-母猪有机微量元素的应用.pdf

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1、上海松江 2014/10/17 1Author:孙得发 博士诺伟司东北亚区技术总监Novus International 有机微量元素在母猪上的应用实践有机微量元素在母猪上的应用实践2Agenda 母猪微量元素缺乏的表现母猪微量元素缺乏的表现 妊娠期胚胎对微量元素的需求 母猪微量元素需求和利用率的矛盾 螯合有机微量元素在母猪中的应用NOVUS INTERNATIONAL 第十四届饲料商业配方师研习班NOVUS INTERNATIONAL NOVUS INTERNATIONAL 上海松江 2014/10/17 23母猪微量元素缺乏问题 母猪微量元素缺乏会导致肢蹄病的发生率和淘汰率增高4母猪微量元

2、素缺乏导致的皮肤角质化母猪微量元素缺乏导致的皮肤角质化NOVUS INTERNATIONAL 第十四届饲料商业配方师研习班NOVUS INTERNATIONAL NOVUS INTERNATIONAL 上海松江 2014/10/17 35Joint Samples from Experimental Farms 6骨软化症Jubb, Kennedy, and Palmer, 1993. Pathology of Domestic Animals.NOVUS INTERNATIONAL 第十四届饲料商业配方师研习班NOVUS INTERNATIONAL NOVUS INTERNATIONAL 上

3、海松江 2014/10/17 47猪骨软化症与软骨生长板异常有关正常生长板骨软化症生长板正常生长板骨软化症生长板Jubb, Kennedy, and Palmer, 1993. Pathology of Domestic Animals.8Agenda 母猪微量元素缺乏的表现妊娠期胚胎对微量元素的需求妊娠期胚胎对微量元素的需求 母猪微量元素需求和利用率的矛盾 螯合有机微量元素在母猪中的应用NOVUS INTERNATIONAL 第十四届饲料商业配方师研习班NOVUS INTERNATIONAL NOVUS INTERNATIONAL 上海松江 2014/10/17 59Iron: y = 0.

4、0114x2 - 1.0753x + 26.261R = 0.9311Zinc: y = 0.0037x2 - 0.3027x + 6.6566R = 0.94120.0010.0020.0030.0040.0050.0060.0070.0040557085100115Iron and Zinc, mg ZnDays of Gestation FeTrace mineral deposition in Fetus mgAdapted from Ma, 2011矿物质在胚胎的沉积矿物质在胚胎的沉积妊娠天数铁和锌10y = 7E-05x2 - 0.0038x + 0.0264R = 0.88720

5、.000.100.200.300.400.500.600.7040557085100115Manganese, mg Days of Gestation Trace mineral deposition in Fetus mgAdapted from Ma, 2011矿物质在胚胎的沉积矿物质在胚胎的沉积锰锰,毫克毫克妊娠天数NOVUS INTERNATIONAL 第十四届饲料商业配方师研习班NOVUS INTERNATIONAL NOVUS INTERNATIONAL 上海松江 2014/10/17 611y = 0.0422x2 - 4.1074x + 104.38R = 0.88060.0

6、050.00100.00150.00200.00250.0040557085100115Selenium, g Days of Gestation Trace mineral deposition in Fetus gAdapted from Ma, 2011矿物质在胚胎的沉积矿物质在胚胎的沉积硒硒,微克微克妊娠天数12y = 2E-05x3 - 0.0046x2 + 0.3382x - 7.5251R = 0.8926, P 0.0010.000.501.001.502.002.503.003.504.004.5040557085100115Copper, mg Days of Gestat

7、ion Trace mineral deposition in Fetus mgAdapted from Ma, 2011铜铜,毫克毫克矿物质在胚胎的沉积矿物质在胚胎的沉积妊娠天数NOVUS INTERNATIONAL 第十四届饲料商业配方师研习班NOVUS INTERNATIONAL NOVUS INTERNATIONAL 上海松江 2014/10/17 713TM in whole litter during gestation Adapted from Ma, 2011Day of gestation 妊娠天数妊娠天数43587391101108115Cu, mg3.0310.1715.

8、2419.4533.1441.0755.35Fe, mg6.1233.9121.6285.1394.9609.4705.9Mn, mg0.050.561.683.864.696.457.48Zn, mg3.4423.057.8117.6178.4241.3281.7Se, mg0.020.140.420.901.442.132.49微量元素在妊娠期中沉积的总量微量元素在妊娠期中沉积的总量14Trace minerals change in maternal liver Day of gestation Elements43587391101108OpenP-value*Cu, mg72.611

9、4.390.760.461.988.466.00.03CFe, mg3333263213053393134750.69Mn, mg3.033.083.212.913.102.912.900.51Zn, mg1341141431001351381720.48Se, mg1.291.241.251.261.351.301.250.55*Note: L: linear response, Q: quadratic response, C: cubic responseMineral analyzed by ICP-MS 妊娠期间微量元素在母体肝脏中的变化妊娠期间微量元素在母体肝脏中的变化妊娠天数NO

10、VUS INTERNATIONAL 第十四届饲料商业配方师研习班NOVUS INTERNATIONAL NOVUS INTERNATIONAL 上海松江 2014/10/17 815Agenda 母猪微量元素缺乏的表现 妊娠期胚胎对微量元素的需求母猪微量元素需求和利用率的矛盾母猪微量元素需求和利用率的矛盾 螯合有机微量元素在母猪中的应用16母猪为什么容易出现微量元素缺乏？ 首先说明是高产母猪 母猪在胎儿发育和泌乳过程中动用了自身的微量元素 母猪日粮是高纤维和高植酸磷，影响微量元素吸收 随着母猪胎龄的增加 体重增大，维持需要也增大NOVUS INTERNATIONAL 第十四届饲料商业配方师研习

11、班NOVUS INTERNATIONAL NOVUS INTERNATIONAL 上海松江 2014/10/17 917矿物质矿物质 Mineral泌乳需求泌乳需求Milk demand1摄入摄入Intake2利用效率利用效率Required efficiency3(g or mg/day)(g or mg/day)(%)铜铜 Copper (mg)1826.368铁铁 Iron (mg)274206锰锰 Manganese (mg)11051硒硒Selenium (mg)0.30.837锌锌 Zinc (mg)70263271Calculated assuming an average mi

12、lk production of 10 kg/day and with average milk mineral concentrations derived from Park et al. (1994), and Mahan (2000). 2Assuming a daily feed intake of 5.25 kg (NRC, 1998).3Minimum dietary mineral utilization efficiency required for milk production.泌乳母猪微量矿物质日摄入和需求计算值Calculated daily mineral inta

13、kes and demands for lactating sows (Cont.)(Richards and Close, 2001)17180.000.501.001.502.002.50GiltSow(g/ml)血清血清 Serum050100150200250300350400GiltSow(g/ml)肝脏肝脏 LiverZincIronCopper后备母猪和繁殖母猪血清和肝脏中锌，铁和铜浓度的比较A comparison of concentrations of zinc, iron & copper in serum and liver from gilts and sows(Ri

14、chards and Close, 2001)18NOVUS INTERNATIONAL 第十四届饲料商业配方师研习班NOVUS INTERNATIONAL NOVUS INTERNATIONAL 上海松江 2014/10/17 1019-20-15-10-50CaPMgFeZnCuSe55 kg(%)第三胎次母猪 VS 非妊娠母猪，同年龄3rdLitter Sows compared to Non-Gravid, Same Age繁殖母猪渐进式脱矿变化繁殖母猪渐进式脱矿变化Progressive demineralization of reproducing sows % change(Ma

15、han and Newton, 1995. as adapted from Boyd, 2004)1920妊娠和泌乳母猪妊娠和泌乳母猪微量矿物质需求的变化Trace Mineral Changesfor Gestating and Lactating Sows20NOVUS INTERNATIONAL 第十四届饲料商业配方师研习班NOVUS INTERNATIONAL NOVUS INTERNATIONAL 上海松江 2014/10/17 1121妊娠和泌乳母猪微量矿物质需求的变化妊娠和泌乳母猪微量矿物质需求的变化Trace Mineral Changes for Gestating and

16、Lactating Sows 21? 铜 Copper (Cu)in NRC (1998)妊娠期Gestation泌乳期LactationRequirements铜铜 Copper (mg)5.05.0妊娠期Gestation泌乳期LactationRequirements铜铜 Copper (mg)10.020.0? 铜 Copper (Cu)in NRC (2012)2222? 锰 Manganese (Mn)in NRC (1998)妊娠期Gestation泌乳期LactationRequirements锰锰Manganese (mg)20.020.0妊娠期Gestation泌乳期Lac

17、tationRequirements锰锰Manganese (mg)25.025.0? 锰 Manganese (Mn)in NRC (2012)妊娠和泌乳母猪微量矿物质需求的变化妊娠和泌乳母猪微量矿物质需求的变化Trace Mineral Changes for Gestating and Lactating Sows NOVUS INTERNATIONAL 第十四届饲料商业配方师研习班NOVUS INTERNATIONAL NOVUS INTERNATIONAL 上海松江 2014/10/17 122323? 锌 Zinc (Zn)in NRC (1998)妊娠期Gestation泌乳期L

18、actationRequirements锌锌 Zinc (mg)50.050.0妊娠期Gestation泌乳期LactationRequirements锌锌 Zinc (mg)100.0100.0? 锌 Zinc (Zn)in NRC (2012)妊娠和泌乳母猪微量矿物质需求的变化妊娠和泌乳母猪微量矿物质需求的变化Trace Mineral Changes for Gestating and Lactating Sows 24中国母猪微量矿物质需求中国母猪微量矿物质需求Sow Mineral Requirement in ChinaChinaNRC 2012NRC 1998妊娠期Gestati

19、on泌乳期Lactation妊娠期Gestation泌乳期Lactation妊娠期Gestation泌乳期Lactation铜铜Copper, ppm5.05.010205.05.0(35)(35)铁铁Iron, ppm758080808080(750)(750)锰锰Manganese, ppm1820.525252020(150)(150)锌锌 Zinc, ppm45511001005050(150)(150)硒硒 Selenium, ppm0.140.150.150.150.150.15(0.5)(0.5)()上限( ) upper limitation24NOVUS INTERNATIO

20、NAL 第十四届饲料商业配方师研习班NOVUS INTERNATIONAL NOVUS INTERNATIONAL 上海松江 2014/10/17 1325An attempt to address the needs of sows in a commercial operation with higher vitamins and trace minerals商业母猪使用高水平维生素和微量元素的尝试商业母猪使用高水平维生素和微量元素的尝试2612.212.412.312.211.811.410.810.510.111.211.311.110.910.39.99.38.98.38910111

21、2131434567891011Total pigletsParityTotal BornBorn Alive2002 data (25,571 Litters)Age related reduction of litter-size in parity 4 to 11 sows第4-第11胎母猪与年龄相关的下降趋势(Adapted from Boyd, 2004)NOVUS INTERNATIONAL 第十四届饲料商业配方师研习班NOVUS INTERNATIONAL NOVUS INTERNATIONAL 上海松江 2014/10/17 14271234567891011122002200

22、3ca 50,000 Litters / age group / yrP 1-3 SowP 4-10 Sow(Adapted from Boyd, 2004)Age related death loss in sows与母猪年龄相关的死亡损失2839.226.819.516.315.014.201020304050GDU 105kgLitter 1Litter 3Litter 5Litter 7Litter 9g vitamin / kg BWReproductive Age, kgCalculated by Boyd and Fakler from 2002 PIC USA ADFI.(Ad

23、apted from Boyd, 2004)Example of declining vitamin-TM intake with advancing reproductive age高产期母猪维生素-微量元素摄入量下降NOVUS INTERNATIONAL 第十四届饲料商业配方师研习班NOVUS INTERNATIONAL NOVUS INTERNATIONAL 上海松江 2014/10/17 152912.212.412.312.211.811.410.810.510.112.512.612.512.312.011.811.611.311.189101112131434567891011T

24、otal pigletsParityControlTestResponse to micro-nutrient equalization微量营养素平衡效应(Adapted from Boyd, 2004)309.39.18.98.98.88.68.48.17.89.69.59.29.39.39.29.19.19.0678910111234567891011Pigs weanedParityControlTest(Adapted from Boyd, 2004)Response to micro-nutrient equalization微量营养素平衡效应NOVUS INTERNATIONAL

25、第十四届饲料商业配方师研习班NOVUS INTERNATIONAL NOVUS INTERNATIONAL 上海松江 2014/10/17 16318910111213Total BornBorn AliveWeanedca 50,000 litters / groupControlGeriatric9.38.71.44 PSY weaned(Adapted from Boyd, 2004)Average litter-size response to corrected micro-nutrient intake窝产仔数与校正微量营养素摄入的关系32Conclusions: 结论1) Sow

26、 micronutrient needs should be altered to account for increasing sow weight with advancing age.母猪的微量营养素的需求应随着高产期母猪体重的增长相应改变NOVUS INTERNATIONAL 第十四届饲料商业配方师研习班NOVUS INTERNATIONAL NOVUS INTERNATIONAL 上海松江 2014/10/17 1733Agenda 母猪微量元素缺乏的表现 妊娠期胚胎对微量元素的需求 母猪微量元素需求和利用率的矛盾螯合有机微量元素在母猪中的应用螯合有机微量元素在母猪中的应用342 H

27、MTBa:1 Zn金属-蛋氨酸羟基类似物螯合物oNOVUS INTERNATIONAL 第十四届饲料商业配方师研习班NOVUS INTERNATIONAL NOVUS INTERNATIONAL 上海松江 2014/10/17 1835试验2：高量钙磷Trial 2: Elevated Ca & P试验1：正常钙磷Trial 1: Normal Ca & P0.010.020.030.0024681012Supplemental Zn Intake (mg)MINTREXZnSO4斜率比RBV= 248%0.05.010.015.001234Supplemental Zn Intake (mg

28、)MINTREXZnSO4斜率比RBV= 426%螯合微量元素在有干扰的状况下有更高的生物学利用率螯合微量元素在有干扰的状况下有更高的生物学利用率Y = 1.82 + 0.92X1+ 2.28X2Y = 0.41 + 0.922X1+ 3.925X2m1vs. m2: P = 0.009m1vs m2: P = 0.004锌的摄入量，mg锌的摄入量，mgSupplemental zinc intake, mg锌的摄入量，mg锌的摄入量，mgSupplemental zinc intake, mg36各种锌源的生物利用率012345678MT mRNA (relative units)Contr

29、olZn SulfateZn ProteinateZn MAACZn AACMINTREX ZnaabbccdabdNOVUS INTERNATIONAL 第十四届饲料商业配方师研习班NOVUS INTERNATIONAL NOVUS INTERNATIONAL 上海松江 2014/10/17 1937母猪微量元素的研究难度很大母猪微量元素的研究难度很大每十年关于猪繁殖性能的参考文献每十年关于猪繁殖性能的参考文献Swine Reproductive Citations by Decade 40s50s/60s70s80s90s铜铜 Copper-112碘碘 Iodine-铁铁 Iron-533

30、-锰锰Manganese-3121锌锌 Zinc-312-硒硒 Selenium-192338Benefits of Mintrex Cu Better bioavailability Less reactive (less oxidation) Better antibacterial function on lumen Better performance and profits明微矿改善母猪繁殖性能Mintrex improve sow reproduction and welfareNOVUS INTERNATIONAL 第十四届饲料商业配方师研习班NOVUS INTERNATIONA

31、L NOVUS INTERNATIONAL 上海松江 2014/10/17 2039母猪试验：材料 与方法 两个姊妹猪场，各饲养6400头PIC母猪 相同的生产经理、相同饲料厂及日粮，小母猪来源于同一种猪场 共16,000头母猪，最高产胎数到7胎 两个处理，ITM（无机微量）对照 vs.明微矿 两处理相同的矿物水平 矿物添加水平:Cu16.5ppm,Zn165ppm,Mn 38.6ppm(NRC:Cu5ppm,Zn,50ppm,Mn,20ppm) 明微矿处理组 明微矿:无机微量为50:50 试验期：2007年4月2010年4月40改善受胎率受胎率明微矿对照组P value总受胎率86.884.

32、50.0011胎86.483.60.0012胎84.983.90.173胎87.785.80.014胎88.985.40.001羟基蛋氨酸螯合矿物质的总产子数、活仔数及总断奶仔猪数都更多。仔猪初生重也显著提高。NOVUS INTERNATIONAL 第十四届饲料商业配方师研习班NOVUS INTERNATIONAL NOVUS INTERNATIONAL 上海松江 2014/10/17 2141提高母猪产仔数12.0712.6813.0713.0613.0712.3511.9911.8112.112.5112.5912.2911.011.512.012.513.013.5234567Parit

33、yTotal born/litter11.011.512.012.513.013.5234567ParityTotal born/litterMintrexMintrexControlControl*42改善母猪的累积繁殖性能(统计前4胎)指标明微矿对照组差异差异SEMP总产仔数44.1040.763.321.230.02活仔数41.6138.892.711.220.04木乃伊0.690.670.020.020.47死胎1.801.210.600.03.001总断奶数36.3934.641.730.900.07NOVUS INTERNATIONAL 第十四届饲料商业配方师研习班NOVUS IN

34、TERNATIONAL NOVUS INTERNATIONAL 上海松江 2014/10/17 2243提高仔猪出生重分组窝数仔猪出生重分组窝数仔猪出生重(kg)窝仔数平均值标准误平均值对照组窝仔数平均值标准误平均值对照组1261.250.0212.94明微矿组明微矿组1351.360.0213.02P-value(2 tail test)0.0010.450.8444断奶小猪生长性能提升(d0-42)0100200300400500600700ADGADFIg/dControlMintrexP0.01No difference on FCR, P=0.89NOVUS INTERNATIONA

35、L 第十四届饲料商业配方师研习班NOVUS INTERNATIONAL NOVUS INTERNATIONAL 上海松江 2014/10/17 2345对支原体免疫反应速度更快22.533.502wk4wk8wk12wkWeeks post-vaccinationLog10 TiterControlMINTREXaabb明微矿处理组：明微矿 Zn/Cu/Mn 替代一半ITMs抗体滴度低于2.8则被认为是阴性46降低母猪腿病发生率淘汰率(%)P-value明微矿组对照组腿病腿病10.4316.110.001NOVUS INTERNATIONAL 第十四届饲料商业配方师研习班NOVUS INTER

36、NATIONAL NOVUS INTERNATIONAL 上海松江 2014/10/17 2447降低母猪的淘汰率存留率(%)P-value明微矿组对照组12胎89.9688.680.0613胎82.2277.680.0114胎72.0863.490.01明微矿处理降低了因为跛脚而导致的淘汰率。48母猪死亡率降低10.48.6024681012ControlMintrexMortality,%abP = 0.08NOVUS INTERNATIONAL 第十四届饲料商业配方师研习班NOVUS INTERNATIONAL NOVUS INTERNATIONAL 上海松江 2014/10/17 2549总结 母猪的矿物质吸收速度必须赶上流失速度 母猪的矿物质储存越丰富，越有利於胎儿发育 拮抗作用导致矿物质摄取量不随添加量增加 不同的矿物质原料，生物利用率也不同 五环的螯合物利用率较高 好的矿物质来源，能带来更好的生产效益并减少母猪淘汰率NOVUS INTERNATIONAL 第十四届饲料商业配方师研习班NOVUS INTERNATIONAL NOVUS INTERNATIONAL