专题五同位语从句课件-高三英语语法复习.pptx

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1、The Appositive Clause专题五专题五 同位语从句同位语从句 目 录CONTENTS01 同位语从句的定义 02 由that 引导的同位语从句03 由wheather引导 04 由wh-等特殊疑问词 05 注意事项及练习题 名词性从句名词性从句 noun clause主语从句主语从句subject clause 宾语从句宾语从句object clause 表语从句表语从句predicative clause 同位语从句同位语从句appositive clause1.What he wants to tell us is not clear.2.It is not importa

2、nt who will go.3.He has told me that he will go to Shanghai tomorrow.4.I want to know what he has told you.5.The fact is that we have lost the game.6.I have no idea when he will come back home.主从主从宾从宾从表从表从同位语从句同位语从句宾从宾从主从主从1.Mr.Smith,our new teacher,is very kind to us.2.Yesterday I met Tom,a friend

3、of my brothers.What does the underlined part serve as in each sentence?同位语01 1.概念概念:在复合句中作名词的同位语的名词性从句。在复合句中作名词的同位语的名词性从句。2.功能功能:同位语从句对名词进一步解释，是同位语从句对名词进一步解释，是名词的具体内容名词的具体内容。3.引导词：引导词：常用常用 that 引导或用连接副词引导或用连接副词when/where/why/how/whether 01 同位语从句1.当主句中出现抽象名词，如：当主句中出现抽象名词，如：belief,doubt,evidence,idea,

4、fact,hope,news,possibility,question,thoughtidea,fact,hope,news,possibility,question,thought等等,可以用可以用that、连接代词和连接副词引出同位语从句。、连接代词和连接副词引出同位语从句。如：如：We heard the news that our team had won.我们听到消息说我们队赢了。我们听到消息说我们队赢了。There is no doubt that a large number of people benefit from heart surgery.毫无疑问，有许多人毫无疑问，有

5、许多人 得益于心脏外科手术。得益于心脏外科手术。02 由that 引导的同位语从句There is the news that some British customers will visit our company.有消息说几个英国客户有消息说几个英国客户 要来我公要来我公司参观。司参观。Is there any proof that the food of the plant differs from that of animals?是否有任何证据可以是否有任何证据可以 说明植物说明植物性的食物不同于动物性的食物呢？性的食物不同于动物性的食物呢？We all know the fact

6、that organization helps memorization.我们都知道这样一个事实我们都知道这样一个事实:把要记把要记 忆的忆的材料组织起来有助于记忆。材料组织起来有助于记忆。注意注意:（1）虽然）虽然that在同位语从句中没有实际意义在同位语从句中没有实际意义,但不可省略。但不可省略。2.如果同位语从句意思不完整，需增加如果同位语从句意思不完整，需增加“是否是否”的含义的含义,则应该用则应该用whether引导。如：引导。如：Well discuss the problem whether the sports meeting will be held on time.我们将讨

7、论运动会是否会如期举行的问题。我们将讨论运动会是否会如期举行的问题。注意注意:if不能引导同位语从句。不能引导同位语从句。03 由wheather引导 3.如果同位语从句意义不完整如果同位语从句意义不完整,需增加需增加“什么什么时候时候”、“什么地点什么地点”、“什么方式什么方式”等含义等含义,应该用应该用when,where,how等词引导。等词引导。如：如：I have no idea when Chaplins film will be on.我不知道卓别林的电影什么时候放映。我不知道卓别林的电影什么时候放映。04 由wh-等特殊疑问词I have no impression how h

8、e went home,perhaps by bike.我记不清他是怎样回家的我记不清他是怎样回家的,或许是骑自行车回或许是骑自行车回去的。去的。The question what we should do with this situation is under discussion.我们在这种情况下应该怎么办还有待商榷。我们在这种情况下应该怎么办还有待商榷。1.当主句的谓语较短当主句的谓语较短,而同位语从句较长时，而同位语从句较长时，同位语从句常后置。同位语从句常后置。The thought came to him that maybe the enemy had fled the cit

9、y.他突然想到敌人可能已经逃出城了。他突然想到敌人可能已经逃出城了。Word came that he had left his wife.他离开妻子的消息传来。他离开妻子的消息传来。05 注意事项及练习题2.2.其后常用同位语从句的名词其后常用同位语从句的名词可以跟同位语从句的名词主要是可以跟同位语从句的名词主要是抽象名词抽象名词，通常，通常有有news，idea，fact，promise，question，doubt，thought，hope，message，suggestion，word（消息）（消息）,possibility等。如：等。如：1)Ive come from Mr.Wang

10、 with a message that he wont be able to see you this afternoon 我从王先生那里来，他让我告诉你他今天下午不我从王先生那里来，他让我告诉你他今天下午不能来看你了。能来看你了。注注:1.同位语从句多用同位语从句多用that 引导引导;2.在在 have no idea 之后常用之后常用wh-引导同位语从句。引导同位语从句。I have no idea where he has gone.I have no idea when he did it.I have no idea what he did.2)The idea that com

11、puters can recognize human voices surprises many people.3)The problem whether we should continue to do the experiment has been solved.demand，suggestion,proposal等同位语从句的谓语动词要用虚拟语气，即:(should)+动词原形eg.I accepted my fathers advice that I(should)apologize to my friend.我接受了父亲的建议，应 该向我的朋友道歉。He made the sugge

12、stion that the meeting(should)be put off.他建议会议应该被推迟。3.虚拟语气在同位语从句中的用法虚拟语气在同位语从句中的用法4.同位语从句和定语从句的区别同位语从句和定语从句的区别 同位语从句同位语从句 定语从句定语从句that只是起连接作用，只是起连接作用，不充当成分不充当成分that起连接作用，起连接作用，充当充当主语或宾语主语或宾语对前面名词进行补充对前面名词进行补充说明，是说明，是名词的具体名词的具体内容内容对前面名词进行对前面名词进行修饰修饰或限定或限定that不能省不能省that作宾语时可省作宾语时可省 The news that our t

13、eam has won the game was true.我们队赢了那场比赛的消息是真的。我们队赢了那场比赛的消息是真的。(同位语从句同位语从句,补充说明补充说明news到底是一个什到底是一个什么消息么消息)The news that he told me yesterday was true.昨天他告诉我的那个消息是真的。昨天他告诉我的那个消息是真的。(定语从句定语从句,news在从句中作在从句中作told的宾的宾语语)I have heard the news that he visited factory.I have heard the news that he told you t

14、he other day.同位语从句同位语从句定语从句定语从句判断下列各句是同位语从句还是定语从句判断下列各句是同位语从句还是定语从句1.They expressed the hope that they would come to visit China again.2.The hope that she expressed is that they would come to visit China again.3.The fact that she works hard is well known to us all.4.I cant stand the terrible noise t

15、hat she is crying loudly.同位语从句同位语从句定语从句定语从句同位语从句同位语从句同位语从句同位语从句一一.用适当的连接代词或连接副词填空用适当的连接代词或连接副词填空1.The news _ he cant come to help us worries us a lot.2.I have no idea _ he will return.3.I have no information _ he went camping last Sunday.4.He expressed the opinion _ Tom should be made manager of the

16、 factory.thatthatwhenwhere5.Theres no doubt _ he was killed in the accident.6.Theres great doubt _ he did so or not.7.He told me the news _ his house had just burned down.8.Word came _ the President of the USA would inspect the army.thatwhetherthatthat二二.将两个单句改写为含有同位语从句的复合句将两个单句改写为含有同位语从句的复合句.1.The news excited us.Our team won the game_2.The fact is clear.Women can work as well as men._The news that our team won the game excited us.The fact that women can work as well as men is clear.THANK YOU！谢谢欣赏