2020年中考英语重要题型解析完形填空之说明文含解析.docx

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1、完形填空之说明文Grass is, of course a plant which grows in the field; a plant which some kinds of animals like to eat. When there has been plenty of 1, the grass is green. When the weather has been dry, the grass is brown. Animals like to eat grass when it is 2 and fresh. And if the grass in one place is gr

2、eener than the rest, animals 3 to eat that grass. An animal in a field may look over the fence （篱笆）into the next field, where perhaps there are no animals and grass in the field 4 greener. But if the animal could get into the field, it would find that the grass is really the same. It just seems bett

3、er from a distance（远处） So that s the 5 of the expression The grass is greener on the other side of the fence. ”We sometimes only say The grass is 6 greener on the other side. We use the expression to describe the situation someone looks at distant things and feels they are better than thethings arou

4、nd him. But_ 7 he could go to the distant place, he would find that life there is just as difficult. So don t always think that other people have a better situation. Justbe 8with what you have had.1. A.rainB.2. A.greenB.3. A.refuseB.be 8with what you have had.4. A.rainB.5. A.greenB.6. A.refuseB.Enjo

5、y and value it!7. A. smells8. A. form9. A. seldom10. A. when11. A. angryB.B.snowC.brownC.preferC.tastesC.meaningC.B. sometimesB. becauseB. strictC.C.C.【文章大意】动物们喜欢吃绿色、新鲜的草，当他们在这边吃草的时候,sunlightyellowagreelooksadvicealwaysunlesshappy他们总是会觉得那边的草更绿这就是这山望着那山高”这句俗语的意思。但实际上可能并非如此，所以作者建议我们要“知足常乐 珍惜和享受现在所拥有的。

6、1. A【解析】句意：当那里有充足的雨水时，草会更绿。考查名词辨析，rain雨水，snow雪，sunlight阳 光。根据下句话When the weather has been dry, the grass is brown. n气候干燥时，草会是棕黄色的， 故与此相对，应该是“雨水充足时”，故应选A。2. A【解析】句意：动物们喜欢吃绿色新鲜的草。考查形容词辨析，green绿色的，brown棕色的，yellow 去自信，所以停止参加活动；故选B。12. C【解析】句意：自我形体影像不会因为我们年龄的增长而消失。考查动词辨析和语境。根据come来, continue继续，disappear消

7、失，happen发生；根据上文青少年注意自己的自我形体形象，和In the UK, for example, women over 50 spend more money on cosmetics （化妆品）than any other 13 group.Older men spend a lot of money trying to 14 hair loss （损失）.可知是不会因为我们年龄的增长而消失；故选C。13. A【解析】句意：50多岁的女人比其他年龄的人群花更多的钱买化妆品。考查名词辨析和语境。根据 age 年龄，job 工作，hobby 爱好，man 男人；根据 Body ima

8、ge problems don t 12 as we get older,either.可知是年龄；故选A。14. B【解析】句意：更老的男人花许多钱避免头发的损失。考查动词辨析和语境。根据make制造，avoid 避免，refuse 拒绝，protect 保护；根据 Body image problems don t 12 as we get older, either.和 women over 50 spend more money on cosmetics （化妆品）than any other 13 group.可知是避免掉发；故选B。15. D【解析】句意：自我形体影像课应该在学校被

9、提供。考查名词辨析和语境。根据supermarkets超市, streets街道，parks公园，schools学校；根据上文青少年注意自我形体影像的问题和lessons,可知 是在学校提供这样的课程；故选D。March 22 is World Water Day. It started in 1993. It not only makes us think about the importance of water, but also calls on （号召）us to and protect water. Today, we re facing terrible water proble

10、ms. Among them, the waste water problem is rather 2 , And the subject of World Water Day in 2017 is n wastewater .What is wastewater? It is used water. Usually, wastewater comes from homes, 3 , hospital and so on. It is produced by different kinds of activities, including washing machines, taking sh

11、owers and using kitchens. The rain also 4 wastewater when it is running down the street during a storm. No matter where it comes from, this kind of water is sure to have 5 harmful in it.6 must we treat （处理）wastewater? Wastewater has a big influence in our lives. Itcauses both illness for us and poll

12、ution for the environment. We must care for our environment and our own 7 .How can we treat wastewater? Different kinds of wastewater need different ways of treatment. Wastewater 8 homes can be reused. Then there will be 9 wastewater. Also, factory wastewater has to be cleaned 10 it goes back to nat

13、ure.1.A.drinkB. saveC.carryD.watch2.A.easyB.popularC.smallD.serious3.A.factoriesB.lakesC.riversD.seas4.A.gets backB.hands inC.changes intoD.picks up5.A.nothingB.somethingC.nobodyD.somebody6.A.WhatB.WhoC.WhyD.How7.A.workB.interestC.healthD.business8.A.onB.forC.withD.from9.A.lessB.moreC.betterD.worse1

14、0.A.andB.whetherC.afterD.before【文章大意】现在我们面临着严重的水问题，其中废水问题尤为严重。2017年世界水日主题为“废水”。 短文介绍了什么是废水，我们为什么要处理废水，以及如何处理废水。号召我们要节约和保护水资源。【解析】L B句意：它不仅使我们思考水的重要性，而且呼吁我们节约和保护水。A. drink喝；B. save 节约；C. carry搬运；D.watch观看。前半句提到世界水日让人们来思考水的重要性，因此我们要节约用 水，故答案为B。2. D句意:其中废水问题较为严重。A. easy容易的;B. popular流行的；C. small小的；D. s

15、erious严 重的根据后面的句子 And the subject of World Water Day in 2017 is * waste water n . 2017 年世界水日主 题为“水“。说明废水问题较为严重。故答案为Do3. A句意：通常废水来自家庭、工厂、医院等。A. factories工厂；B.lakes湖；C.rivers河流；D. seas 大海。工厂会产生工业污水，是产生废水的主要来源，故答案为A。4. C句意：暴雨期间雨水在沿着街道流淌时也会变成废水。A. gets back拿回；B. hands in上交；C. changes into变成；D. picks up捡

16、起。雨水变废水，雨水流到街道上也是废水产生的一个来源，故答案为C。5. B句意：这种水肯定含有有害物质。A. nothing没有什么；B. something某物；C. nobody没有人；D.somebody某人。雨水中含有的东西，不能用指人的不定代词来表示，排除C、D；根据生活常识可知, 废水中含有各种有害物质，故答案为B。6. C句意：我们为什么要处理废水？ A. What什么；B. Who谁；C.Why为什么；D. How怎么样。根据后面 的句子 n Wastewater has a big influence in our lives. It causes both illness

17、for us and pollution for the environment.废水对我们的生活有很大的影响。它既给我们带来疾病，也给环境带来污染。这也是处理废水的原因，因此上句是询问原因，答案为C。7. C句意:我们必须关心我们的环境和我们自己的健康。A. work工作；B. interest兴趣；C. health健 康；D. business生意。上句提到水污染会让人们产生疾病，因此我们必须要关注我们的健康问题， 故答案为C。8. D句意:家庭废水可以再利用。A. on在上面；B. for为了; C.with与一起；D. from来自。使用介词from表示废水的来源，故答案为DoA句意

18、：这样废水就会减少。A. less更少的；B. more更多；C. better更好的；D.worse更糟的。上 句提到家庭用水得到循环利用，因此废水可以有效的减少，故答案为A。9. D句意：在工厂废水回归自然之前，必须对其进行清洁。A. and和，而且；B. whether是否；C. after 在之后；D. before在之前。此句是强调工业污水必须要净化处理，肯定是是在回归自然之 前处理。故答案为I）。黄色的。根据下句话 And if the grass in one place is greener than the rest, animals 3 to eatthat grass.可

19、知，动物们喜欢吃绿色的草。故应选A。3. B【解析】句意：如果一个地方的草更绿，动物会更喜欢吃那里的草。考查动词辨析，refuse拒绝，prefer 更喜欢，agree同意。根据第2小题的注释和句意可知，如果草更绿，更新鲜，动物们就会更喜欢吃。故 应选B。4. C【解析】句意：田野里的动物可以越过篱笆望向另一片田野，那里没有动物，田野里的草也看起来更 绿。考查动词辨析，smells闻起来，tastes尝起来，looks看起来。根据句意”草的颜色应该是看到的”， 故应选C。5. B【解析】句意：所以这就是那句俗语的意思。考查名词辨析，form形式，meaning意思，advice建 议。 根据上

20、文 An animal in a field may look over the fence （篱笆）into the next field, where perhaps there are no animals and grass in thef ield 4 greener. But if the animal could get into thefield, it would find that the grass is really the same. It just seems better from a distance 可知，动物们从篱笆这边望向那边，觉得那边的草更绿，而当他们真

21、的到了那边时，会发现其实一样绿。 这几句话解释了 ”这山望着那山高”这句话俗语的意思，故应选Bo6. C【解析】句意：别的地方的草总是看起来更绿。考查副词辨析，seldom很少，sometimes有时，always 总是。根据上文提到的这个俗语The grass is greener on the other side of the fence. n可知，那 边的草总是比这边的草更绿。故应选C。7. A【解析】句意：但当他能走到远处的草地时，他会发现，那边的生活也不好过。考查连词辨析，when当. 时,because因为,unless除非。根据句意可知,这里应表示“当时候，他会发现”，故用wh

22、en引 导时间状语从句，选A。8. C【解析】句意：知足常乐。考查形容词辨析，angry生气的，strict严厉的，happy开心的。根据上 下文 So don t always think that other people have a better situation-. Enjoy and value it! 可知，作者告诉我们不要老想着别人的情况更好，要享受并且珍惜现在拥有的，知足常乐。故应选C。【点睛】这是一篇说明文，作者先讲述具体的事例，然后呈现出问题一这山望着那山高，最后提出了建议。文章通 过具体事例引出问题，使学生们在阅读时比较容易理解和把握文章主题。题型是完形填空，考查学生

23、们在 具体语境中运用语言的能力，综合性较强。做题时，应先通读短文，了解大意；然后根据上下文语境提示 做题，先易后难，注意空前后的固定搭配，并仔细辨析选项中单词的意思和用法；最后将答案代入原文， 再读一遍，检查答案是否正确。例如第2小题，考查形容词辨析，green绿色的，brown棕色的，yellow黄 色的。根据下句话And if the grass in one place is greener than the rest, animals 3 to eat that grass.可知，动物们喜欢吃绿色的草。故应选A。再如第5小题，考查名词辨析，form形式，meaning 意思，advic

24、e 建议。根据上文 An animal in a field may look over the fenceinto the next field, where perhaps there are no animals and grass in thefield 4 greener. But if the animal could get into the field, it would find that the grass is really the same. It just seems better from a distance可知，动物们从篱笆这边望向那边，觉得那边的草更绿，而当他

25、们真的到了那边时，会发现其 实一样绿。这几句话解释了 ”这山望着那山高”这句话俗语的意思，故应选B。Thanksgiving Day was coming. A teacher gave her class an interesting task 一 to draw a picture of something to express their 1.The teacher thought most of her 2 would draw turkey or some other traditional food of thefestival. And so they did. But Doug

26、las made a 3 kind of picture.Douglas was a child of unhappiness. 4 other children played together, Douglas always stoodclose by his teacher s side.His picture was special. When he was asked to draw a picture of something for which he was thankful, he drew a hand! 5 else. Just an empty hand.His work

27、caught the attention of his classmates. Whose hand could it be? Scone guessed it was the hand of a farmer, because farmers raised turkeys, others guessed it was the hand of God, because God helped everyone. The discussions 6, and they even forgot to ask the artist himself. When the discussion stoppe

28、d, the teacher asked Douglas whose hand it was. The little boy said in a low voice, It s7, teacher. She got surprised at his words. Then she 8 that she often took his hand. Sometimes she said,“Douglas, take my hand, we 11 go outside. Sometimes she said, “Let me show you how to hold your pencil.，z An

29、d she 9 said, Let s do this together. z，Her eyes were full of tears. She had done these to all her students. She didn t know these wereso10 _ to him.She hugged Douglas and decidedto give him more love.1. A.requestsB. thanksC. opinions2. A.friendsB. neighborsC. students3. A.differentB. brightC. moder

30、n4. A.AfterB. WhenC. Until5. A.NothingB. AnythingC. Everything6. A.went awayB. went onC. went up7. A. hersB. mineC. yours8. A. rememberedB.forgotC.agreedA. neverB.hardlyC.usually9. A. importantB.politeC.difficult【文章大意】这篇短文主要讲述了感恩节到了，老师给同学们布置了作业让他们画出他们想感恩，但是道 格拉斯画了一种不同的画，他画了一只手一一老师的手。1.B【解析】句意：一位老师给了

31、她的班级一项有趣的任务一一画一张图片来表达他们的感谢。A. requests 要求；B. thanks感谢；C. opinions观点。根据上文Thanksgiving Day was coming.可知下文是说表达感 谢。根据题意，故选B。2. C句意：老师认为大部分学生都会画火鸡或其他传统的节日食物。A. friends朋友们；B.neighbors邻 居们；C. students 学生们。根据下文 And so they did. But Douglas made a . . . kind of picture 可知 上文是说老实人为她大部分的学生们。根据题意，.故选C。3. A句意：但

32、是Douglas制作了不同种类的图画。A. different不同的；B. bright明亮的；C. modern 现代的。根据下文 His picture was special. When he was asked to draw a picture of something for which he was thankful, he drew a hand! . . else. Just an empty hand.可知，制作来不同种类的 画，根据题意，故选A。4. B句意：当其他孩子一起玩的时候，Douglas总是站在老师身边。A. After在之后；B.When何时;C. Until

33、直到。这里是when引导的时间状语从句。根据题意，故选B。5. A句意：他画了一只手！没有别的了。只是一只空手。A. Nothing没什么；B. Anything任何东西；C. Everything -一切东西。根据下文Just an empty hand.可知上文是没有其他什么东西。根据题意,故选A。6. B句意：因为上帝帮助了所有人。讨论还在继续，他们甚至忘了问问艺术家自己。A. went away离开； B. went on 继续；C. went up 上升。根据下文 and they even forgot to ask the artist himself.可知 上文是说讨论继续。根

34、据题意，故选B。7. B句意：那个小男孩低声说：它是你的手，老师。n A. hers他的；B. mine我的；C. yours你的。 根据下文 She got surprised at his words. Then she . that she often took his hand. Sometimes she said, Douglas, take my hand, we 11 go outside. 可知这里是对老师说是你的手,用名词性物主代词 yourso根据题意，故选B。8. A句意：然后她记得她经常拉他的手。A. remembered记住；B. forgot忘记；C. agree

35、d同意。根据下 Sometimes she said, “Douglas, take my hand, we 11 go outside. Sometimes she said, “Let me show you how to hold your pencil. z，And she . said, Let s do this together. 可矢口上文是说她 记得。根据题意，故选A。9. C句意:她通常说，我们一起做吧。A. never绝不；B. hardly几乎不；C. usually通常；根据下 文Let s do this together.可知上文是通常说。根据题意，故选C。10.

36、 A句意：她不知道这些对他这么重要。A. important重要的；B. polite礼貌的；C. difficult困难 的；根据下文She hugged Douglas and decided to give him more love,可知上文是说对他如此重要。根 据题意，故选A。Do you know that the Happy Birthday to You song is the first song sung in outer space? Apollo IX astronauts it on March 8, 1969. It is one of the most popul

37、ar English songs of all time. Here, s the story behind it.The song was written by two sisters from Kentucky, Mildred and Patty Smith Hill. It was first published under the 2 of Good Morning to All in 1893. It was used as a classroom 3.Teachers sang it each day to welcome their students to the classr

38、oom.The composer, Mildred Hill, was a concert pianist. Her sister Patty Smith Hill wrote the original （最初的） lyrics （歌词）for the song while she was a teacher in a kindergarten in Louisville, Kentucky, where Mildred also 4.The Hill sisters copyrighted （取得版权） their song on October 16, 1893. However, it

39、appeared 5their agreement in Robert H. Colemans songbook on March 4, 1924. Coleman changedprat of the lyrics to say, “Happy Birthday to You”, 6 the song still had its original title. The song was then published several times over the next ten years, often with small 7 in the lyrics. In 1934, when th

40、e song was sung every night in a Broadway Musical, another Hill sister, Jessica, went to court （法院）over the copyright problem of the song. She was 8 about the theft of the song and the failure to pay to her sisters. She 9 her case. The Hill family owned the rights to the melody and had to be 10 ever

41、y time the song was part of a commercial （商业的）production.The Hill sisters, who devoted their lives to educating children, could never imagine thatthe simple little song would continue to earn about $2 million every year.1.A. savedB.wroteC. inventedD.sang2.A. noticeB. orderC. titleD. law3.A. partyB.g

42、reetingC. discussionD.test4.A. taughtB. searchedC. forD.prepared5. A. as6. A. although7. A. chances8. A. satisfied9. A. lost10. A. paidB. underB. untilB. tasksB. gladB. wonB. praisedC. forC. becauseC. changesC. curiousC. heardC. invitedD. withoutD. afterD. signsD. angryD. droppedD. warned【文章大意】本文说的是

43、祝你生日快乐这个首歌。文章介绍了这首歌曲的作者、创作背景，以及围绕 这首歌的版权问题产生的一系列问题及其结果。1. D【解析】考查动词。saved拯救；wrote写；invented发明；sang唱歌.根据上文Do you know that the Happy Birthday to You song is the first song sung in outer space”可知，你知道生日快乐 歌这首歌是第一首在外太空被唱的歌曲吗？阿波罗九号宇航员在1969年3月8日演唱了这首歌。故选Do 2. C【解析】考查名词。notice通知；order命令，菜单；title名称，标题；law法律

44、。根据语境可知， 这首歌于1893年首次以大家早上好为标题发行。故选C。3. B【解析】考查名词。party聚会（党）；greeting问候；discussion讨论；test测验.根据下文Teachers sang it each day to welcome their students to the classroom”可知，它被用于课堂问候语。老师每 天唱着它，恭候同学们来到教室。故选B。4. A【解析】考查动词。taught教；searched搜索；for （介词）为了； prepared准备.根据语境可知， 最初的歌词是由她妹妹帕蒂斯密斯希尔写的，她妹妹在肯塔基州路易斯威尔市的一所

45、幼儿园当老师，米 尔德里德也在那里教学。故选A。5. D【解析】考查介词。as作为；under在下面；for为了； without没有。根据上文“The Hill sisterscopyrighted （取得版权）their song on October 16, 1893可知，希尔姐妹在1893年10月16日取得 她们歌曲的版权。但是似乎在罗伯特科尔曼于1924年3月4日在未经她们允许的情况下在自己的歌曲集 中更改了部分歌词，例如祝你生日快乐。故选D。6. A【解析】考查连词。although尽管；until直到；because因为；after在之后。根据语境可知,尽管这首歌还是原来的标题，

46、但是似乎罗伯特科尔曼于1924年3月4日在未经她们允许的情况下在自己 的歌曲集中更改了部分歌词，例如祝你生日快乐。故选A。7. C【解析】考查名词。chances机会；tasks任务；changes改变；signs标识。根据语境可知，这首歌 在后来的十年中出版了多次，每次歌词都做了稍稍改动。故选C。8. D【解析】考查形容词。satisfied满意;glad高兴；curious好奇的；angry生气的。根据上文“another Hill sister, Jessica, went to court over the copyright problem of the song可知，希尔的另一个

47、妹妹杰西卡，就这首歌的版权问题诉诸法院。她对盗用这首歌，并且未向她姐妹们支付金钱感到愤怒。故 选Do9B【解析】考查动词。lost失去;won赢得；heard听说；dropped跌落。根据下文The Hill family owned the rights to the melody and had to be . every time the song was part of a commercial （商业 的）production可知，她赢得官司。希尔一家取得了这首歌曲的版权，并且每次在这首歌用于商业目的 时她们要获取报酬。故选B。10. A【解析】考查动词（过去分词）。paid支付；praised赞扬；invited邀请；warned警告。根据语 境可知，希尔一家取得了这首歌曲的版权，并且每次在这首歌用于商业目的时她们要获取报酬。所以选A。Body image 一 the way people feel about their looks 一 is a big problem for many young people today. According to a 1 , more than half the teenage girls in the USA. th