中考英语语法精讲:副词用法归纳(9).docx
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1、初中英语语法精讲:副词用法归纳(9)句子副词在句中的位置1、句子副词的特点句子副词用于修饰句子(而不是修饰某个单词),反映说话人的观点和看法,如actually, certainly, clearly, definitely, evidently, fortunately, frankly, honestly, luckily, obviously, perhaps, possibly, probably, surely, undoubtedly, unexpectedly等。2、句子副词在句中的位置句子副词通常位于句首(或分句句首):Obviously he cant tell the di
2、fference between them.显然他无法区别两者的不同。I arrived late but luckily the meeting had been delayed.我迟到了,幸而会议推迟了。但有些句子副词也可以出现在句中:He smiled nastily. He evidently knew something I didnt.他发出狞笑,他显然知道一些我所不知道的事。有的句子副词也可用作其他种类的副词,不过这往往会导致位置和语义的变化:Clearly he didnt say so.显然他没有这样说。(句子副词)He didnt say so clearly.他说得没有那
3、么清楚。(方式副词)Frankly, you are wrong.说实在的,你错了。(句子副词)He spoke frankly about his past life.他坦率地谈了他过去的生活。(方式副词)副词在句中可用作哪些成分1.用作状语The evening passed quickly.晚上很快过去了。We must think about this seriously.我们应认真考虑此事。2.用作表语The war is over.战争结束了He isnt up yet.他还没起床。3.用作宾语They dont like strangers round here.他们不喜欢这周围
4、有陌生人。Theres a fine view from here.从这里可以看到一片美丽的景色。I havent been able to do that up till now.到现在为止我还没能这样做。By then he was more than fifty years of age.那时他已五十多岁。副词用作宾语的用法十分有限,通常只用作介词宾语,并且只限于某些表示时间和地点的副词,而且不同的副词有不同的搭配特点。4.用作宾语补足语I need this tooth out.我需要拔掉这颗牙。Everybody was glad to see him back.看到他回来大家都很高
5、兴。一般说来,能用作表语的副词都可用作宾语补足语。如:He went to see her but found that she was out. =He went to see her but found her out.他去看她,但发现她不在家。5.用作定语Read the paragraph below.阅读下面的短文。We had to get off and take the bus behind.我们得下车转搭后面的车。副词用作定语总是放在被修饰名词之后,如the above passage / the passage above都可表示“上面的段落”,但前者的above前置,为形
6、容词;后者的above后置,为副词。程度副词very, much, very much的用法区别三者均可表示“很”、“非常”,区别如下:1.very主要修饰形容词或副词。如:The dictionary is very useful.这本词典很有用。He drove very fast.他的车开得很快。注:修饰副词too,要用much。如:It is much too expensive.这太贵了。2.much主要修饰动词。如:She doesnt like him much.她不太喜欢他。Does she much like him? / Does she like him much?她很喜
7、欢他吗?注意:much修饰动词时,通常只用于否定句或疑问句(见上例),而不能用于肯定陈述句,除非其前有very, too, so等之类的修饰语。如:误:He likes the film much.正:He likes the film very much.他很喜欢这部电影。单个的much (即没有修饰语)有时也可能在肯定句修饰动词,但这只限于regret, admire, prefer, appreciate等少数动词,且此时的much应置于句中,而不是句末。如:We much appreciate your invitation.我们非常感激你的邀请。3.much除修饰动词外,还可修饰比较
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