解析：山东省青岛市学年高三上学期期初测试英语试卷 （原卷版）.docx

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1、2022年高三年级期初调研检测英语试题考前须知:1 .答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。2 .回答选择题时，选出每题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改 动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在 本试卷上无效。3 .考试结束后，本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一局部听力（共两节，总分值30分） 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂 到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题；每题L5分，总分值7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最

2、正确选 项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅 读一遍。1. What will the man do?A. Head for lunch. B. Meet the manager. C. Lend a hand.2. Where are probably the speakers?A. In a kitchen. B. In a restaurant. C. In a supermarket.3. Why was Jenny absent from school?A. She was ill. B. She overslept. C. She had

3、 to look after her mother.4. What are the speakers talking about?A. A holiday plan. B. The mans relatives. C. The mans invitation.5. How does the woman sound?A. Helpful. B. Grateful. C. Anxious.第二节（共15小题；每题L5分，总分值22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项 中选出最正确选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个

4、小 题，每题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。2.个人感受。注意：1 .写作词数应为80左右；.请在答题卡的相应位置作答。第二节（总分值25分）47.阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。Watering is key to growing plants well, so here we look at how to get it just right. This not only means providing the water our gardens need but using it wisely. Wat

5、er is a precious resource and supplies in the UK are under pressure from the effects of climate change, population increase and the need to protect the environment. Generally, several aspects need to be considered.When to waterWater in the mornings, if you can, as this is when the sun comes up and p

6、lants start to transpire （蒸腾）in sunlight, drawing water from the soil, through their roots, up their stems and to their leaves. Evening watering is also fine, as the cooler conditions mean less water is lost to evaporation （蒸发）.Watering in the heat of the day is not a good idea, as much water is los

7、t through evaporation from the surface of the soil. Plants will use water more efficiently if watered in the cooler parts of the day.How to waterWatering thoroughly matters. It helps get the water down to the deeper root tips where its needed. But, equally important, the soil doesnt have to be reall

8、y wet all the time because plants roots need air as well as water to grow well. Otherwise, there might be no flower or fruit, and even a worse result might come along.Other tipsTo use water in the most economical way, its good to learn different plants watering requirements. For example, a container

9、 plant in hot sunny weather may need watering daily, whereas a mature shrub might only need a drink in extreme drought. Annual flowers and vegetables produced in the spring are likely to need more watering than self-sown or autumn grown plants as they have new and shallow root systems. So, dont trea

10、t all the plants inthe same way.听力答案：l.C 2.B 3. A 4. A 5.C 6. A 7. C 8. B 9. C 10. A 11. B 12. C 13. A 14. A 15. B 16.C 17. A 18. B 19. B 20. C6. What is the woman dissatisfied with about the red sweater?A. The price. B. The style. C. The material.7. What is the woman likely to do next?A. Go to anot

11、her store. B. Try on the green dress. C. Buy the pink dress.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。8. What kind of room does the man prefer?A. A double room. B. A single room. C. A suite.9. What is the mans requirement for the room?A. It has beautiful scenery. B. It is on the lower floor. C. It is smoke-free.听第8段材料，回答第10至1

12、2题。10. What does the man ask the woman about?A. Her work schedule. B. Her hotel information. C. Her flight number.11. What will the woman do on October 12th?A. Visit some factories. B. Have a conference. C. Sign a contract.12. Where is the woman now?A. In Milan. B. In Venice. C. In Sao Paulo.听第9段材料，

13、回答第13至16题。13. Where does the conversation take place?A. At an airport. B. On a plane. C. In a taxi.14. What does the man think of the woman?A. She is warm-hearted. B. She is modest. C. She is knowledgeable.15. What is the man going to do next?A. Visit Los Angeles. B. Pick up his baggage. C. Catch hi

14、s flight.16. What is the probable relationship between the speakers?A. Family members. B. Close friends. C. Fellow passengers.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17. What is the main purpose of the talk?A. To share some useful apps. B. To show the power of sound. C. To explain the causes of hearing loss.18. What can

15、users hear at A Soft Murmur?A. Ocean noises. B. White noise. C. Water, field and forest noises.19. Who is probably Robert?A. A reporter. B. A user. C. An ear specialist.20. What does Robert say about the device?A. Its affordable. B. Its convenient. C. Its enjoyable.第二局部 阅读（共两节，总分值50分）第一节（共15小题；每题2.5

16、分，总分值375分）阅读以下短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最正确选项。Community colleges offer low tuition, job-specific training and other benefits. Whether youre a high school student unsure of which colleges to apply to or someone considering going back to school, there are plenty of reasons to put community colleges on yo

17、ur list.Lower CostsThe most frequently cited benefit of community colleges is the relatively low cost of attendance. According to data from the College Board, community colleges cost, on average, about one-third of in-state tuition at four-year public universities.A Path to a Four-year CollegeMany f

18、our-year universities have transfer agreements with local community colleges. These agreements allow students who complete specific requirements to easily transfer into a four-year program at a nearby university. Transfer students can then earn a bachelors degree while only having to pay two years o

19、f higher tuition.FlexibilityCommunity colleges allow for flexible scheduling, making them a particularly good option for older students who are working professionals or parents. Many community colleges also allow high school students to take college-level courses during evenings or weekends.Workforc

20、e TrainingCommunity colleges tend to offer a wide range of career and technical education programs in fields like nursing or firefighting. The highly applied nature of these programs prepares students for entering the workforce. From culinary （烹饪）arts to automobile mechanics, community colleges offe

21、r a broad selection of professionalized coursework that four-year universities often do not.1. Who are most likely to attend community colleges?A. High school students facing college choices.B. Adults planning to work at high schools.C. College students anxious to improve themselves.D. Professionals

22、 eager for college-level courses.2. Which is thought to be the biggest advantage of community colleges?A. Lower Costs.B. A Path to a Four-year College.C. Flexibility.D. Workforce Training.3. Which of the following can best describe the workforce training programs?A. Interesting.B. Time-consuming. C.

23、 Practical.D. Demanding.BValerie Bolduc is exploring a path under a four-lane highway to fit wildlife cameras, when she gets stuck in the mud. “I am really stuck J says the road ecology student, trying to pull her feet out of a streambed that travels through the concrete culvert。函同）of Quebec Route 1

24、17. I do not want to be a deer going through that.”Bolducs dilemma makes evident the risks fbr wild animals using the same path.A warming climate is pushing many animals to migrate toward higher latitudes （纬度）to remain within their desirable environments, but that comes with risks as they cross dang

25、erous areas, such as highways. In eastern Canada, Bolduc and other researchers and conservationists are trying to preserve safe corridors （走廊）for wildlife.The motion-activated cameras they have brought will record which species are using the tunnels. An outwardfacing camera will identify what animal

26、s approach but do not enter, perhaps prevented by traffic noise, the tunnels size or other factors.Bolduc explains that this highway running through southern Quebec separates a series of Canadian national and regional parks on either side, along with their animal populations. If s super important/9

27、she notes, because the animals want to move north and they encounter these and then can they move through? Will they get hit by a car? Well need to figure that out. And we need to help them, at least I want to help them.After finishing fitting their cameras on the northbound side of the highway, Bol

28、duc and her team decide they need an alternate path to the other side to avoid another misfortune in the mud. Were generally trying to be safe/9 Bolduc says, “but fbr the animals, this is their life!What can we learn from Bolducs experience of being trapped?A. It is difficult to fit wildlife cameras

29、.B. She is out of luck during the exploration.C. Road conditions of the highway are unexpected.D. It is dangerous for wild animals to cross this area.4. What do these animals move to higher latitudes for?A. Less traffic noise.B. Warmer climate.C. Safe corridors.D. Favorable environments.5. What func

30、tion is expected of the wildlife cameras?A. To record the changes in traffic flow.B. To figure out difficulties wild animals face.C. To track animals in and around the tunnels.D. To photograph the living environment of wild animals.6. Which of the following can be the best title for the text?A. High

31、 Tech Protects WildlifeB. Animal Migration Is under ThreatC. Ecologists Fear the Future of WildlifeD. Researchers Seek Paths for Animals to MigrateCCovered in lush fur, the thickest in the animal kingdom, sea otters （海獭）can live their entire lives in the ocean, feeding heavily upon seafloor animals

32、such as shellfish. They are often seen to eat clams（蛤）,which bury themselves in meadows of eelgrass （大叶藻场），a wide-ranging plant species growing in water. Eelgrass meadows where sea otters dig for clams become partly bare, which is commonly a concern for ecologists.As it turns out, the meadows with o

33、tters are healthier, with more eelgrass, according to a new study published in Science. That*s because by gently disturbing the seabed, the otters make the plants flower and produce seeds. Whats more, their digging provides more space and sunlight for seeds to settle and grow. The enhanced genetic d

34、iversity caused by sea otters could make eelgrass more adaptable to present and future threats.The finding is a powerful example of how animals such as otters influence their ecosystems beyond predation （捕食），often in unseen and little-known ways, says study leader Erin Foster, a research associate a

35、t the HakaiInstitute. It also means sea otters, an endangered species, are vital to their environments and give eelgrass, which is in danger worldwide, a better chance at staying healthy and surviving.Seagrass habitats are also important for many fish, providing food for animals, absorbing, and filt

36、ering harmful pollution and bacteria from the water. Genetic diversity typically strengthens the adaptability of species, and considering the challenges we*re facing.this will be important for eelgrass meadows, and from this aspect, the impact the otters are having deserves our lasting concern/ says

37、 Foster.7. What do we know about sea otters?A. They live part of their lives underwater.C. They eat clams beneath eelgrass meadows.9. How does the author develop paragraph 2?A By giving opinions.8. They mainly feed on sea animals like fish.D. They become a new concern for ecologistsB. By presenting

38、reasons.C. By clarifying concepts.D. By comparing results.10. Why does the author mention the endangered condition of eelgrass?A. To provide examples of sea otters1 predation.B. To show the urgency to protect the environment.C. To highlight the role of otters in their ecosystems.D. To warn against t

39、he potential risk of climate change.11. What does Foster think of the impact otters have on underwater meadows?A. Overestimated.B. Noteworthy.C. Temporary.D. Unpredictable.DWinter may be seen as the time to fill up with comfort food, but in fact, the sunny summer months are when men eat more calorie

40、s-unlike women. The effect may occur because sunlight makes the skin release an appetitestimulating hormone called ghrelin （饥饿激素）J says Carmit Levy at Tel Aviv University.Levy and her team noticed the unexpected effect in experiments in mice that investigated mechanisms （机 制）behind skin cancer, in w

41、hich male animals exposed to UV light ate more food. To see if humans do the same, the researchers used existing data on 3,000 people who had filled in dietary questionnaires as part of the governments regular national health and nutrition survey. Between March and September, men consumed about 17 p

42、ercent more calories per day than they did during the rest of the year while womens food intake stayed about the same.Human appetite is influenced by many systems, but ghrelin seems to be the only hormone that directly stimulates eating. It was thought to be mainly secreted by the stomach when empty

43、. It tells the brain to eat more J says Caroline Gorvin at the University of Birmingham.Further investigation revealed that exposing male mice to UVB radiation raised levels of ghrelin secretion by fat cells in their skin. Boosted levels of ghrelin were also seen in skin samples that were taken from

44、 men and exposed to UV light in the lab. Gorvin says the skin hadnt previously been thought to play a role in appetite. If its real, its quite exciting and we should spare no efforts to get to the bottom J she says.It is unclear why the effect happens, but it may be an adaptive response to fuel grea

45、ter physical activity in summer, says Gorvin. “As the largest organ of the body, it makes sense that the skin can sense the environment, sensing that there is UV now, that now is the time to go out.” 12. What can we learn about the effect from paragraph 1 ?A. Humans tend to eat more food in winter.B

46、. Our skin contains a hormone that makes us active.C. Summer sunlight seems to boost mens calorie intake.D. Women suffer loss of appetite because of summer heat.13. What helped the team look into the effect on humans?A. Doing experiments in UV light.B. Analysing existing data offered.C. Carrying out

47、 dietary questionnaires.D. Surveying national health condition.14. What does the underlined word secreted“ mean in paragraph 3?A. Balanced.B. Influenced.C. Raised.D. Produced.15. What can we learn from Gorvins words?A The skin is a decisive factor in physical activities.B. Exposure to UV light contr

48、ibutes to calorie burnup.C. The role of the skin in appetite needs further research.D. Higher food intake makes men gain weight in summer.第二节（共5小题；每题2.5分，总分值12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最正确选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Surprise is the error signal our brains produce when something unexpected happens. It is a dopamine （多 巴月安）trigger, producing the neurotransmitter （神经递质）that drives attention and motivation. 16 It makes us stop, notice, and learn.In his book The Power of Surprise. Rousell presents his finding from decades of his research:17They form our