同位语从句课件--高考英语复习专题.pptx

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1、 同位语是句子成分的一种同位语是句子成分的一种同位语是句子成分的一种同位语是句子成分的一种,它位于它位于它位于它位于名词、代词后面名词、代词后面名词、代词后面名词、代词后面,说明它们的性质和说明它们的性质和说明它们的性质和说明它们的性质和情况情况情况情况,它可以由名词、代词、名词性它可以由名词、代词、名词性它可以由名词、代词、名词性它可以由名词、代词、名词性短语或从句充当。短语或从句充当。短语或从句充当。短语或从句充当。同位语同位语 the Appositive语法精解语法精解同位语的表现形式有以下几种：同位语的表现形式有以下几种：同位语的表现形式有以下几种：同位语的表现形式有以下几种：(1)

2、名词名词 Tom,our monitor,is a handsome boy.(2)代词代词 I myself will do the experiment.(3)数词数词 She is the oldest among them six.(4)从句从句 He told me the news that the plane had exploded.他告诉我飞机爆炸的消息。他告诉我飞机爆炸的消息。(5)由由such as,that is引导引导 Some subjects,such as maths and physics,are very difficult to learn.某些学科某些学

3、科,例如数学和物理例如数学和物理,是很难是很难学的。学的。(6)由由 or 引导引导 The freezing temperature,or freezing point,is the temperature at which water freezes under ordinary pressure.结冰温度即冰点结冰温度即冰点,是水在常压下结是水在常压下结冰时的温度。冰时的温度。AppositiveClause（同位语从句）（同位语从句）The man from the star这部电视剧已经成为最近的热点是一个事实_a recent hot topic is a truth.(becom

4、e)That the TV play has become Subject Clause 主语从句很多人想知道为什么都教授吸引了那么多的粉丝。Many people wondered _ _.(attract)why Prefessor Du attracted so many fans.Object Clause 宾语从句理由可能是他拥有帅气的外表和强大的超能力。Maybe the reason is _ _.(have)that he has handsome appearence and strong superpowerPredicative Clause 表语从句尽管我也被这部剧吸引

5、，但炸鸡和啤酒因为这部剧成为了很受欢迎的食物的事实还是让我很吃惊。Although I was attracted by this drama,the fact _ because of it still surprised me.that the fried chicken and beer became popular foodAppositive Clause 同位语语从句(become)Although I was attracted by this drama,the fact that the fried chicken and beer became popular food b

6、ecause of it still surprised me.factthat 名词名词引导词引导词从句从句总结：同位语从句结构_+_+_名词引导词从句1.I have no idea why you are so tired every day.2.The fact that we dont get enough sleep is absolutely true.3.I have been thinking about the question whether we should be given more free time.4.We all know the truth that no

7、thing is more important than health.ideaThe factthe questionthe truth同位语从句的作用同位语从句的作用:?进一步解释、说明前面名词进一步解释、说明前面名词的具体内容。的具体内容。Activity 1 Read and find 同位语从句同位语从句被修饰的名词通常为_名词,如：_,_,hope,wish,_,order,_,_,belief,truth,theory,decision,conclusion,promise,_,_,plan,_Summary(1):抽象factnewsopinionquestionproblem

8、thoughtsuggestionideaActivity 2 Choose the proper introductive words1.The question _ should do the work is being discussed at the meeting.2.I have no idea _ the driver made phone call when driving.3.The fact _two pupils were killed cant be accepted by their parents.4.I have some doubt _ he is suitab

9、le for the job.5.The problem _we should have the meeting in the hall now must be decided at once.whowhythatwhetherwhenSummary(2):同位语从句同位语从句在复合句中用作在复合句中用作 的从句叫同位语从句，它的从句叫同位语从句，它是是_从句之一。引导同位语从句的连接词有：从句之一。引导同位语从句的连接词有：从属连词从属连词 ,；连接代词；连接代词 ,等，等，连接副词连接副词 ,_ 等。等。同位语名词性thatwhetherwhatwhowhen wherewhyhowThe

10、 question _between Korean aliens and Chinese aliens has puzzled her for a long time.（diffrence）为什么中国的外星人和韩国的外星人有那么大差别这个问题困扰了她很久。why there are so many diffrences长高点，就不用长高点，就不用踮着脚跳舞了踮着脚跳舞了如果我的舞蹈演员们能长高点的愿望有天实现的话，他们就不用一直踮着脚尖跳舞了。If my wish_ comes true one day,they will not have to stand on their toes all

11、 the time.（grow）that the dancers can grow taller1.I have a hope that all of you will go to college.2.I hate the fact that he told me.3.I hate the fact that he always tells lies4.Titanic is the ship that sank into the ocean.5.He made an excuse that his car broke down on the way.同位语从句同位语从句定语从句定语从句定语从句

12、定语从句同位语从句同位语从句同位语从句同位语从句 Activity 3 判断以下是什么从句同位语从句与定语从句同位语从句与定语从句的的不同之处（不同之处（1 1）同位语从句用来进一步同位语从句用来进一步_前面名词的内容前面名词的内容;定语从句用来定语从句用来_前面的名词。前面的名词。The news that our team has won the final match is encouraging.（同位语从句说明（同位语从句说明“消息消息”的内容：的内容：_）The news that you told us is really encouraging.（定语从句对（定语从句对“消息消

13、息”加以限定：是加以限定：是_，而非来自其他渠道。但消息是何内容却不得而知。）而非来自其他渠道。但消息是何内容却不得而知。）Summary(3):解释说明修饰限定我们队取得了决赛胜利我们队取得了决赛胜利你告诉我的你告诉我的The news that our team has won the final match is encouraging.The news that you told us is really encouraging.Summary(3):同位语从句与定语从句同位语从句与定语从句的的不同之处（不同之处（2 2）在从句中充当成分吗？在从句中充当成分吗？that同位语从句同位语

14、从句定语从句定语从句不作成分，无意义，不能省指代先行词，作主语、宾语、表语等成分，作宾语可省1.Itissaidthatmoremiddleschoolgraduateswillbeadmittedintouniversities;thisistheinformation_hasbeenputforward.A.whatB.thatC.whenD.as2.Sheheardaterriblenoise,_broughtherheartintohermouth.A.itB.whichC.thisD.that3.Icantstandtheterriblenoise_sheiscryingloudly

15、.A.itB.whichC.thisD.that4.Thefact_hefailedintheexamisnottheone_hetoldme.A.which;thatB.that;/C.which;whichD./;that Activity 4 Choose the best answer Summary(3):同位语从句与定语从句的同位语从句与定语从句的不同不同之处（之处（3 3）when,where,why既可以引导定语从既可以引导定语从句也可以引导同位语从句。共同之处是句也可以引导同位语从句。共同之处是两种从句在复合句中都两种从句在复合句中都充当状语充当状语。不同。不同点：点：whe

16、n,where,why引导定语从句时，引导定语从句时，前面有前面有与其意义相近的先行词与其意义相近的先行词；当引导；当引导同位语从句时，前面同位语从句时，前面先行词含义与之并先行词含义与之并不相同不相同。-Then he raised the question where they were to get the machine needed.-Do you know the place where he was born?-Ill never forget the day when we met for the first time.(定从定从定从定从)-I have no idea whe

17、n we met for the first time.（同从）（同从）（同从）（同从）Summary(3):同位语从句与定语从句的同位语从句与定语从句的不同不同 之处（之处（4 4）what what 不能引导定语从句，但可引导同不能引导定语从句，但可引导同不能引导定语从句，但可引导同不能引导定语从句，但可引导同位语从句并在其中可以充当成分，如：位语从句并在其中可以充当成分，如：位语从句并在其中可以充当成分，如：位语从句并在其中可以充当成分，如：-I have-I have no ideano idea whatwhat we should give them we should give

18、them._ you go and _you do,Ill _ you go and _you do,Ill be right here waiting for you.be right here waiting for you.(状语从句状语从句状语从句状语从句)WhereverWhereverwhateverwhateverNo matter whereNo matter whereno matter whatno matter what离开房间的任何人应该把灯关掉。离开房间的任何人应该把灯关掉。离开房间的任何人应该把灯关掉。离开房间的任何人应该把灯关掉。_ought to _ought

19、to turn off the light.turn off the light.(主语从句主语从句主语从句主语从句)Whoever leaves the room lastWhoever leaves the room last【结论结论】【疑问词【疑问词+ever与与 no matter+疑问词的区别】疑问词的区别】whateverno matter what Whatever，whichever,whoever 等词可以用于引等词可以用于引导导名词性从句和让步状语从句名词性从句和让步状语从句No matter what/which/who 等只引导等只引导让步状语从让步状语从句句经典例句

20、：经典例句：If you smile at me like that,I will give you whatever you want.点击高考点击高考1.【2012福建】福建】35.Wepromise_attendsthepartyachancetohaveaphototakenwiththemoviestar.A.whoB.whomC.whoeverD.whomever（2013陕西陕西)20.Asmanyasfivecoursesareprovided,andyouarefreetochoose_suitsyoubest.A.whateverB.whicheverC.wheneverD

21、.whereverCB1.同位语从句有时被别的词或短语同位语从句有时被别的词或短语把它和名词隔开：把它和名词隔开：注意注意:-The story goesgoes that William Tell killed the king with an arrow.-Word camecame that their team had won.2.同位语从句中使用虚拟语气的情况同位语从句中使用虚拟语气的情况注意注意:在在suggestion,advice,request,order,demand,requirement等意为等意为“建议，建议，要求，命令要求，命令”的的n./v.后，同位语从句的后，同

22、位语从句的谓语谓语v.通常用虚拟语气结构通常用虚拟语气结构“should+v原形原形”，其中，其中should可省略。可省略。-Our teacher gave us some suggestion how we(should)use(should)use the computer.-The manager-The manager orderedordered him that he him that he(should)finish(should)finish the work in a day.the work in a day.Activity 5 Fill in the blanks

23、The news _(MH370失踪)shocked the whole world.Malaysian authorities said that there was no confirmation_(残骸被找到)on March 12.The mystery _(飞机去哪儿了)also confused all people in the whorld._(是否是)an act of terrorism was another doubt.We all had a dream_(有部分乘客幸存)But unfortunately,on March 24 Malaysian authorit

24、ies message to the relatives broke our last hope.that MH370 dissapeared that debris was foundwhere the plane has goneWhether it was that some of the passengers survived.“Malaysia Airlines deeply regrets that we have to assume,beyond any reasonable doubt,that MH370 has been lost and_none of those on

25、board survived.”But just as the lyrics(歌词)say,we still hold the belief_,(飞机能穿越时间和空间)living with us together.thatthat the plane can cross time and space Activity 6 Complete the sentences1.The question_bothered him.(get)能从哪里弄到如此多的钱这个问题困扰着他2._is the use of cell phone.他们正在谈论的手机的使用。（talk）3._ the MH370 fl

26、ight lost crashed,but fuel tanks were limited in the distance it had.（confirm）还没有消息证实MH370航班已失事，但是这个航程的航班油量是有限的。4.The question is _ in such a short time.(prepare)问题是我们能否在如此短的时间内准备好。5.Did she say_?（work）她是在说我们应该怎样做这个工作吗？where he could get so much money What they are talking aboutIt has not been confi

27、rmed that whether we can prepare wellhow we should do the work Guess who he/she isWhat impresses us most is that he always stares at us outside the small window of the back door.We want to tell him that he needs more rest.He is a modest and kind man who loves you very much.There is no doubt that he is a resposible teacher in our heart.Try to describe the one who is familiar to us,and remember to use noun clauses as many as you can.