事理说明文阅读课件高考英语阅读理解命题规律及解题策略.pptx

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1、20222022届高考英语阅读理解命题规律及解题策略 第五第五节节：事理说明文阅读基本概念真题举例写作架构答题策略事理说明文，亦称为议论文的低级模态，主要用于考查理解语篇的科学道理、把握文章逻辑关系及文章架构的能力。当然，根据实际需求可能还会穿插细节信息理解或词义猜测等题型。答题方法和事物说明文相同。一、基本概念一、基本概念主题段支撑段1支撑段2支撑段3提出背景细节理解段落主旨分析概括论据与方法细节理解题取材与架构篇章知识题小结段事理说明文(议论文)书写架构及命题二、写作架构二、写作架构1.WhatarethestatisticsinParagraph2about?A.Foodvariety.

2、B.Eatinghabits.C.Tablemanners.D.Restaurantservice.2.WhydoesBechtelprefertogooutforlunch?A.Tomeetwithhercoworkers.B.Tocatchupwithherwork.C.Tohavesometimeonherown.D.Tocollectdataforherreport.3.WhatdoweknowaboutMazoleny?A.Hemakesvideosforthebar.B.Hesfondofthefoodatthebar.C.Heinterviewscustomersatthebar

3、.D.Hesfamiliarwiththebarkeeper.4.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.Thetrendofhavingmealsalone.B.Theimportanceofself-reflection.C.Thestressfromworkingovertime.D.Theadvantageofwirelesstechnology.MarianBechtelsitsatWestPalmBeachsBarLouiecounterbyherself,quietlyreadinghere-bookasshewaitsforhersalad.Whatisshere

4、ading?Noneofyourbusiness!LunchisBechtels“me”time.AndlikemoreAmericans,shesnotalone.Anewreportfound46percentofmealsareeatenaloneinAmerica.Morethanhalf（53percent）havebreakfastaloneandnearlyhalf（46percent）havelunchbythemselves.Onlyatdinnertimeareweeatingtogetheranymore，74percent，accordingtostatisticsfr

5、omthereport.“Iprefertogooutandbeout.Alone,buttogether,youknow”,Bechtelsaid,lookingupfromherbook.Bechtel,whoworksindowntownWestPalmBeach,haslunchwithcoworkerssometimes,butlikemanyofus,toooftenworksthroughlunchatherdesk.Alunchtimeescapeallowshertokeepabossfromtappingherontheshoulder.Shereturnstoworkfe

6、elingenergized.“Today,Ijustwantedsometimetomyself,”shesaid.Justtwoseatsover,AndrewMazoleny,alocalvideographer,isfinishinghislunchatthebar.Helikesthathecansitandcheckhisphoneinpeaceorchatupthebarkeeperwithwhomhesonafirst-namebasisifhewantstohavealittleinteraction(交流).“Ireflectonhowmydaysgoneandthinka

7、bouttherestoftheweek,”hesaid.“Itsachanceforself-reflection.Youreturntoworkrechargedandwithaplan.”Thatfreedomtochooseisonereasonmorepeopleliketoeatalone.Therewasatimewhenpeoplemayhavefeltawkwardaboutaskingforatableforone,butthosedaysareover.Now,wehaveoursmartphonestokeepuscompanyatthetable.“Itdoesntf

8、eelasaloneasitmayhavebeforealltheadvancesintechnology,”saidLaurieDemerit,whosecompanyprovidedthestatisticsforthereport.2019NMET.II.C三、真题举例三、真题举例1.WhatarethestatisticsinParagraph2about?A.Foodvariety.B.Eatinghabits.C.Tablemanners.D.Restaurantservice.2.WhydoesBechtelprefertogooutforlunch?A.Tomeetwithhe

9、rcoworkers.B.Tocatchupwithherwork.C.Tohavesometimeonherown.D.Tocollectdataforherreport.3.WhatdoweknowaboutMazoleny?A.Hemakesvideosforthebar.B.Hesfondofthefoodatthebar.C.Heinterviewscustomersatthebar.D.Hesfamiliarwiththebarkeeper.4.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.Thetrendofhavingmealsalone.B.Theimportance

10、ofself-reflection.C.Thestressfromworkingovertime.D.Theadvantageofwirelesstechnology.MarianBechtelsitsatWestPalmBeachsBarLouiecounterbyherself,quietlyreadinghere-bookasshewaitsforhersalad.Whatisshereading?Noneofyourbusiness!LunchisBechtels“me”time.AndlikemoreAmericans,shesnotalone.Anewreportfound46pe

11、rcentofmealsareeatenaloneinAmerica.Morethanhalf（53percent）havebreakfastaloneandnearlyhalf（46percent）havelunchbythemselves.Onlyatdinnertimeareweeatingtogetheranymore，74percent，accordingtostatisticsfromthereport.“Iprefertogooutandbeout.Alone,buttogether,youknow”,Bechtelsaid,lookingupfromherbook.Bechte

12、l,whoworksindowntownWestPalmBeach,haslunchwithcoworkerssometimes,butlikemanyofus,toooftenworksthroughlunchatherdesk.Alunchtimeescapeallowshertokeepabossfromtappingherontheshoulder.Shereturnstoworkfeelingenergized.“Today,Ijustwantedsometimetomyself,”shesaid.Justtwoseatsover,AndrewMazoleny,alocalvideo

13、grapher,isfinishinghislunchatthebar.Helikesthathecansitandcheckhisphoneinpeaceorchatupthebarkeeper with whom hes on a first-name basis if he wants to have a littleinteraction(交流).“Ireflectonhowmydaysgoneandthinkabouttherestoftheweek,”hesaid.“Itsachanceforself-reflection.Youreturntoworkrechargedandwi

14、thaplan.”Thatfreedomtochooseisonereasonmorepeopleliketoeatalone.Therewasatimewhenpeoplemayhavefeltawkwardaboutaskingforatableforone,butthosedaysareover.Now,wehaveoursmartphonestokeepuscompanyatthetable.“It doesnt feel as alone as it may have before all the advances intechnology,”saidLaurieDemerit,wh

15、osecompanyprovidedthestatisticsforthereport.1.WhatarethestatisticsinParagraph2about?A.Foodvariety.B.Eatinghabits.C.Tablemanners.D.Restaurantservice.2.WhydoesBechtelprefertogooutforlunch?A.Tomeetwithhercoworkers.B.Tocatchupwithherwork.C.Tohavesometimeonherown.D.Tocollectdataforherreport.3.Whatdowekno

16、waboutMazoleny?A.Hemakesvideosforthebar.B.Hesfondofthefoodatthebar.C.Heinterviewscustomersatthebar.D.Hesfamiliarwiththebarkeeper.4.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.Thetrendofhavingmealsalone.B.Theimportanceofself-reflection.C.Thestressfromworkingovertime.D.Theadvantageofwirelesstechnology.MarianBechtelsit

17、satWestPalmBeachsBarLouiecounterbyherself,quietlyreadinghere-bookasshewaitsforhersalad.Whatisshereading?Noneofyourbusiness!LunchisBechtels“me”time.AndlikemoreAmericans,shesnotalone.Anewreportfound46percentofmealsareeatenaloneinAmerica.Morethanhalf（53percent）havebreakfastaloneandnearlyhalf（46percent）

18、havelunchbythemselves.Onlyatdinnertimeareweeatingtogetheranymore，74percent，accordingtostatisticsfromthereport.“Iprefertogooutandbeout.Alone,buttogether,youknow”,Bechtelsaid,lookingupfromherbook.Bechtel,whoworksindowntownWestPalmBeach,haslunchwithcoworkerssometimes,butlikemanyofus,toooftenworksthroug

19、hlunchatherdesk.Alunchtimeescapeallowshertokeepabossfromtappingherontheshoulder.Shereturnstoworkfeelingenergized.“Today,Ijustwantedsometimetomyself,”shesaid.Justtwoseatsover,AndrewMazoleny,alocalvideographer,isfinishinghislunchatthebar.Helikesthathecansitandcheckhisphoneinpeaceorchatupthebarkeeper w

20、ith whom hes on a first-name basis if he wants to have a littleinteraction(交流).“Ireflectonhowmydaysgoneandthinkabouttherestoftheweek,”hesaid.“Itsachanceforself-reflection.Youreturntoworkrechargedandwithaplan.”Thatfreedomtochooseisonereasonmorepeopleliketoeatalone.Therewasatimewhenpeoplemayhavefeltaw

21、kwardaboutaskingforatableforone,butthosedaysareover.Now,wehaveoursmartphonestokeepuscompanyatthetable.“It doesnt feel as alone as it may have before all the advances intechnology,”saidLaurieDemerit,whosecompanyprovidedthestatisticsforthereport.1.WhatarethestatisticsinParagraph2about?A.Foodvariety.B.

22、Eatinghabits.C.Tablemanners.D.Restaurantservice.2.WhydoesBechtelprefertogooutforlunch?A.Tomeetwithhercoworkers.B.Tocatchupwithherwork.C.Tohavesometimeonherown.D.Tocollectdataforherreport.3.WhatdoweknowaboutMazoleny?A.Hemakesvideosforthebar.B.Hesfondofthefoodatthebar.C.Heinterviewscustomersatthebar.D

23、.Hesfamiliarwiththebarkeeper.4.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.Thetrendofhavingmealsalone.B.Theimportanceofself-reflection.C.Thestressfromworkingovertime.D.Theadvantageofwirelesstechnology.MarianBechtelsitsatWestPalmBeachsBarLouiecounterbyherself,quietlyreadinghere-bookasshewaitsforhersalad.Whatissheread

24、ing?Noneofyourbusiness!LunchisBechtels“me”time.AndlikemoreAmericans,shesnotalone.Anewreportfound46percentofmealsareeatenaloneinAmerica.Morethanhalf（53percent）havebreakfastaloneandnearlyhalf（46percent）havelunchbythemselves.Onlyatdinnertimeareweeatingtogetheranymore，74percent，accordingtostatisticsfrom

25、thereport.“Iprefertogooutandbeout.Alone,buttogether,youknow”,Bechtelsaid,lookingupfromherbook.Bechtel,whoworksindowntownWestPalmBeach,haslunchwithcoworkerssometimes,butlikemanyofus,toooftenworksthroughlunchatherdesk.Alunchtimeescapeallowshertokeepabossfromtappingherontheshoulder.Shereturnstoworkfeel

26、ingenergized.“Today,Ijustwantedsometimetomyself,”shesaid.Justtwoseatsover,AndrewMazoleny,alocalvideographer,isfinishinghislunchatthebar.Helikesthathecansitandcheckhisphoneinpeaceorchatupthebarkeeper with whom hes on a first-name basis if he wants to have a littleinteraction(交流).“Ireflectonhowmydaysg

27、oneandthinkabouttherestoftheweek,”hesaid.“Itsachanceforself-reflection.Youreturntoworkrechargedandwithaplan.”Thatfreedomtochooseisonereasonmorepeopleliketoeatalone.Therewasatimewhenpeoplemayhavefeltawkwardaboutaskingforatableforone,butthosedaysareover.Now,wehaveoursmartphonestokeepuscompanyatthetabl

28、e.“It doesnt feel as alone as it may have before all the advances intechnology,”saidLaurieDemerit,whosecompanyprovidedthestatisticsforthereport.1.WhatarethestatisticsinParagraph2about?A.Foodvariety.B.Eatinghabits.C.Tablemanners.D.Restaurantservice.2.WhydoesBechtelprefertogooutforlunch?A.Tomeetwithhe

29、rcoworkers.B.Tocatchupwithherwork.C.Tohavesometimeonherown.D.Tocollectdataforherreport.3.WhatdoweknowaboutMazoleny?A.Hemakesvideosforthebar.B.Hesfondofthefoodatthebar.C.Heinterviewscustomersatthebar.D.Hesfamiliarwiththebarkeeper.4.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.Thetrendofhavingmealsalone.B.Theimportance

30、ofself-reflection.C.Thestressfromworkingovertime.D.Theadvantageofwirelesstechnology.MarianBechtelsitsatWestPalmBeachsBarLouiecounterbyherself,quietlyreadinghere-bookasshewaitsforhersalad.Whatisshereading?Noneofyourbusiness!LunchisBechtels“me”time.AndlikemoreAmericans,shesnotalone.Anewreportfound46pe

31、rcentofmealsareeatenaloneinAmerica.Morethanhalf（53percent）havebreakfastaloneandnearlyhalf（46percent）havelunchbythemselves.Onlyatdinnertimeareweeatingtogetheranymore，74percent，accordingtostatisticsfromthereport.“Iprefertogooutandbeout.Alone,buttogether,youknow”,Bechtelsaid,lookingupfromherbook.Bechte

32、l,whoworksindowntownWestPalmBeach,haslunchwithcoworkerssometimes,butlikemanyofus,toooftenworksthroughlunchatherdesk.Alunchtimeescapeallowshertokeepabossfromtappingherontheshoulder.Shereturnstoworkfeelingenergized.“Today,Ijustwantedsometimetomyself,”shesaid.Justtwoseatsover,AndrewMazoleny,alocalvideo

33、grapher,isfinishinghislunchatthebar.Helikesthathecansitandcheckhisphoneinpeaceorchatupthebarkeeper with whom hes on a first-name basis if he wants to have a littleinteraction(交流).“Ireflectonhowmydaysgoneandthinkabouttherestoftheweek,”hesaid.“Itsachanceforself-reflection.Youreturntoworkrechargedandwi

34、thaplan.”Thatfreedomtochooseisonereasonmorepeopleliketoeatalone.Therewasatimewhenpeoplemayhavefeltawkwardaboutaskingforatableforone,butthosedaysareover.Now,wehaveoursmartphonestokeepuscompanyatthetable.“It doesnt feel as alone as it may have before all the advances intechnology,”saidLaurieDemerit,wh

35、osecompanyprovidedthestatisticsforthereport.三、真题举例三、真题举例1.WhatistheCommonSenseMediareportprobablyabout?A.Childrensreadinghabits.B.Qualityofchildrensbooks.C.Childrensafter-classactivities.D.Parent-childrelationships.2.Wherecanyoufindthedatathatbestsupports“childrenarereadingalotlessforfun”?A.InParagr

36、aph2.B.InParagraph3.C.InParagraph4.D.InParagraph5.3.Whydomanyparentslimitelectronicreading?A.E-booksareofpoorquality.B.Itcouldbeawasteoftime.C.Itmayharmchildrenshealth.D.E-readersareexpensive.4.Howshouldparentsencouragetheirchildrentoreadmore?A.Actasrolemodelsforthem.B.Askthemtowritebookreports.C.Se

37、tupreadinggroupsforthem.D.Talkwiththeirreadingclassteachers.Teensandyoungerchildrenarereadingalotlessforfun,accordingtoaCommonSenseMediareportpublishedMonday.Whilethedeclineoverthepastdecadeissteepforteenreaders,somedatainthereportshowsthatreadingremainsabigpartofmanychildrenslives,andindicateshowpa

38、rentsmighthelpencouragemorereading.Accordingtothereportskeyfindings,“theproportion(比例)whosaytheyhardlyeverreadforfunhasgonefrom8percentof13-year-oldsand9percentof17-year-oldsin1984to22percentand27percentrespectivelytoday.”Thereportdatashowsthatpleasurereadinglevelsforyoungerchildren,ages2-8,remainla

39、rgelythesame.Buttheamountoftimespentinreadingeachsessionhasdeclined,fromclosertoanhourormoretoclosertoahalfhourpersession.Whenitcomestotechnologyandreading,thereportdoeslittletocounsel(建议)parentslookingfordataabouttheeffectofe-readersandtabletsonreading.Itdoespointoutthatmanyparentsstilllimitelectro

40、nicreading,mainlyduetoconcernsaboutincreasedscreentime.Themosthopefuldatasharedinthereportshowsclearevidenceofparentsservingasexamplesandimportantguidesfortheirkidswhenitcomestoreading.Datashowsthatkidsandteenswhodoreadfrequently,comparedtoinfrequentreaders,havemorebooksinthehome,morebookspurchasedf

41、orthem,parentswhoreadmoreoften,andparentswhosetasidetimeforthemtoread.Astheendofschoolapproaches,andschoolvacationreadinglistsloom(逼近)ahead,parentsmighttakethischancetostepinandmaketheirownsummerreadinglistandplanafamilytriptothelibraryorbookstore.2018NMET.II.C1.WhatistheCommonSenseMediareportprobab

42、lyabout?A.Childrensreadinghabits.B.Qualityofchildrensbooks.C.Childrensafter-classactivities.D.Parent-childrelationships.2.Wherecanyoufindthedatathatbestsupports“childrenarereadingalotlessforfun”?A.InParagraph2.B.InParagraph3.C.InParagraph4.D.InParagraph5.3.Whydomanyparentslimitelectronicreading?A.E-

43、booksareofpoorquality.B.Itcouldbeawasteoftime.C.Itmayharmchildrenshealth.D.E-readersareexpensive.4.Howshouldparentsencouragetheirchildrentoreadmore?A.Actasrolemodelsforthem.B.Askthemtowritebookreports.C.Setupreadinggroupsforthem.D.Talkwiththeirreadingclassteachers.Teensandyoungerchildrenarereadingal

44、otlessforfun,accordingtoaCommonSenseMediareportpublishedMonday.Whilethedeclineoverthepastdecadeissteepforteenreaders,somedatainthereportshowsthatreadingremainsabigpartofmanychildrenslives,andindicateshowparentsmighthelpencouragemorereading.Accordingtothereportskeyfindings,“theproportion(比例)whosaythe

45、yhardlyeverreadforfunhasgonefrom8percentof13-year-oldsand9percentof17-year-oldsin1984to22percentand27percentrespectivelytoday.”Thereportdatashowsthatpleasurereadinglevelsforyoungerchildren,ages2-8,remainlargelythesame.Buttheamountoftimespentinreadingeachsessionhasdeclined,fromclosertoanhourormoretoc

46、losertoahalfhourpersession.Whenitcomestotechnologyandreading,thereportdoeslittletocounsel(建议)parentslookingfordataabouttheeffectofe-readersandtabletsonreading.Itdoespointoutthatmanyparentsstilllimitelectronicreading,mainlyduetoconcernsaboutincreasedscreentime.Themosthopefuldatasharedinthereportshows

47、clearevidenceofparentsservingas examples and important guides for their kids when it comes to reading.Datashowsthatkidsandteenswhodoreadfrequently,comparedtoinfrequentreaders,havemorebooksinthehome,morebookspurchasedforthem,parentswhoreadmoreoften,andparentswhosetasidetimeforthemtoread.Astheendofsch

48、oolapproaches,andschoolvacationreadinglistsloom(逼近)ahead,parents might take this chance to step in and make their own summerreadinglistandplanafamilytriptothelibraryorbookstore.1.WhatistheCommonSenseMediareportprobablyabout?A.Childrensreadinghabits.B.Qualityofchildrensbooks.C.Childrensafter-classact

49、ivities.D.Parent-childrelationships.2.Wherecanyoufindthedatathatbestsupports“childrenarereadingalotlessforfun”?A.InParagraph2.B.InParagraph3.C.InParagraph4.D.InParagraph5.3.Whydomanyparentslimitelectronicreading?A.E-booksareofpoorquality.B.Itcouldbeawasteoftime.C.Itmayharmchildrenshealth.D.E-readers

50、areexpensive.4.Howshouldparentsencouragetheirchildrentoreadmore?A.Actasrolemodelsforthem.B.Askthemtowritebookreports.C.Setupreadinggroupsforthem.D.Talkwiththeirreadingclassteachers.Teensandyoungerchildrenarereadingalotlessforfun,accordingtoaCommonSenseMediareportpublishedMonday.Whilethedeclineoverth