中考英语语法--情态动词课件.pptx

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1、情态动词情态动词动词定义：表示可能、怀疑、允诺、愿望、义务、必要、猜测等定义：表示可能、怀疑、允诺、愿望、义务、必要、猜测等的动词是情态动词的动词是情态动词常见的情态动词常见的情态动词cancan 能能;可能可能-could-couldmaymay 可以可以-might-mightmustmust 必须必须;一定一定needneed 需要需要-非标准情态动非标准情态动词词should-shall should-shall would-willwould-willhad betterhad better 最好最好.used to used to 过去常过去常常常Would rather Woul

2、d rather 宁愿宁愿ought toought to 应当应当情态动句型结构词情态动句型结构词情态动句型结构词情态动句型结构词陈述句：I can play basketball 疑问句：Can you play basketball?Yes,I can.No.I cant.情态动词+主语+动词原形？主语+情态动词+动词原形情态动词后跟动情态动词后跟动词原形词原形 can能力能力乐意可能I can play basketballCan/could you please open the door?That cant be Mary,She is in Newyork.可能 may征求同意可

3、能May I come in?He may be a good father,but he is a terrible husband.肯定回答一般是：肯定回答一般是：Yes,please./Certainly./Sure等，等，否定回答一般是：否定回答一般是：Please dont./No，you cant/mustnt.can can 和和 may may 的区别的区别can多用于多用于疑问句和否定句疑问句和否定句，表示怀疑或不相信等态度；，表示怀疑或不相信等态度；he cant be right而而may则多用于则多用于陈述句（肯定），陈述句（肯定），表示一种揣测。表示一种揣测。he m

4、ay be righthe may be right must必须Must I hand in the report tonight?肯定回答：肯定回答：yes,must否定回答：否定回答：no,you neednt/no,you dont have to肯定推测You must be ill，I can see it from your face.needneedneedneed情态动词实义动词Need I tell him everything?肯定回答：肯定回答：yes,must否定回答：否定回答：no,you neednt/no,you dont have to通常用于否定句、疑问句和

5、条件句通常用于否定句、疑问句和条件句She needs to go to Beijing this Sunday.Need 做实义动词时，有人称和数的变化，后面要跟带做实义动词时，有人称和数的变化，后面要跟带to的不定式，的不定式，其否定和疑问都要通过助动词其否定和疑问都要通过助动词do构成构成Had better Had better Had better 主要用来表示劝告和建议，后跟动词原形，与汉语的“你最好.”意义略有不同。Youd better 是一种命令的口气，含有“我说了，你得听”的味道，故下级对上级，晚辈对长辈不宜用这种结构。You had better try it again

6、 if you fail this time.You had better not eat sweet food any more.变否定：Had better not do sthUsedtoBeusedtodoingBeusedtodoHe used to go shopping on weekends.The Englishman isnt used to driving on theright in China.Pens are used to write on paper.过去常常习惯于做某事被用来做某事would rather解析:宁愿而不愿有三种表达方式1、prefertodo.

7、ratherthando宁愿做而不愿做(动词词组)例:Iprefertorunratherthanstayathome.我宁愿去跑步也不愿待在家里2、wouldratherdo.thando宁愿做而不愿做(动词词组)例:Iwouldratherrunthanstayathome.我宁愿去跑步也不愿待在家里3、prefertoIpreferdogstocats.相对于猫.我更喜欢狗.Would rather是情态动词，否定为是情态动词，否定为 would rather not doPractice1must和haveto-Mustwefinishgivingouttheposterstoday?

8、-Yes,we_.Itcantbeputoffanylonger.A.canB.mayC.must答案C。解析此题考查情态动词的用法。回答由must引起的一般疑问句，其肯定答语要用must，不能用can或may。故选C。-Ididntpassthemathtest.IthinkIhavespenttoomuchtimeplayingcomputergamesrecently.-Iagree.You_playlikethatanymore.A.needntB.mustntC.maynotD.wouldnt答案B。解析此处选mustnt。表示“一定不能”“千万不能”，用较强的语气来提醒对方不能再玩

9、游戏了。Whentrafficlightsarered.We_stopandwait.A.mayB.canC.mustD.might.答案C。解析考查情态动词，must必须，表示禁止。2can和could-CouldIborrowyourdictionary?-Ofcourseyou_.A.canB.mustC.shouldD.will答案A。解析上文的could并不表示过去，而只是一种委婉的说法，所以答语用can更礼貌些。-Listen!IsTomsingingintheclassroom?-No.It_beTom.HehasgonetoParis.A.maynotB.needntC.can

10、t答案C。解析因为汤姆不在这里，所以不可能是他。一Mary，_youspeakChinese?一Yes，onlyalittleAmustBneedCmayDcan答案D。解析考查情态动词，“玛丽，你会说英语吗?“是的，会一点”。故选D。can表示能够1Schools_allowstudentsatleastonehouradayforsports.A.wouldB.mightC.shouldD.could答案C。解析此处用情态动词should的用法。should表示“应当应该”的含义比其他三个词更强些。2.Bob，mayI_yourMP4?一SureButyoudbetternot_ittoo

11、thersA.lend；lendBlend；borrowCborrow；borrowD.borrow；lend答案D。解析本题考查动词borrow和lend的区别.由语境可判断前者是借入，用borrow后者是借出，用lend。3.-Whataboutplayingfootballthisafternoon,Sam?-Iwouldrather_athomethan_football.Itstoohotoutside.A.stay;playingB.stay;playC.tostay;toplayD.tostay;playing答案：A。解析本题考查了wouldrather的固定短语的应用。Wou

12、ldratherdoAthandoB和做B比起来，宁愿做A。4.Heusedto_inthesun,butnowheisusedtoatnight.A.read,readB.reading,readC.read,readingD.reading,reading答案：C。解析考查固定结构的用法。Used后接动词不定时，beusedto后接动名词。故选C。5.You_doitifyoureallydontwantto.A.needntB.mustntC.cantD.couldnt答案A。解析考查情态动词。本题应由句意人手破解。如果你不想做的话，你“没有必要”做它，所以正确答案为A项。6.-MayIdotherestoftheworktomorrow?-Yea,ofcourse.You_finishittoday.A.mustB.mustntC.neednt答案C。解析思路分析：根据句意可知，neednt不必THANK YOU