2017中考英语名词复习教案_1.pdf

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1、 中考英语名词专题复习教案 一、教学目标 1、名词的应用及各个环节变化。2、掌握名词在试卷中的重要性。二、考查重点 1.可数名词与不可数名词 2.名词的单数与复数名词所有格 3.名词用法以及词义辨析三、两课时 四、教学过程 名词是表示人、事物、地点或抽象概念的名称的词。个体名词：chair，book 可数名词 集体名词：people，family 普通名词 物质名词：rain，ice，sunshine 不可数名词 抽象名词：love，knowledge 专有名词：1.表示人名 2.表示地名 如：Jim :如:China Kate USA Li Lei England Miss Gao Beij

2、ing 3.表示星期、月份等时间概念的名称，如：Sunday Monday Tuesday January February 4.表示中外节日：国际性节日 :New Year May Day Children?s Day Women?s Day 中国节日:Spring Festival Mid-autumn Day National Day 西方节日:Christmas Day Easter(复活节）Father?s Day Valen tine?s Day(情人节)Mother?s Day Saint 5.机构或一些社会团体的名称，它们往往缩写,如:CCTV UN WTO PLA PRCUF

3、O BBC SOS UN IT NBA IQ EQ PE RMB VIP .drink-coffee,milk,tea 2.food-rice,bread,meat porridge,tofu,3.sugar,salt,pepper,butter 4.weather-rain,snow,ice,cloud,wind 5.cotton,silk,wool,mental,paper,wood,glass,plastic 名词单数的表达 一般可用 a，an，one 来修饰 注：a 用于辅音音素开头的单词前,an 用于元 音音素开头的单词前*a book，*an English book，*an ho

4、ur。名词的复数形式 1.规则变化 (1)一般在复数名词后加“s”/s/or/z/*dog dogs*book books (2)以 s、x、ch、sh 结尾的名词加 “es”/iz *box boxes*watch watches (3)以辅音字母加 y 结尾的名词,变 y 为 i 加“es”/iz/*country countries *factory factories 请区别：如果是元音字母加 y 结尾的名词则只须加“s”*boy boys holiday-holidays *monkey monkeys (4)以 f、fe 结尾的名词 ,变 f、fe 为 v 再加“es”/vz/*h

5、alf halves *shelf shelves *knife knives *leaf leaves 特殊:belief-beliefs 特殊:roof-roofs (5)以 o 结尾的名词 *piano pianos ,一般情况加*zoo s,读作/z/.potato，tomato，hero 除外 zoos radio-radios bamboo-bamboos 2.不规则变化 (1)单复数同形 Chinese Chinese fish fish Japanese Japanese sheep sheep (2)变元音字母 oo 为 ee tooth teeth foot feet (3

6、).变 man 为 men man men woman women policeman policemen Frenchman Frenchmen 请区别：German(德国人)Germans (“中日”不变“英法”变，其余 s 加后面)(4).常以复数形式出现的名词 people clothes shoes trousers glasses 这些名词作主语时，注意它们的谓语用复数 *My clothes are newer than yours.3.可数名词可以被 a,an,one,two 以及 how many，many，a few，few，any，lots of,a lot of，som

7、e 等修饰 *There are a few people in the park.*How many knives are there in your pencil-box?1.Several _ are talking A woman;children Cwomen;children under the tree And they are talking about_.B woman;child 2.There are three in my family.A.people B.person C.child 3.Some _ came to our school for a visit t

8、hat day.A.Germans B.Germen C.Germany D.Germanies 4.In the picture there are many_ and two_.A.sheeps;knifes B.sheeps;knife C.sheep;knives D.sheep;knife 5.There are four_and two_in the group.A.Japanese，Germen B.Japaneses，Germen C.Japanese，German D.Japanese，Germans 不可数名词 物质名词和抽象名词属于不可数名词如 :water，rice，f

9、ish，meat 等。work chalk time space music money weather homework wood information news medicine 1.单个的不可数名词作主语时谓语动词用单数 *Some bread is over there.*No news is good news.2.不可数名词不能直接被 a,an,one,two 等修饰，常用 lots of,some,any，plenty of 等修饰 *They had much money.*He does little housework at home.*a rice(X)two brea

10、d(X)how much,much,a little,little,a lot of,巩固练习 :(1)一 茶 杯 茶（3）两公斤肉（5）半公斤鸡肉 （2）一块冰 （4）五瓶橘汁 （6）许多瓶牛奶 4.有些可数名词或不可数名词在一定情况下可相互转化，同一个词，但意思不同 glass(玻璃)a glass(玻璃杯)work(工作)a work(著作)time(时间)times(次数)1.Please give me _ paper.A.one B.a pieces C.a piece D.a piece of 2.This table is made of_.A.many glass B.som

11、e glasses C.glasses D.glass 3.What can I do for you,sir?Id like two_.A.bottle of milk B.bottles of milks C.bottles of milk D.bottle of milks 4.We can do the work better with_money and _ people.A.less,fewer B.fewer,less C.little,little D.few,few 1.当 people,class,family,team,group,public,police 等集体名词做

12、主语时，如果看 成一个整体，动词就用单数；看成一个个具体成员时，就用复数。2.e.g The class are waiting for her.3.Tom s family _ rather big.Tom s family _ film fans.4.news,maths,politics 表示单数意义，动词用单数。e.g The news makes her very happy.Maths _ not easy for him.名词所有格 表示名词间的所有关系“,的”一.名词所有格的构成方法 1.一般情况下，在有生命的名词后加“s”Kangkang?s father Lucy?s bo

13、ok 2.以 s 结尾的复数名词,则在 s 后加“”即可 Teachers?office The Greens?house 3.不以 s 结尾的复数名词的所有格,仍按惯例加“s”*Children?s Day*men?s shoes 4.无生命名词的所有关系用 of*a picture of the classroom 加名词，构成所属关系的短语 *the color of the wall 双重所有格 1.June 1st is _Day.All the Children enjoy it very much.A.Children B.Childrens C.Children s D.Chi

14、ld 2.The two bedroom are the _.A.twins B.twin Cs.twins D.twins 5.如果事物为 2 人或 2 人以上共同所有，在最后一个名词后加-?s;6.如果事物不是 2 人或 2 人共同所有，而是分别有的,则在 2 个名词 后都加-?s 6.Lucy is _ sister.A.Mary and Jack B.Mary s and Jack s C.Mary and Jacks D.Mary and Jack s 7.有些表示时间、距离、国家、城市、团体的等无生 命的东西，也可以加-,s 构成所有格 重难点突破 8.It s _from our

15、 school to my home.A.ten minutes walkB.ten minute s walk C.ten minute walk D.ten minutes walk 1 XX 的省会 the capital of Guangdong 2 教室的门 the doors of the classroom 3 我父亲的一个朋友 a friend of my father?s 4 他的两个兄弟 two brothers of his 5 爱迪生的一些发明 some inventions of Edison?s 6 他弟弟的一 X 照片(照片属于他弟弟 )a picture of

16、his brother?s 7 他弟弟的一 X 照片(照片里的人是他弟弟 )a picture of his brother 名词的用法 1.修饰另一名词时,一般用单数 *There are three banana trees over there.2.man woman 用做定语时 ,应与后面的名词保持数的一致 *We need a man teacher.*They are all women workers.3.sports,clothes做定语时,仍用复数形式 *a sports star*a clothes shop 小组讨论以下练习的答案并说明其原因 1.Our hospital

17、 needs two_doctors,Mrs.Li.You can ask your son to have a try.A.women C.woman B.man D.men 小组讨论以下练习的答案并说明其原因 1.Our hospital needs two_doctors,Mrs.Li.You can ask your son to have a try.A.women C.woman B.man D.men 名词所有格的几个注意点可用名词所有格表示地点 ,地点名词习惯上省略 *my aunt?s(home）(我姑姑家）*go to the teachers?(office）(去老师办公

18、室）1.Could you please get me some _?I m hungry.A.apple B.water C.bread D.egg 2.Something is wrong with my_.I can t see anything around me.A.nose B.ears C.eyes D.mouth 3.Mr.White has a beautiful garden with many _ in it.A.flowers B.grass C.villages D.water 4.-How far is your cousin s home from here?-It s about two _ drive.A.hour s B.hours C.hours D.hour 5.Yao Ming did a good job in the basketball match yesterday.He is my favorite _ A.worker B.teacher C.dancer D.player 6.All the _ teachers enjoyed themselves on March 8th，because it was their own holiday.A man B.men C.woman D.women