(新课标)2020高考英语一轮总复习第1部分Book5Unit3Scienceandnature课后.pdf

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1、Book 5 Unit 3 Science and nature 阅读理解组块练.阅读理解 A（山西省太原市 2018 届高三第二次模拟考试）Located in Los Angeles，University of Southern California is in the heart of a leading city.Although LA ranks highly in The Economists Safe Cities Index,navigating and city calls for certain safety precautions（预防措施)along with prac

2、ticing common sense。Mobile Safety App Powered by LiveSafe The Mobile Safety App powered by LiveSafe，manage by the USC Department of Public Safety and the USC Department of Emergency Planning，is a free downloadable app that mobile users can use to initiate contact with emergency responders around the

3、 campus.Features include:immediate“push button calls to DPS，easy reporting for suspicious activity or crimes in progress,and location services to notify friends of your route through campus.Blue Light Phone Locations The University Park has multiple blue light phones that are strategically placed th

4、roughout campus.Take note of where the closest ones are on your route。They come in handy in case you lose your phone or in an emergency.These phones are directly connected to USCs Department of Public Safetys 24 hour communications center.Besides emergency needs，it can also be used to report suspici

5、ous activity,request for an escort(护送）if you feel unsafe and to report a crime。Trojans Alert Trojans Alert is an emergency notification system that allows university officials to contact you during an emergency by sending messages via text message or e mail。When an emergency occurs，authorized USC se

6、nders will instantly notify you with real.time updates,instructions on where to go，what to do（or what not to do）,whom to contact and other important information.All members of the USC community,as well as parents and regular visitors to campus，are strongly encouraged to sign up for Trojans Alert.1Wh

7、at do blue light phones do for students?AGuide students through campus。BAlert students to crime activities.CLight up the way if students feel unsafe。DConnect them with the safety department.2How does USC send out instructions during an emergency?AWith blue light phones.BVia text message or e。mail。CT

8、hrough mobile safe app。DBy calling all USC members。3What is the purpose of the text？ATo encourage students to fight crimes.BTo introduce USCs safety department.CTo provide safety services for USC students.DTo inform parents of safety risks on campus。【答案与解析】1D 细节推理题。根据 Blue Light Phone Locations 中第四句

9、可知,这些手机直接连接到南加州大学公共安全部门的 24 小时通讯中心，故选 D.2B 细节推理题。根据 Trojans Alert 中第一句可知，Trojans Alert 是一个紧急通知系统,在紧急情况下通过短信或电子邮件发出指令,故选 B.3C 推理判断题。根据第一段和下文的安全服务措施的具体介绍可知，本文的目的是介绍大学为学生们提供的安全服务,故选 C.B（2018 云南质检)In a science fiction future,well arrive at the hotel in our driverless taxi，check in at the reception desk

10、staffed by androids，and then follow the robot porter(行李员）as it carries our bags to our room.However，this is already a science fact.Robots are already working in some hotelsthe Henn.na Hotel in Sasebo，Japan is manned entirely by machines。In a Marriott hotel in Ghent,Belgium，a humanoid robot named Mar

11、io has been working since June 2015。He welcomes guests in 19 languages。Another robot has just taken up a concierge(接待员)position at a Hilton McLean hotel in Virginia。So the rise of the hotel machines seems unstoppable，but will guests really want to stay in robot。run hotels？And will it come at the cos

12、t of human interaction and human jobs？US。online booking company Travelzoo gathered some statistics.Of the 6，000 travelers surveyed globally，nearly two thirds said theyd be comfortable with the idea of being looked after by machines.Richard Singer，Travelzoos European president,says he welcomes the da

13、y when apps and machines will get us from lobbies（大堂）to rooms.But how to stop a robot stealing your job?“A lot of jobs considered non automatable in the past are now automatable，”said Carl Benedikt Frey from University of Oxford，an expert on technology and employment.But Frey says its still too earl

14、y to say what effect robots will have on employment levels.In other words,even though robots may soon be checking us in，thats no excuse for us to be out。4Three hotels are mentioned in the text to show that _。Arobots are already working in hotels in reality Bmany common jobs can be done by robots Cro

15、bots can really help people check into hotels Dthere are now some restaurants run by robots 5The company Travelzoo found out that _。Arobots will put hotel employees out of work Brobots still have a long way to go to replace humans Cthe hotel robots are mostly well。received Dsome hotel jobs can be au

16、tomatable 6What is Richard Singers attitude towards using robots in hotels?ADoubtful。BPositive.CNegative.DCautious.7Which of the following can be the best title of the text?AJapan Opens Worlds First Robot Hotel BOur Next Hotel Will Be Staffed by Robots CHow to Compete with Robots for a Job DHow Gues

17、ts React to Robot Service【答案与解析】4A 写作意图题。根据第三段并结合文中介绍的三个由机器人提供服务的宾馆可以判断，文中提及这三个宾馆是为了说明在现实中,机器人已经在宾馆工作了,故 A 项正确。5C 推理判断题。根据第七段可知，有近三分之二的客户认为由机器人照顾他们是舒适的；据此可知，Travelzoo 公司的调查结果是在宾馆工作的机器人得到了大部分顾客的好评，故 C 项正确。6B 推理判断题。根据第八段可知,Richard Singer 欢迎机器人取代人的工作；据此可以判断，Richard Singer 对宾馆机器人持积极的态度，故 B 项正确。7B 标题归纳题.

18、通读全文可知，本文首段通过介绍科幻小说中提及的在宾馆服务的机器人来引出本文的话题；接着介绍在现实生活中已经有三个宾馆使用了机器人；最后介绍对宾馆机器人服务的评价及其优点；据此可以判断,B 项最适合作本文标题。C A family watching a dolphin from their boat were shocked when it dropped them off a cod(鳕鱼)supper for dinner.The group were enjoying watching the mammal playing in the water when it suddenly div

19、ed down and caught the cod before placing it near to Lucy Watkins,14.The dolphin then appeared and began pulling the fish towards the stunned teenager.Lucy and her grandparents wondered whether they should pick up the fish in case the dolphin wanted it for tea.But the dolphin then appeared seconds l

20、ater with his own fish，this time a seabass（石斑鱼）,and began eating.The family gratefully accepted the cod，which weighed about 101bs，before taking it home to cook for their dinner。Lucy said，“He definitely wanted me to have his fish.He first dropped it 20 feet away but then pushed it to within 5 feet of

21、 my boat。Everyone was watching on the beach and we caused quite a stir(震动)when we came back with the cod.Grandmother Nina added，“It was as if he was saying to Lucy Dont worry,now Ive got a fish to play with and so have you。This is mine for my tea；you have that one for yours.”“He was just so playful

22、and content to be around us。Lucy was swinging her fingers in the water and he seemed to be attracted by that.”“If I hadnt seen it myself Id never have believed it.My theory is that he was lonely and wanted human company。He was with us for about two hours。”“It seemed rude to refuse him so we took the

23、 fish and had cod and chips for supper.It was massive.Ive still got half in the freezer。”A spokesman said，“This is a very interesting account。There are many examples worldwide of dolphins interacting with humans。We would appeal to people to leave living space for them.”8Why did Lucy and her grandpar

24、ents wonder whether to pick up the fish？ABecause they were afraid to accept the fish.BBecause they were not sure whether the fish was the gift to them.CBecause the fish was too big。DBecause they were very grateful。9In Paragraph 3,the underlined word“stunnedcan be replaced by“_ Aastonished Bupset Cdi

25、sappointed Dworried 10From what can Lucy Watkins believe the fish was the gift to her？A.There are many examples worldwide of dolphins interacting with humans.BEveryone was watching on the beach.CThe dolphin first dropped but then pushed it near their boat。DThe dolphin likes to play with her.11Accord

26、ing to the passage，we can infer that_.ALucys swinging her fingers in the water frightened the dolphin away BGrandmother Nina had never believed this Cthe fish is not delicious so they got half in the freezer Da spokesman suggested that dolphins should have their living space【答案与解析】8B 推理判断题。由第三段 in c

27、ase the dolphin wanted it for tea 可知,他们不确定这是不是海豚专门送给他们的礼物，故选 B。9A 词义猜测题.由语境可知海豚把鱼推给露西,这应使她感到非常的惊讶.10C 根据第五段 He first dropped it 20 feet away but then pushed it可知 C 为正确选项.11D 推理判断题。根据最后一段 leave living space for them 可知，人们应该让海豚有自己的生活空间。D（安徽省江淮十校 2018 届高三 4 月第三次联考)China became the first country to clon

28、e a monkey using non.reproductive cells,scientists said on Thursday.By December 2017,the Chinese Academy of Sciences had created two clone macaques(猕猴）named“Zhong Zhong”and“Hua Huaby nuclear transferring of body cellsany cell in the organism other than reproductive cells。This was the similar technol

29、ogy used to create the famous clone sheep Dolly in 1996。Telra，a monkey born in 1999，is the worlds first ever。cloned monkey,but it was done using a simpler method called embryo splitting（胚胎 分裂），and cannot be genetically modified to suit experimental needs,said Pu Muming,a leading researcher at the Ch

30、inese Academy of Sciences.“Cloning a monkey using body cells has been a world.class challenge because it is a primate(灵长类)that shares its genetic makeup,therefore all of its complexity,with humans，”he said。“For drug and other lab tests，scientists have to purchase monkeys from all over the world，whic

31、h is costly，bad for the environment and produces inaccurate results because each monkey might have different genes，”Pu said。“By cloning monkey using body cells,we can mass reproduce a large number of genetically identical monkeys in a short amount of time，and we can even change their genes to suit o

32、ur needs，he added.“This can save time，cut down experiment costs，and produce more accurate results,leading to more effective medicine.”Sun Qiang,director of the non.human primate research facility at the institute，said most of the drug trials are currently done on lab mice.However,drugs that work on

33、mice might not work or even have severe side effects on humans because the two species are so different.Monkeys and humans are both primates，so they are much closely related and testing on monkeys is supposed to be as effective as testing on humans.This achievement will help China lead the world res

34、earch in an international science project related to study of primate brains.12Which description of the two clone macaques is true？AThey were the first monkeys ever.cloned in the world。BThey were created using reproductive cells。CThey would be fed to suit experimental needs.DThe technology used to c

35、reate them was similar to that of creating Dolly.13The underlined word in the fourth paragraph is closest to“_”in meaning。Asame Bsimilar Crelevant Dclose 14What can be learned from the passage？APu Muming and Sun Qiang were doing most work in cloning the two macaques。BGenetic research on monkeys can

36、be seen as effective as that on humans。CMost drug trials have been done on mice because mice share the same genetic makeup and complexity with humans.DScientists can mass reproduce cloned monkeys to cut down experiment costs.15This passage above can be most probably read in _.Aa science magazine Ba

37、guidebook Ca science fiction Da brochure【答案与解析】12D 细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句可知，克隆猕猴使用的技术与著名的克隆羊多利使用的技术是相似的。故选 D。13A 词义猜测题。根据画线句中提到的 reproduce以及下文中的 we can even change their genes to suit our needs 可推断，通过用身体细胞克隆猴子,我们可以在很短的时间里克隆大量基因相同的猴子，甚至改变他们的基因满足我们的要求。因此推断画线词词义与 A项“same”相同。14B 推理判断题。根据倒数第一段第一句可知,猴子和人都是灵长类,他们

38、关系密切，因此对于猴子的基因研究与对人类的研究一样有效。故选 B.15A 推理判断题。纵观全文可知，本文主要讲述克隆技术方面的研究成果，中国成功用非生殖细胞克隆出猕猴。因此推断文章很可能在科技杂志上读到。故选 A。.七选五 Evaluating Sources（来源）of Health Information Making good choices about your own health requires reasonable evaluation.A key first step in bettering your evaluation ability is to look carefu

39、lly at your sources of health information。Reasonable evaluation includes knowing where and how to find relevant information，how to separate fact from opinion，how to recognize poor reasoning,and how to analyze information and the reliability of sources.1 Go to the original source.Media reports often

40、simplify the results of medical research.Find out for yourself what a study really reported,and determine whether it was based on good science。Think about the type of study。2 Watch for misleading language。Some studies will find that a behavior“contributes to or is“associated with”an outcome；this doe

41、s not mean that a certain course must lead to a certain result。3 Carefully read or listen to information in order to fully understand it.Use your common sense.If a report seems too good to be true，probably it is。Be especially careful of information contained in advertisements.4 Evaluate“scientific”s

42、tatements carefully，and be aware of quackery（江湖骗术)5 Friends and family members can be a great source of ideas and inspiration，but each of us needs to find a healthy lifestyle that works for us.Developing the ability to evaluate reasonably and independently about health problems will serve you well t

43、hroughout your life.AMake choices that are right for you.BThe goal of an ad is to sell you something.CBe sure to work through the critical questions。DAnd examine the findings of the original research.EDistinguish between research reports and public health advice。FBe aware that information may also b

44、e incorrectly explained by an authors point of view.GThe following suggestions can help you sort through the health information you receive from common sources。【答案】15 GDFBA 语言知识运用组块练 。完形填空 Things have been kind of tough lately for Shannon Baker and her little family。They have each others parents and

45、 their young daughter and for that they are_1_。But she and her husband are both _2_ currently。And their car is in great need of_3_.And then there is the matter of their second child,who is_4_soon.So things are a little tense for the Baker family these days.When Shannon and her daughter were walking

46、through a store_5_lot recently，Shannon picked up an envelope from the ground that_6_$4,000 in cash。There were a_7_of different explanations that could be considered.Was this a kind of good_8_？Could it be an attempt by the universe to balance everything?Could it be simply a gift from God？Shannon didn

47、t know。The only thing she knew was that the cash in that envelope_9_to someone else.Oh,and one other thing she knew：Her young daughter was_10_.“My kid was standing right there_11_I found it，”Shannon told WLS.TV in Chicago。“So basically I wanted to teach my daughter how to be_12_.And for me that was

48、enough.”Never mind the bills that were_13_,or the car that needed to be fixed，or the baby that would come soon。And forget that when she_14_the money over to the police she was told that there was actually nothing illegal if she_15_it.The police were able to return the money to the person who_16_it：a

49、n old woman.And one can imagine the_17_and relief she felt when the police handed the lost envelope back to her。“She came to my house and she was almost in tears，_18_me,”Shannon said.“She gave me a hug and an envelope with a small_19_of money in it。But the amount,large or small，wasnt_20_。What was im

50、portant was the opportunity to teach my daughter honesty。”1A.restricted Bgrateful Csensitive Dupset 2A。disappointed Bappreciated Cunemployed Dremoved 3A.cash Bprotection Crepair Dsale 4A.sick Bdue Cdesperate Ddull 5A。parking Bgathering Ccleaning Dbegging 6A.participated Bcontained Ccharged Dpaid 7A。