2022-2023学年宁夏银川一中高三上学期第四次月考英语试题(解析版).docx
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1、银川一中2023届高三年级第四次月考英语试卷注意事项:1 .答卷前,考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。2 .回答选择题时,选出每小题的答案后,用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动,用橡皮擦干净后,再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时,将答案写在答题卡上。写 在本试卷及草稿纸上无效。3 .考试结束后,将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分:听力理解(共两节,满分30分)做题时,先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后,你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节(共5小题:每小题L5分,满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出
2、最佳选项,并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一 小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1. Who is having a holiday abroad?A. David. B. Mike. C. John.2. What time does the next plane to London leave?A. At 10:00. B. At 11:00. C. At 12:00.3. What is Mr. Thomass life like now?A. Worse than before. B. Happier than before. C. As good
3、 as before.4. Why wont the man go to the movies with Helen?A. She is not in the mood.B. She likes talking during a movie.C. She doesnt want to go out with him.5. What is the man trying to do?A. Deliver some bad news. B. Find a new position. C. Make a speech.第二节(共15小题;每小题L5分,满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独
4、白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中 选出最佳选项,并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,says Jirinec. If they are simply not getting enough to eat, you would expect them to lose weight. But why would they have more energy to grow their wings?”12. Why are some birds larger at higher latitudes?A. To preserve heat.C. To figh
5、t against heat.13. On what condition do birds shrink faster?A. When they are hungry.C. When they lose their habitat.14. What remains to be settled by researchers?A. Why tropical birds develop longer wings.C. Why some birds are smaller in hot climates.15. Where is the text probably taken from?A. A pe
6、rsonal diary. B. A travel brochure.【答案】12.A13. D 14. A 15.CB. To find food better.D. To adapt to climate change.B. When there is less rain.D. When they experience extreme seasons.B. How Amazon rainforest is decreasing.D. How temperature of the birds habitat changes.C. A science magazine. D. A scienc
7、e novel.【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍一项研究。研究发现:由于气候变化,亚马逊河流域的鸟类现在 变小了。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段 “Birds and mammals of the same species are generally larger at higher latitudes. The leading explanation is that their smaller surface-area-to-volume ratio (比率)allows them to better conserve heat.(同 一物种的鸟类和哺乳动物在高纬度地区通常
8、较大。主要的解释是,它们较小的表面积与体积比率使它们能 够更好地保存热量)”可知,在高纬度地区的鸟更大的原因是为了保存热量,故选A项。【13题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段 u Weather patterns are also more extreme, with 13 percent more rain falling in the wet season and 15 percent less in the dry season, and the birds lost mass more sharply after extremely dry or wet seasons. (天气模式也更加
9、极端,雨季降雨增加13%,旱季减少15%,鸟类在极度干燥或潮湿 季节后体重急剧下降)” 可知,鸟在经历极度干燥或潮湿的极端季节时,体重急剧下降,变小的速度更快,故选D项。【14题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“Tropical (热带的)birds deep in BraziPs Amazon rainforest are shrinking and developing longer wings as they adapt to climate change but why is something of a mystery.(在巴西亚马逊雨林深处的热带鸟 类正在萎缩并长出更长的翅膀,因为它们
10、适应了气候变化,但为什么会如此,确是一个谜)”及最后一段“But none of this can explain the teams other main finding. Wingspan has become significantly larger in one-third of the bird species over the past 40 years. “Mass is a generally good measure of body condition in birds J says Jirinec. “If they are simply not getting enoug
11、h to eat, you would expect them to lose weight. But why would they have more energy to growtheirwings?” (但这些都不能解释该团队的另一个主要发现。在过去的40年中,三分之一的鸟 类物种的翼展已经显着扩大。Jirinec说:“体重通常是衡量鸟类身体状况的良好指标,如果它们只是吃不饱, 你会期望它们减肥。但是,为什么它们会有更多的能量来长出翅膀呢? )”可知,为什么鸟类体重变小了, 翅膀却变长了,这个问题还有待解决。故选A项。【15题详解】 推理判断题。根据根据第一段 “Tropical (热带
12、的)birds deep in Brazils Amazon rainforest are shrinking and developing longer wings as they adapt to climate change but why is something of a mystery.(在巴西亚马逊雨林深 处的热带鸟类正在萎缩并长出更长的翅膀,因为它们适应了气候变化,但为什么会如此,确是一个谜)”可 知,这是一篇有关鸟类体型变化的科普文章,故最可能出自科学杂志。故选C项。第二节(共5小题海小题2分,满分10分)根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项
13、为多余选项。Defend Yourself Without Being DefensiveTheres a fine line between defending yourself and being defensive, but it makes a world of difference between ending and worsening a problem. If you regularly find yourself justifying yourself, blaming others, or trying to distract from the problem at han
14、d, you may be on the defense. 16.Keep calm in the moment17. If youre feeling wound up (生气),take a deep breath and resist the urge to say anything until youvehad a chance to think it through. Youll handle the situation better once youve had a moment to ease your tension. In many situations, its okay
15、to be quiet fbr a moment. Not every conflict needs to be addressed immediately.Wait to respond to the criticismA rapid reaction is usually based only on emotions. Your immediate reaction might be defensive. Pause for a moment before you reply, and dont interrupt or cut the other person off. 18 Cutti
16、ng in with corrections or“Thats not true“ shuts down further discussion.19An explanation can make it clearer to you what the problem is. If you dont understand where the criticism is coming from, or if the person said something vague, respond to them with, “Can you explain? or, “Could you tell me mo
17、re?” 20. For example, instead of, Dont call my design ugly. I worked hard on that, say, “What makes you say the design is ugly? Or say something like, Whats something we can do to fix that?”Encourage the person to explainA. Explain without defensive wordsLet the person finish, even if he or she is w
18、rongB. Talking too much is not a good way to solve the problemsGetting angry or upset immediately tends to look defensiveC. This also gives you some time to breathe so you,re less likely to respond defensivelyFortunately, there are ways to find a solution to the problem without getting defensive abo
19、ut it【答案】16.G17. E 18. C 19. A 20. F【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了三种消除戒备心理的自我保护方法。【16题详解】上文“ Theres a fine line between defending yourself and being defensive, but it makes a world of difference between ending and worsening a problem. If you regularly find yourself justifying yourself, blaming others, or
20、trying to distract from the problem at hand, you may be on the defense.(为自己辩护和自我防卫之间有细微的差别,但是 结束问题和恶化问题之间却有天壤之别。如果你经常发现自己在为自己辩护,责怪别人,或者试图从手头 的问题上转移注意力,你可能处于防御状态。)”提到了几种容易产生心理戒备的情况,justifyingyourself, blaming others, or trying to distract from the problem at hand”,结合下文黑体小标题,给出解决这些问题的方 式,G项“幸运的是,有一些方式
21、可以找到解决问题的方法,而不对其产生戒备”承上启下,符合语境。 故选G。【17题详解】根据本段的小标题“Keep calm in the moment(在此刻保持冷静)”和下文“If youre feeling wound up (生气), take a deep breath and resist the urge to say anything until youve had a chance to think it through.(如果你感到紧张, 深吸一口气,在你有机会想清楚之前,克制自己不说话的冲动。)”讲如果你感到生气,深呼吸,在你有机 会把它想通之前控制住(自己)要说话的冲动。
22、因此推断E项“一生气或沮丧就会(让你)看起来是戒备的”与 下文衔接紧密,符合语境,下文给出解决办法。故选E。【18题详解】本段的小标题是u Wait to respond to the criticism(回应批评时等待一会儿)”可知,本段建议不要立即回应批 评,根据上文中的 “ Pause fbr a moment before you reply, and dont interrupt or cut the other person off.(在回答 之前稍作停顿,不要打断或打断对方。)”可知,不要打断或中止他人说话。因此推断C项“让这个人说完, 即使他或者她是错误的”承接上文,符合语境。
23、故选C。【19题详解】空格处是本段的小标题。根据下文 “An explanation can make it clearer to you what the problem is. If you dont understand where the criticism is coming from, or if the person said something vague, respond to them with, Can you explain?9 or, Could you tell me more?,(一个解释可以使你更清楚地知道问题是什么。如果你不明白批评的来 源,或者那个人说了些模
24、糊的话,你可以这样回答他们:“你能解释一下吗?”或者,“你能多告诉我一些吗? 可知,本段介绍了解释的重要性,一个解释可以让你更清楚问题所在。因此推断A项“鼓励人们去解释” 符合本段主旨,适合作本段的小标题。故选A。【20题详解】 上文 “An explanation can make it clearer to you what the problem is. If you dont understand where the criticism is coming from, or if the person said something vague, respond to them with
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