上海海事大学外国语学院211翻译硕士英语历年考研真题及详解.docx

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1、2011年上海海事大学211翻译硕士英语考研真题及详解2012年上海海事大学211翻译硕士英语考研真题及详解2013年上海海事大学211翻译硕士英语考研真题及详解2014年上海海事大学211翻译硕1英语考研真题及详解2015年上海海事大学211翻译硕士英语考研真题及详解2016年上海海事大学211翻译硕士英语考研真题及详解2011年上海海事大学211翻译硕士英语考研真题及详解Part I. Vocabulary and Structures (30 points; ().5 point for each item)Choose the best answer for each item. Th

2、en use a pen or pencilto mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.1. He believes that building a long ramp outside the pyramid to move ihe stone up asmuch stone as the pyramid itself.A. would not useshould useB. would had usedwould have used【答案】B查看答案D.

3、see to【答案】D查看答案【解析】句意：这个政客说他会负责人民的福利的。sec to负责。prey on捕食。take on承当。 gel al理解。因此，此题的正确答案为D。42. Of the thousands of known volcanoes in the world, the majority are inactive.A. tremendousdemandingB. intensiveoverwhelming【答案】D查看答案【解析】句意：世界上的几千座火山中，死火山占了压倒性的多数。overwhelming压倒 性的,可与majority连用。tremendous极大的。

4、demanding苛求的。intensive集中的。因此， 此题的正确答案为D。43. In general, matters which lie entirely within state borders are the concern ofstatego verninents.A. extinctexcludingB. excessiveexclusive【答案】D查看答案【解析】句意：总体而言，完全的国内问题是国家政府要专门关心的问题。exclusive独有的。extinct灭绝的。excluding不包括。excessive过多的。因此,此题的正确答案为D。44. When I sai

5、d goodbye to her, she the door.A. saw me atset me offB. sent me toshowed me to【答案】D查看答案【解析】句意：当我和她告别的时候，她把我带到了门口。show.to.意为“把带到L 因此，此题的正确答案为D。45. In the meantime, the question facing business is whether such research is the costs.A. worthworth ofB. worthyworthwhile【答案】A查看答案【解析】句意：与此同时，商业所面临的问题是，这样的研

6、究是否值得。be worth sth.值得。 假设使用worthy那么后面应加介词of。worthwhile通常用于“It is worthwhile that”结构中。因 此，此题的正确答案为A。46. He is holding a position in the company and expects to be promoted soon.A. subordinatesucceedingB. successivesubsequent【答案】D查看答案carve开创。carve开创。【解析】句意：经过多年辛苦努力，她终于为自己开拓出了作为记者的名声。 cater迎合。clasp扣住。cl

7、one复制。因此，此题的正确答案为D。5. Is a woman to be more highly for her talent or for her beauty?A. esteemedB. estimatedreckonedC. evaluated【答案】A查看答案【解析】句意：女性更多地是因才华还是因外貌而受尊重？ esteem尊重。estimate估计。reckon 计算。evalua【e评价。因此，此题的正确答案为A。6. When she asked him if he liked the opera or not, his response was a mere.A.shrub

8、B.shiverC. shudderD.shrug【答案】D查看答案【解析】句意：当她问他喜不喜欢这部歌剧时，他只是耸了耸肩表示回答。shrug耸肩。shrub 灌木丛。shiver颤抖。shudder发抖。因此，此题的正确答案为D。7. She hasnt much in what he says because he used to cat up his words.A. faithtrust8. loyallytruthfulness【答案】B查看答案【解析】句意：她不太信任他的话，因为他曾经食过言。trust信任。faith信仰。loyalty忠 诚。trulhfulness真实。因此

9、，此题的正确答案为B。8. You can rest that the talented young secretary has been able to confirm what he said inthe original report.A. reassuredinsuredB. ensuredassured【答案】A查看答案【解析】句意：你可以放心L那个有才华的年轻秘书已经能确认他在原版报告里说过什么 了。reassured使放心的。insured己投保的。ensure确保。assured确定的。因此，此题的正 确答案为A。9. Customers arc kindly requeste

10、d to from smoking in the public areas.A. hinderrefrainB. preventrestrain【答案】B查看答案【解析】句意：顾客们被友好地要求防止在公共场合抽烟。refrain防止，为不及物动词。hinder 阻碍。preven防止。rcslrain抑制。后三者均为及物动词，不需要加介词。因此，此题的正 确答案为B。10. Both parties have promised to the contract which was signed last year.A. devote tokeep withB. adhere totangle w

11、ith【答案】C查看答案【解析】句意：两党已经承诺遵守去年签订的条约。adhere io遵守。devote lo致力于。keep with跟上。tangle with与吵架。因此，此题的正确答案为C。11. All living creatures have some that are passed on from one generation to the next.A. propertiesaspectsB. attributesfaculties【答案】C查看答案【解析】句意：所有生物都有一些能从一代传到下一代的特质。attribute属性。property性 质。aspecl层面。fa

12、culty能力。因此，此题的正确答案为C。12. The government lacks a economic policy at the moment.A. colonialcoherentB. cognitivecolossal【答案】D查看答案【解析】句意：这时候政府缺乏一个宏观经济政策。colossal巨大的。colonial殖民的。coherent 连贯的。cognitive认知的。因此，此题的正确答案为D。13. They are well with each other because they once worked for the same company.A. accus

13、tomedacquaintedB. acknowledgedacquired【答案】B查看答案【解析】句意：他们彼此非常熟悉，因为他们曾经在同家公司工作过。acquainted熟识的。 accustomed习惯的。acknowledged公认的。acquired已获得的。因此，此题的正确答案为B。14. Unfortunately, the results of this test do not closely with those of earlier ones.A. correlateconvergeB. corruptD.convene【答案】B查看答案【解析】句意：不幸的是，这次测试的

14、结果和上次的不够一致。converge趋同。correlale关 联。corrupt腐烂。convene聚集。因此，此题的正确答案为B。15. The conference delegates were provided with interpretation of the speeches.A. simultaneousspontaneousB. harmonioushomogeneous【答案】A查看答案【解析】句意：会议代表在演讲时被提供了同声传译。simulianeous interpretation意为“同声 传译“，为固定搭配。因此，此题的正确答案为A。16. They were

15、asked to on the task of improving the companys image.A. embankembedB. embraceembark【答案】D查看答案【解析】句意：他们被要求着手开始提升公司形象的任务。embark着手。embank筑堤围堵。 embed使嵌入。embrace拥抱。因此，此题的正确答案为D。17. The drivers of the accident was verified by an old man who had seen it happen.A. acclaimacousticsC.accountD. accord【答案】C查看答案【

16、解析】句意：司机对事故的解释被一位目击的老人证实了。account解释。acclaim欢呼。 acoustics声学。accord符合。因此，此题的正确答案为C。18. The from childhood to adult in life is often a difficult time for young people.A. transitiontransformB. transformationtransfer【答案】A查看答案【解析】句意：从童.年到成年的过渡对于年轻人来说经常是段困难的时光。transition过渡。 transform改变,为动词。transformation变形

17、。transfer转运。因此,此题的正确答案为A。 19. The, a few of whom are would-be writers, listened attentively to every word ihebishop said in his sermon.A. spectatorsviewersB. audiencescongregation【答案】C查看答案【解析】句意：听众们认真地聆听主教布道中的每一个字他们之中有一局部人想要成为 作家。根据题干中“listen 一词可知主语应为听众。audience听众。spectator观众。viewer观 众。congregation集

18、会。因此，此题的正确答案为C。20. With time, the memoiy of childhood quarrels and frictions among family members will fade into.A. obliterationoblivionB. reductionrealization【答案】B查看答案【解析】句意：随着时间流逝，对童年时家人之间的争吵和摩擦的记忆逐渐被淡忘。oblivion 遗忘。obliteration闭塞。reduction减少。realization实现。因此,此题的正确答案为B。21. The old campus was totall

19、y and new high-rise buildings will take its place.A. remodeledreconciledB. renovatedD.razed【答案】D查看答案【解析】句意：老校区被完全铲平了，取而代之的是新的高楼大厦。raze夷为平地。remodel 改造。reconcile使和解。renovate更新。因此，此题的正确答案为D。22. He was admission to (he restaurant that day for not wearing decently.A. deniedgrantedB. requiredappealed【答案】A

20、查看答案【解析】句意：由于着装不合适，他被拒绝进入餐馆。deny拒绝。grant同意。require要求。 叩peal呼吁。因此，此题的正确答案为A。23. The driver ofthe car was for the damages caused to the passenger that day.A. reliableliberalB. relievableliable【答案】D查看答案【解析】句意：这辆车的司机应该为那天乘客受到的损害负责。liable有责任的。reliable可 靠的。liberal自由主义的。relievable可减轻的。因此，此题的正确答案为D。24. Numb

21、ers are drawn in the national sports lottery.A. recklesslyrandomlyB. routinelyrestlessly【答案】B查看答案【解析】句意：国家体育彩票的数字是随机抽取的。randomly随机的。recklessly鲁莽的。 roulinely例行公事地。restlessly不安地。因此，此题的正确答案为B。25. The general is as a corrupt dictator of that country after he was out of office.A. deporteddepictedB. devia

22、teddenoted【答案】B查看答案【解析】句意：这位将军在下台后，被描述为那个国家的腐败专制者。depict描述。deport 驱逐Hl境。deviate脱离。denote表示。因此，此题的正确答案为B。26. The soldiers in (he platoon shined (heir bayonets in of the inspection by the general.A. anticipationpreconceptionB. contemplationmeditation【答案】A查看答案【解析】句意：这个团的士兵们亮出刺刀，期待着将军的检阅。in anticipation

23、 of意为“期待 preconception偏见。contemplation沉思。meditation只想。因此，此题的正确答案为A。27. Fred Chambers the steering wheel hard as the lorry bounced up and down.A. graspedgrinnedB. grippedgroaned【答案】C查看答案【解析】句意：卡车上下颠簸时,Fred Chambers紧紧握住方向盘。grip紧握。grasp抓住。 grin露齿笑。groan呻吟。因此，此题的正确答案为C。28. The government has a larger po

24、rtion of its national budget for agriculture than anyotherindustries.A. distributedattributedB. allocatedamplified【答案】C查看答案【解析】句意：政府已经将国家预算的一大局部分配给了农业，比其他产业都要多。allocate 分配。distribute散布。attribute归属。amplify放大。因此，此题的正确答案为C。29. It is said that the security forces tried to the crowds with tear-gas.A. dis

25、persedisplaceB. disposedispense【答案】A查看答案【解析】句意：据说安保部队尝试使用催泪瓦斯驱散人群。disperse使散开。displace取代。 dispose处理。dispense免除。因此，此题的正确答案为A。30. Under certain conditions of stress, people may qualities they would never knowtheypossess.A. revealexposeB. uncoverbetray【答案】A查看答案【解析】句意：在特定的压力条件下，人们可能会展现他们从不知道自己拥有的能力。reve

26、al 暴露，多指揭露一直隐藏着的东西。expose揭露，多指揭露丑闻等。uncover揭开，主要指 移去遮盖物显露。belray泄露(秘密)。因此，此题的正确答案为A。Part II.Reading Comprehension (40%)Directions: There are 5 passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You

27、 should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.Passage 1Items 31 to 34 are based on the following passage:In the past oysters were raised in much the same way as dirt farmers raised tomatoes一by transplanting them. First, farmers selected the oyster bed, clear

28、ed the bottom of old shells and other debris, then scattered clean shells about. Next, they “planted fertilized oyster eggs, which within two or three weeks hatched into larvae. The lan-ae drifted until they attached themselves to the clean cells on the bottom. There they remained and in time grew i

29、nto baby oysters called seed or spat. The spat grew larger by drawing in seawater from which they derived microscopic particles of food. Before long, farmers gathered the baby oysters, into another body of water to fatten them up.Until recently the supply of wild oysters and those cnidely farmed wer

30、e more than enough to satisfy peoples needs. But today the delicious seafood is no longer available in abundance. The problem has become so serious that some oyster beds have vanished entirely.Fortunately, as far back as the early 1900s marine biologists realized that if new measures were not taken,

31、 oysters would become extinct or at best a luxury food. So they set up well-equipped hatcheries and went to work. But they did not have the proper equipment or the skill to handle the eggs. They did not know when, what, and how to feed the larvae. And they knew little about the predators that attack

32、 and eat baby oysters by the millions. They failed, but they doggedly kept at it. Finally, in the 1940s a significant breakthrough was made.The marine biologists discovered that by raising the temperature of the water, they could induce oysters to spawn not only in the summer but also in the fall, w

33、inter, and spring. Later they developed a technique for feeding the larvae and rearing them to spat. Going still further, they succeeded in breeding new strains that were resistant to diseases, grew faster and larger, and flourished in water of differeni temperature. In addition the cultivated oyste

34、rs tasted better.31. Which of the following would be the best title for the passage? A. The threatened Extinction of Marine Life.B. The Cultivation of Oysters.C. The Discoveries Made by Marine Biologists.D. The Varieties of Wild Oysters.32. When did scientists discover that oysters were in danger?A.

35、 In the early nineteenth century.B. At the beginning of the twentieth century.C. Inthel940s.D. Just recently.33. According to the passage, which of the following words best describes the efforts of themarine biologists working with oysters?A. Persistent.B. Intermittent.C. Eternal.D. Fruitless.34. Wh

36、ich of the following best describes the organization of the passage?A. Step by step description of the evolution of marine biology.B. Discussion of chronological events concerning oyster production.C. Random presentation of facts about oysters.D. Description of oyster production at different geograp

37、hic locations.【答案与解析】JB根据文意可知本文主要讲了培养牡蛎的方法，以及在科学家们发现牡蛎数量减少的 时候是如何寻找增加牡蛎产量的方式的。由此可知，全文围绕着“牡蛎养殖”展开讨论。B项 “牡蛎的养殖”符合文意。应选B。31. B 文章第三段第一句提到“as far back as the early 1900s marine biologists realized that if new measures were not taken, oysters would become extinct or at best a luxury fbod. 由此J 知， 20世纪初，海洋

38、生物学家们便已经认识到牡蛎处在灭绝的危险之中。应选B。32. A文章第三段主要围绕着海洋生物学家为了使牡蛎增加所采取的措施。该段末尾提到 “They failed, but they doggedly kept at it. Finally, in the 1940s a significant breakthrough was made.”由此可知海洋生物学家们失败屡次，但还是顽强地为之努力，直到取得重大突破。A 项意为“坚持的”，符合海洋生物学家们的特点。应选A。33. B文章第一段先说明了过去养殖牡蛎的方法，然后提到近期所面临的困境。第三段提 到从2()世纪初海洋生物学家便开始努力拯救牡

39、蛎，直到40年代才有了突破。由此可知本文 围绕着牡蛎养殖、按时间顺序讨论。应选B。Passage 2Items 35 to 38 are based on the following passage:I low exactly, does science work? I low do scientists go about “doing science? Ordinarily we think science proceeds in a straight-forward way. Ideally scientists make observations, formulate hypothese

40、s, and test those hypotheses by making further observations. When there is difference between what is observed and what is predicted by the hypothesis, the hypothesis is revised. Science proceeds in (his way, which is a gradual method of finding (he best in between observation and predication.But th

41、is idealized version of how one does science is naive. Although science demands proof that observations made by one observer be observable by other observers using the same methods, it is by no means clear that, even when confronted with identical phenomena, different observers will report identical

42、 observations. And it is most certain that, even if the same observations are made, the conclusions as to the meaning of the observations frequently differ.The fact is that all of us, scientists included, see differently. Variations in human perception are well known and have been studied extensivel

43、y. Distortions in perception arc frequently seen among observers, even though they may be in identical settings viewing identical phenomena. A documented misperception from history can be found in the experience of Darwin. His ship, Beagle, after anchoring off the Patagonian coast, sent off a landin

44、g party in small rowboats. Amazingly, the Patagonian natives watching from shore were blind to the Beagle, but could easily see the tiny rowboats! They had no prior experience of huge sailing ships, but small rowing vessels were an everyday part of their life. Rowboats fit their model of the world a

45、nd huge ships did not. Their model determined their perceptions.Our idea, that science proceeds on an utterly objective and straightforward basis, ignores the distortions of reality imposed by our own perceptual apparatus. In many cases we see what we have been (rained to see, what we are used to se

46、eing. If a subject is fitted with special glasses that are designed to invert the visual field, at first the subject sees every thing upside down. After a period of time, as the glasses continue to be worn, a correction is made by our perceptual mechanism and the image is flipped, so that the world

47、once again appears erect.34. What is the main idea of the passage?A. The research methods used by scientists.B. Observation and human perception variation.C. The relation between hypothesis and observation.D. The human perceptual mechanism.35. According to the author, the distortions of reality.A. a

48、re related to the method of observationcan never be avoidedB. are caused by human perceptual mechanismcan easily be corrected36. Which of the following cannot be concluded from paragraph 2?A. When people face the same phenomena, they will have the same observations.B. Variations in observation and conclusion are related to human perception.C. People using the same methods of observation can still make different observations.D. People often reach different conclusions even when they make the same ob