2022北京房山高二（上）期末英语（教师版）.docx

《2022北京房山高二（上）期末英语（教师版）.docx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《2022北京房山高二（上）期末英语（教师版）.docx（14页珍藏版）》请在淘文阁 - 分享文档赚钱的网站上搜索。

1、2022北京房山高二（上）期末英 语本试卷共10页，共100分，时长90分钟。考生务必将答案答在答题卡上,在试卷上作答无效。 考试结束后，将答题卡交回，试卷自行保存。第一部分知识运用（共两节,30分）第一节（共10小题;每小题1.5分,共15分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题 卡上将该项涂黑。It was my first time skiing and I had been persuaded to come along with a group of friends. I was wondering whether I had mad

2、e a by joining them, because they all had at least some 2 of skiing in the past while I had never even had a single skiing lesson.We arrived at our destination in the afternoon and my lessons didnt start until the following moming. There was no way I was going to stay behind and 3 everyone else go o

3、ut to enjoy the skiing without me, so I grabbed my sluff and 4 out with them. Harriet, a member of our group, look pity on me and offered to pair up, giving me some 5 on how to get started.For all of about ten metres, I fell （o the ground in shame. Again （o my feet, again to the floor. And so the si

4、tuation continued until finally, just once, I caught my 6 and I was away. I darent move anything fbr fear that my run would come to an untimely end. From a few feet behind, Harriet was shouting something encouraging, trying not to ski past me and ruin my moment of 7.1 only covered a tiny distance, b

5、ut it felt 8.With proper instructions, I improved quickly. Harriet was a really 9 teacher and I had a good experience. Winter is coining again. I cant wait to head 10 to the ski resort.1. A. mistakeB. dealC. promiseD. contribution2. A. ambitionB. assistanceC. pressureD. experience3. A. suggestB. wat

6、chC. helpD. order4. A. brokeB. calledC. wentD.checked5. A. tipsB. reasonsC. commentsD. gifts6. A. tearB. balanceC. coatD. idea7. A. accidentB. creativityC. victoryD. wildness8. A. amazingB. boringC. disappointingD. relaxing9. A. confidentB. funnyC. strangeD. patient10. A. bitterlyB. curiouslyC. exci

7、tedlyD. nenously第二节（共10小题;每小题L5分,共15分）A阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白 处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。Florentijn Hofman is a Dutch artist, 11 large sculptures are on display all over the world. One way fbr him to find inspiration is thinking about his childrens toys. These 12 （object） have given him

8、 ideas for his animal sculptures, such as the famous Rubber Duck. A more recent work of his is （he huge Floating Fish,13 was set among the beautiful landscape of Wuzhen West Scenic Zone.Bcovered a liny dislance（我只滑了一小段距离）”可.知，作者取得了小小的胜利，故选C。【8题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我只滑了一小段距离，但感觉很棒。A. amazing不可思议的、感觉极好的；B.

9、 boring 无聊的：C. disappointing 令人失望的；D. relaxing 令人放松的。根据上文 “I only covered a liny distance, but it felt”中but表示转折，可知虽然滑得不远，但作者仍然感觉很棒。故选A。【9题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：哈丽特是一个很有耐心的老师，我有一个很好的经历。A. confident自信的； B. funny有趣的；C. strange奇怪的；D. patien1耐心的。结合上文可知哈丽特耐心指导作者，是个有耐心的 老师。故选D。【10题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：我迫不及待地想去滑雪胜地。A.b

10、ilterly愤怒地；B. curiously好奇地；C.excitedly兴奋地;D. nervously紧张地。根据上文“I cant wait to head”可知作者因为好的经历，喜欢上了 滑雪，迫不及待地想去滑雪胜地。故选C。第二节（共10小题;每小题L5分,共15分）【答案】11. whose12. objectswhich【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了 Floremijn Hofman是一位荷兰艺术家，他的大型雕塑作品在世界各 地展出。对他来说，寻找灵感的一种方式是思考孩子们的玩具。这些物品给了他创作动物雕塑的灵感，比 如著名的橡皮鸭。他最近的一个作品是巨大的浮鱼，它

11、被设置在乌镇西风景区的美丽风景中。II题详解】考克定语从句。句意：Florentijn Hofman是一位荷兰艺术家，他的大型雕塑作品在世界各地展出。非限制 性定语从句修饰先行词artist,先行词在从句中作定语，应关系代词whose。故填whose。【12题详解】考查名词的数。句意：这些物品给了他创作动物雕塑的灵感，比如著名的橡皮鸭。object为可数名词，由 these修饰应用复数形式。故填objectso【13题详解】考查定语从句。句意：他最近的一个作品是“巨大的浮鱼”，它被设置在乌镇西风景区的美丽风景中。此 处为非限制性定语从句修饰先行词the huge Floating Fish,先

12、行词在从句中作主语，指物，故用关系代词 whicho 故填 which o【答案】14. leftto study15. had collectedhimself【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了达尔文年轻时的南美之旅。【14题详解】考查时态。句意：1831年，他乘坐Beagle号离开英国。分析句子结构可知，设空处缺少谓语，根据时间状语in 1831可知，本句时态为一般过去时。故填lek【15题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这次旅行使他有机会研究自然环境中的各种生物。分析句子结构可知，设空处需 填入动词不定式作the chance的定语。故填to study。【16题详解】考查时态。句意

13、：达尔文在南美呆了一段时间后，船上房间里挤满了他收集的动植物样本。分析句子结 构可知，设空处缺少从句的谓语，主句为一般过去时，从句的动作发生在主句动作之前，因而需用过去完 成时。故填 had collected。【17题详解】考克反身代词。句意：当他研究这些时，他问自己一个问题：不同的物种是如何存在的？分析句子结构可 知，设空处缺少宾语，宾语与主语he为同一人，因而用反身代词。故填himself。【答案】18. turningcompletely19. stronger【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要说明了在大多数国家，18岁标志着成年的开始。但是，到了成年这一里程 碑，究竟意味着什么呢？

14、你能完全掌控自己的生活，并能以新的、令人兴奋的方式表达自己吗？它会带来 什么新的责任？ 一些年轻人开始比以前更关心他人，培养了更强的社会责任感。【18题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：在大多数国家，18岁标志着成年的开始。作主语，turn应用动名词形式。故填（urningo【19题详解】考查副词。句意：你能完全掌控自己的生活，并能以新的、令人兴奋的方式表达自己吗？修饰后文介词短 语应用副词 completely,故填 completely【20题详解】考查比较级。句意：一些年轻人开始比以前更关心他人，培养了更强的社会责任感。根据后文than before 可知应用比较级。故填stronger。第二

15、部分阅读理解（共两节,38分）【答案】21. D 22. C 23. B【解析】【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了去秘鲁旅行的四种旅游套锭。【21题详解】细节理解题。根据 Machu Picchu Tour 中 “ Especially amazing is the Incas5 dry stone method of building.（尤其 令人惊叹的是印加人的干石建造法）”可.知，马丘比丘之旅的独特之处在于人们可以知道印加人的干石建造 方法。故选D项。【22题详解】细节理解题。根据 Cusco Tour 部分中 “ Spend four days enjoying the unique

16、Spanish and local Indian culture high in the Andes at Cusco, the capital of the Inca Empire from the 13th until the 16th century.（在安第斯山脉高处 的库斯科，花四天时间欣赏独特的西班牙和当地的印度文化，库斯科是13世纪至16世纪印加帝国的首 都）”可知，你会向喜欢印度当地文化的人推荐Cusco Tour。故选C。【23题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段Peru is a country on the Pacific coast of South America with

17、 three main areas: narrow, dry, flat land running along （he coast, the Andes Mountains, and the Amazon rainforest.（秘鲁是南美洲太 平洋沿岸的一个国家，主要有三个地区：狭窄、干燥、平坦的海岸、安第斯山脉和亚马逊雨林）”可知，本 文是一篇关于去秘鲁旅行包价旅游的广告宣传，因此你最可能在旅行手册上读到这篇文章。故选B项。【答案】24. A 25. C 26. C 27. B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。作者在文中记录了去西藏观察藏羚羊的经历，并且在与导游扎西的沟通中了 解到保护藏羚

18、羊，保护自然的重要性。由此感悟：人类应与自然和谐共生。【24题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段 “On the grassland in front of us, we can just make out a herd of graceful animals. This is why wee here to observe Tibetan antelopes.（在我们面前的草地上，勉强可以辨认出一群姿态优美的动 物。这就是我们来这里的原因一一观察藏羚羊）”可知，作者去西藏的目的是为了观察姿态优美的动物一 藏羚羊。故选A。【25题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段中“The 1980s and 1990s

19、 were bad times for （he Tibetan antelope. The population dropped by more than 50 percent. Hunters were shooting antelopes to make money.（上世纪八九十年代是藏玲羊 的艰难时期。数量下降了 50%以上。猎人们猎杀羚羊来赚钱）”可知，在上世纪八九十年代，藏羚羊被猎人 为了钱枪杀了。故选C。【26题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中My guide is Zhaxi, a villager from Changtang. He works at the Changtan

20、g National Nature Reserve. It covers an area of about 120,000 square miles. The reserve is a shelter for the animals and plants of northweslemTibet.（我的导游是长塘村民扎西。他在羌塘国家级自然保护区工作。它占地约12 万平方英里。该保护区是西藏西北部动植物的避难所）”可知，羌塘国家级自然保护区的建立是为了保护生 活在那里的野生动物。故选C。【27题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Much is being done to protect wild

21、life, but if we really want to save the planet, we must change our way of life. Only when we learn to exist in harmony with nature can we stop being a threat to wildlife and to our planel.（保护野生动物已经做了很多工作，但如果我们真的想拯救地球，我们必须改变我 们的生活方式。只有当我们学会与自然和谐共处时，我们才能不再威胁野生动物和我们的星球）”可推知, 作者想告诉我们保护野生动物就是保护我们自己。故选B。【

22、答案】28. D 29. D 30. A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。讲述由于气候变化和栖息地的破坏，导致蜜蜂的数量在减少，并说明了蜜蜂 减少给人类和其他生物带来危害。呼吁人们提高对蜜蜂所面临问题的认识，并寻找行动小组以查看是否有 计划提供帮助。【28题详解】细节理解题。根据原文第三段“If a bcc species dies out, the plants and trees that depend on it arc affected too; in turn, the creatures who feed or live on those plants are affected a

23、nd so on up （he food chain. ” （如果种蜜蜂灭 绝了，依赖它生存的植物和树木也会受到影响；反过来，以这些植物为食或生活的生物也会受到影响，如 此循环往复。）可知如果一种蜜蜂灭绝了，有些生物将会受影响。故选D项。【29题详解】词义猜测题。根据原文第三段 “we couldift survive without pollinators （传粉者）一but their extinction would have an impact well beyond their role in providing the food we eat. 0 （没有传粉者我们就无法生存 但它

24、们 的灭绝将产生的影响远远超出它们为我们提供食物的作用）可知没有传粉者我们无法生存，这是非常具有 危害性的。A. Limited有限的；B Effective有效的；C. Renewable可再生的；D. Harmful有害的。故选D 项。【30题详解】推理判断题。文章前面提出蜜蜂的减少和假设某一种类的灭绝将会造成的危害，并由文章最后一段“Some environmental protection organizations and other charities are working hard to raise awareness of the problems bees are faci

25、ng. Supporting these groups is one way of helping bees through raising funds, following them on social media and sharing campaign details.M （一些环保组织和其他慈善机构正在努力提高人们对蜜蜂所面临 问题的认识。支持这些团体是帮助蜜蜂的一种方式一一通过筹集资金、在社交媒体上关注它们并分享活动 细节。）可知作者意呼吁人们要提高对蜜蜂所面临的问题的认识以及这些问题会给人类和其他生物带来的 危害，希望人们要做点事情去拯救蜜蜂。故选A项。【答案】31. D 32.

26、C 33. B 34. A【解析】【导语】这是篇说明文。文章主要说明了红树林对生态系统的重要作用以及为保护红树林斯里兰卡所采 取的一些措施。31题详解】细节理解题。根据第段中“The mangrove tree might not look very impressive, bu（ it is an essential part of our ecosyslem.（红树林可能看起来不是很令人印象深刻，但它是我们生态系统的重要组成部分）”可知，红树林 不那么令人印象深刻，但对生态系统很重要。故选D。【32题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中“ However, one country in Asia

27、 has gone further by having a five-year program to protect and conserve all their mangroves. They even have a mangrove museum and observe World Mangrove Day. This country is Sri Lanka.（然而，亚洲有一个国家走得更远，制定了一项为期五年的计划来保护和保护他们 所有的红树林。他们甚至有个红树林博物馆，并庆祝世界红树林日。这个国家就是斯里兰卡）”可知，斯 里兰卡采取启动一项为期五年的红树林保护计划，来保护红树林。故选C

28、。【33题详解】主旨大意题。根据第四段“The mangroves also quickly absorb carbon dioxide and send oxygen into the atmosphere. This makes them an important part of （he fight against climate change. They absorb far more carbon dioxide than other types of forest, and store it in their structure and even in the soil. This

29、is important as carbon dioxide in the atmosphere is believed to be a cause of detrimental changes in the weather, such as global warming.（红树林还能迅速吸收二氧化碳，并将氧气输送到大气中。这使它们成为对抗气候变化的重要组成 部分。它们比其他类型的森林吸收更多的二氧化碳，并将其储存在它们的结构中，甚至储存在土壤中。这 一点很重要，因为大气中的二氧化碳被认为是造成全球变暖等有害天气变化的原因）”可知，第四段主要讲 了红树林对应对气候变化至关重要。故选B。【34题

30、详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段Sri Lanka is showing that a nation can preserve all of its mangroves. The consen ation model they have can be used by other countries. It might take many years of planning, but the benefits of saving mangroves definilely outweigh the costs.（斯里兰卡正在展示一个国家可以保护它所有的红树林。他 们的保护模式可以被其他国家借鉴。这可

31、能需要多年的规划，但拯救红树林的好处绝时大于成本）”可推 知，作者对未来保护红树林的态度是积极的。故选A。第二节（共5小题海小题2分，共10分）【答案】35. G 36. F 37. C 38. E 39. A【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了好的语言学习者是如何学习语言的。【35题详解】根据前文A lot of people think that they are not good at learning a new language.（很多人认为他们不擅长学习 一门新语言）“及后文Good language learners look for opportunities to he

32、ar and use the new language outside of the classroom on a daily basis and consequently learn the language more quickly.（好的语言学习者每天都在课 堂外寻找机会听和使用新语言，从而更快地学习语言）”可知，空处应该和上文是转折关系，同时引起下 文，指出虽然很多人不认为自己不擅长学习一门语言，但是我们可以向优秀的语言者学习，G项“ However, we can learn from good language learners to become belter at langua

33、ges.（然而，我们可以从优秀的 语言学习者那里学习，以提高语言水平）”承上启下。故选G.【36题详解】根据后文 “For instance, they can talk （o salesmen, join sports clubs, or even talk （o people in coffee stores. They might read newspapers and magazines in that language, watch movies, listen （o podcasts, or join chat rooms.（例 如，他们可以与销售员交谈，加入体育俱乐部，甚至与咖啡

34、店的人交谈。他们可能会阅读该种语言的报纸 和杂志，看电影，听播客，或者加入聊天室）”可知，后文列举的都是在某种语言环境中学习该种语言的途 径，承接 了 F 项 “ If theyre studying in a country where the language is spoken, this is easy to do.（如果他们在一 个说这种语言的国家学习，这很容易做到）”。故选F。【37题详解】根据后文“The point is that good language learners are creative and do not easily give up.（关键是,好的语言学 习

35、者是有创造力的，不会轻易放弃）”可知，好的语言学习者会通过多种途径去表达自己，C项“Ifthat docs not work, they might even try drawing it or acting it out.（如果这不起作用,他们甚至可能尝试画出来或表 演出来）”中的画出来或表演出来是创造力的一种体现。故选C。【38题详解】后 文 “Asa result, instead of being embarrassed by a mistake or getting frustrated when they do not understand, they see it as gain

36、ing a learning opportunity4因此，他们不会因为一个错误而感到尴尬，也不会因为不理解而 感到沮丧，而是将其视为获得了一个学习机会）”中的mistake与E项“They understand that making mistakes is natural and is necessary to learn.（他们明白犯错误是自然的,是学习的必要条件）”呼应,承接E 项内容。故选E。【39题详解】根据后文“It cannot be done in just a few months.（这不可能在几个月内完成）”可知，这里在说学习语言的时 间问题，A项“Becoming fl

37、uent in a language takes time.（掌握一门语言需要时间）”引出下文。故选A。第三部分书面表达（共两节,32分）答案】40. They started as a form of folk art in the Tang and Song Dynasties in China.41. Chinese knots perfectly serve as a way to express peoples strong wishes for good things like joy, love and good luck.42. A Chinese knots come in

38、different sizes, styles, and each knot is made of several strings.Each knot is made of a single string of cotton, silk, gold or silver.43.1 would like to choose paper cuts with the Chinese character Fu” as a gift. Because it is a Chinese folk art and it can express my best wishes for good luck. What

39、s more, paper cuts can be used to decorate their rooms.【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国结的寓意及其在日常生活中的广泛应用。【40题详解】考查细节理解。根据第一段中“They began as a form of folk art in the Tang and Song Dynasties in China.（它们 起源于中国唐宋时期的一种民间艺术形式）”可知，中国结起源于中国唐宋时期的一种民间艺术形式。故答 案为 They started as a form of folk art in the Tang and So

40、ng Dynasties in China.【41题详解】考查细节理解。根据第二段中 “As a result, Chinese knots perfectly serve as a way to express peoples strong wishes for good things like joy, love and good luck.（因此，中国结完美地表达了人们对快乐、爱情和好运等美 好事物的强烈愿望）”可知，中国结完美地表达了人们对快乐、爱情和好运等美好事物的强烈愿望。故答案 为 Chinese knots perfectly serve as a way to express

41、 peoples strong wishes fbr good things like joy, love and good luck.【42题详解】考查细节理解。根据倒数第二段中“Each knot is made of a single string of cotton, silk, gold or silver, and named according to its shape and meaning.（每个结都是由一串棉花，丝绸，金或白银制成，并根据其形状和 意义命名）”可知，错误的部分是“several strings”，每个结由一串棉花、丝绸、黄金或白银制成。故答案 为 Chine

42、se knots come in different sizes, styles, and each knot is made of several strings. Each knot is made of a single string of cotton, silk, gold or silver.【43题详解】开放性题目。题干：除了中国结，你还会选择什么礼物作为代表中国文化的礼物送给外国朋友呢？为什 么？可回答：我想选择有“福”字的剪纸作为礼物。因为它是中国民间艺术，它可以表达我对好运的祝 福。更重要的是，剪纸可以用来装饰他们的房间。故答案为I would like to choose

43、 p叩er cuts with the Chinese character Fu as a gift. Because it is a Chinese folk art and it can express my best wishes for good luck. Whats more, paper cuts can be used to decorate their rooms.第二节（20分）44.答案One possible version: Dear Jim,Im Li Hua, a student of Senior Two. I am writing to invite you

44、to be the judge of our English speech competition, which will be held on March 12th online.It will start at 2 p.m. and last about two hours. The student representative from each class will make a speech on the topic of “My Green Action. Each student will have 5 minutes to finish the speech. As a jud

45、ge, you are expected to give scores for each student and make comments according to their presentation online. Would you like to be the judge? Wc sincerely hope that you will accept our invitation.Looking forward to your reply.Yours, Li Hua 【解析】【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给外教Jim写封邮件，邀请他担任线上英语演讲比赛的评 委。【详解】1

46、.词汇积累演讲：speech address比赛：competitioncontest主题:topictheme真诚地：sincerelygenuinely2.句式拓展简单句变复合句原句：Im Li Hua, a student of Senior Two.拓展句：Im Li Hua, who is a student of Senior Two.【点睛】【高分句型 1 I am writing to invite you to be the judge of our English speech competition, which will be held on March 12th on

47、line.（运用了 which引导的非限制性定语从句）【高分句型 2 Wc sincerely hope that you will accept our invitation.（运用 T that 引导的宾语从句）阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白 处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。The young man in question, Charles Darwin, was a geologist and naturalist, fascinated by rocks, plants and animals. He 14 (leave)

48、 England on ihe ship, (he Beagle, in 1831. The journey gave him (he chance15 (study) various living things in their natural environments. After Darwin had spent some time in South America, his room on the ship was crowded with samples of the plants and animals he 16 (collect). As he studied these, he asked 17 (he) the question: how did different species come to exist?C 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白 处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。In most countries, 18 (turn) 18 marks (he start of adulthood. But what does reaching this milestone, the age of majority, really mean? Wi