（10）UNIT 4 HISTORY AND TRADITIONS——2022-2023学年高一英语人教版（2019）寒假作业.docx

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1、(10) UNIT 4 HISTORY AND TRADITIONS2022-2023 学年高 一英语人教版(2019)寒假作业第一部分阅读理解 第一节阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AIn the US, people prefer waiting for a table to sitting with people they dont know. This means a hostess may not seat a small group until a small table is available, even if a large one is.

2、If you are sitting at a table with people you dont know, it is impolite to light up a cigarette without asking if it will disturb them.At American restaurants and coffee shops you are usually served tap water before you order. You may find the bread and butter is free, and if you order coffee, you m

3、ay get a free refill.Most cities and towns have no rules about opening and closing time for stores or restaurants, though they usually do make rules for bars. Especially in large cities, stores may be open 24 hours a day.Serving in restaurants is often large, too large for many people. If you cant f

4、inish your meal but would like to enjoy the food later, ask your waitress or waiter for a doggie bag. It may have a picture of a dog on it, but everybody knows youre taking the food for yourself.Supper and dinner are both words for the evening meal. Some people have Sunday dinner. This is an especia

5、lly big noon meal.Tips are not usually added to the check. They are not included in the price of the meal, either. A tip of about 15% is expected and you should leave it on the table when you leave. In some restaurants, a check is brought on a plate and you put your money there. Then the waiter or w

6、aitress brings you your change.1 .Which statement is true?A.American people like sitting with people they dont know.B.Hostess always seats a small group at a large table.C.American people never sit with people they dont know.0.American people would not light a cigarette if the people who sit al the

7、same table mind their smoking.2 .What do American people always do when servings are too large for them?注意：1 .续写词数应为150左右；.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。Thoughts started running through my mind.In an instant, the man from the black SUV was standing beside me and said, I am a doctor.答案以及解析第一部分阅读理解第一节 答案：1-3 DCB解

8、析：1 .细节理解题。根据第一段第三句 If you are sitting at a table with people you dont know, it is impolite to light up a cigarette without asking if it will disturb them.可知， 如果 坐在同一张桌子旁的人介意吸烟，美国人是不会吸烟的。故选D。2 .细节理解题。根据第四段第二句 If you cant finish your meal but would like to enjoy the food later, ask your waitress or w

9、aiter for a doggie bag.可知当份量太大吃不完的时候， 美国人通常会要一个打包袋把食物带回家。故选C。3 .细节理解题。根据最后一段第三句 A tip of about 15% is expected and you should leave il on ihe lable when you leave可知，顾客离开时，小费应该留在桌上。故选B。B答案：1-4 DCDB解析：1.细节理解题。根据第二段第一句 Different parts of a bicycle will wear at different rates so it is very important th

10、at you have a basic understanding about the role played by each part.可知自行车的不同部件磨损速度不同，所以对每个部件的作用有一个基本的了解 是非常重要的。即行车爱好者应该了解自行车的各个部分是如何工作的。故选D。4 .细节理解题。根据第四段第一句 Other parts that you can buy used are seats, handlebars and the stem.可知座椅、车把和把立可以用二手的替代。故选C。5 .词义猜测题。根据后文 to see how customers respond to the

11、m before you buy anything 可 知你在买任何东西之知，看看顾客的反应如何，即对这些零件的“评价”，故可推测划 线单词意思为评价，故选D。6 .推理判断题。文章内容主要是给自行车爱好者说明自行车各个部分的作用和注意事 项，此类文章最有可能出自一份流行杂志。故选B。C答案：1-4 BABA11 解析：1.推理判断题。根据第一段最后一句When he heard the Spanish spoken by the city people, Benito didnt know what they were saying.可知，当贝尼托第一次抵达城市瓦哈卡 时，他遇到了语言问题。

12、故选B。2 .推理判断题。根据第二段中 Antonio repaired and copied the library books, keeping them in good shape With the help of Antonio, Benito learned to speak, read, and write Spanish.和 第四段 Antonio decided to enroll him in a school for boys. Antonio taught Benito what he needed to pass the entrance test for the sc

13、hool.可知，安东尼奥是一个好老师。故选 A。3 .推理判断题。根据第三段中 Indians had been prevented from learning by a lack of school. 可知，在墨西哥，印度许多孩子不能接受教育，因为没有足够的学校。故选B。4 .主旨大意题。根据第一段第一句 Benito Juarez, a poor Indian boy, was twelve years old when he left his village home in December 1818.倒数第二段 Benito became a student at the colleg

14、e. His studies were difficult, and he was teased because he was the only Indian student there. He succeeded in spite of these challenges. Later, as the laws changed. Benito was able to attend a public college with other Indians.以及最后一段中 Benito Juarez continued his education and became a lawyer and, m

15、uch later, the President of Mexico from 1861 to 1872. 可知，本文讲述了一个印第安学生在墨西哥求学的经历。故选A。D答案：1-4 BCBB解析：1.推理判断题。根据文章第一段可知，通常人们认为学习外语是越早越好。随 着人的变老，就很难发准单词的读音，由此可推知，通常人们认为老年人在思维上迟 钝。故选B。2 .细节理解题。根据文章第二段第二句可知，作者建议老年人应该尝试新的事情，以 便使自己的大脑活跃。故选C。3 .细节理解题。根据文章最后一段可知，老年人学外语最好的理由是他们有充裕的时 间。尽管文中提到了到国外旅游，但这并不是他们的计划，而是

16、学好外语之后的优 势。故选B。4 .标题归纳题。通读全文可知，文章主要介绍了老年人学习外语的优势。故选B。 第二节答案：1-5 CDGEB12 解析： 1.前一句提到医生的关于正确饮食和多锻炼的忠告，后一句提到面对医生的那 么多忠告，我们往往很难开始实践。因此，此空的内容是对前一句医生的那些忠告进 行的一个评价。故选C。2 .这一段讲的是“吃得正确”，提到现在超市和餐馆里的食品很难让人有正确的选择，而 长期不当的选择乂会导致疾病。对于这样的问题，我们很难解决，于是作者给出了自 己的建议:不用考虑那么多，尽量吃自然的和有机的食物就可以了。故选D。3 .这一段介绍的是锻炼和身体健康的关系。在所有的

17、选项中只有G项提到了锻炼和健 康的关系。这里强调的是锻炼会让人更加健康和快乐。故选G。4 .这一段介绍减少压力对健康的重要性，提到美国人有77%的都有身体方面的压力。 作者认为，你若不想成为其中的一员，就得taking exercise, getting enough rest and cleaning bad relationships from your life。故选 Eo.这一段介绍的是快乐和健康的关系，并提出了如何成为一个更加快乐的人。在选项 中的B项中choose happiness符合题意。故选B。第二部分语言知识运用第一节答案:l.D; 2.A; 3.C; 4.A; 5.B;

18、6.C; 7.A; 8.B; 9.B; 10.C; ll.D; 12.C; 13.B; 14.A; 15.C解析：1.根据下段中的She had in her arms a kid that crying.可知,一个孩子在哭。故选D。5 .根据She had in her arms a kid that crying.并结合选项可知，只有A项符合语境。keep doing sth意为一直做某事”。故选A。6 .根据语境可知，作者告诉那位母亲，孩子需要有人抱着走走，然后她就会静下来睡觉。 break down意为“出故障”;go ahead意为前进,进行”;settle down意为”定居;（使

19、某人）安静 下来”;set off意为”出发;引起“。故选C。7 .根据后文的my wrinkled face and while hair （I was almost 60）可推知，作者是四个成年 孩子的父亲。故选A。8 .根据空后的lo walk the kid so she could get some sleep可知，作者主动提出抱着孩子 去走走，这样她就能睡一会儿了。offer lo do sih意为（主动）提出要做某事。故选B。9 根据空后的for the kids name and age可知作者是在问孩子的名字和年龄。故选Co根据常识和后文的walked slowly可知，作者

20、在哄孩子睡觉，所以是开始慢慢地走到经济 舱的前面。故选A。1310 根据常识,作者把孩子哄睡着了，自然要送回到妈妈那里，也就是回到妈妈的座位 (seat)o 故选 Bo根据上文的 I took the kid in my arms 及 I kept walking for over three hours and walked slowly up and down.可知在长达13个小时的航班上作者有四分之一的时间在抱着一个 孩子。故选Bo11 .根据下文的wanting to see the kid可知，航班上的女士们要看孩子，因为作者抱着孩子 来回走，所以是让作者停下来。故选C。12 .根据

21、下文的“Four,”可知(一位女士)在问作者有几个孩子。故选D。13 .根据前文的I hope this is your last one可知,她认为作者是孩子的父亲。故选C。14 .根据语境，作者应是微笑着继续来回走。故选B。15 .根据下文的I gave her kid back to her可知，孩子的妈妈醒了。故选A。16 .根据语境,此处是说作者把孩子抱给她妈妈时，她仍然在熟睡。故选Co 第二节答案：1.客观填空larger2 .客观填空it.客观填空Why3 .客观填空for.客观填空greatly4 .客观填空increasing.客观填空up5 .客观填空shortage.客观

22、填空what6 .客观填空Helps解析：1.考查形容词比较级。根据han”可知，此处应用形容词的比较级，指现在的收 入比以前要高。故填larger。2 .考查代词的用法。分析句子结构可知，此处应用il作仃nd的形式宾语，动词不定式 to make ends meel作真正的宾语。故填it。3 .考查疑问词。根据上文可知，许多家庭的收入增加了，但收支平衡却有点儿困难。 由此可知，应该问的是”为什么钱没有以前那么值钱了呢?”应用why引导特殊疑问句， 故填Why。144 .考查固定搭配。pay for sth意为为付钱”，此处指花钱买生活用品。故填for。5 .考查词性转换。空格处修饰动词inc

23、reased”，故应用所给词的副词形式greatly作状 语。故填greatly。6 .考查非谓语动词。keep doing sth意为不断做某事”，此处指生活成本不断上升。故填 increasing o.考查固定短语。根据语境可知，如果人们对某些商品有需求，那么它们的价格就会 上涨。go up意为上涨,上升。故填up。7 .考查词性转换。根据语境可知，如果物品短缺的话，价格也会上涨。根据冠词“a”可 知，此处应用所给词的名词形式。故填shoriage。8 .考查宾语从句。空格处引导宾语从句，且在从句中作主语，指内容。故填whal。9 .考查动词的时态和主谓一致。句意：由于生活成本的提高，预算

24、有助于你明智地消 费。动名词作主语时谓语动词应用单数形式，且全文时态为一般现在时。故填helps。 第三部分写作第一节答案：Dear Sir or Madam,Im Li Hua, a Chinese student studying in New Zealand. Fm writing to ask for some information about traveling in New Zealand since I plan to spend my summer vacation there. Could you recommend some popular traveling route

25、s to me?As we know, New Zealand is famous for its beautiful scenery and places of interest and I want to know more details. Besides, Im also interested in the local food, which is spoken highly of among us Chinese students. At last, what else should I prepare for the traveling?Id be grateful to rece

26、ive a reply at your earliest convenience.Yours sincerely,Li Hua 第二节 答案：Thoughts started running through my mind. I needed to start CPR. But I couldnt do CPR on a person who was sitting in a car. Did I remember how to do CPR? There was no way for us two women to lift this guy and carry him through th

27、is traffic to the side of the road. By the time an ambulance arrived, he would be dead. Just then, over my shoulder, I noticed a black15SUV had pulled up behind us.In an instant, the man from the black SUV was standing beside me and said. I am a doctor 1 stepped back. He confirmed that the man indee

28、d had no pulse. He quickly carried the unconscious driver to the sidewalk with the help of the woman. I walked around to the passenger window to check on the elderly lady. Her hands were shaking wildly, tears in her eyes. She could only manage to whisper, Will he be OK? I hope so, I told her softly,

29、 as the doctor began CPR. And his breath recovered!16A.They take the food home with a doggie bag for their dogs.B.They leave the food on the table and go away.C.Thcy take the food home with a doggie bag and enjoy the food later.D.They ask the waitress or waiter to keep the food for them.3.What can y

30、ou learn about tips according to the passage? A.Customers often add tips to their check.B.Tips are supposed to be left on the table when customers leave. C.People dont need to pay tips.D.The price of the meal usually includes the tip.BIf youre a cycling lover, you will have to pay a lot of attention

31、 to your bicycle and maintain it well, for bicycle parts are exposed to wear and tear（磨损）over time and you have to examine the bicycle to see if there are any signs of wearing such as scratches, denis（凹陷）, etc. Sometimes, a part may not work because it has exceeded its life expectancy. Sometimes, yo

32、u will need to find replacement parts for it to keep up the performance of the bicycle.Different parts of a bicycle will wear at different rates so it is very important that you have a basic understanding about the role played by each part. One of the most important parts of the bicycle is the frame

33、, You will need to choose a frame that lasts for a very long time. Of course, you will see some paint scratches after some time. When youre selecting a frame, you have to think about the material. Aluminium（锅）frames will not rust easily, but they have a higher chance to dent. Steel frames will be ha

34、rd to dent, but you will need to make sure they get a good paintjob so that they wont rust.Wheels also experience a lot of wear and tear and you should go fbr a professional seller when you want to buy wheels. There are different types of wheels that you can buy, like Zipp wheels that provide more a

35、erodynamic efficiency（空气动力学效能）.Investing in new tyres instead of going fbr used is a good idea because you will be able to get more use out of it. The same goes for chain as theres a higher chance of a used chain breaking. You may also experience shifting problems. However, some parts of bicycles su

36、ch as pedals can be used for a long time and you can find different styles.Other parts that you can buy used are seats, handlebars and the stem. When you are buying handlebars, you have to see if there are any dents or if they have been bent out of shape.There shouldnt be any cracks in the seat post

37、 or the handlebars. There are many shops where you can buy parts, so you will have to check the references to see how customers respond to them before you buy anything.1 .According to the passage, cycling lovers should.A.buy a new bicycle to keep up the performanceB.replace the bicycle parts with si

38、gns of wearing C.choose aluminium frames rather than steel ones D.learn how each part of the bicycle basically works 2.Which parts may be replaced by the used ones?A. Wheels and chains.B.Tyres and seats.C.Handlebars and stems.D. Frames and pedals.3 .The underlined word references in the last paragra

39、ph probably means materialsA. pricesintroductionsB. comments.This passage is most likely to be found in.A.a research reportB.a popular magazineC.a tourist guide bookD.a product advertisementCBenito Juarez, a poor Indian boy, was twelve years old when he left his village home in December 1818. Benito

40、 walked forty-one miles to the city of Oaxaca, high in the mountains of Mexico. When he heard the Spanish spoken by the city people, Benito didnt know what they were saying.First, Benito became a servant for a wealthy gentleman, Serer Maza. Soon, he went to work for Antonio Salanueva, a church（教会）li

41、brarian Antonio repaired and copied the library books, keeping them in good shape. Benito became his helper and his housekeeper. Antonio loved to teach Benito soon became his student as well as his servant. With the help of Antonio, Benito learned to speak, read, and write Spanish.At that time in Me

42、xico, many people believed that Indians were not smart enough to read or learn. Antonio knew that was not true Indians had been prevented from learning by a lack of schools. The first Danish missionaries（传教土）came to Mexico had educated the native people. In fact, churches from Spain had built the fi

43、rst college on the North American continent（大陆）for the Indians. As more Spanish came to Mexico, however, the Indian children were crowded out of the schools.Benito was a good and bright student, so Antonio developed a plan for him. In 1821, when Benito was fifteen, Antonio decided to enroll him in a

44、 school for boys. Antonio taught Benito what he needed to pass the entrance test for the school.Benito became a student at the college. His studies were difficult, and he was teased because he was the only Indian student there. He succeeded in spite of these challenges. Later, as the laws changed, B

45、enito was able to attend a public college with other Indians.Benito Juarez continued his education and became a lawyer and, much later, the President of Mexico from 1861 to 1872. He led the Mexican people to victory over the French, who tried to rule Mexico, and fought for the rights of Indians. He

46、is one of the great heroes in Mexican history.1 .When Benito first arrived in the city of Oaxaca, he. A.lost touch with his familyB.got the language problem C.studied in a church library D.lived in the mountain2.According to the passage, Antonio was a.A. good teacherrich gentlemanB. strict housekeep

47、erhelpful villager4.1 n Mexico, many Indian children couldnt get an education, because. A.they were less smartB.there were not enough schoolsC.there were too many native people D.they were too poor to go to school 4. What is probably the best title of the passage? A.A young student in Mexico.B.Fight

48、ing for the rights.C.A bright Mexican educator.D.Born to be a servant.DIf you want to learn a language and become fluent in it, you really need to start as early in life as possible, because the older you get, the harder it can be to get your tongue round new words and sounds. However, that is not a reason to put off learning a language later in life, because there are still many advantages to it.As you get older, it can become more and more tempting to stick to things you are most familiar with. However, giving yourself something new to do can help to keep your brain active