毕业设计外文文献—网页设计.docx

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1、附录A外文翻译-译文局部Web design changes and morphs so quickly that it is almost impossible for us to stay on top of trends fast enough. One easy that can help is to visit popular web design forums to see whats buzzing in the community.Forums are a great place to find out whats new, whats trendy and hot for t

2、oday. Participating in forums discussions not only allow you to share your interest and first-hand tips, but to gain knowledge as well. Its also a great place to look fbr design feedback, search fbr scripts and ask fbr possible solutions when facing technical difficulties.Here are 20 web design and

3、development forums to go to when you need some guidance from fellow designers and developers.Designer Hangout:Designer Hangout is probably one of the most active community for UX designers on the web. It has over 5000 members and a quite strict vetting process as they expect high-quality discussions

4、.Launch Chat:Launch consists of designers, developers, entrepreneurs, and marketers primarily working in the tech space. Its homepage boasts of members who are nY-Combinator founders, Thiel Fellows, serial entrepreneurs, investors, and passionate makersn.frontendDevelopers:frontendDevelopers is an a

5、wesome place to find new gigs. Apart from that, you can get feedback from like-minded developers, learn the latest trends and share ideas on this forum.Digital Point:Digital Point is the largest webmaster community in the world with a huge forum. There you can find discussions on various topics, suc

6、h as Search Engines, Business & Marketing, Design, Development and Buy, Sell or Trade CoffeeCup Software was started in a real coffee shop in 1996 with a simple HTML Editor. The forum is aimed to help web designers create better websites. You can search forum discussions with the search box or via t

7、he categories.Team Sketch:Team Sketch was created specifically for Sketch designers. It is a self-help community for Sketch users. By joining the community, you can master your design skills and share Forum:Webdeveloper is a forum about general web development and programming. The site is separated

8、into sections: client side development, server side development and site management.The Web Design Forum (UK);With over 39,000 post and 2000 users, this forum is one of the most popular ones. You can get feedback on your work, find tutorials, ask questions about web design, SEO, photography, tools,

9、business, freelancing and much moreTalk Graphics:Talk Graphics is a community for graphic designers and 3D artists. The registration process requires your date of birth, username and email address. They have a lot of information about Xara products.Graphic Design Forum:GDF is one of the biggest and

10、oldest graphic design forums around with over 20k members. The community is active, large and consists of a variety of general categories about web design, business, tools and more.Stack Overflow:Ifs one of the most popular developers community site with questions and answers. You develop reputation

11、 by answering questions and upvotes. Users with higher reputation can comment, vote and even edit comments of other people.HOWDesign:HOWDesign forum is an awesome place to showcase your work and get constructive feedback from other designers. Besides, there is an active business and freelance sectio

12、n where you can get answers on your questions and find a lot of useful tips.Graphic Design Forums is a friendly community for designers of any kind and level. With over 18,000 users, the oldest message was posted back in 2008. Here you can share your ideas, ask questions and get answers.Larachat:Lar

13、achat is a Slack channel devoted to learning about Laravel, a PHP framework. Talk to some of the best minds in Laravel in this supportive community full of experienced Laravel pros ready to help.Bootstrap:Bootstrap is an HTML, CSS, and JS framework for popular UI components and interactions. You can

14、 join their great community of over 7,000 members and learn the latest Bootstrap tips and trends.Dear Designers:Dear Designers is a community devoted to helping you grow as a designer. This forum was made for new designers to ask questions and get help from the experts. While registration process, y

15、ou need to answer a few questions.W:W is a huge an old community for designers with over 55,000 members. You can find answers on your questions in the following categories Web Design, Design Software, Programming and Development, Web Marketing, Hosting and Server Setup there.HTML Forums:HTML Forums

16、is dedicated specifically to HTML and the logo says there are nelectrifying discussions there. Also, you can find information on traffic and links sale, domain names for sale, server administration and much more.The SitePoint Forums:The SitePoint Forums is a great place to find answers on your quest

17、ions about HTML, CSS, Marketing, JavaScript, PHP, .Net, Database, design and UX, hosting and more.WebdevforumsOn Webdevforums forum you can get feedback about your website, find useful tutorials, ask questions about marketing and SEO. Use categories in the bottom of the page to navigate the website.

18、Public medium (such as a newspaper column) or place used for debates in which anyone can participate. In Roman times it meant a public place at the center of a market or town where open discussions on judicial, political, and other issues were held.Graphic design forums are great medium to understan

19、d the graphic design community.You can meet other designers, ask questions, talk about the latest design news, ask for critiques of your work and much more. Being active in a design community is also another great way to promote your own work and get your name out there. If you are an active member

20、and you contribute quality posts, many forums will let you add a signature after your posts linking to your portfolio.Dont spam fbrums with links to your site or most fbrum moderators will ban you right away. If you are going to join a forums, join with the intention of becoming part of a new commun

21、ity. 1 Most forums tend to have their own unique environment, depending on the users, the layout and the forum categories, so be sure to explore each forum to see which fits you best!GDF is one of the oldest and biggest graphic design forums around with over 20k members. The community is very active

22、, very large and consists of a variety of general categories. The HOWDcsign forums arc great for showcasing your work and getting constructive feedback from other designers. They also have a very active business and freelance section where you can ask questions and find a lot of useful tips.Estetica

23、 is very popular, but tends to lean more towards chatting for enjoyment rather than for knowledge. Their off topics section is perfect for chatting with other designers about anything, but design. So if you are looking to chat with people who share common interests, than this is the graphic design f

24、orum for you.The All Graphic Design forums are very old and have an extremely active general design section where members chat about all kinds of design news and articles. They also have a great pre press section for designers looking for advice on printing and setting up filesDesign Forum is a popu

25、lar design forum which is heavily focused on UK audiences, though it does have numerous members around the world. With over 7,000 members as of 2013 and still growing. A friendly community with vast amount of informative post to choose from.Twitter is a public forum, on which people of all backgroun

26、ds with all sorts of interests may post their opinions, comments, et cetera and then receive nearly immediate feedback from those who see their tweet in their timeline.By choosing the open forum style of debate, the politicians were able to meet publicly to express their opinions and opposing viewpo

27、ints.Richard wanted to write an angry letter to the editor, but thought the newspaper page might be the wrong forum for the profane language he wanted to use.附录B外文翻译-原文局部附录网页设计的变化和变形如此之快，以至于几乎不可能以足够快的速度跟上潮 流。一个可以帮助的简单方法是访问流行的网页设计论坛，看看社区里流行的东 西。论坛是一个很好的地方,可以了解什么是新的，什么是流行的和今天的热点。 参加论坛讨论不仅可以让你提供你的兴趣和第一

28、手的小贴土，还可以获得知识。 这也是一个很好的地方来寻找设计反应，搜索脚本，并在面临技术难题时寻求可 能的解决方案。这里有20个Web设计和开发论坛，当您需要来自其他设计人员和开发人员 的指导时，您可以访问这些论坛。设计师的聚会:设计师聚会可能是网络上UX设 计师最活跃的社区之一。它有超过5000名成员和一个相当严格的审查过程，因 为他们期待高质量的讨论。启动聊天新品发布由设计师、开发人员、企业家和主 要在技术领域工作的营销人员组成。其主页上有Y-Combinator创始人、泰尔 研究员、系列企业家、投资者和充满激情的创造者”等成员。前端开发人员 :前端开发人员是一个很棒的地方来寻找新的演出。

29、除此之外，您还可以从志同道 合的开发人员那里获得反应，了解最新的趋势，并在此论坛上提供想法。Digital Point是世界上最大的网站管理员社区，拥有庞大的论坛。在那里，你可以找到 关于各种主题的讨论，如搜索引擎、商业和营销、设计、开发和购买、销售或贸 易。Coffeecup软件于1996年在一家真正的咖啡店启动，它有一个简单的HTML 编辑器。该论坛旨在帮助网页设计师创立更好的网站。您可以使用搜索框或通过 类别搜索论坛讨论。团队草图是专门为草图设计师创立的。它是草图用户的自助 社区。通过加入社区，你可以掌握你的设计技巧和提供想法。webdeveloper 是一个关于一般Web开发和编程的论

30、坛。站点分为以下几个局部：客户端开发、 服务器端开发和站点管理。网络设计论坛（英国）：这个论坛拥有超过39000个 帖子和2000个用户，是最受欢迎的论坛之一。你可以得到关于你的工作的反应， 找到教程，提出关于网页设计，搜索引擎优化，摄影，工具，商业，自由职业的 问题等等。Talk Graphics是一个面向图形设计师和3D艺术家的社区。注册过程需要您 的出生日期、用户名和电子邮件地址。他们有很多关于Xara产品的信息。平面 设计论坛:GDF是全球最大、最古老的图形设计论坛之一，拥有超过2万名会员。 这个社区是活跃的，很大的，由各种关于Web设计、业务、工具等的一般类别 组成。堆栈溢出:它是最

31、受欢迎的开发者社区网站之一，有问题和答案。你通过回 答问题和提高投票率来提高声誉。具有较高声誉的用户可以评论、投票甚至编辑 其他人的评论。HowDesignForum是一个展示您的工作并从其他设计师那里获得 建设性反应的绝佳场所。此外，还有一个活跃的商业和自由职业部门，在那里你 可以得到关于你的问题的答案，并找到很多有用的提示。平面设计论坛是一个友 好的社区，为任何类型和水平的设计师。有超过18000个用户，最早的消息是在 2008年发布的。在这里，你可以提供你的想法，提出问题并得到答案。Larachat是一个用来学习PHP框架Laravel的松弛通道。在这个充满经验丰 富的拉拉维尔专业人士的

32、支持社区里，与拉拉维尔的一些最优秀的头脑交谈，随 时准备提供帮助。引导程序是一个HTML、CSS和JS框架，用于流行的UI组件 和交互。您可以加入他们拥有超过7000名成员的伟大社区，学习最新的引导技 巧和趋势。亲爱的设计师是一个致力于帮助你成长为设计师的社区。这个论坛是 为新的设计师提出问题并得到专家的帮助而设立的。在注册过程中，您需要回答 一些问题WebDesignF是一个庞大的老社区，拥有超过55000名成员。您可以在以下类别中找到问题的答案：Web设计、设计软件、编程和开发、Web 营销、托管和服务器设置。HTML论坛是专门针对HTML的，并且该徽标表示那 里有“令人兴奋的讨论此外，您

33、还可以找到有关流量和链接销售、待售域名、 服务器管理等方面的信息。SitePoint论坛是查找有关HTML、CSS、市场营销、 javascript、php、.net、数据库、设计和UX、宿主等问题答案的好地方。在 WebDevForums论坛上，您可以获得关于您的网站的反应，找到有用的教程，询 问有关市场营销和SEO的问题。使用页面底部的类别导航网站。公共媒体（如报纸专栏）或任何人都可以参加的辩论场所。在罗马时代，它 指的是一个位于市场或城镇中心的公共场所，在那里公开讨论司法、政治和其他 问题。平面设计论坛是了解平面设计社区的重要媒介。你可以会见其他设计师, 提出问题，谈论最新的设计新闻，要

34、求对你的工作提出批评等等。活跃在设计社 区也是一个很好的方式来推广你自己的工作，让你的名字出现在那里。如果你是 一个活跃的会员，你贡献了高质量的帖子，许多论坛会让你在帖子链接到你的公 文包后添加签名。不要在论坛上发链接到你的网站，否那么大多数论坛版主都会立 即禁止你。如果你想加入一个论坛，那么加入这个论坛的目的就是成为一个新社 区的一局部。大多数论坛都有自己独特的环境，这取决于用户、布局和论坛类别， 所以一定要探索每个论坛，看看哪个最适合你！GDF是最古老和最大的图形设计论坛之一，拥有超过2万名会员。社区非常 活跃,非常庞大，由各种一般类别组成。HowDesign论坛非常适合展示您的工作， 并

35、从其他设计师那里获得建设性的反应。他们也有一个非常活跃的商业和自由职 业部门，在那里你可以问问题，并找到很多有用的提示。Estetica很受欢迎，但 更倾向于以聊天为乐而不是以知识为生。他们的非主题局部非常适合与其他设计 师谈论除设计之外的任何事情。所以，如果你想和有共同兴趣的人聊天，那么这 里是你的平面设计论坛。所有的平面设计论坛都非常古老，有一个非常活跃的总 体设计局部，在那里，会员们可以谈论各种设计新闻和文章。他们也有一个伟大 的印前局部，为设计师寻找有关打印和设置文件的建议。设计论坛是一个非常受 欢迎的设计论坛，它主要关注英国观众，尽管它在世界各地有许多成员。截至 2013年，会员人数

36、超过7000人，仍在增长。一个友好的社区，有大量的信息可 供选择。Twitter是一个公共论坛，在这个论坛上，各种背景、各种兴趣的人可以发表 他们的意见、评论等，然后从那些在时间轴上看到他们的tweet的人那里得到几 乎即时的反应。通过选择开放式论坛的辩论方式，政治家们能够公开会面，表达 他们的观点和反对意见。理查德想给编辑写封愤怒的信，但他认为报纸页面可能 是他想用的亵渎语言的错误论坛。在线讨论论坛的数据库模型。在线讨论论坛是 一个人们可以通过发布消息的形式进行对话的网站。讨论论坛允许在人们不在线 时进行对话，并且消息可能被临时存档。另外，根据论坛的设置，在其他用户看 到消息之前，可能需要经

37、过版主的批准。论坛有一组特定的术语，例如，单个会 话通常被称为“线程”。线程可以由任意多的人响应。大多数论坛都要求用户注 册并随后登录以发布消息。但是，在大多数论坛上，用户不必登录即可阅读现有 消息。这些是网站论坛的常见要求，所以让从一个基本的论坛设置开始创立一个 数据库模型，稍后可以对其进行扩展。实体:如前所述，人们以已发布消息的形式 进行会话，这些消息分组在会话中。因此，数据库需要支持有关人员或用户、对 话或线程以及消息或帖子的信息。对于在线论坛，需要创立用户-可能需要允许 用户在创立后编辑其详细信息，但可能不需要允许删除用户。用户将创立对话或 线程，通常通过在论坛上发布第一条消息，而不是显式地创立对话，但可能需要 支持这两种可能性。线程将包含由用户创立的日志。功能:发布消息是在线论坛的 主要功能。用户是否可以在邮件发布后编辑它们？用户是否可以在发布后删除邮 件？两者的答案可能都是肯定的。关系:文章链接到线程，文章由用户创立，因此 用户和文章之间将存在定义的关系。线程是由用户创立的，因此您应该在其中存 储一个关系（例如，如果某个用户被禁止访问论坛，您可能希望删除该用户创立 的所有线程和帖子）。既然知道了实体和关系，就可以构建数据库模型了，这只 需要几分钟的时间。这就是工具的用武之地。