专题15-非谓语动词-备战2023年中考英语一轮复习语法专项练（通用版）02（解析版）.docx

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1、专题15.非谓语动词备战2023年中考英语一轮复习语法专项练（通用版）一、单项选择1. He decided during the golden week in May because of the COVID-19pandemic （新冠流行病）.A. to not travel B. not to travel C. not travelling D. travelling【答案】B【详解】句意：由于COVID-19大流行，他决定不在5月的“黄金周”旅行。考查非谓语动词。decide （not） to do sth”决定（不）做某事”,固定短语,故选B。2. Many citizens l

2、ook forward to as volunteers during the period of the epidemic（传染病）.A. serveB. servesC. servingD. served【答案】C【详解】句意：在疫情期间，很多市民盼望作为志愿者去做服务。考查非谓语动词。serve服务。look forward to doing”意为“盼望做某事，介词to后接动 名词。故选C。3. Mr White was so busy in his office that he wasnt able to go to a movie with hisson.A. workB. to w

3、orkC. workingD. worked【答案】C【详解】句意：怀特先生在办公室里忙得不可开交，以至于没能和儿子一起去看电影。 考查非谓语动词。固定短语be busy doing sth ”忙于做某事。故选C。4. Old Eddie told his son a record of how much he spent.A. keepB. keepingC. keptD. to keep【答案】D【详解】句意：老埃迪叫他儿子把他花了多少钱记下来。考查非谓语。tell sb to do sth”告 诉某人做某事“，空处用不定式形式作宾补，故选D.5. Kung fu is a traditi

4、onal Chinese martial art （hat focuses on both the balance andthe strength.45. The windows were so high that we couldnt reach them from the outside.（保持句意基本 不变）The windows were high for us reach from the outside.【答案】too to【详解】句意：窗户很高，我们从外面够不着。也就是说“窗户太高，而不能从外面够 着“。固定句型 too adj. （for sb.） to do sth.“太而不

5、能故填 too； to46. Jane wonders how she can buy some vegetables online during the special days.（改为简 单句）Jane wonders buy some vegetables online during the special days.【答案】 how to【详解】句意：Jane想知道如何在这特殊的日子里在网上买些蔬菜。原句是how引 导的宾语从句，改写后的句子用how+动词不定式作宾语。故填how； to。47. People named this kind of food after a man ca

6、lled Sandwich.（就划线部分提问）did people name this kind of food after?【答案】 Which man【详解】句意：人们用一个叫三明治的人来命名这种食物。（人们是用谁的名字来给这 种食物命名的？）called Sandwich是过去分词做man的后置定语;原句对called Sandwich 划线，是问哪个人，需用which man提问；句首单词的首字母需大写，根据句意结构， 可知填 Which; mano48. The teacher asked us Dont nin in the hallways.（改为同义句）The teacher

7、asked us run in the hallways.【答案】 not to【详解】句意：老师要求我们“不要在走廊里跑。ask sb. noi to do sth.要求某人不要做某 事。此处用noi to表示否定，与原句意义相同。故填noi： io。49. Our teacher asked David to solve the maths problem himself.（保持句意基本不变）Our teacher asked David to the maths problem himself.【答案】 work out【详解】句意：我们老师让大卫自己解这道数学题。对照原句可知，空处应填

8、solve的 同义词，可用work out表示“解决”，io后跟动词原形。故填work； out。50. Wear masks in public places so （hat you can protect yoursehes.（改为简单句）Wear masks in public places yourselves.【答案】 to protect【详解】句意：在公共场所戴口罩，以便保护自己。sothat”引导的目的状语从句可替 换为动词不定式作目的状语，戴口果是为了保护自己，用I。protect。故填to； protecto 51. He played basketball for hal

9、f an hour after he finished his homework.（改为简单句） He played basketball for half an hour his homework.【答案】after finishing【详解】句意：他做完作业后打了半个小时的篮球。原句用时间状语从句“after he finished his homework ”来表示“他做完作业后”，还可以用“介词+doing”形式，作时间状语来改为 简单句。故填 after finishing（,52. “Dont forget to close the windows before you leave

10、,v said Mr. Thompson to his son.（改 为间接引语）Mr. Thompson reminded his son to close the windows before【答案】 his leaving【详解】句意：”离开前别忘了关上窗户，”汤普森先生对儿子说。原句是宜接引语，变 成间接引语应该表示“在他离开之前“，此处是动名词的复合结构，由“形容词性物主代 词+动名词”构成,此处应表示为his leaving,故填h名leavingo53. I dont know how I can write well.（改为同义句）I dont know write well.

11、【答案】 how to【详解】句意：我不知道怎样才能写得好。此处可以把how引导的宾语从句简化为“特 殊疑问词+to do不定式”的结构，故填how； too54. She has no idea where she can go for a trip this summer holiday.（改为简单句）She has no idea go for a trip this summer holiday.【答案】 where to【详解】句意：她不知道这个假期她去哪里旅游。宾语从句的简化：特殊疑问词+lo+do, 原句特殊疑问词where,后面加to。故填where； to。55. Do yo

12、u know where I can get money? （改为同义句）Do you know get money?【答案】where to【详解】句意：你知道我在哪里能挣钱吗？ where I can get money可替换为“疑问伺+不 定式“where to get money 表示。故填 where； too56. Peter was telling his grandmother how she could turn on the air-conditioner.（保持句意不变）Peter was telling his grandmother tum on the air-co

13、nditioner.【答案】how to【详解】句意：彼得正在告诉他的祖母如何打开空调。原句是用疑问词how作连接词 的宾语从句，转换成简单句常常用“疑问词+动词不定式t。do”句型，故填how； t。57. Suzy noticed that they were entering her house through the window.（改为简单句）Suzy noticed her house through the window.【答案】them entering【详解】句意：苏西注意到他们正从窗户进入她的房子。此处是notice+宾语从句的结 构，结合“noticed that the

14、r were entering”可知，可以转换成 notice sb doing slh”注意到某 人正在做某事”的结构，此处用现在分词作宾补，故填Ihem entering。58. Would you like to start a new hobby when you go to another country?（保持句意基本不 变）Would you like to a new hobby when you go （o another country?【答案】take up【详解】句意：当你去另一个国家时，你想开始一种新的爱好吗？ takeup开始从事，开 始一个爱好，动词短语，和sta

15、rt“开始”是同义的，在不定式符号to后面用动词原形。故 填 take up。59. Lets discuss when we shall go to the Sea World.（改为同义句）Lets discuss go to the Sea World.【答案】when to【详解】句意：让我们讨论一下什么时候去海洋世界。改为同义句时，when引导的宾 语从句，可改为“when+动词不定式”结构。结合“when we shall go to the Sea World”可知 此处用“when to go to the Sea World”。故填 when to。60. I work as

16、 a volunteer to help （he disabled alhletes achieve their dreams.（对划线部分提 问）you work as a volunteer.【答案】Why do【详解】句意：我担任一名志愿者是为了帮助残疾运动员实现他们的梦想。根据要求为 对划线部分提问，划线部分表示目的，因此，改为问句应该是“你为什么担当一名志愿 者”，应该使用特殊疑问词“why”，位于句首，首字母应该大写；原句为一般现在时且主 语为“you”，改为一般疑问句应该使用助动词“do”。故填Why do。A. trainingB. to trainingC. to train

17、D. train【答案】A【详解】句意：功夫是中国传统武术，注重平衡和力量的训练。考查非谓语。focus on doing sth“集中精力做某事”，on是介词,后接doing形式,故选A。6. Katie Peterson, a 16-year-old girl enjoys her own short videos on TikTok.A. makeB. to makeC. makingD. made【答案】C【详解】句意：16岁的女孩凯蒂彼得森喜欢在TikTok上制作自己的短片。考查非谓语 动词。固定短语enjoy doing sth“喜欢做某事”，动名词作宾语。故选C。7. The f

18、unny short play by the students in Class Two made us last week.A. laughB. to laughC. laughingD. laughed【答案】A【详解】句意：上个星期，二班学生的有趣的短剧让我们捧腹大笑。考查非谓语动词。 make sb. do sth.表示“让某人做某事”，因此空格处应填入省略to的动词不定式，即动词 原形。故选A。8. Im not in a hurry. I dont mind fbr you.A. waitB. wailingC. (o wailD. waited【答案】B【详解】句意：我不着急。我

19、不介意等你。考查非谓语动词。wait动词原形；waiting 动名词形式；to wait动词不定式；waited动词过去式。mind doing sth.“介意做某事”，固 定用法。故选B。9. The teacher praised Tom for his bravery yesterday and it made him all day.A. smileB. smilingC. to smileD. to smiling【答案】A【详解】句意：昨天老师表扬了汤姆的勇敢，这让他笑了一整天。考查非谓语动词。根 据“The teacher praised Tom for his bravery

20、yesterday可知，此处是这让他笑 了一整天。短 语make sb. do sth.“使某人做某事。smile笑”,是动词。故选A。10. As a little boy, Garys drcam is into space by spaceship.A. travelB. to travelC. travelledD. travels【答案】B【详解】句意：小时候，加里的梦想是乘坐宇宙飞船去太空。考查非谓语动词。travel动词原形；to travel动词不定式：travelled过去式或过去分词；travels 一般现在时的第三人称单数。空格处作is的表语，应用动词不定式t。ravel

21、,表示未发生的动作。其他 都是谓语动词。故选B。11. The high school invited a famous scientist a talk on World Earth Day.A. givingB. to giveC. giveD. given【答案】B【详解】句意：这所高中邀请了一位著名的科学家在世界地球日发表演讲。考查非谓语。 结合invited a famous scientist”可知,此处是invite sb to do sth”邀请某人做某事”,空处 用不定式作宾补，故选B。12. The little boy jumped up and down happily

22、 when he heard a bird in the tree.A. singB. singingC. to singD. sings【答案】B【详解】句意：当小男孩听到鸟儿在树上唱歌时，他高兴地跳上跳入考查非谓语动 词。根据The little boy jumped up and down happily when he heard a bird.in the tree.“可知, 当听到鸟儿唱歌的时候，开心地跳上跳下，强调动作正在发生，hear.doing sth”听见 正在做某事“，故选B。13. Our teacher often tells us across the road w

23、hen the traffic light is red.A. goB. goingC. dont goD. not to go【答案】D【详解】句意：我们的老师经常告诉我们当交通灯是红色的时候不要过q路。考查非谓 语动词。ten sb (not) to do sth告诉某人(不)要做某事”,固定短语;此处指“告诉我们 红灯时不要过马路故选D。14. The Olympic spirit encourages players from around the world fighting andnever give up.A. keepB. keepsC. keepingD. to keep【答

24、案】D【详解】句意：奥林匹克精神鼓励来自世界各地的运动员继续奋斗，永不放弃。考查非 谓语。keep动词原形；keeps动词三单形式；keeping现在分词；to keep不定式。encourage sb. tod。sth“鼓励某人做某事”，故选D。15. Why are you so excited ?Peter invited me on a trip to Nanshan Mountain.A. goB. to goC. goingD. went【详解】句意:一你为什么这么兴奋？ 彼得邀请我去南山旅行。考查非谓语动词。 invite sb to do sth为固定搭配，意为“邀请某人做某事

25、”，因此选to go。故选B。16. Amy, donU forget your mask （口 罩）when you go out.Dont worry, mom. I will.A. wearB. wearsC. to wearD. wearing【答案】C【详解】句意：一艾米，出去的时候别忘了戴口罩。别担心，妈妈。我会的。考 查非谓语动词。forget to do sth“忘记去做某事；forget doing sth“忘记做过某事”。根据 “don* forget.your mask （口罩）when you go out”可知,提醒不要忘记戴口罩,故选 C。 17. 一What ar

26、e you going to do tomorrow, Joe?一Ive no idea. I have my car tomorrow. You see, its really dirty.A. must; washing B. must; washed C. may; washed D. may; washes【答案】C【详解】句意：一Joe,明天你要去做什么？我不知道。明天我可能让别人帮我 洗车。你看，它真地很脏。考查情态动词和非谓语动词。must必须；may可能；wash 洗,根据Ive no idea”可知,此处指明天可能做的事，排除A和B, have sih done”让某 事物被

27、做“，排除D,故选C。18. the earthquake in Southwest Chinas Sichuan province at 5:00 pm on June 1st, 2022, many people were shocked at the news.A. To hearB. HearC. HearingD. Heard【答案】C【详解】句意：听到中国西南部的四川省在2022年6月1日凌晨五点发生地震，人们 对这个新闻很震惊。考查非谓语动词。主句中已经有谓语动词“were shocked al，hear 在本句中为非谓语动词，主语“many people”和“hear”之间是主

28、动关系，用现在分词 hearing作状语。故选C。19. Nancy didnt know anyone in the new school, so she decided to join an after-school club some new friends.A. to meetB. meetC. metD. meets【答案】A【详解】句意：南希不知道新学校的任何人，因此她决定参加课后俱乐部去交一些新朋 友。考杳非谓语动词。根据some new friends”可知，用动词不定式表达目的是“为了交 新朋友”,用“to meet”。故选A。20. Mr. Chen, my kid is

29、sleeping. Would you mind your radio?一Sorry. Til do it at once.A. turning down B. turn downC. turning upD. turn up【答案】A【详解】句意：陈先生，我的孩子在睡觉。你介意调低你收音机的音量吗？抱 歉，我立刻做。考查非谓语及动词短语。turn down调低（音量）；turnup调高（音量）。 根据my kid is sleeping”可知要调低音量，排除C、D； mind doing sth表示“介意做某事”， 即mind后用动名词作宾语，故选A。21. Do you know ther

30、e are more than 3,000 languages in the world?Sorry, I have no idea.A. speakingB. spokenC. speakD. spoke【答案】B【详解】句意：你知道世界上有3000多种语言吗？ 抱歉，我不知道。考杳非 谓语动词。languages与动词speak之间是被动关系，故此空应填过去分词作定语，故选 BoI will never forget him for the first time. He was giving a speech （hen.A. meetB. metC. meetingD. to meet【答

31、案】C【详解】句意：我不会忘记第一次见到他的情景。他那时在演讲。考杳非谓语动词。表 达“忘记做过某事“用“fbrget doing。“forget to do”表达“忘记要做某事根据He was giving a speech then”可知，是描述忘记了已经做过的事情，用动名词“meeting”作宾语。 故选C。22. 一Jimmy, you must be thirsty. What would you like?一Some tea, please.A. drinkB. drinkingC. drunkD. to drink【答案】D【详解】句意：吉米，你一定渴了。请问你想喝点什么？一喝点

32、茶。考查非谓 语动词。drink动词原形;drinking动名词;drunk过去式;to drink不定式。根据“What would you like.”可知，would like to do sth.意为“想要做某事”,固定用法。故选D。23. When your stomach is empty and your mind is full, Vs hard.A. sleepB. sleepingC. （o sleepD. to sleeping【详解】句意：当你的胃是空的，你的思想是充分的，你很难入睡。考查非谓语动词。 根据itshard.”可知，it is+形容词+t。do sth.”

33、做某事是怎样的“，不定式作句子主语，故 选C。24. The Science Museum allows people the exhibitions.A. touchingB. touchedC. to touchD. touch【答案】C【详解】句意：科学博物馆允许人们触摸展览品。考查非谓语动词。allow sb. to do sth.”允 许某人干某事“，固定用法，动词不定式作宾语补足语。故选C。25. Children in our school are busy new skills through team work.A. learnB. to learnC. learningD.

34、 to learning【答案】C【详解】句意：我们学校的孩子们正忙着通过团队合作学习新技能。考查非谓语动词。 根据“busy”可知此处考查be busy doing“忙于做某事”，动名词作宾语，故选C。26. Betty suggested a tea party in the garden to celebrate Janes birthday.A. holdB. to holdC. holdingD. held【答案】C【详解】句意：贝蒂建议在花园里举行次茶会来庆祝简的生日。考查动词用法。由 “suggested”可知，此处考查suggest doing建议做某事”，动名词作宾语。故选C

35、。27. She heard the rabbitOh dear”.A. sayB. to sayC. saidD. says【答案】A【详解】句意：她听到一只兔子说“哦，亲爱的考查非谓语的动词。根据hear sb. do sth.“听见某人做某事”，指动作经常发生或动作已完成；hear sb. doing slh “听见某人正在 做某事“，指动作正在发生。根据She heard Ihe rabbit”可知，动作已完成，应用不带2 的不定式作宾补。故选A。28. The special effects make the film wonderful.A. seemB. seemsC. seem

36、edD. to seem【答案】A【详解】句意：特效使这部电影看起来很精彩。考查非谓语动词。makesb/sthdo”使某 人/某物做”，省略I。的不定式作宾补，seem“好像，似乎”，是系动词，不能用过去 分词表被动。故选A。29. I didnt sleep well last night because the baby next door kept the whole night.A. cryB. criedC. cryingD. to cry【答案】C【详解】句意：我昨晚睡不好，因为隔壁的孩子整晚都在哭。考查非渭语动词。根据“I didnt sleep well last nighl

37、”可知，此处是因为隔壁的孩子整晚都在哭，短语ke印doing sth.“一直做某事”，cry“哭”，是动词，此处用动名词，故选C。二、改写句子It took her two hours to make this birthday cake.（改为同义句）She two hours this birthday cake.【答案】spent making【详解】原句使用句型illakessb.+时间Hodoslh.,意为“某人做某事花费多长时间”, 其同义句可换为sb. spend+时间+doingsth.,意为“某人花费多长时间做某事根据原句 took用一般过去时，可知spend也用一般过去时s

38、pent； make的动名词形式为making, 故答案为 spent; makingoIt usually takes Peter two hours to play the guitar at weekends.（保持原句意思不变）Peter usually two hours the guitar at weekends.【答案】 spends playing【详解】句意：在周末，彼得通常要花两个小时弹吉他。此句是一般现在时态的固定句 型，保持原句意思不变，此空缺少谓语动词，结合句意可知，此空是“花费”和“弹”的意 思，根据主语Peter是第三人称单数，和固定用法spend .doing

39、 sth可知，故答案为spends playing oIts good for your health to take exercise often.（改写句子，句意不变） exercise often can make you.【答案】 Taking healthy【详解】句意：经常锻炼对你的健康有好处。his+adj. forsb./sih.iodosth.句型中iodo 不定式作真正的主语，如果放于句首作主语，需要用到动词的动名词形式：即taking exercise作主语。make sb.+adj.意为“让某人”，形容词作宾语补足语,health是名词,healthy是其形容词形式。故

40、填Taking； healthy o30. My father often teaches me how I can solve different problems properly.（改为简单句） My father often leaches me solve different problems properly.【详解】句意：我的父亲经常教我如何正确地解决不同的问题。原句是how引导的宾 语从句，改写后的句子用how+动词不定式作宾语，故填how； 10。31. The old lady is wondering how she can check in at the airport

41、.（改为简单句）The old lady is wondering check in at the airport.【答案】 how to【详解】句意：那位老太太想知道如何在机场办理登机手续。how引导的宾语从句可以 改为简单句“how+动词不定式”，动词不定式作宾语。故填how： to。32. Mr Jiang advised us which we should choose as our after-school activities.（改为简单句）Mr Jiang advised us which as our after-school activities.【答案】 to choos

42、e【详解】句意：姜先生建议我们应该选择哪些作为我们的课余活动。句子是宾语从句， 变为简单句时，可把宾语从句改为“疑问词+to do”，choose“选择”。故填to； choose。33. James didnt know how he could deal with the problem.（保持句意基本不变）Janies didnt know solve the problem.【答案】how to【详解】句意：詹姆斯不知道他如何解决这个问题。原句用宾语从句“how he could deal with the problem”表示“他如何解决这个问题”之意，此处可以同义转换为“疑问词ho

43、w+ 动词不定式”的简单句结构。故填how tooThis warning sign tells us not to pick flowers.（保持句意基本不变）This warning sign says,flowers【答案】 Dont#No pick#picking【详解】句意：这个警告标志告诉我们不要摘花。原句中not to pick结构可以用一个否 定的祈使句表示，构成直接引语，即“Dorft+动词原形”或“No doing”，pick的ing结构为 picking0 故填 Don*t/No； pick/picking0When you cross the street with

44、heavy traffic, you should be very careful.When the street with heavy traffic, you should be very careful.【答案】crossing【详解】句意：当你穿过交通拥挤的街道时，你应该非常小心。本句省略主语you和 be动词，动词和主语之间是主动关系，所以用现在分词形式。故填crossing。34. Teenagers who study in foreign countries may get a surprise when they have the first class.（改写句子，句意不变

45、）Teenagers studying may find something when （hey have the firstclass.【答案】 abroad surprising【详解】句意：在国外学习的青少年在.上第堂课时可能会感到惊奇。根据句意可知， 空格1在现在分词后面，判断填副词；in foreign countries=abroad在国外，副词；空格2 在复合不定代词后面，判断填形容词;get a surprise感到惊奇=find something surprising 发现一些令人惊奇的事；故答案为abroad； surprising。35. Jane doesnt kno

46、w what she should say at the party.（改为简单句）Jane doesnt know say at the party.【答案】 what to【详解】句意:简不知道她该在聚会上说些什么。原句“know”后面是whal引导的宾语 从句，且主从句主语指同一个人，改为简单句时，可用“疑问句+动词不定式”结构，原 句疑问词what直接用到改写的句子中，再加上不定式符号2。故填what； to。36. Please tell me where wc can put our mobile phones.（改为同义句）Please tell me put our mobil

47、e phones.【答案】 where to【详解】句意：请告诉我我们可以把手机放在哪里。where引导的宾语从句，可用“where+ 不定式”进行替换,故填where； to。37. President Xi Jinping asks every Chinese to continue working hard for happy lives.（ 改为 同义句）President Xi Jinping asks every Chinese to working hard for happy lives.【答案】 keep#go on【详解】句意：习近平主席呼吁每一个中国人继续为幸福生活而奋斗

48、。continue doing sth=keep/go on doing sth 表示“继续做某事”,ask sb to do sth”让某人做某事”,故填 keep/go；OlioIf you want to become thinner, youd better eat less before you go to bed.（改为同义句） If you want to weight, youd better eat less before to bed.【答案】lose going【详解】句意：如果你想变得更瘦，你最好在睡觉前少吃点。根据“want t。do sth.”可知， 第一空用动词原形：结合固定搭配“减肥：lose weight”提示，因此lose符合句意；再者 根据before doing sth.”可知，此空需要动名词形式，因此going符合句意。故填lose； goingo