形容词副词的用法.pptx

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1、一一.定义定义:用来修饰名用来修饰名词或代词词或代词,表示人或事表示人或事物的性质物的性质,特征或状态特征或状态.一般分为下面一般分为下面两类两类:第1页/共53页外观外观:long,strong,big,round,fat,beautiful,old等等性质性质:good,clean,new,fresh,soft,excellent等颜色颜色:red,black,green,blue,white等性格性格:kind,cruel,honest,foolish,lazy,rude等状况状况:careful,blind,deaf,cheap,hungry等评论评论:great,true,neces

2、sary,difficult,wrong等性性质质形形容容词词第2页/共53页关关系系形形容容词词.地域:Chinese,American,Asian,等.质料:wooden,golden,plastic,metallic(金属的金属的,含金属的含金属的)等.科技:electric,chemical,medical等.意识:social,political,religious等.行业:industrial,agricultural,economic,military等第3页/共53页3).以-ly结尾的形容词lovely;friendly;lively;early;silly;ugly;dea

3、dly;daily;motherly;homely(朴实的,丑的);timely(及时的,适时的)第4页/共53页二二.形容词的构成形容词的构成:1).由后缀构成的形容词由后缀构成的形容词.后缀后缀例词例词-ernnorthern,southern,western,eastern,modern-ishfoolish,feverish兴奋的兴奋的,British,-iousserious,curious,obvious,anxious,religious-ablecomfortable,reasonable,valuable,第5页/共53页-anAmerican,Australian,Russ

4、ian,Italian-antpleasant,constant,important,distant-arynecessary,ordinary-fulcareful,beautiful,wonderful,useful,harmful第6页/共53页-lesscareless,useless,harmless,airless.fearless-lyfriendly,lonely,likely,lovely,daily,lively,deadly-somehandsome,troublesome,tiresome,quarrelsome-ousfamous,dangerous,nervous,

5、-yhealthy,noisy,rainy,dirty,funny,sunny,hungry第7页/共53页2).2).复合形容词的构成复合形容词的构成:构成方法构成方法形容词形容词+名词名词-ed 例词例词kind-hearted;middle-aged;short-sighted;cold-blooded.形容词形容词+形容形容词词red-hot 炽热的炽热的;dark-blue形容词形容词+现在现在分词分词ordinary-looking;sweet-smelling副词副词+分词分词hard-working;bravely-fighting;well-known;第8页/共53页名词名

6、词+形容形容词词world-famous;snow-white;life-long名词名词+现在现在分词分词peace-loving 名词名词+过去过去分词分词man-made;snow-covered数词数词+名词名词-ed four-storeyed数词数词+名词名词+形容词形容词five-year-old;500-metre-long数词数词+名词名词词干词干ten-year;two-man第9页/共53页三三.形容词形容词在句子中的作用在句子中的作用形容词在句子中可定语、表语、同位语、宾语补足语、状语等。E.g.1).She is a brave girl and she can do

7、 anything.2).Mount Tai,the famous in our country,has been visited by millions of travellers every year.3).Who let the door open?4).I went to bed hungry.5).You should keep the classroom clean.定语定语同位语同位语宾补宾补状语状语宾补宾补第10页/共53页二、形容词的用法：1.作定语，一般放在名词之前,不定代词something，anything，nothing，everything等之后。eg.Itsasu

8、nnydaytoday.今天是个阳光灿烂的日子。第11页/共53页1.Shehasaredcoat.2.Wouldyoulikesomethinghottodrink？3.Ihavesomethingimportanttotellyou.4.Isthereanythinginterestinginthefilm.5.Thereisnothingdangeroushere.第12页/共53页2.作表语，放在系动词的后面。eg.Helookshappytoday.Ifeelverytiredafterplayingfootball.3.形容词用作宾语补足语，放在宾语之后。eg.Dontkeepth

9、edooropen.Hissuccessmadehimhappy.。第13页/共53页4.某些形容词放在定冠词之后，表示一类人。某些形容词放在定冠词之后，表示一类人。常见的形容词有：常见的形容词有：good/bad,rich/poor,young/old,deaf/blind,black/white,living/dead等。等。（the+adj表一类人）表一类人）eg.1.Theoldoftenthinkofoldthings.2.Thenewalwaystaketheplaceoftheold.第14页/共53页四四.形容词的位置形容词的位置.1).1).形容词用作定语形容词用作定语通常放

10、在被修饰的名词通常放在被修饰的名词之前，作前置定语之前，作前置定语;修饰由不定代词修饰由不定代词one,no,any,some,every构成的复合代词构成的复合代词:如如anything,something时时,要放其之要放其之后后.1.A red coat 1.A red coat 2.Something important2.Something important第15页/共53页2).在些形容词只能作表语,我们也把这些形容词称之为“表语形容词”.well,ill,able,unable,worth,sorry,sure,glad,fond,afraid,alone,asleep,awa

11、ke,alive,alike,ashamed 等.第16页/共53页3).有些形容词只能作定语wooden,woolen,medical,real,elder,little,daily,weakly,former,latter,very,only,exact等第17页/共53页4).多个形容词作定语时的排列顺序如果两个以上的形容词修饰一个名词时,与被修饰的名词关系较密切的形容词靠近名词;如果几个形容词的密切程度差不多,则音节少的形容词在前,音节多的在后.常用顺序为:限定词-外观-形状-年龄-颜色-国家-材料.The little white wooden house smells as if

12、it hasnt been lived in for years.第18页/共53页县县 （限）定词（限）定词:（冠词、指示代词、不定代词、（冠词、指示代词、不定代词、物主代词，序数词、基数词）物主代词，序数词、基数词）官官（观）外观和描绘性（观）外观和描绘性：多为表主观看法的形容词：多为表主观看法的形容词行行（形形）（大小、长短）（大小、长短 、形状、高低、方圆等）、形状、高低、方圆等）令令（龄龄）指年龄、新、旧等）指年龄、新、旧等宴宴（颜颜）指颜色的词）指颜色的词国国（国国）指国籍的词）指国籍的词才才（材材）指材料、种类的词）指材料、种类的词E.g .The first beautiful

13、 large long new red Chinese concrete bridge.请译：一个漂亮的崭新中国式陶瓷大花瓶。请译：一个漂亮的崭新中国式陶瓷大花瓶。a nice big new Chinese china vase.第19页/共53页1.副词的作用副词的作用:用来修饰动词用来修饰动词.形容词形容词.其它副词其它副词.全句或全句或 名词词组及句子名词词组及句子用用 法法例例 句句作表语作表语My mother is out 作定语作定语The girl there is my friend 作状语作状语He runs fast 作宾补作宾补I found him outside二

14、、副词第20页/共53页2.有许多副词是对应的形容词有许多副词是对应的形容词加加ly构成构成realreally如如:strong strongly词尾是词尾是y的要把的要把y变为变为i再加再加 ly,如如:busy busily happy happily第21页/共53页有几个特殊的要去有几个特殊的要去e后再加后再加-ly或或y,如如:truetrulyterrible-terribly以以e结尾的结尾的,大部分直接加大部分直接加-ly,如如:widewidelybravebravely第22页/共53页good的副词是的副词是well.well也可作形容也可作形容词用，但只有唯一的意思词

15、用，但只有唯一的意思healthy健康的健康的hard既是形容词也是副词既是形容词也是副词,作形容词作形容词是是“困难的困难的”difficult，作副词是，作副词是“努力地努力地”。hardly的意思是的意思是“几乎不几乎不”它和它和hard没关系没关系第23页/共53页用词的适当形式填空1 He works very _.He _ has a rest on Sunday.(hard)2 _,he didnt fail in the exam.(luck)3 He was so _ that he couldnt believe this _ news.(surprise)4 He won

16、t do it.I wont do it,_.(too)hardhardlyLuckilysurprisedsurprisingeither第24页/共53页5 Mr.Green is feeling _ enough to go to work.(good)6 The old man looks very _ than you think.(friend)7 This box is not so _ as that one.(heavy)8 Lucy jumped _ of the four.(high)wellmore friendlyheavyhighest第25页/共53页五五.形容词

17、的比较级和形容词的比较级和最高级的构成最高级的构成 :有规则有规则和不规则两种形式和不规则两种形式.第26页/共53页1.1.规则形容词的比较级和最高级（规则形容词的比较级和最高级（4 4种种）、直接加-er，-est:young clever brave younger cleverer braver youngest cleverest bravest、辅音字母+y 结尾的变 y 为 i 再加-er、-est:happy early heavy happier earlier heavier happiest earliest heaviest第27页/共53页、以一个辅音字母(w、y、r

18、 除外)结尾的重读闭音节词，先双写这一辅音字母再加-er、-est fat thin hot slow fatter thinner hotter slower fattest thinnest hottest slowest 、多音节词和派生的双音节词前加 more、most beautiful expensive more beautiful more expensivemost beautiful most expensive 反向比较加 less、least less expensive 第28页/共53页1)good wellbetterbest2)bad illworseworst

19、3)many muchmoremost4)littlelessleast2.2.不规则的形容词、副词的级要特殊记。不规则的形容词、副词的级要特殊记。口诀记忆；两好，两坏；两多，两少。第29页/共53页1）双方比较，）双方比较，表示一方超过另一方时，表示一方超过另一方时，用用“比较级比较级than”的结构的结构 如如This picture is more beautiful than that one.2）表示一方不及另一方时，）表示一方不及另一方时，用用“less+原级原级 than”结构结构 This room is less beautiful than that one.3.比较级的用

20、法第30页/共53页注意：注意：by far 通常用于强调最高级。通常用于强调最高级。用于比用于比较级一般放在比较级的后面，若放在前面，应在二较级一般放在比较级的后面，若放在前面，应在二者中间加者中间加 the.如如：He is taller by far than his brother.He is by far the taller of the two brothers.4)4)表示一方随另一方的程度而变化时，表示一方随另一方的程度而变化时，用用“the+the+比较级（主语谓语）比较级（主语谓语）the+the+比较级（主比较级（主语谓语）语谓语）”结构结构 （越（越.越越）The h

21、arder he works,the happier he feels.第31页/共53页5)不与其他事物 相比，表示本身程度的改变时，用“比较级 and+比较级”结构。The girl becomes more and more beautiful.The weather is getting colder and colder.第32页/共53页6）某些以ior 结尾的形容词进行比较时，用to 代替than.这些词有inferior(劣等的，次的），superior上级的，较高的 ,junior(资历较浅的）,senior。如：He is superior to Mr Zhang in c

22、hemistry.第33页/共53页7)倍数表达法 1.A is+倍数+the size(height/length/width /depth)of B 2.A is+倍数 as as B 3.A is+倍数 比较级 than B注意：times 表三倍以上,两倍用 twice/double第34页/共53页1）三者或三者以上相比，表示最高程度时，用“the+最高级”的结构表示。这种句式一般常有表示比较范围的介词短语。如：ZhangHua is the tallest of the three.He works(the)hardest in his class.4 最高级的用法第35页/共53

23、页2)表示“最高程度”的形容词，如 excellent,extreme,perfect等没有最高级，也没有比较级。3）形容词最高级修饰作表语或介词宾语的名词、代词时，被修饰的的词往往省略。如：He is the tallest in his class.第36页/共53页六六.比较级的基本句型比较级的基本句型原级原级as+adj.+asnot so/as+adj.+asI am as tall as you.She is not so/as tall as I.比较比较级级比较级比较级+thanWhich+v.+比较比较级级,A or B?比较级比较级 and 比较比较级级The+比较级比较级

24、,the+比较级比较级Her hair is longer than yoursWhich is better,the red one or the blue one?It gets warmer and warmer.The harder you work,the greater progress youll make第37页/共53页最高级最高级The+最高级最高级+of/in否定词否定词+比较级比较级He is the tallest of the three.Nobody is taller than him.第38页/共53页七七.修饰比较级的修饰语常见的有修饰比较级的修饰语常见的有

25、rather,much,still,even,far,any,a lot,a little,a great deal,by far,a bit,three times等等.even harder than before.2).A car runs a great deal faster than a bike.第39页/共53页八.修饰最高级的有:by far,nearly,almost,by no means,not really,not quite和 序数词.E.g.1).The bridge being built now is by far the longest across the

26、 Yellow River.2).Id like to buy the second most expensive camera.第40页/共53页1.This kind of car sells _(good,well).2.He jumps _(high,highly).3.They thought _(high,highly)of her.4.We were _(deep,deeply)moved by his story.5.This soup tastes _(good,well).wellhighhighlydeeply6.The story sounds _(interestin

27、g,interestingly).7.She looked _(angry,angrily).8.She looked _(angry,angrily)at the robbers.goodinterestingangryangrily第41页/共53页 7)7)掌握几种同义句转换掌握几种同义句转换 1.He is taller than any other student in his class.=He is taller than the other students in his class.=He is taller than any of the other students in

28、 his class.=He is the tallest(student)in his class.第42页/共53页 3.I prefer maths to English.=I like maths better than English.4.The box is too heavy for him to carry.=The box is so heavy that he cant carry it.=The box is not light enough for him to carry.第43页/共53页 Exercisesc第44页/共53页 选择()1 Who gets hom

29、e usually _ in your family?A.the latest B.later C.early D.as late()2 The more we looked at the picture,_.A.we like it less B.the less we liked it C.better we liked it D.it looked better()3 What a pity.Lucy ran _ than Lily.A.a few more slowly B.a little more slowly C.much more slowly D.little slowlie

30、rABB第45页/共53页()4 Dont worry.Your baby is looked after _ here,the nurse are very _.A.careful,carefully B.carefully,careful C.care,careless D.careless,care()5 The idea became _.He wanted to try _.A.strangly,it out B.strangly,out it C.strange,it out D.strange,out it()6 Beijing is _ biggest cities in Ch

31、ina.A.the first B.one of C.the second D.secondBCC第46页/共53页7、Thebreadis_thanthesecakesA、verydeliciousB.muchdeliciousC.moredeliciousD.asdelicious8.LinTaojumped_inthelongjumpintheschoolsportsmeetingA.farB.fartherC.farthestD.quitefar9.Whentheymetinthehotel.Theytalkedandlaughed_A.happilyB.happyC.happierD

32、.happiest10.whichis_seasoninBeijing?A.goodB.betterC.bestD.thebest CCAD第47页/共53页11.I think Yao ming the famous basketball player,he will be _ new Star in NBAA.hot B.hotter C.hottest D.the hottest 12.In our city its _ in July,but it is even _ in August A.hotter hottest B.hot hot C.hotter hot D.hot hot

33、ter13.Hainan is a very large Island.It is the second _ island in chinaA.large B.larger C.largest D.most largest 14.An elephant is _ than a tiger A.heavy B.very heavy C.the heaviest D.heavierDDCD第48页/共53页15.A horse is _ than a dog A.Much heavy B.more heavier C.much heavier 16.Emma always makes a lot

34、of mistakes.She is _A.Care B.careful C.carefully D.careless17.Which subject is _,physics or chemistry?A.Interesting B.most interesting C.More interesting D.the most interesting CDC第49页/共53页18.He is _ enough to carry the heavy box A.strong B.stronger C.much stronger .D.the strongest 19.Li lei often t

35、alks _ but does _ so everyone says he is a good boy A.less more B.few much C.more little D.little many 20.When the famous singer started to sing,everyone began to shout very _ A.loudly B.loud C.heavily D.high AAA第50页/共53页形容词练习形容词练习：21.Thiscoatisabittooforme.Doyouhaveasizeinblue.?A.small,bigB.small,b

36、iggerC.small,biggerD.small,big22.Heissotiredthathefellassoonashelaydown.A.sleepB.sleepingC.sleepyD.asleep23.IfIhad,IdgotoEgyptandhaveabookattheGreatPyramid.A.alongenoughholidayB.anenoughlongholidayC.aholidayenoughlongD.alongholidayenough24.Heworksvery.HehasarestonSundays.A.hard,hardlyB.hardly,hardC.

37、hard,hardD.hardly,hardly25.JulyandAugustarethemonthsinayear.A.hotB.hotterC.hotestD.hottest26.Whatdoyouthinkofthebridge?Ihaveneverseenbefore?A.soalongoneB.solongoneC.suchalongoneD.asuchlongBDAADC第51页/共53页27.30,000dollarsisalargeamountofmoney,butitisthanweneed.A.farmoreB.verymuchC.farlessD.verylittle2

38、8.Itskindyoutogivemesuchgreathelp.A.forB.ofC.withD.to29.Americaisoneofthecountriesintheworld.A.mostdevelopB.mostdevelopingC.mostdevelopedD.mostdevelopment30.Johndidhisbrotherintheexam.A.sobadlyasB.asgoodasC.morecarefulthanD.muchmorecarefullythan31.Hearingthegoodnews,Marylookedandlookedatus.A.happyhappilyB.happilyhappyC.happyhappyD.happilyhappily32.ChinaislargerthaninAsia.A.anyothercountryB.anycountryC.anyothercountriesD.anycountriesCBCDAA第52页/共53页感谢您的观看！第53页/共53页