解析：福建省福州第一中学高三上学期第一次调研测试英语试题（解析版）.docx

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1、福建省福州第一中学高三第一次调研测试英语第一部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ACool InventionsFor Light SleepersMillions of people have trouble falling asleep each night, which is why LightSleepcr was created.Developed in the United Kingdom, LightSlccpcrs makers say it can help a pe

2、rson fall asleep and also help a person fall back to sleep after waking up in the middle of the night.LightSleeper works by projecting （投射）a light onto the ceiling while the person is lying down. The idea is to watch the light, because （he light moving in a circle has a relaxing effect.One of the ad

3、vantages of the product is that it wont disturb other people in the room. The product can be easily moved and will switch itself off after 30 minutes to save power.Stop the Snoring （打鼾）Heres a new product designed to slow down the frequency and level of your snoring. The Snore Stopper has a sensitiv

4、e instrument that will detect when youre snoring. Once it does that, it will send a very mild electronic signal to your wrist. This consequently changes your sleeping position to stop you from snoring. The Snore Stopper wont cause any damage to your body.Get Your True ColorsPhotoshop features a pen

5、that will copy the color settings of what you are monitoring on screen to use as a color in your program. Now an off-line product allows you to pick a color when not using the computer software.The Color Picker is a concept pen. After placing the pen against an object, the user just presses the scan

6、 button. Color sensors （感应器）inside （he pen send information to a box, which then mixes red, green and blue to produce the desired ink color.Keep It FreshMore high technology products are showing up in the kitchen. A new Bagel dome （圆I丁贝形物）advertisesthat it will keep your baked goods fresher for long

7、er periods of time. The product, which is able to remove air, works for bread rolls, cakes and other perishables. To use it, you just push a button at the top.F. Aim for something simple that you and the other person can observe togetherIts all about creating a comibrtable opportunity fbr the other

8、person to respond【答案】17.E18.G19.F20. A21.C【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了在社交中要避免犯的一些错误。【详解】1.由上文“First, wait for a rest.（首先,等着休息时）可知,当别人正在交谈时,你首先做的是等待, 结合空后“thatlyourchance.（那是你的机会）可知，空处应该是描写等待之后，你需要做什么能和别人开 始交谈，E 选项 “Then once you have someones attention or receive a nonverbal go-ahead ” （然后一旦你引起了 别人的注意，或者

9、收到了一个非语言的请求）符合语境，引起下文，故选E。2.由上文 u If someone appears distant or lost in thought, moving into （heir personal space and saying “hello” is hardly a way to start a conversation. Try asking permission （eg, Excuse me, do you mind if I ask you something?） and make sure you have a fully formed question or c

10、omment in mind （e.g., “Are you having a good time?）.”（如果某人看起来离你很远，或者某人正在陷入了沉思，那么进入他的私人空间并说“你好”，这 不是开始谈话的方式。试着征求许可（例如：“对不起，我能问你一些事情吗？ ”），确保你脑子里有一个完 整的问题或评论（例如，“你玩得开心吗？ ”）可知，此处描写了开始谈话前，你要有所准备，由此可以推 断出，空处应该是描写你这样做的好处，G 选项ls all about creating a comfbrtablc opportunity for the other person to respond（这只

11、是为对方创造一个舒适的回应机会）符合，对上文做出总结，故选G。3.由上文 “ If youre talking to someone new, its generally best not to talk about weighty or o仁pulling lopics.（如果你和个陌生人谈话，最好不要谈论有分量的话题）可知，此处指出不要和陌生人谈一些有分 量的话题，结合下文“Maybe its the music youre both hearing, or the food youre both tasting. （也许是你们 都在听的音乐，或者是你们都在品尝的食物）可知，空后指出要谈论

12、简单话题的具体做法，由此可以推断出， 空处应该是指出要谈论简单话题，F 选项Aim for something simple that you and the other person can observe together（以一些简单的，你和其他人都能观察到的东西为目标）符合，引起下文，故选F。4 .分析文章结构可知，每一段前面有一个小标题，描写的是你在社交中可能会犯的一个错误，根据本段内容 “Once youve made a connechon with each other, keep （hat connection going by making yourself easy tou

13、nderstand. If you speak different languages, for. example, slow your speech and pronounce clearly. If they ask you what you do fbr work, dont use a lot of technical expressions.v （一旦你们彼此建立 了 联系，通过让自己更容易 理解来保持这种联系。如果你说不同的语言。例如，你要放慢讲话速度，发音清晰。如果他们问你是做什 么工作的，不要用太多专业术语）可知，本段主要讲了在社交中要放慢语速，发音清晰，以及用简单的语言 使别

14、人听懂，所以可以推断出，空处应该是你可能会犯让别人听不懂的错误，A选项“Being hard to follow（很难让别人听懂）符合，故选A。5 .由上文 “Its often said that people love to talk about themselves, and that asking questions is the secret to good conversations.”（人们常说，人们喜欢谈论自己，提问是良好谈话的秘诀）和下文“Nobody likes to feel interrogated（审问）,so if you sense that questions

15、arent welcome, back off. ”（没人喜欢被审问，所以如果你觉得 问问题不受欢迎，那么就别问了）可知，空前内容提出人们常说，提问能使交谈更好进行下去，而空后指出 有些人不喜欢一致被提问，所以空前空后是转折关系，由此可以推断出，空处应该是过渡句，描述并不是 提问问题适合所有人，C选项“But thats not true for everyone（但是，那并不适合所有人）符合，故选C。 第二部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。When things aro

16、und the house stop working, what do you do with them? If youre like a lot of people, you probably just 22 them away.In some areas ifs difficult to find people who can make repairs, and 23 things can be expensive. Also,some small objects are so inexpensive that its easier to 24 buy a new one.In 2009,

17、 Martine Postma from Netherlands decided there must be a better way. Her 25 was Repair Cafes: places where people can take damaged items. There they will find tools, 26 and volunteer experts to help with repairs.Postmas first Repair Cafe opened on Oct. 18, 2009, in Amsterdam, and was a huge 27. News

18、 of thecafe spread, and people began asking how （hey could 28 their own. In 2011, Postma established the Repair Cafe Foundation. This 29 organization provides guidance to those hoping to begin their own neighborhood repair group. Today, there are roughly 2.000 Repair cafes around the world. Everythi

19、ng is free, but donations are greatly 3（）.The cafes not only provide help with repairs, they also 3community ties. Neighbors32 one another as they work together on projects. In addition, valuable 33 is passed alongand preserved.In an interview, Postma described how 34 it is watching people who reall

20、y want to help one another.Postma summed up the 35 of Repair Cafes best in the following words: Everyone is a/an 36and a receiver.22. A. putB. throwC. giveD. takeA. fixingB. buyingC. makingD. renting24. A. seldomD. everB. usuallyC. just【答案】22. B23. A24. C25. A26. D27. D28. D29. A30. C31. B32. C33. B

21、34. A35. B36. D25. A. solutionB. curiosityC. motivationD. result26. A. roomsB. moneyC.chancesD. resources27. A. luckB. fameC. attemptD. success28. A. buyB. findC. makeD. start29. A. nonprofitB. internationalC. culturalD. civil30. A. respondedB. suggestedC. appreciatedD. refused31. A. testB. strength

22、enC. affectD. earn32. A. spy onB. chat withC. get to knowD. compete with33. A. wealthB. knowledgeC. habitD. instruction34. A. excitingB. tiringC. surprisingD. embarrassing35. A. customB. missionC.journeyD. experience36. A. hostB. ownerC. organizerD. giver【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。讲述的是玛蒂娜波斯特马开了一家维修咖啡馆，免费为需要维修

23、物品的人 们提供工具物资等，后来多人效仿之，这样的方式有效地加深了社区间的联系。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果你和很多人一样，你可能只是扔掉它们。A. pul放；B.lhrow扔：C. give给； D. lake 取。由后文 its difficult to find people who can make repairs ” （很难找到懂维修的人）和its easier to 3 buy a new one（买新的很容易）可知，很多人选择扔掉破损的物品，另买新的。故选B项。23题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：一些地区很难找到能修理的人，修理东西可能会很贵。A. fixing修理

24、；B. buying 购买；C. making制造；D.rcniing租让。由“and”可知，“and”前后的内容是并列关系，“and”前面“it，s difficult to find people who can make repairsM （很难找到懂维修的人）说的是不维修的原因，所以“and”的 后面的内容讲的也是不维修的原因，即修理东西会很贵。故选A项。24题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：此外，一些小物品非常便宜，买新的就容易多了。A. seldom很少；B. usually通 常；C. just 仅仅，正好；D. ever 曾经。u Also, some small objects

25、 are so inexpensiven （一些小物品也非 常便宜）可知，小物品很便宜，损坏后就直接买新的更容易。故选C项。【25题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：她的解决方法是维修咖啡馆：人们可以将损坏的物品带去这个地方。A. solution 解决办法；B. curiosity好奇心；C. motivation动机；D. result结果。根据前文“a better way”（更好的方法） 可知，此处指波斯特马想到的解决办法。故选A。【26题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：在那里，他们能找到工具、资源和志愿的维修行家来帮助修理。A. rooms房间； B. money金钱;C. chances

26、机会：D. resources资源、根据后文的“help with repairs”可知,有利于维修的是 D项“资源”。故选D项。【27题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：波斯特马的第一家维修咖啡馆于2009年10月18日在阿姆斯特丹开业，取得了 巨大成功。A.luck 运气；B.fame 名望；C.attempt 尝试；D.success成功。根据后文“News of the caf6 spread”（有关咖啡馆的消息传开了）可知，这个维修咖啡饵开得很成功。故选D项。【28题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这家咖啡馆的消息传开了，人们开始问他们怎样才能自己开维修咖啡馆。A.buy 购买；B. fi

27、nd 找到；C. make 制作;D. start 开办。根据后文 those hoping to begin their own neighborhood repair group”中的提示词begin可知，此处表示“开办。故选D项。【29题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意:这个非营利组织为那些希望成立自己的社区修复组织的人提供指导。A. nonprofit 非盈利的;B. international国际的；C. cultural文化的；D. civil政府的。根据后文MEverything is freen可知, 这是一个非盈利组织。故选A项。【30题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：一切都是免

28、费的，但也非常感谢捐赠。A. responded回应；B. suggested建议；C. appreciated感激;D. refused拒绝。根据but可知,什么都是免费的,但是如果捐赠的话,也十分感谢。 故选C项。【31题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：咖啡馆不仅提供维修服务，还加强了社区联系。A. test测试；B. strengthen加强； C.affecl 影响;D. earn 赚取。由 aThe cafes not only provide help with repairs M （咖啡馆不仅提供维修服务） 及提示词“not only”可知，维修咖啡馆带来了积极影响，而且不只一个方

29、面，所以“also”后面的内容也 是维修咖啡馆带来的其他方面的积极影响，也就是加强社区联系，B项“加强”符合题意。故选B项。【32题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：邻居们在一起合作项目的时候能够互相了解。A.spyon窥视；B. chat with闲聊； C. get to know 认识，了解；D. compete with 与抗争。根据前文 “they also 10 community tiesM（维修咖啡馆还加强了社区联系），设空处所在句子讲的是社区联系得到加强的具体表现，即邻里之间相互 了解。故选C项。【33题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：此外，有价值的知识也得以传递和保存。A. we

30、ahh财富；B. knowledge知识： C. habit 习惯；D. instruction 指示。根据 “passedalong and preserved” (传递和保存)可知，B 项“知识”与 之搭配符合句意。故选B项。34题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在一次采访中，波斯特马描述了看到人们真正的互相帮助是多么地令人激动。 A. exciting令人激动的；B. tiring令人疲倦的;C. surprising令人惊讶的;D. embarrassing令人尴尬的。根据 后文“watching people who really want to help one another”(

31、看到人们真心实意互相帮助)可知，波斯特马 看到大家真诚地互帮互忙，很是激动。故选A项。【35题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：波斯特马用下面这番话很好地总结了维修咖啡馆的使命：“每个人都是给予者 和接受者。 A. custom 习俗：B. mission 使命；C. journey 旅彳j； D. experience经历。根据后文 “Everyone is a/an 15 and a receiver.(每个人都是给予者和接受者。)可知，付出与回报是维修咖啡馆的使命。 故选B项。【36题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：波斯特马用下面这番话很好地总结了维修咖啡馆的使命：“每个人都是给予者 和接受者

32、。 A. hosi主人；B. owner物主，所有人：C. organizer组织者；D. giver给予者。结合文意，人们 在维修咖啡馆获得维修帮助的同时，也能反过来帮助他人，予以捐赠。所以“每个人都是给予者和接受者”。 故选D项。第二节(共10小题;每小题15分,满分15分)阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容3个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。Organic fanning (OF) is a farming system 37 uses environmentally friendly methods of weed, pest, and disease control. The pri

33、nciples and practices of OF 38 (express) in (he standards of Iniernational Federation of Organic Agriculture Movements (IFOAM) as (he principle of health, ecology, fairness, and care. The organic movement began after 1920, as 39 reaction by individual agricultural scientists and fanners against indu

34、strialized agriculture. Three important movements have been received within first half of the twentieth century: biodynamic, organic, 40 biological agriculture. In 1998, IFOAM 41(adopt) basic standards forOF and processing. Organic production 42(method) are those where at least 95% of the ingredient

35、s of43 (agriculture) origin arc organic. Organic content less than 70% in products may not refer 44 organic production methods.All countries have established special logos for organic production 45(indicate) that products arecovered by (he inspection scheme. Certified OF is now practiced in approxim

36、ately 120 countries of the world. According to the last survey, more than 31 million ha is currently managed organically by at least 623 174 farms worldwide.Enhanced soil fertility and higher floral and faunal (动物群的)46 (diverse) were found in OFexperiments.【答案】37. that#which. are expressed#have been

37、 expressed38 .a40.andadopted41. methodsagricultural42. to45. to indicatediversity【解析】 【分析】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了有机农业，有机农业是一种利用环保的方法来控制杂草、害虫和 疾病的农业系统。【37题详解】 考查定语从句的引导词。句意：有机农业是一种利用环保的方法来控制杂草、害虫和疾病的农业系统。设 空处引导定语从句且在句中作指物的主语，先行词为system,故应用which或者thato故答案为that/whicho 【38题详解】 考查谓语动词的时态和语态。句意：有机农业运动的原则和实践在国际有机农业

38、运动联合会(IF0AM)的标准 中表现为健康、生态、公平和关爱的原则。设空处在句中作谓语和句子的主语the principles and practices之 间是被动关系；句子的主语为复数形式，谓语动词也为相应的复数形式；强调客观事实可用一般现在时， 即一般现在时的被动语态(arc done)；强调过去所做的事情对现在的影响，应用现在完成时即现在完成时的被动语态(have been done)。故答案为 are expressed/have been expressed。【39题详解】 考查冠词。句意：有机农业运动始于1920年以后，是农业科学家和农民反对工业化农业的一种反应。设空 处后为可

39、数名词单数，此处表泛指，应用不定冠词。故答案为a。【40题详解】 考查连词。句意：在二十世纪上半叶有三种重要的运动：生物动力农业、有机农业和生物农业。设空处后 名词agriculture和前面的名词biodynamic, organic为并列关系，结合句意。故答案为and。41题详解】考查谓语动词。句意：1998年，IFOAM采用了 OF和processing的基本标准。设空处在句中作谓语，和句 子的主语之间是主动关系，根据时间状语in 1998,可知时态为一般过去时。故答案为adopted。【42题详解】考查名词。句意：有机生产方法是指至少95%的农业原料是有机的。设空处在句中作主语，根据谓

40、语动词 are,可知设空处应为复数形式。故答案为methods。43题详解】考查形容词。句意见上题解析。设空处后为名词，形容词修饰名词，故设空处应为形容词形式。故答案为agricultural o【44题详解】考查介词。句意：产品中有机含量低于70%的，并不是有机生产方法。固定短语refer to （参考、涉及），结 合句意，故答案为to。45题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：所有国家都为有机产品建立了专门的标识，以表明产品是受检测计划覆盖的。设 空处在句中作非谓语，结合句意（建立了专门的标识的目的是表明产品受检测计划覆盖的），此处表示目的， 应用to do的形式。故答案为to indicateo

41、【46题详解】考查名词。句意：实验中发现了提高土壤肥力和花卉和动物物种多样性的方法。由设空处后were可知，设 空处在句中作主语，应用名词形式，设空处和and前的名词fertility （肥沃）并列，此处表示抽象概念。为 不可数名词。故答案为diversity。第三部分写作（共两节，满分40分）第一节（满分15分）46. Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese. 假设你是浦润中学高三学生李青，你校校刊上的“展望未来

42、”栏目正在征文，请以“50年后的学校”为题 写一篇文章投稿。你的稿件必须包括：描述50年后的学校里的一个场景；谈谈现在的你置身其中的感受。（注：文中不得出现真实的姓名及学校名称。）【答案】Schools in 50 years50 years later, the school uses robots to teach students, and students sit in a transparent classroom on all sides to learn. Besides, students performance in class and learning feedback a

43、rc all conducted by Al equipment. The construction of the school is no longer what it is now. The school 5（） years later is very intelligent, and students needs can be met in an instant. The school has only a few technicians and teachers who manage machinery and equipment, so it is so convenieni.Ima

44、gine traveling through time and space to the future school 50 years later. It will be a fast and convenient school linked by the Internet. I will be shocked by all modem devices and intelligent fiinctions. Its great to feel the learning efficiency brought by the infinite power of modern science and

45、technology, feel the friendship between classmates, and carefully taste the magic of knowledge.【解析】【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生以“50年后的学校”为题为校刊上的“展望未来”栏目写一 篇文章投稿。【详解】I .词汇积累用、利用：use-make use of此夕卜：besideswhats more 09 ： intelligentsmart震惊的:shockedastonished2.句式拓展合并简单句原句：Imagine traveling through time and spa

46、ce to the future school 50 years later. It will be a fast and convenient school linked by the Internet.拓展句：Imagine traveling through time and space to the future school 50 years later, which will be a fast and convenient school linked by the Internet.【点睛】【高分句型 1 The construction of the school is no

47、longer what it is now. T what 引导的表语从句） 高分句型 2 The school has only a few technicians and teachers who manage machinery and equipment, so everything is so convenient.（运用 了 who 引导的定语从句） 第二节（满分25分）48.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使其构成一篇完整的短文。Steve, a twelve-year-old boy with alcoholic （酒鬼）parents, was about

48、to be lost forever by the education system. Obviously, he could read, yet, in spite of his reading skills, Steve was failing. He had been failing since first grade, as he was passed on from grade to grade. Steve was a big boy, looking more like a teenager than a twelve year old, yet, Steve went unnoticed. until Miss White appeared.Miss White was a smiling, young, beautiful redhead. Steve admired her actually. Yet. he never did his homework, and he was always in trouble with Miss White. Oddly, Steve never missed a day of school.One day