2022-2023年高中英语知识汇总大全.pdf

《2022-2023年高中英语知识汇总大全.pdf》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《2022-2023年高中英语知识汇总大全.pdf（25页珍藏版）》请在淘文阁 - 分享文档赚钱的网站上搜索。

1、1 2022-2023 年高中英语知识汇总大全 单选题(经典例题高频考点-名师出品必属精品)1、When you drive and see this sign,you can only _.Aturn rightBturn leftCturn round 答案：B 解析：考查细节理解。句意：当你开车看到这个标志时，你只能_。A.右转；B.左转；C.转身。图中单词 only：仅仅、只能；旁边箭头指向左，意思是只能左转。故选 B。2、I recommend you _ basketball in the street.Anot to playBplayingCwould playDto play

2、 答案：A 解析：考查动词不定式。句意：我建议你不要在街上打篮球。recommend sb.to do sth.建议某人做某事，固定搭配，其否定形式为 recommend sb.not to do sth.“建议某人不要做某事”；结合常识可知，一般不建议在街上打篮球，所以此处需用动词不定式的否定形式作宾语补足语。故选 A。3、In the 1990s,most families had just one phone at home,and wireless phones_yet.Ahavent inventedBhavent been invented 2 Chadnt inventedDha

3、dnt been invented 答案：D 解析：考查时态和语态。句意：在 20 世纪 90 年代，多数家庭仅有一部座机电话，无线手机还没有被发明出来。根据In the 1990s 和 yet 可知空格处表达：过去的过去，要用过去完成时；且空格处的动作与主语 wireless phones是被动关系，因此空格处要用过去完成时的被动语态。故选 D。4、Most vegetables we buy in winter are planted in the _.ApackageBcreditCarrangementDgreenhouse 答案：D 解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们冬天买的大部分蔬

4、菜都种在温室里。A.package 包裹；B.credit 信用，学分，赞扬；C.arrangement 安排；D.greenhouse 温室。根据常识可知，冬天买的蔬菜大部分是生长在温室里的。故选 D。5、I was sent to the village last month to see how the plan _ in the past two years.Awould be carried outBwas carried out Chad been carried outDis being carried out 答案：C 解析：考查动词时态和语态。句意：上个月我被派到村里去看看过

5、去两年的计划是如何实施的。分析句子可知，空处缺少 see 的宾语从句的谓语，根据 in the past two years 可知，从句用完成时态，又根据 was sent 可知，“实施计划”在“被派去”之前完成，用过去完成时，且 plan（计划）与 carry out（执行）构成逻辑上的被动关系，用过去完成时的被动语态（had been done）。故选 C 项。3 6、Must I finish the paper today?No,you _.AmustBneedCcouldntDdont have to 答案：D 解析：考查情态动词。句意：我今天必须得完成论文吗？不，你不必。A.mus

6、t 必须；B.need 需要；C.couldnt 不能；D.dont have to 不必。根据回答 No 可知，此处表示“不必”，故用 dont have to 或 neednt，故选 D。7、Dunhuang Caves,which are ancient treasures in the Gobi desert in a _ part of Northwest China,are filled with invaluable artworks.AtropicalBdeadlyCdynamicDremote 答案：D 解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意：敦煌莫高窟是中国西北偏远地区戈壁沙漠中的

7、古代珍宝，里面收藏着许多无价的艺术品。A.tropical 热带的；B.deadly 致命的；C.dynamic 充满活力的；D.remote 偏远的。根据语意可知，敦煌莫高窟位于中国西北戈壁沙漠之中，地理位置非常偏远。故选 D 项。8、The voyages of travelers before the 17th century show that they were not _ the sea even though they didnt have modern navigational(航海的)aids.Aat the expense ofBat the risk ofCin the

8、way ofDat the mercy of 答案：D 解析：考查固定短语辨析。句意：17 世纪以前的旅行者的航行表明，即使他们没有现代的导航设备，他们也不受大海4 的摆布。A.at the expense of 以为代价；B.at the risk of 冒着的危险；C.in the way of 妨碍；D.at the mercy of 受支配。根据后文“even though they didnt have modern navigational(航海的)aids”可知，指没有现代的导航设备，也不受大海的摆布。故选 D。9、What is his suggestion?Try to gu

9、ess the meaning of it whenever you _ a new word in reading.Acome inBcome atCcome acrossDcome about 答案：C 解析：考查动词短语辨析。句意：他的建议是什么？当你在阅读中遇到生词时，试着猜测它的意思。A.come in 进来；B.come at 袭击；C.come across 偶然遇见；D.come about 产生。根据后文“a new word in reading”指遇到生词，应用 come across。故选 C。10、Philosophers _back to Plato and the

10、 Ancient Greeks have given the area much thought and emphasis,and there is little doubt _their work has helped shape the practice of education over the millennia.Adated,thatBdating,whetherCdating,thatDdated,whether 答案：C 解析：考查非谓语动词和同位语从句。句意：追溯到柏拉图和古希腊的哲学家们对这一领域给予了大量的思考和重视，毫无疑问，他们的工作帮助塑造了数千年来的教育实践。分析句

11、子可知，“_back to Plato and the Ancient Greeks”作后置定语，修饰 Philosophers，date back to“追溯到”无被动式，故 date 用现在分词形式，空格引导同位语从句，解释说明 doubt，doubt 后可接 that 或 if 或者 whether 引导的同位语从句，that 从句一般用于否定句或疑问句中，if 或者 whether 从句一般用于肯定句中，little 表示否定，故此处用 that 引导同位语从句。故选 C。小提示：5 11、My advice is _ he _ to go abroad for further edu

12、cation.Athat,choosesBthat,choseCthat,chooseDwhat,should choose 答案：C 解析：考查表语从句和虚拟语气。句意：我的建议是他应该选择出国深造。chooses 选择；第一个设空处引导表语从句，从句不缺成份，应用只起连接作用的 that；在 advice 后的表语从句应用虚拟语气，谓语构成是“should+动词原形”should 可省略，故第二个设空处应为(should)choose。故选 C。12、Professor James will gave us a lecture on the Western culture,but when

13、 and where _ yet.Ahasnt been decidedBhavent been decided Cisnt being decidedDarent being decided 答案：A 解析：考查时态和主谓一致。句意：詹姆斯威尔教授给我们作了一次关于西方文化的讲座，但何时何地还没有决定。句子的主语是 when and where 指一件事情的两个方面，仍然使用单数形式；根据 yet 说明使用现在完成时，助动词用 has。故选 A 项。13、Harry is feeling uncomfortable.He _ too much at the party last night.

14、Ahas to drinkBmust have drunk Ccould be drunkDneeds to drink 答案：B 解析：考查 must have done 的用法。句意：Harry 感到不舒服。他昨晚一定是在聚会上喝多了。A.has to drink 必须6 喝；B.must have drunk 一定喝了；C.could be drunk 可能被喝；D.needs to drink 需要喝。结合“Harry is feeling uncomfortable.”及句末的 last night 可知，此处是对过去肯定的推测，must have done 肯定做了某事，符合题意。

15、故选 B 项。14、I _ him since I began to live in the city.AknowBhave knownCknewDwill know 答案：B 解析：考查时态和主谓一致。句意：自从我开始住在这个城市，我就认识他了。由 since 从句用一般过去时可知，主句时态是现在完成时，主语 I 是第一人称，因此空格处是 have known，故选 B。15、In 1931,Addams became the first American woman_ the Nobel Prize.AwinningBwonCto winDhas won 答案：C 解析：考查动词不定式。句

16、意：1931 年，Addams 成为第一位获得诺贝尔奖的美国女性。分析句子结构可知，本句已有谓语动词 became，且空处没有连词，所以空处需用非谓语动词；由空前序数词 first 可知，空处需用动词不定式作后置定语。故选 C。16、The police officers in our city work hard _ the rest of us can live a safe life.Ain caseBas ifCin order thatDeven if 答案：C 解析：考查连词词义辨析。句意：我们城市的警察努力工作，为了让我们其他人能过上安全的生活。A.in case 以防；B.as

17、 if 好像；C.in order that 为了；D.even if 即使。根据“The police officers in our city work hard”可知，这里7 是由 in order that 引导的目的状语从句，表示警察努力工作的目的是让我们能过上安全的生活。故选 C。17、The little Tom in the front seat _ the toy tiger was real and giving it a voice.Ais pretendingBpretendedCpretendingDwas pretending 答案：D 解析：考查动词时态。句意：前

18、座的小汤姆假装玩具老虎是真的，并给它说话。分析句子结构可知，the toy tiger was real 为省略了 that 的宾语从句，空处缺少谓语动词，排除 C 项，结合 and 后面的 giving 和“was”可知，使用过去进行时。故选 D。18、The United Nations shows great concern to the disaster,at _ request international aid organizations are rushing to the stricken district.AwhichBthatCwhatDwhose 答案：D 解析：考查定语

19、从句。句意：联合国对这场灾难表现出极大的关注，应其请求，国际援助组织正赶往受灾地区。分析句子结构，空处引导定语从句，先行词 The United Nations，在定语从句中作定语，修饰名词 request，需用关系代词 whose 引导。故选 D。19、The maths homework looks easy.以上句子中 The maths homework 的成分是:A主语 B谓语 C宾语 D状语 答案：A 解析：考查句子结构。句意：数学作业看起来很简单。The maths homework 为主语，谓语动词为系动词 looks，easy为表语，所以本句为主系表结构。故选 A。8 20、

20、After living in Paris for fifty years he returned to the small town _ he was born.AwhichBwhenCthatDwhere 答案：D 解析：考查定语从句。句意：在巴黎生活了五十年之后，他回到了他出生的那个小镇。此处是限定性定语从句修饰先行词 the small town，先行词从句中作地点状语，应使用关系副词 where 引导。故选 D。21、Can you tell me how many athletes will _ in the Olympic Games?AtapBcompeteCcarveDgra

21、duate 答案：B 解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：你能告诉我将会有多少运动员参加奥运会吗？A.tap 轻敲；B.compete 参加比赛；C.carve 雕刻；D.graduate 获得学位。根据句子结构和意思可知，这里是动词作从句谓语，需要“参加比赛”的意思，在情态动词 will 后面，要用动词原形。故选 B。22、Public schools in the United States have to be neutral about religion _ they close for holidays like Christmas.Ain caseBas ifCin thatDeven

22、though 答案：D 解析：考查让步状语从句。句意：美国的公立学校必须在宗教问题上保持中立，即使他们会在圣诞节这样的节日关闭。A.in case 以防；B.as if 似乎；好像；C.in that 因为；D.even though 即使。结合句意可知，学校在像圣诞节这样的节日会停课，美国必须对宗教保持中立。所以空白处与前文为让步关系，选项 D 符合题意，故选 D。23、When kids are struggling with subjects like reading or math,schools may provide teaching_,a specific 9 program t

23、o address academic needs.AcomparisonBaccumulationCinterventionDconservation 答案：C 解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：当孩子们在阅读或数学等科目上遇到困难时，学校可能会提供教学干预，这是一个针对学业需求的特定项目。A.comparison 对比；B.accumulation 积累；C.intervention 干预；D.conservation保护。由“When kids are struggling with subjects like reading or math”可知，句子表示“当孩子们在阅读或数学等科目上遇到困

24、难时，学校可能会提供教学干预”，空格处意为“干预”，故选 C。24、The company plans to _ TV reality shows as part of its marketing strategy to capture public attention.AsponsorBstabilizeCdominateDsubscribe 答案：A 解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：该公司计划赞助电视真人秀节目，作为其营销策略的一部分，以吸引公众的注意力。A.sponsor 赞助（活动、节目等）；B.stabilize 稳定；C.dominate 支配；D.subscribe 订阅。根据句意

25、可知，公司应该是赞助电视真人秀节目，以此来吸引公众的注意力，“sponsor”意为“赞助（活动、节目等）”，动词词性，符合句意。故选 A 项。25、What do you think of rock and roll?_,but I prefer classical music.ANot too badBI have no ideaCTerrificDTerrible 答案：A 解析：考查情景交际。句意：你觉得摇滚乐怎么样？还不错，但我更喜欢古典音乐。A.Not too bad 还不错；10 B.I have no idea 不知道；C.Terrific 极好的；D.Terrible 很糟糕。

26、根据后文“but I prefer classical music”可知回答者更喜欢古典音乐，but 表示转折，说明对摇滚乐的评价不好不坏。故选 A。根据首字母填写单词(经典例题高频考点-名师出品必属精品)26、So p_ is time that no one can afford to waste it.(根据首字母单词拼写)答案：precious#recious 解析：考查形容词。句意：时间是如此珍贵，我们经不起浪费它。So+形容词+be+主语+that+句子，一种倒装结构，表示“如此以致于”。根据首字母提示及句意，形容词作表语，故填 precious。27、She was seriou

27、sly injured in the traffic accident so she would take nearly a year to r_ from it.（根据首字母单词拼写）答案：recover#ecover 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：她在那次交通事故中受了重伤，所以她需要将近一年的时间才能康复。根据句意及首字母提示，可知为 recover，设空处在句中作非谓语，固定句型 sb takes some time to do sth 某人花费一段时间去做某事。结合空前的 to，可知设空处应为动词原形的形式。故填 recover。28、O_,the earth is warming a

28、t a rapid pace.(根据首字母单词拼写)答案：Overall#verall 解析：考查副词。句意：总的来说，地球正在快速变暖。根据句意“总的来说”和首字母提示“O”可知，此处为副词overall 作状语，修饰整个句子，位于句首，首字母需大写。故填 Overall。29、They didnt a_ seeing such an open country,and were truly amazed.(根据首字母单词拼写)答案：anticipate#nticipate 11 解析：考查动词。句意：他们没有预料会看到这样一片开阔的土地，非常惊讶。根据单词首字母以及句意“预料”可知应填动词

29、anticipate，作谓语，此处为否定陈述句，应填动词原形。故填 anticipate。30、At first,Xie Lei had to a_ to life in a different country.(根据首字母单词拼写)答案：adapt#dapt 解析：考查动词。句意：起初，谢磊不得不适应另一个国家的生活。adapt to 适应。have to do sth。不得不做某事。根据首字母提示及句意，故填 adapt。31、Traditionally,Thanksgiving was a chance to give thanks for a good h_.（n.the time o

30、f year when the crops are gathered in on a farm）(根据首字母单词拼写)答案：harvest#arvest 解析：考查名词。句意：传统上，感恩节是一个感谢丰收的机会。“the time of year when the crops are gathered in on a farm”意为“庄稼收割的季节”，因此空格处意为“收获”，由首字母提示 h 可知，是 harvest，空格前有 a，因此空格处用单数，故填 harvest。32、What he did actually d_ from tradition,which made his paren

31、ts quite annoyed.(根据首字母单词拼写)答案：departed#eparted 解析：考查动词。句意：他的做法实际上背离了传统，这使他的父母很恼火。depart from 为固定短语，意为“背离”，根据句中时态可知，用一般过去时。结合首字母提示及句意，故填 departed。33、In addition,studies show that c_ eating habits,for example,taking three meals a day at the same time each day,are better for our health.(根据首字母单词拼写)12 答

32、案：consistent#onsistent 解析：考查形容词。句意：此外，研究表明稳定的饮食习惯，比如每天 3 顿饭在同一时间吃，对我们的健康更好。根据句子结构和意思可知，这里考查形容词表示“稳定的”意思，做定语，修饰后面的名词 eating habits。故填consistent。34、Finally,it should be pointed out that enjoying the c_ of a crowd is not the same as being with friends.（根据首字母单词拼写）答案：company#ompany 解析：考查名词。句意：最后，应该指出的是，享

33、受人群的陪伴并不等同于与朋友在一起。根据首字母提示，结合句意，可知此处表达“陪伴”，作动词 enjoy 的宾语，用名词形式。company 陪伴，符合题意。故填 company。35、Eating too many sweets just before dinner will surely decrease your a_.（根据首字母单词拼写）答案：appetite#ppetite 解析：考查名词作宾语。句意：晚餐前吃太多甜食肯定会降低你的食欲。根据首字母提示及句意可知，此处意为“食欲”；设空前为形容词性物主代词 your，所以此处填名词 appetite，故填 appetite。36、Ya

34、ngtze River Dolphin and Koala are endangered s_ and we must do something to help our friends.（根据首字母单词拼写）答案：species#pecies 解析：考查名词。句意：长江江豚和考拉是濒危物种，我们必须做些什么来帮助我们的朋友。结合句意和首字母提示可知，名词 species“物种”符合题意。故填 species。13 37、Chinese c_ are not only a writing system but also an art of calligraphy.（根据首字母单词拼写）答案：ch

35、aracters#haracters 解析：考查名词。句意：汉字不仅是一种书写系统，也是一种书法艺术。根据句意和首字母提示可知，名词character“文字”符合题意，作主语，谓语动词 are 提示用其复数形式。故填 characters。小提示：38、In my view,the best a _ to taking exercise in the morning is to go jogging though ways are different.（根据首字母单词拼写）答案：approach#pproach 解析：考查名词。句意：在我看来，尽管方法不同，早上锻炼的最好方法是慢跑。根据句意可

36、知，慢跑是早上锻炼的最好方法，a 开头的名词为 approach（方法），根据 the best 及 is 可知，用名词单数作句子主语。故填approach。39、The hotel c_ our reservations(预定)by email.(根据首字母单词拼写)答案：confirmed#onfirmed 解析：考查动词和时态。句意：酒店通过电子邮件确认了我们的预订。根据单词首字母以及句意“确认”可知，空格处涉及单词“confirm”，意为“确认”，动词词性，根据句意可知，句子陈述的是过去发生的事，为一般过去时，动词要用过去式，“confirm”的过去式为“confirmed”。故填 c

37、onfirmed。40、It is a_ that the research will have many different practical applications.（根据首字母单词拼写）答案：anticipated#nticipated 解析：14 考查动词。句意：预计该研究将有许多不同的实际应用。根据单词首字母以及句意“预计”可知应填动词anticipate，句型 It is anticipated that 表示“预计”。故填 anticipated。41、Are theatres on the way out with its powerful e_ rival(劲敌):TV

38、and film productions?(n.Things such as screen and stage shows intended to interest the audience.)（根据首字母单词拼写）答案：entertainment#ntertainment 解析：考查名词。句意：电影院是否正在与它强大的娱乐竞争对手电视和电影制作一起走向灭亡？根据括号中的单词释义“n.Things such as screen and stage shows intended to interest the audience.(名词，例如屏幕和舞台表演，意在引起观众的兴趣。)”和首字母可知，此

39、处表示“娱乐”，应用名词 entertainment，entertainment 如果指笼统或抽象的“娱乐”时，为不可数名词，由句意可知，此处指的是笼统的“娱乐”，所以 entertainment 为不可数名词，做定语，故填 entertainment。42、I have been using my phone for almost ten years.Since the new iPhone comes out,Im thinking about saving some money to r_ it with a new one.(根据首字母提示单词拼写)答案：replace#eplace

40、解析：考查动词。句意：我用手机已经快十年了。自从新款 iPhone 上市以来，我就在考虑省钱买个新的。根据单词首字母以及句意可知应填动词 replace，此处为不定式作目的状语。故填 replace。43、As midnight a_,Luo Yan takes his parents,wife and son outside to set off firecrackers.(根据首字母单词拼写)答案：approaches#pproaches 解析：考查时态和主谓一致。句意：临近午夜，罗岩带着父母、妻子和儿子到外面放鞭炮。根据主句谓语 takes 可知，用一般现在时。主语为 midnight，

41、所以谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。结合首字母提示及句意，故填15 approaches。44、A committee was established to limit damage to the Egyptian buildings and p_ the loss of cultural relics.(根据首字母单词拼写)答案：prevent#revent 解析：考查动词。句意：成立了一个委员会，以限制对埃及建筑的破坏和预防文物的流失。句意和首字母提示，应填动词 prevent“预防；阻止”，分析句子可知，不定式作目的状与，and 连接两个不定式，第二个不定式省略不定式符号，可知此处要用动词原

42、形。故填 prevent。小提示：45、I feel that airlines should not allow new-born babies a_ their long distance flights.答案：aboard#board 解析：考查副词。句意：我认为航空公司不应该允许新生儿乘坐长途航班。此处考查“在飞机上；在船上；在火车上”之意，故填 aboard。书信写作(经典例题高频考点-名师出品必属精品)46、假设你是光明中学英语俱乐部的负责人李华。俱乐部将举办一个名为“Recommending(推荐)Wonderful English Books”的活动，现向全校英语爱好者征稿，邀

43、请他们推荐英文好书。请根据以下要点，用英语写一则征稿通知。(1)活动目的；(2)稿件要求；(3)投稿方式及截稿日期。注意：16 (1)词数 100 左右；(2)可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。English Club-Notice _ Li Hua(Chairperson,English Club)答案：参考范文 English Club-Notice In order to provide an opportunity for the students to share their English reading experiences and help develop their love

44、 for reading,our club plans to organize an activity called“Recommending Wonderful English Books”.Everyone is welcome to join this activity by recommending one English book which impresses you most.When you write the recommendation,please cover the title,the author,the publisher,a brief introduction

45、to the content and the reason why you choose it.Make sure your recommendation is within 200 words in total.Ifyouareinterested,*before July 20.Looking forward to your active participation!Li Hua(Chairperson,English Club)解析：【导语】17 本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生就“Recommending(推荐)Wonderful English Books”的活动写一篇征稿通知。(1

46、)词汇积累 机会：opportunitychance 增强：develop build up 活动：activityevent 名为：called named(2)句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：In order to provide an opportunity for the students to share their English reading experiences and help develop their love for reading,our club plans to organize an activity called Recommending Wonderfu

47、l English Books”.拓展句：In order to provide an opportunity for the students to share their English reading experiences and help develop their love for reading,our club plans to organize an activity which is called“Recommending Wonderful English Books”.小提示：【高分句型 1】Make sure your recommendation is within

48、 200 words in total.（运用了省略了引导词的宾语从句）【高分句型 2】When you write the recommendation,please cover the title,the author,the publisher,a brief introduction to the content and the reason why you choose it.（运用了 when 引导的状语从句及 why 引导的定语从句）47、假设你是学生李华，你校即将迎来 60 年校庆，在校庆典礼上，你将代表在校学生为广大校友及国际友人致欢迎辞，请为此写一篇英文发言稿，内容包括：(

49、1)表示欢迎；(2)介绍活动安排；(3)表达感谢。18 注意：(1)写作词数应为 80 左右；(2)可适当增加细节，使行文连贯。_ 答案：One possible version:Hello,everyone!I feel greatly honored to stand here to extend my warm welcome to you representing all the students.I believe your visit will promote the development of our school greatly.During your visit,we wi

50、ll show you around the school and school history gallery,which will facilitate your understanding of our school and even evoke some of your joyful memories.We will also take a bite of some distinguished courses together,like career planning.At night,we will enjoy a grand gala,where we can expose our