2022年江苏省盐城市中考英语真题 （解析版）.docx

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1、盐城市2022年中考英语试卷（满分：120分考试时间：100分钟）第I卷（选择题，共70分）一、单项选择（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）Travelling to Yanchcng,beautiful seaside city, is a fantastic experience.A. aB. anC. theD.【答案】A【解析】【详解】句意：去盐城，一个美丽的海滨城市旅行是一次奇妙的经历。考查冠词的用法。此处泛指一个海滨城市，beautiful”首字母发辅音音素，故选A。1. Girls in our class show interest in. Some like paintin

2、g and others like dancing.A. artB. sportsC. fashionD.literature【答案】A【解析】【详解】句意：我们班的女生对艺术很感兴趣。有些人喜欢画画，有些人喜欢跳舞。考查名词辨析。art艺术;sports运动;fashion时尚；literature文学。根据Some like painting and others like dancing.”可知，画画和跳舞都属于艺术范畴，故选A。2. Lucy and Lily are twins. Even （heir parents find it hard to tell the differen

3、ces them.A fromB. withC. betweenD. among【答案】C【解析】【详解】句意：露西和莉莉是双胞胎。甚至他们的父母也很难分辨他们之间的差异。考查介词辨析。from从：with和：between在两者之间；among在三者及以上之间。根据“Lucy and Lily are twins”可知，此处是两者之间；tell the difference between”分辨 和 之间的 差异”。故选C。3. Well have a picnic in the park this Sunday（here is a heavy rain.A. whetherB. unles

4、sC. sinceD. because【答案】B【解析】【详解】句意：除非下大雨，否则这个星期天我们将在公园野餐。考查连词辨析。whether是否;unless除非；since自从:because因为。根据Well have a picnic in the park this Sunday . there is a heavy rain.”可知，除非下雨，否则就回去野餐，故选 B。4. Coffee or milk, Jeff?先 *Something to avoid-could show lack of skillSomething importantleads to successATh

5、ings to avoidin case you arent good enoughThings that help you learnWhat kind of people have fewer chances to succeed according to the article?A. People with a growth mindset.B. People with a fixed mindset.C. People who often learn from challenges.D. People who often learn frommistakes.34. From the

6、form we can know people with a growth mindset consider challenges as.A. things theyre born withB.things they need to avoidC. things (hat help them learnD.things (hat slop (hemimproving35. How docs the writer organize the ideas in the article?A. By telling stories.B.By listing numbers.C. By drawing m

7、ind maps.D.By comparing facts.【答案】34. B 35. C 36. D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇议论文，介绍了固定型思维和成长型思维的区别，告诉我们应该更注重 后天努力，而不是与生俱来的智力才能。【34题详解】推理判断题。根据Some students were told that they were good at a task. They didnt try very hard the next time”及The first group of students was learning that they had a set amount of skill

8、. They didnt think they could do any better. This is called a fixed mindset (思维模式).”可知,文 章介绍了拥有固定型思维模式的学生在面对一项任务时，如果受到了夸赞表扬，那么下一次 他们就不会再继续努力了，故可推知拥有固定型思维的人获得成功的机会较小。故选B。【35题详解】推理判断题。根据表格最后一行Challenges中“Things that help you learn”可知,拥有成长型 思维的人会把挑战视为可以帮助他们学习的事情。故选C。【36题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段“Psychologists (心理

9、学家)looked at what students did after they were given different types of praise. Some students were told that they were good at a task. They didnt try very hard the next lime. Other students were told that (hey had worked hard at a task. They worked even harder the next time.”可知，文章第二段介绍了两组不同的学生在接受不同表

10、扬 后的行为表现，说明了固定型思维和成长型思维的不同；故文章通过对比事实来组织文章中心思想。故选D。Maggie, Travis and Lucys science teacher set a special test fbr them. They had to work out different kinds of problems within limited time to get out of a locked room.For the past hour, Maggie, Travis and Lucy had been locked inside a room decorated

11、like a mad scientists laboratory. Together they decoded （破译）a secret language and solved a difficult maths problem.The last challenge, however, stopped them. The key to the door was trapped in a block of ice.“We have to melt the ice,“ Lucy said.“But theres nothing hot here!” Maggie complained.Travis

12、 pulled off his sweatshirt and wrapped （裹）it around the ice. This keeps me wai*ni. he reasoned.A few minutes passed by, but the ice didnt melt.“Isnt cloth an insulator （隔热材料）？” Lucy asked. She tried to remember what she had learned in science class. Heat always flows from warm objects to cold ones.

13、The heat in the air will eventually melt the ice. but we need to find something that will help heat move from the air to the ice more quickly.“What about glass?” Maggie asked.“Glass is also an insulator. It keeps heat from moving,M Lucy said. Then she noticed a large metal tray （金属托盘）across the room

14、. This might work!”Lucy put the block of icc onto the tray. Everybodys eyes moved between the clock and the icc. Would they be able to free the key in time?At last, the key lay in the water on the tray. The three friends rushed out of the room in the last minute.“We made Travis cheered. t4Good thing

15、 you paid attention in science class!36. What final challenge did the three friends need to complete?A. To solve a maths problem.B.Tolearn a secret language.C. lb find their science teacher.D.Toget the key trapped in ice.37. What does Travis mean by saying “This keeps me warm,?A. His sweatshirt can

16、help melt the ice.B.Hedislikes his sweatshirt.C. His sweatshirt is of good quality.D.Hewants to take off his sweatshirt.38. What does the underlined word eventually” probably mean?A. carefullyB. suddenly40. Whats the best title for the story?A. Changing Ice into WaterC. Running away from the Room【答案

17、】37. D 38. A 39. C 40. CC. finallyD. properlyB. Decorating the LaboratoryD. Preparing for a Science Class【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了玛吉、特拉维斯和露西在科学老师的安排下，在一间上 了锁的房间，利用学过的科学知识突破重重关卡，最终走出房间的故事。【37题详解】细节理解题。根据“The last challenge, however, stopped them. The key to the door was trapped in a block of icc.”可知，孩子们遇到

18、的最后一个挑战是拿到被冻在冰里的钥匙。故选D。【38题详解】词句猜测题。根据“We have to melt the ice及Travis pulled ofThis sweatshirt and wrapped（裹） it around the ice. This keeps me warm/ he reasoned.”可知，孩子们想找热的东西来融化冰，特 拉维斯脱下了自己的运动衫，他强调这件运动衫可以让自己保持暖和，意在说明这件运动衫 同样也可以让冰“暖和”，可以帮助融化冰。故选A。【39题详解】词句猜测题。根据“Heat always flows from warm objects to

19、 cold ones. The heat in the air will eventually melt the ice”可知，热量总是从温暖的物体流向寒冷的物体，空气中的热量最终会 融化冰，划线部分单词意为“最终地，与finally同义。故选C。【40题详解】最佳标题题。根据“They had to work out difTerent kinds of problems within limited time to get out of a locked room ”及全文可知，本文主要讲述了三个小伙伴利用自己学过的知识突破重重 关卡，最终成功走出上锁房间的故事，故Running away

20、 from the Room”可作为本文标题。故选C。He was an old man who fished alone in a boat and he had gone cighty-four days now without taking a fish. In the first forty days a boy had been with him. But after forty days without a fish, the boys parents had told him that the old man was now exactly and finally salao,

21、which is the worst form of unlucky, and the boy had gone at their orders in another boat which caught three good fish the first week.It made the boy sad to sec the old man come in each day with his boat empty and be always went down to help him carry fishing tools.The old man was thin with deep wrin

22、kles （皱纹）in the back of his neck. His hands had the deep scars （疤）from dealing with heavy fish. But none of these scars were fresh.Everything about him was old except his eyes and they were the same colour as the sea and were cheerful and full of confidence.“Santiago, the boy said to him as they cli

23、mbed from the bank where the boat was pulled up. I could go with you again. Weve made some money.”The old man had taught the boy to fish and the boy loved him. No. the old man said. Youre with a lucky boat. Stay with them.”“But remember how you went cighty-sevcn days without fish and then we caught

24、big ones every day fbr three weeks.“I remember,“ the old man said. 1 know you did not leave me willingly.“It was papa made me leave. I am a boy and I must do what he told me to.”“I know. the old man said. 4i quite understand that.”“He hasnt much faith （信念）“No. the old man said. But we have. Havent w

25、e?”“Yes. ihe boy said. Can I offer you a beer on the Terrace and then well take the fishing tools home.”“Why not? the old man said. Between fishermen.5,They sat on the Terrace and many of the fishermen made fun of the old man and he was not angry. Some other older fishennen looked at him and were sa

26、d. But they didnt show it and they spoke politely about the sea, the weather and of what they had seen.41. How many days did （he old man go fishing with the boy according to Paragraph 1?A. Forty.B. Forty-four.C. Eighty-four.D.Eighty-seven.42. What docs the underlined word uthat* refer to?A. The boy

27、would leave him sooner or later.B. The boy had to listen to his parents and left him.C. He couldnt catch fish because he was too old.D. He couldnt succeed without the boys support.43. What is the right order of the story about the boy in the passage?The old man caught some big fish with the boy.The

28、old man taught the boy how to fish on the sea.The boy wanted to go fishing with the old man again.The boy helped （he old man take the fishing tools home.A.B.C.D.What can we learn from the last paragraph of the story?A. The old man liked to make fun of other fishermen.B. The old man often provided be

29、er for other fishermen.C. All fishermen laughed at the old man except the boy.D. Some fishermen felt sad for the old man and tried to help him.44. From (he story we can know that the old man was.A. a man who often showed offB. a man who never gave upC. a man who sometimes got angryD. a man who seldo

30、m stayed calm【答案】41. A42. B 43. B 44. D 45. B【解析】【导语】本文节选自老人与海，讲述一位在海上捕鱼的老人与一个小男孩之间的故事。 41题详解】细节理解题。根据“In the first forty days a boy had been with him”可知,在开始的40天里,小 男孩跟着老人起捕鱼，故填A。【42题详解】词义猜测题。根据“know you did not leave me wiHingly”及“It was papa made me leave. I am a boy and I must do what he told me

31、to”可知，老人理解这个小男孩必须要听父亲的话并离开他， 故选B。【43题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段可知，这位老人教小男孩如何钓鱼，并且他们钓了一些鱼；根据“I could go with you again”可知，这个小男孩想重新跟回这位老人：根据Can I offer you a beer on the Terrace and then well take the fishing tools home”可知，小男孩帮着老人把钓鱼工具拿 回家，所以正确的排序是：，故选B。【44题详解】推理判断题。根据“Some other older fishermen looked at him and

32、 were sad. But they didnt show it and they spoke politely about the sea, the weather and of what they had seen.”可推断，有些渔 民看着这位老人感到很难过，但他们没有表现山来，他们想用别的方式来帮助他，故选D。【45题详解】推理判断题。通读全文可知，这位老人独自在海上钓鱼，在一段时间里并没有钓到鱼，但他 并没有放弃，也没有气馁，也不在乎别人对他的嘲笑，继续坚持自己的信念，由此可知他是 一个不会轻易放弃的人，故选B。阅读下面短文，从所给选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，使短文通顺，结构完

33、整，其中 有一项是多余选项。Nature is full of great ideas. 46Many blind people use canes to move around. They tap （heir canes on the ground in front of them to feel if anything is in their way. One amazing invention was a new cane to help blind people. It helps them move around more safely. This invention was an

34、idea from bats. 47 These signals （信号）are almost （he same as the bats use when they fly.How bats get aroundBats make sounds when they fly at night. People cannot hear these sounds, but they help bats fly in the dark. Bats send sound waves out of their mouth or nose. These sound waves hit objects arou

35、nd them. Then they come back as an echo. The echo tells bats how far away things like trees arc.48An amazing ideaThe scientist who invented the new cane watched how bats fly. 49 He added something that sends and receives sound waves. Finally, he tested the cane. It worked!50The cane sends out signal

36、s. When an echo is sent back, the canes handle vibrates （振动）.This helps the person holding the cane know how far away an object is. They will also know how big the object is.This cane shows that great ideas really can come from nature.A. How the cane worksThen he built a lightweight cane.B. It also

37、helps them know where to find food to eat.C. The cane works by sending out sound waves or signals.D. People will get more new ideas from （he bats and other animals.E. Some inventors get ideas from nature to make some useful things.【答案】46. F 47. D 48. C 49. B 50. A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了一款利用蛔蝠在夜间飞行的原理制作

38、的手杖。【46题详解】根据Nature is full of great ideas.”可知，此处介绍大自然充满许多伟大的想法，利用这些想法， 人们可以做些什么。故”一些发明家从大自然中获得灵感，制造出一些有用的东西。”符合语 境。故选F。【47题详解】根据These signals （信号）are almost the same as the bats use when ihey fly.”可知，此处介绍手杖的工作原理，即发出信号。故“手杖的工作原理是发出声波或信号。符合语境。故选Do 【48题详解】根据The echo tells bats how far away things like

39、 trees arc.”可知，此处介绍蝙蝠发出的声波形 成的回声对蝙蝠的作用。故它还帮助它们知道在哪里可以找到食物吃。符合语境。故选C。【49题详解】 根据The scientist who invented the new cane watched how bats fly.He added something thatsends and receives sound waves. Finally, he tested the cane. It worked!”可知，此处介绍这款新手杖是怎样被发明的，即它的发明过程。故“然后他造了一根轻便的手杖。”符合语境。故选Bo 【50题详解】 根据Th

40、e cane sends out signals. When an echo is sent back, the canes handle vibrates （振动）.可知，此处具体介绍了手杖是如何工作的。故”手杖是如何工作的“符合语境。故选A。第n卷（非选择题，共50分）四、阅读并回答问题（共5小题：每小题2分，满分10分）Hand gestures have been commonly used in our daily communication. They add to the message by filling in what words sometimes leave behin

41、d. But are you aware of the history that goes behind some of these popular hand gestures? Probably not. Unsurprisingly, each of them has its special history.HandshakeWhether youre greeting someone fbr the first time, or successfully reaching an agreement, shaking hands is usually the go-to gesture.

42、Who decided on this gesture, anyway? The handshake dates back to ancient Greece where it was used as a way to show peace.High FiveWhether you entered the final competition or won a debate（辩论）,you were probably given or received a high five before. According to some sources, the high five first becam

43、e popular when baseball players performed at Dodger Stadium on October 2, 1977. Glenn Burke, one of the players, lifted his arm high above his head and slapped palms with his teammate Dusty Baker to celebrate a victory, marking what is widely considered as the first record of a high five.The Fist Bu

44、mpThe fist bump comes from boxers （拳击手）in the 1970s after people copied how they touched gloves before a competition. Later, instead of shaking hands, fist bumps became popular among basketball players. The gesture soon spread to all basketball lovers.回答下面5个问题，每题答案不超过6个词。51 What was handshake used a

45、s in ancient Greece?52. What kind of sport docs the high five gesture come from?53. Why do people have a high five with others?54. Which gesture do basketball players usually prefer?55. What is the passage mainly about?【答案】51. It was used as a way to show peace.52. It comes from baseball.53. Because

46、 they entered the final competition or won a debate.54. The fist bump.55. It is mainly about special histories of three hand gestures.【解析】【导语】本文主要介绍了三种手势背后的历史。51题详解】根据The handshake dates back to ancient Greece where it was used as a way to show peace. 知，握手在古希腊被用来表示和平，It was used as a way to show pea

47、ce.【52题详解】根据“According to some sources, the high five first became popular when baseball players performed at Dodger Stadium on October 2, 1977”可知，来自于棒球，故填 It comes from baseball.【53题详解】根据“Whether you entered the final competition or won a debate（辩论），you were probably given or received a high five b

48、efbre”可知，因为人们进入了决赛或赢得了辩论，故填Because they entered the final competition or won a debate.【54题详解】根据Later, instead of shaking hands, fist bumps became popular among basketball players”可知， 篮球运动会通常更喜欢撞拳这个手势，故填The fist bump.【55题详解】通读全文可知，木文主要介绍了三种手势背后的历史，故填It is mainly about special histories of three hand gestures.五、词汇（共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分）（一）根据句意和汉语提示写出单词，完成句子。56. The temperature begins to （上升） when spring conics.【答案】rise【解析】【