UNIT4单元专题整合-【教材解读】人教版英语八年级上册.docx

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1、单元专题整合单元语法详解析语法解读形容词和副词的最高级1.形容词和副词最高级的用法最高级表示三者或三者以上（人或事物）的比较。表示在一群人或事 物中，其中一个“最二句中常含有表示比较范围的介词。f或in短语, 形容词的最高级前一般要加定冠词the,副词最高级前的the可以省略。） Jim is the tallest boy of them.吉姆是他们当中最高的男孩儿。Mary runs （ the ） fastest in her class 玛丽在班里跑得最快。妙指津形容词的最高级可被序数词修饰，构成“the+序数词+形容词的最高 级”结构，表示“第几（长、大、远）”。形容词的最高级前有物

2、主代词 时，不加the。The Yellow River is the second longest river in China. 黄河是中国的第二长河。口助记得意啥？没有我给雇分类构成方式示例规则 变化一般情况在词尾加-estnew-newest fast-fastest以字母e结尾的词在词尾加-stfine-finest late-latest重读闭音节词词尾 只有一个辅音字母 时先双写该辅音 字母，再加-esthot-hottest thin-thinnest以“辅音字母+y”结 尾的双音节词变y为i,再加-estearlyearliest happy-happiest多音节词和部分双

3、 音节词在词前加mostcareful 1y-mos t carefullyuseful-most useful不规则 变化good/well-best bad/bad1y/i11-worst many/much-most little-least far-farthest/furthest old-oldest/eldestBill is my elder brothers best friend. 比尔是我哥哥最好的朋友。2.形容词和副词最高级的构成3.形容词和副词最高级的常用句型 (l)Which/Who.A,B or C? Which city is the biggest, Beij

4、ing, Shanghai or GuangzhoiH哪一座城市最大，北京、上海还是广州？助记：巧记最高级的规则变化 最高级构成很好记， 一般词尾加-cst; 遇到哑e结尾词， 直接就加-st;一辅重读闭音节， 单辅字母须双写； 辅音字母+y, 要把y变i;部分双音和多音节， 词前须加mosto链中考（河南中考）I have been to quite a few restaurants , but I can say this one is .A. goodB. betterC.the better D. the best点拨：可用语境分析法和语法判 断法解答本题。由quite a fewI

5、 restaurants可推知,是很多饭店 进行比较，用最高级形式the best,意为“这家饭店是最好的 故选D。（2） “one of the/形容词性物主代词+形容词的最高级十可数名词复数” 结构，表示“最的之一”。(广东中考)Among the four seas off the coast of China, EastChina Sea is the secondA.deep B. deeperC.deepest D. the deepest 点拨：可用语法判断法解答本题。 lhe+序数词+形容词的最高 级”表示“第几(长、大、远)”, 结合句中的second可知其后用 最高级，且不

6、加定冠词the,故 选C。She is one of my best friends.她是我最好的朋友之一。妙指津比较级形式表达最高级含义的句型否定词.+形容词/副词的比较级一What do you think of the plan?你觉得计划怎么样？一It can* t be better.再好不过了。比较级+lhan+any other+可数名词单数This book is more difficult than any other book.=This book is the most difficult of all.这些书当中这本最难。比较级+than+the other+可数名词

7、复数Asia is bigger than the other continents on Earth.亚洲是地球上最大的洲。即学即练单项选择.（襄阳中考）一Lily has two sisters, doesn，t she?Yes. She* s taller and older than her two sisters, but she* s not one of the three.A.the tallestB. youngestC.shortestD. the cleverest.（临沂中考）Mr. Wang is very friendly to us. He is of all t

8、he persons I know.A. patientB. less patientC.more patient D. the most patient.（泰州中考）一The service is very wonderful and the weather is quite fine.一Yes, this holiday is so great. We have never had before.A. the better one B. a good oneC. a better oneI）, the best one.（凉山中考）Putting out forest fire is re

9、garded as one of problems in the world.A. difficultB. more difficultC. most difficult D.the most difficult.（黄冈中考）一Do you know that China is one of countries in the world?-Yes, 1 do. 11* s much than the US.A. oldest;older B. the oldest; olderC. the oldest; elder 1）. the older： elder6.（白银中考）一He is the

10、 only one who failed the math exam.Really? You mean he studies .A. the most carefulB. the least carefulC. he most carefullyD. the least carefully【答案速查】1.1） 2.1） 3.C 4.1） 5. B 6.1）话题写作巧引领典例导引【剖析】本单元以“你居住的城镇”为话题，与此相关的写作任务是描写周围的事物。写作时要求我们正确运用 形容词或副词的原级、比较级和最高级对比不同的事物，并表明自己的观点。写作此类话题作文时常用一般 现在时，体裁通常为说明文

11、。此类话题作文吸引阅卷人眼球的亮点表达有：(l)0f all the , I like . best. (2) It has the best(3) As for., I dont like it. Its worse than.【典例】假如你是Tom,经常到学校附近的三家餐馆吃饭，请根据表格中的内容，对这三家餐馆进行对比，做一下 简单介绍。80词左右。RestaurantsPricesQuality （质量）ServiceJasonscheapestworstnot friendlyMiller* scheaperbetterfriendlyHam* sexpensivebestfriend

12、liest满分范文借鉴提升There are three restaurants near our school. Of the开门见山，点出自己最喜欢的餐馆。开篇引题，值得 借鉴。学习本文正确运用形容词的比较级，清晰明了地表 达了自己的观点。though引导的让步状语从句的使用使文章句式灵活， 体现了作者扎实的语言功底。易错提醒：动笔的时候一定要小心，千万别踩到下面这 两颗地雷哦！A. friendly的最高级是把y改为i,再加-est。B. though引导让步状语从句,不与but连用。three restaurants, I like Hams best. 1； Because it h

13、as the best food. And it has the friendliest service of the three However, people dont often eat there because the food there is the most expensive.I also 1 ike Mi 11 ers. The food ihere is cheaper than that in Hams. And it has better food than Jasons.11 al so has f r i end 1y service. It i s the mo

14、st popular restaurant near our school.As for Jasons , I dont like it. Though its the cheapest , it has the wocsl food. And it doesnt have friendly service at all.核心考点全突破考点1:形容词和副词的最高级考向1形容词和副词最高级的构成考向2形容词和副词最高级的用法考点2:n。problem的用法考向no problem在情景交际中的应用考点3:pricc的用法考向价格的高低用high或low考点4:be up to的用法考向交际用语中

15、的使用考点5:everybody的用法考向levei、ybody与其他不定代词的辨析考向2eveiybody作主语时的主 义谓一致考点6:come true的用法考向come true与其他短语动词的辨析 【真题演练】1 .（巴中中考）一This is fascinating town I have ever visited.Yes, I* ve never seen a one.A.the worst; biggerB.the most; betterC. the better;best2 .（褰阳中考）一China is over 5, 00（） years old. Itsone of

16、countries in the world.Yes. It has much history than the USA.A.old;longB. older;longerC.older;the3 .（广州中考）Emma of al 1 her friends.A. carefulC. more carefully4 .（青海中考）Could to my office?A. No problemlongest I）, the oldest; longerlooked afterher pet dogB.most carefulD. the most carefullyyou help me c

17、arry the chairB. T m afraid not5 .（溜博中考）The price of the book was so that I had to go back home for more money.A. highB. lowC. expensiveI）, cheap6 .（临沂中考）一Shall we go to the amusement park right away or next weekend?一 Any time will do.A. Excuse me.B. Have a good time.C. I* m afraid I can, t. D. Its

18、up to you.7 .（镇江中考）一Have you asked about the case?No, except Bob.A.everybodyB. anybodyC. nobodyD. somebody8 .（云南中考）As long as all the Chinese people pul 1 together, our Chinese Dream will .Ae trueBe outCe upI）e downC.You* re welcome【思路点拨】1 .可用普境分析法解答本题。根据句意“这是我游 览过的最棒的城镇。”可知第一空应用最高级；由 答语句意“是的，我从来没有见

19、过比这个更好的城 镇。”可知，第二空应用比较级。故选B。2 .可用语法判断法解答本题。根据句中的one of和 countries可以判断,此处为one of+the+形容词的 最高级十名词复数”结构；由答语中的than可知应用 比较级longer故选Do.可用语法判断法解答本题。由范围of all her friends可知本句应用最高级；修饰短语动词look after应用副词形式,故此处应用carefully的最高 级。故选【）。3 .可用情景交际法解答本题。no problem 没问 题；I, m afraid not 恐怕不行;youre welcome“不客气。根据答语中Its a

20、 piece of cake. n可 知，愿意帮忙。故选A。4 .可用语法和语法判断法解答本题。high“高的”；low “低的；expensive “昂贵的；cheap 便宜的。由句中I had to go back home for more money”可知，这本书的价格很高，表示价格的高 低用high或low.,故选Ao5 .可用情景交际法解答本题。excuse me “对不起/ 打扰一下”;have a good time 祝你玩得高兴”： I* m afraid I cant恐怕我不能；its up to you” 由你决定”。结合下句句意“任何时间都可以“可知， 应选Its up

21、 to you. 故选 Do.可用词义辨析法解答本题。everybody “所有人”； anybody “任何人”;nobody ”没有人;somebody ”某 人”。根据答语可知，问句的意思是“关于这个案 子你问过所有人了吗？ 。故选A。6 .可用词义辨析法解答本题。come true “实现”； come out ”出版;发行；开花”;come up “发芽”; come down “下降”。结合句意“我们的中国梦就会实 现”可知选A。知能演练速提升4. Ia funnystory to cheer that sickB. made upD.pointed at-You reA. byC

22、.of6. -May Iwelcome.-. Butafternoon.A.No problemC. I hope notyouhave to return it thisA. in generalC. in common9.Linda plays aA. ruleC. gameI* 11 take their20 and I will go to the eastcoast by bus.11.A. askedB. toldC.spoke1）. said12.A. busB. trainC. planeD. bike13.A. biggestB.smallestC. longestD.fas

23、test14.A. anythingB.nothingC.everythingD.something15.A.cheapB. largeC. interestingD. friendly16.A.becauseB. ifC.whenD.thoughI.单项选择1. The supermarket is too because there are so many people in it.A.expensiveB. cheapC. crowdedD. much2.I dont think can pass the coming exam. For example, Tom. He never s

24、tudies.A.everybodyB. somebodyC.nobodyD. anybody3. Breakfast is meal of the day. It provides （提供）us with energy after a long night without food.A. importantB. more importantC. the most important I）, very importantboy up.A.brought outC.felt likeB. onI）. For borrow your dictionary , Sandy ?B. T m sorry

25、D. r m not sureFarmers have become in our hometown in recent years.A. more and more rich B. richer and richerC. more rich and more rich I）, richer and more richer8.We happened to discover we had a friend.7. in styleD. in shape in this film.8. roleI）, rushBill, this is your brother* s key. Pleaseithi

26、m.A. show;toB. buy;forC. give;toD.make;forn.完形填空My vacation is coining. Yesterday I 11 my American friends about the best way to travel in the United States. They said it was best to go by 12 and gave me the reasons.To travel by plane, of course, is the 13 way. However, one can see 14 during the tri

27、p except （除了）the blue sky and the white clouds. So i t i s not very 15 for one who wants to see the country. What, s more, to travel by plane is very expensive.To travel by train is relaxing 16 passengers can walk and buy food and drink on a train. They can also see cities and the country through th

28、e window. But trains dont 1 eave or 17 at a place every day, and don t go to many places.To travel by bus is easy, cheap and convenient （便利的），though not so fast as to travel by plane or so 18 as by train. You can find buses almost in every city, big or small. That 19 travel arrangements（安排）easy.17.A

29、. waitB. arriveC. passD. meet18.A fortableB. boringC. tiringD. difficult19.A.takesB. givesC. sendsD. makes20.A. questionB. problemC. advice1). resultIII.阅读理解 Dear Nancy,You asked about places to go and things to do in my town. Let me tell you now.Downtown Plaza is a lot of fun. Its a shopping area i

30、n the oldest part of my town. There are some good stores and restaurants there. For example, Andreas Boutique is in Downtown Plaza. Its a fun place to shop, and it has the best clothes.My favorite restaurant in town is Nicks Cafe. It is near my house. 11* s cheap and i ts hamburgers are great. I lik

31、e Dragon City Restaurant, too. You can eat wonderful noodles there and the beef noodles are the most delicious! You must try the dumplings, too! But the dump!ings are more expensive than Nick* s.Suburb Cinema is the best movie theater. It has the biggest screens and the most comfortable seats. Del R

32、ay Complex is a good place to go, too. It doesn, t have the newest movies , but the tickets are cheaper.Anyway, there are lots of things to do and see here. Come for a visit soon!Kate 根据短文内容，回答下列问题。21. What did Nancy want to know from Kate?24. Where wi11 you go i f you want to eat beef noodles?25. W

33、hat are Suburb Cinema and Del Ray Complex like?IV.用所给词的适当形式填空Of al 1 the boys Tom did (badly).26. I like lying on the beach (comfortable).27. He is the (win)of the game.28. We should work out the problem (serious).29. Mr. Wang bought the house very (cheap).V.书面表达22. What is Downtown Plaza?23. What k

34、ind of food can Nancy eat in town?Unit 4知能演练-速提升假如你是Mike,你家附近有三家鞋店，请根据 下面表格中的信息对这三家鞋店做简单的对比、介绍。不少于80词。NamesQuality (质量)ServicePricesFunkyShoe Storebestfriendlymost expensiveFamilyShoe StoregoodfriendliestcheaperSpringShoe Storeworstworstcheapest1. c考查形容词辨析。由句中的“so many people in it”可知超市非常拥挤，故选C。2. A

35、考查代词辨析。句意:我认为并不是每个人 都能通过即将到来的考试。比如汤姆，他从来 不学习。everybody ”每人；人人”，前有not 时为部分否定。故选A。3. C考杳形容词最高级。句意：早餐是一天中最 重要的一顿饭。它能在我们一整夜没有进食之 后提供给我们能量。根据比较的范围of the day 可知用形容词的最高级。4. B考查短语动词辨析。句意：我编造了一个有 趣的故事使那个生病的男孩振作起来。bring out“使显现”:make up“编造；feel like“想”: point at “指着”。根据句意可知选B。5. D考查介词辨析。句意：一谢谢来参加脱口 秀。一不客气。tha

36、nks for （doing） sth.意为 “因（做）某事而感谢。故选I）。6. A考查交际用语。句意：一一桑迪，我能借用你 的字典吗？ 一一没问题。但是你必须今天下午 归还。no problem 没有问题；Im sorry ”对 不起“；I hope not 希望不是如此；Im not sure “我不确定”。故选A。7. B考查形容词比较级。”比较级十and+比较 级”表示“越来越”C考查短语辨析。句意：我们碰巧发现我们有 个共同的朋友。in general”一般来说；in style时髦的；in common共同的;in shape” 在外形上”。故选C。8. B考查固定搭配。句意：琳

37、达在这部电影中扮 演一个角色。play a role in.在中扮演角色；rule “规则”；角色；game ”游戏； 运动；比赛；rush “冲;仓促”。根据句意可 知选B。9. C考查固定搭配。give sth. to sb.意为“把某 物给某人“。10. A ask sb. about sth.意为“询问某人关于某事”。11. A由文章的结尾可知作者认为乘公共汽车是 最好的方式，故此处应为朋友们建议乘公共 汽车。12. D由常识可知乘飞机是最快的交通方式。13. B由下文可知乘飞机除了蓝天和白云之外什 么也看不到。14. C由上文可知作者认为乘飞机没意思。15. A由前后两部分存在因果关

38、系可知答案为A。16. B arrive at “到达”,其后跟地点名词。17. A虽然不像乘飞机那样快，也不像乘火车那样 “舒适comfortable 舒适的”,符合句意。18. D “make十名词十形容词”表示“使怎么 样”。19. C take ones advice ”接受某人的建议”。20. She wanted to know some places to go and things to do in Kate* s town.21. It is a shopping area in the oldest part of Kate, s town.22. She can eat

39、hamburgers, noodles, dumplings and so on.23. Dragon City Restaurant.24. Suburb Cinema has the biggest screens and the most comfortable seats. Del Ray Complex doesnt have the newest movies, but the tickets are cheaper.25. worst 27 fortably 28. winner 29. seriously 30.cheaply书面表达One possible version:T

40、here are three shoe stores near my home. They are Funky Shoe Store, Family Shoe Store and Spring Shoe Store. Funky Shoe Store has the best shoes. And it has friendly service. But the shoes there arc the most expensive. I like Family Shoe Store best, because it has better shoes than Spring Shoe Store. It has the friendliest service. And the shoes there are cheaper than Funky Shoe Store, s. As for Spring Shoe Store, I don* t like it at al 1. I think itf s the worst store, because it has the worst shoes and service, though the shoes there are the cheapest of the three.