货殖列传注音版.docx

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1、hu zhi lid zhuan货殖列传loo zl yuezhi zhi zhi jl Hn gu6 xiongwdng jl g6u zhi shcngxiong wt-nmln gd老子曰：“至治之极，邻国相望，鸡狗之声相闻，民各gon qi shl mei ql fo on ql so a qi yd zhi loo si bii xiong wo ng Idibl ydng甘其食，美其服，安其俗，乐其业，至老死不相往来。”必用ci w6i wiijin shl to min er mo z6 jl wii xing yi此为务，蜿近世涂民耳目，则几无行矣。tdi shl flung

2、yue fu shun ndnji yi qidn wu bu zhi yi zhi rud shi shu su6 shU yii xia太史公曰：夫神农以前，吾不知已。至若诗书所述虞夏yi lai M mii yu jl shcna si* zhi hoo kdu yii qi6ng cho hudn zhi wc-i shen on yi 16 cr以来，耳目欲极声色之好，口欲穷刍豢之味，身安逸乐，而Xin ku。guon neng zhi rdng shi sU zhi jidn min jio yi sui hii shuo yi mioo ICin zfwng bii ncng 心

3、夸矜致能之荣。使俗之渐民久矣，虽户说以眇论，终不能hud gO shon zhG yin zhi qt cl 11 ddo zhi qi ci jioo hul zhi ql ci zhng qt zhi化。故善者因之，其次利道之，其次教诲之，其次整齐之,zui xid zhf- yfl zhi zhang最下者与之争。fo shan xi rdo cdi zhomdo yO shl shund6ng duo yO y6n夫山西饶材、竹、毂、穗、旄、玉石；山东多鱼、盐qi si shong s。 jiong non chozt jiong gui jin xi lion don sha漆、丝、

4、声色；江南出菜、梓、姜、桂、金、锡、连、丹沙、xt ddi mdo zho ji chi gt? long men 於 sh（ boi duo md niu ydng zhon qiu jin犀、玳瑁、珠矶、齿革；龙门、碣石北多马、牛、羊、旃裘、筋jiao t6ng tif z qk）n H wdngwdngshan cho zhi cl ql dd j诂0jle zlwrng gu6 ren min角；铜、铁则千里往往山出缸置：此其大较也。皆中国人民sud xf hdo yd。sd bdi fii yin shi fengshengsong sf zhi ju ye go ddi nGng

5、6r shl zhi yii 所喜好，谣俗被服饮食奉生送死之具也。故待农而食之，虞6r chu zhi gong dr cheng zhi shang dr tong zhi ci ning y6u zheng jiao fa zhi qi hui zai ren而出之，工而成之，商而通之。此宁有政教发徵期会哉？人r0n qi ndng jid qi li yl dd sub yu gii wii jian zhi zhi gul gui zhi zhi jian各任其能，竭其力，以得所欲。故物贱之徵贵，贵之徵贱,M qudn qi yd Id qi shi aid shui zhi qu x

6、id ri yi- wi xia shi bii zhao dr z) Idi各劝其业，乐其事，若水之趋下，日夜无休时，不召而自来,bo qiu 0r mln cho zhi qi fei ddo zhi su。 fil 6r zl rdn zhr ydn ii chu Zd fd qi shi shang bu chu周书曰：“农不出则乏其食，工不出则乏其事，商不出Z6 san bdo ju(* yii bu Chu Z6 edi kui shdocoi kui shdo 6r shan Z0 bu pi yi ci Si则三宝绝，虞不出则财匮少。”财匮少而山泽不辟矣。此四(on bian

7、hu zhf min fii xiangshdn zd bei xid zhi bi z6 wei dan zhi qian zd yi凡编户之民，富相什则卑下之，伯则畏惮之，千则役,Wan Z6 pu Wu Zhi II yd fu yong pin qiu fu ndng bu ru gong gong bu hi Shang Ci万则仆，物之理也。夫用贫求富，农不如工，工不如商，刺xiu wen bu ni yi shi mdn ci yan md ye pin zhd zhi zi yoyi da du gu yi绣文不如倚市门，此言末业，贫者之资也。通邑大都，酷一sui qian n

8、iangxl jidng qianjianj qiantu nitj yang zhi qian pi fan tiao qidnzh6ng岁千酿，醯酱千丽，浆千甑，屠牛羊彘干皮，贩毂枭千锤，xln qiun ch。 chudnzhdng qidn zhdng mu qian zhang zhu gdn wun gd qi ydo che bai cheng nio 薪禀千车，船长千丈，木千章，竹竿万个，其貂车百乘，牛che qion Iio ngmil ql zhe qion m6i t6ng ql qion jon so mO tif ql rud zhi xi qion shi车千两，木

9、器触者千枚，铜器千钧，素木铁器若卮茜千石，mo bing shi y?鲁以其故多去文学而趋利者，以曹郁氏也。qf so jidn no 10 dr dao jion du di gul zhi ji6 xi6 no r6n zhi sud hudn yd齐俗贱奴虏，而刀间独爱贵之。桀黠奴，人之所患也,wd doo jion shou qO shi zhi zhil yO ydn shong gO zhi 11 hub lidn ch。qijiao shcuxiang rdn唯刀间收取，使之逐渔盐商贾之利，或连车骑，交守相，然yCi yl mn zhi zhong dd ql 11 qi fo

10、shu qion wdn gii yue ning ju6 wu doo ydn qi愈益任之。终得其力，起富数千万。故曰“宁爵毋刀言其neng shl hdo nd zl rdo dr jin q( 11能使豪奴自饶而尽其力。zhou rc-n ji qidn dr shi shi y6u shdn zhudn 9。yi bdi shu jid jun gu。 wii su6 bii 周人既纤，而师史尤甚，转毂以百数，贾郡国，无所不zhi Iu6 ydng jic* jo zdi qi qfn cho zMo zhi zhang pin Mn xuC- shl fCi jia xionggu

11、dn yi jio jio至。洛阳街居在齐秦楚赵之中，贫人学事富家，相矜以久贾，shu gud yl bu rO mdn sha ran ci deng gii shi shl n6ng zhi qi qion win数过邑不入门，设任此等，故师史能致七千万。xuan qu rn shi zhi xian wd du dao cang li qin zhi bai # hdo 爬 jie zheng qu jin 宣曲任氏之先，为督道仓吏。秦之败也，豪杰皆争取金yii ” r(*n shl du jido cans sii cho han anu ju xingy6ng ye- min bii

12、 dd gdnqzhdng ml shi玉，而任氏独窖仓粟。楚汉相距荥阳也，民不得耕种，米石zhi wdn 6r h6o 祀 jrn yii jin gur r*n shi rdn shl yl ci qi to fti ren zheng she chi 至万，而豪杰金玉尽归任氏，任氏以此起富。富人争奢侈，6r rOn shl zh6 ji6 wGi jion 11 tian chii tion chii rdn zheng qo jidn jid rtn shi do qU gui shdn而任氏折节为俭，力田畜。田畜人争取贱贾，任氏独取贵善。fu zhd shu shi rdn rdn

13、gong jia yue fei ti6n chii SU6 chu fii yi shf gong shi bu bi Z6 Shen富者数世。然任公家约，非田畜所出弗衣食，公事不毕则身bu yi n jia shi rou yi ci wd 10 li 10 gu fu dr zhu shaogzhdng zhi不得饮酒食肉。以此为闾里率，故富而主上重之。sdi zhi chi ye wei qido yfio yi zhi mo qian pi nio bd zhiy6ng wdn t6u so yi塞之斥也，唯桥姚已致马千匹，牛倍之，羊万头，粟以won zhong ji wo cho

14、qi gu5 bins qi shf chdng on zhftng 116 hdu fcng jon xin9 8ng jon 10 j ddi万锤计。吴楚七国兵起时，长安中列侯封君行从军旅，赍贷zf qi6nzi qidn jld yi w6i hrtu yi gu6 zdi gufind6nggudndftngchng bdi wdi jud md ksn yfi子钱，子钱家以为侯邑国在关东，关东成败未决，莫肯与。wdi wu yon shi chu ju6n qian jin dai qi xi shdn zhi san yue wu ch。ping yi sui zhi zhong唯

15、无盐氏出捐千金贷，其息什之。三月，吴楚平，一岁之中，zd wu yan shi zhi xi shdn bid y6ng ci fu Ii6 guanzhong则无盐氏之息什倍，用此富埒关中。guonzhong fti slwng do go dd di jin zhn tian tion s& tian kin wci jio 11 shi关中富商大贾，大抵尽诸田，田啬、田兰。韦家栗氏,dn ling du du shi yi ji wdn安陵、杜杜氏，亦巨万。ci qi zhdngzhdng y6u yi zhe yt- jie fci you ju。yi 住ng 心 ndng fo fd

16、n ji qmg xion xia zh qi ng xiang 11 zho商贾，为权利以成富，大者倾郡，中者倾县，下者倾乡里者，bu / sheng sha木可胜数。to qidn s6 jin 11 zhi sht-ng zhi zhdng ddo ya Or fti zhe- bl ydng qi shf-ngtidn n6ng夫纤啬筋力，治生之正道也，而富者必用奇胜。田农,jue yd 6r qin yng jion shi 淤 er tian sho yl qt be xl掘业，而秦扬以盖一州。掘冢，奸事也，而田叔以起。博戏,6 yd yO 6r hu4n fd ydng f xi

17、ng jid zhdng fo jldn xing yc dr yong 16 chng yl rho恶业也，而桓发用富。行贾，丈夫贱行也，而雍乐成以饶。fan zhi ra chii * 0r ydng b6 qian jin mdi jiang xifio ye yft 6r zhong shi qian wdn贩脂，辱处也，而雍伯千金。卖浆，小业也，而张氏千万。sd xue b6 ji yd dr zhi shi ding shi wei fii jidn wei dr zhu6 shi lian qi md洒削，薄技也，而郅氏鼎食。胃脯，简微耳，浊氏连骑。马yi qidn fang z

18、hang II ji zhdng ci jie chdng yi zhi su& zhi医，浅方，张里击锤。此皆诚壹之所致。ydu shi guan zhi fu wti jing ye zd hud wu chdng zha n6ng zhd fti CM bu xiao zh0由是观之，富无经业，则货无常主，能者辐凑，不肖者wd jid qidn jin zhi jia bi yi dou zhT jun ju wan zh色 ndi yu wdng zhd 16ng Ie qi sub wei瓦解。千金之家比一都之君，巨万者乃与王者同乐。岂所谓su feng zhf- xid fei y

19、0“素封”者邪？非也？hub zhi zhi 11gongshdng shl ying 阳 jo shdn jl yi xl y(ng bM gut fu 9116货殖之利，工商是营。废居善积，倚市邪赢。白圭富国，ji rdn qiongbing Iu6 cn chtioqing nfl zhu hudi qing su feng qion hfi zhurtzheng ql m(ng计然强兵。保参朝请，女筑怀清。素封千户，卓郑齐名。zhd min sud yi Shi zhi yu6n yd yuan da zd rao yuu qi zhongshuoi gufin zl xio zhi

20、she qingztxjng jia海岱之间敛袂而往朝焉。其彳爰齐中衰，管子修之，设轻重九M z6 hudngdng yl bd jio hd zho hdu yl kuong tion xid 6r gudn shl yl you son gul府，则桓公以霸，九合诸侯，一匡天下；而管氏亦有三归，wei zdi pM ch+nfO wo 於 gud zhi jon shlyl qf fu zhi wo woi xuon yC位在陪臣，富於列国之君。是以齐富弓i至於威、宣也。gii yuc-canq lln shi 0r zhiII ji6 yi shizu dr zhi r6nHroII s

21、hcng wu故曰：“仓縻实而知礼节，衣食足而知荣辱。”礼生於y6u 0r fdi wq wu gCi jnn zi Ki hdo xing qi do xioo ren fi yl qi h yuan shen有而废於无。故君子富，好行其德；小人富，以遹其力。渊深6r yu sh yan fO zho d zhi yl er bu Id yi dt yl shan yon yu。 qion jm zhi zl 失致则客无所之，以而不乐。夷狄益甚。谚曰：“千金之子，bii si wo shici fei kftng y6n ye go yuetian xid xi xi jie wd 11 l

22、ai不死於市。”此非空言也。故曰：“天下熙熙，皆为利来；tian xid rang rang jie wi li wdhgfu qianchtng zhi w6ng wdn jla zhi hrtu bdi shl zhi jun天下攘攘，皆为利往。”夫千乘之王，万家之侯，百室之君，shang you huan pin 6r kuang pi fu bian hu zhi min hu尚犹患贫，而况匹夫编户之民乎！xi zhe yuc wdng gou jidn kOn wo hui ji zhi shdng noi ydng tdn li ji ran jl r6n yu。昔者越王勾践困於会

23、稽之上，乃用范蠡、计然。计然曰：zhi dfxj z。 xio bei shi yftng ze zhi wo dr zhc xing zd won hud zhf qing k? dd er guon yl“知斗则修备，时用则知物，二者形则万货之情可得而观己。gii sui zoi jin rdng shul hui mu ji hurt hon han zfi zi zhftu shut z6 zi故岁在金，穰；水，毁；木，饥；火，旱。旱则资舟，水则资Che Wu zhi li yd liu sui rdng liu sui hon shi er sui yi da ji fu tiao

24、er shi车，物之理也。六岁穰，六岁旱，十二岁一大饥。夫梁，二十bi ng n6ng jiu shi bi ng md md bi ng ze cd bu chu n6ng bi ng zd cdo bu pi yi sho ng bu gud病农，九十病末。末病则财不出，农病则草不辟矣。上不过ba shi xid bu ji6n san shi zC- n6ng md ju 11 ping tiao qi wii ouan shi bu fd zhi 例6 八十，下不减三十，则农末俱利，平果齐物，关市不乏，治国zhi ddo yf ji zho zhi 11 wti won wO wu x

25、i bi yi wti xiang mdo yl fo bdi 0r shi之道也。积著之理，务完物，无息币。以物相贸易，腐败而食Zhi huo Wu liQ Wii gdn ju gui lun qf y6u yu bu Zu Z6 Zhi 9U1 jian 9U1 sho ng jf Z6之货勿留，无敢居贵。论其有馀不足，则知贵贱。贵上极则ffin jidn jion xia ji fan gui gui chu ru fen to jian qa m zhu yu cai bi yu qi反贱，贱下极则反贵。贵出如粪土，贱取如珠玉。财币欲其xing m liu shuixiu zhi s

26、hf nidn gu6 fu hdu lii zhdn shi shi fu shi shi ni ko de行如流水。”修之十年，国富，厚赂战士，士赴矢石，如渴得yin sui bao wu gudnbingzhong 例6 chena hao wu ba 饮，遂报强吴，观兵中国，称号“五霸”。fan li ji xu4 hui ji zhi chf nfii kui rdn 6r tdn yu0ji rdn zhi ce qi yu。范蠡既雪会稽之耻，乃喟然而叹曰：“计然之策七，越ydng qi wu 6r de yi ji yl shi wu gu6 wu yu ydng zhi jia

27、ndi cheng pion zhou fu wu用其五而得意。既已施於国，吾欲用之家。”乃乘扁舟浮於jiang hu bian mi ng yi xi nyqi wei chi yf zl pi zhi tdo wei 96ng96ng yi w6i江湖，变名易姓，遹齐为鹏夷子皮，之陶为殊公。殊公以为tdo tian xid zhi zh6nq zhu h6u si 16nH hub wii sud jiao yi y。 ndi zhi chdn ji ju yil shi 陶天下之中，诸侯四通，货物所交易也。乃治产积居。与时zhu dr bu z6 wu rdn gQ shdn zhi s

28、hcnjj zhe neno z。Mn Cr rf-n shi shi jia nidn zhi ztwns son 逐而不责於人。故善治生者，能择人而任时。十九年之中三zhi qian jin zdi fen sdn yO pin jioo sho kon dl cl su6 wf*i fii hoo xing ql d6 zhd yB hiu致千金，再分散与贫交疏昆弟。此所谓富好行其德者也。彳灸niinshuai Ido 6r ting zl son zi son yd 6r xi zhi sul zhi jii won gO ydn fo zhr jie年衰老而听子孙，子孙脩业而息之，遂

29、至巨万。故言富者皆cheng Mo gftng称陶珠公。zl gdn ji xu6 wu zhbng ni tul or shi wu wii fdi zhii yu cdi wu cdo la zhr iian子赣既学於仲尼，退而仕於卫，废著鬻财於曹、鲁之间，qi shi zi zhi tu ci zul w6i rdo yl yuan xidn bu ydn zoo kang nl wo qi6ngxidng zl 96ng七十子之徒，赐最为饶益。原宪不厌糟糠，匿於穷巷。子贡jie si lion ql shu b6 zhi bl yi pin xiong zho h5u su5 zhi

30、gu6 jon va) bu fen tfng yd zhi结驷连骑，束帛之币以聘享诸侯，所至，国君无不分庭与之kdng II fn shi k6ng zl ml ng bu ydng wo tian xid zh8 zt gdng xidn hdu zhi y? cl sue wi de抗礼。夫使孔子名布扬於天下者，子贡先彳友之也。此所谓得6r yi zhong zhm hu致而益彰者乎？boi gur zhuu rcn yd dfing wi-i wen h6u shi 11 kd wi jin di 11 0r bd gui Its白圭，周人也。当魏文侯时，李克务尽地力，而白圭乐guon

31、 shi bidn gti rdn ql w6 qo ren qO w6 yo fo sul shi) qOyo zhi si qi观时变，故人弃我取，人取我与。夫岁孰取毂，予之丝漆；jion cho qo b6 xd yo zhi shi tdi yin zdi mao rd ng m(ng sul shudi 6 zhi wo hdn茧出取帛絮，予之食。太阴在卯，穰；明岁衰恶。至午，旱；mfng sui mN zhi ycu Mng mfng sui shudi fe zhi zl do honmi ng sui moi yftu shut明岁美。至酉，穰；明岁衰恶。至子，大旱；明岁美，有

32、水。zhi mao ji zhii Id sui bei yu zhang q诂n qa xiazhang shi dou qo shangzhftng ndng至卯，积著率岁倍。欲长钱，取下毂；长石斗，取上种。能M yin shi mn shi yii jid yi fii yu ydng shi tong pu tong kG Ie qu shi ruo mngshdu薄饮食，忍嗜欲，节衣服，与用事僮仆同苦乐，趋时若猛兽zhi nido zhi fa gu yu。wu zhi shengchdn y6u yi yin IQ shang zhi m6u sun wu ydng挚鸟之发。故曰：

33、“吾治生产，犹伊尹、吕尚之谋，孙吴用bins shdngydnq xlng fd shi yd shi gu qi zhi bu zil yo qudn biany6ng bii zu yi jud duan兵，商鞅行法是也。是故其智不足与权变，勇不足以决断，rdn bu nCng yi qfl yobu nC-ng y5u sud shdu sui yii xue wu shu zh shi yi n6ng shi y6u suf ztwng fei gdu盖天下言治生祖白圭。白圭其有所试矣，能试有所长，非苟6r yf ye而已也。yi diin y6ngyan ql dr han dan

34、gud zdn yi tic* yo chcnq yd yO wdng zh。lid fii猗顿用蹙盐起。而邯郸郭纵以铁冶成业，与王者埒富。wu shi lud xu mu ji zhong chi moi qia qf z3n9 wu jidn xion yf rrtng wdng r6ng乌氏保畜牧，及众，斥卖，求奇缙物，间献遗戎王。戎wdngshdn bei qi chdng yQ zhi chii chii zhi ydng ga liang md niu qfn shi hudng di ling Iu6 bi feng王什倍其偿，与之畜，畜至用谷量马牛。秦始皇帝令保比封jun yi

35、 shi yu lid ch6nchdoqinj 6r ba gufi fu qing qi xian d dan xud 6r shan qi li君，以时与列臣朝请。而巴寡妇清，其先得丹穴，而擅其利shu shi jia yi bu zi qinq gud Qnongshou ql y y6ng cdi zi wdi bu jian qin数世，家亦不誉。清，寡妇也，能守其业，用财自卫，不见侵fan qin hudng dl yf w6i zhen fu 0r kd zhi wci zhu nd hudi qing t6i to lu。bl rdn mu zhdnq 犯。秦皇帝以为贞妇而客

36、之，为筑女怀清台。夫像鄙人牧长，qi ng qi6ng xidng aud fii 11 kdng wdn ch6ng ml ng xion tidn xid ql fei yi fCi xid清穷乡寡妇，礼抗万乘，名显天下，岂非以富邪？han Xing hdi nei Wei yi kai guan liangchi shan Zd zhi jin shi yi fu sho ng do gO汉兴，海内为一，开关梁，弛山泽之禁，是以富商大贾zhdu liu tian xid jiao yi zhi wu md bu tong de qi su6 yu dr xi hao ji zhu h(x

37、i zu周流天下，交易之物莫不通，得其所欲，而徙豪杰诸侯强族wu jing shi於京师。guanzlwng ziydng yl d6n9 zhi h0 hud gao rang wo ys qian 11 zi yii xid zhi关中自济、雍以东至河、华，膏壤沃野千里，自虞夏之96ng yi W6i Shang tian 6r gong liuda Wdng Wang ji Zai qf Wen Wang Zlio feng Wu贡以为上田，而公刘遹邠，大王、王季在岐，文王作丰，武wang zhi gdo gii qf min y6u ydu xian wdng zhi yi feng

38、hdo jia s zhi wudi zhdng王治镐，故其民犹有先王之遗风，好稼嵇，殖五15,地重， zhong wei xi6 ji qin wen miao ju ydng xi Iftng shQ zhi hud wu 6r duo jid xian gong xi 11重为邪。及秦文、缪居雍，隙陇蜀之货物而多贾。献公徙标yi li yi bi r6ng zhdi dong tong san jin yi duo da 9a zhao zhi xidn ydng yin yi han邑，栋邑北郤戎翟，东通三晋，亦多大贾。昭治咸阳，因以汉ddu chdng an zhu ling si fang fti cbu bi ng zhi 6r hui dl xido r6n zhong gu qi min yi