外教社新世纪高等院校英语专业本科生系列（修订版）：综合教程（第3版） 第1册 Unit 11Lecture Notes.docx

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1、Unit 11 Love at First ByteSection One Pre-reading ActivitiesL Lead-inActivity 1. Lead-inWatch the movie clip and answer the following questions.1. What does the video mainly about?A: The video shows statistics of marriages status in America, which indicates a high rate of divorce. It analyzes the re

2、asons of divorces and encourages people to find an ideal life mate through dating?2. What is the purpose of the statistics shown in the video?A: The statistics illustrates the marriage status of people in different ages in America, thus proves that it is urgency for the single adults to find their l

3、ife mate.3. Talk in pairs and talk about: what is online dating? What is online dating service? Give your own definitions.A: Online dating (or Internet dating) is a system that enables people to find and introduce themselves to new personal connections over the Internet, usually with the goal of dev

4、eloping personal, romantic, or sexual relationships.An online dating service is a company that provides specific mechanisms (generally websites or applications) for online dating through the use of Internet-connected personal computers or mobile devices. Such companies offer a wide variety of matchm

5、aking services, most of which are profile-based.ScriptAttention! America or the world has changed.Weve gone from being married with children to being held alone. Today forty nine percent of all households are headed by single. Compared to a time when seventy two percent of all households were headed

6、 by married couples, theres an astounding one hundred million pop singles in America today.We have more single adults than any other nation except India and China. Sixty one percent never been married; fourteen point one percent are widowed and twenty three point eight percent are divorced.We are ma

7、rried late and divorcing early. The average length of time before divorce is eight years. Forty one percent of first marriages end in divorce; sixty percent of second marriages end in divorce; seventy three percent of third marriages end in divorce. Number percent of forth marriages that end in divo

8、rce?Why bother? What does all this divorce mean for you America?The dating pool is GINO MICUS. So why are housewives getting the flock out of their homes?9. blow (sb.) a kiss: kiss ones hand and then pretend to blow the kiss (towards sb.) 送(某人)飞 吻blowing cyber kisses: offering swift kisses in cybers

9、pace or on the Internet rather than in the real world虚拟飞吻，网络飞吻10. rise to prominence: become famous / outstanding; moved to a higher attractive status e.g. She first came to prominence as an artist in 1989.她在1989年崭露头角，成为杰出的艺术家。11. broadband connectivity 宽带连接broadband n. signals that use a wide range

10、 of frequencies 宽频带； 宽波段 e.g. Telcos were struggling to make money from broadband services.电信公司那时正努力通过宽带业务赢利。connectivity n. the state of being connected or the degree to which two things are connected 连接e.g. Tourism economy is a sun-rising industry with higher connectivity and higher integration.旅游

11、经济是具有较高关联度和较强综合性的朝阳产业。12. dabble: to take part in a sport, an activity, etc. but not very seriously 涉猎； 涉足；浅尝 e.g. Never dabble with things of which you have no knowledge.绝不要插手你不 了解的事。 dabble in/at sth.: take part without serious intentionse.g. Lenovo is not the first Chinese enterprise to dabble in

12、 Fl racing.联想并非第一家涉足一级方程式锦标赛的中国企业。They dabble in the stock market. 他们少量投资于股市。SentencesOnce seen as the last resort for a bunch of lonely geeks, online-dating services have gradually shed much of the stigma formerly associated with them. (Paragraph 2)Explanation: In this sentence, lonely geeks“ refer

13、s to the unmarried men and women. Note the humor here: by using the phrase, the author seems to imply that being single is weird, especially during the period between New Years Day and Valentines Day.Paraphrase: Once regarded as the last way out for a group of lonely geeks, online-dating services ha

14、ve gradually got rid of much of the stigma formerly related to them.1. In countries and cultures in which arranged marriages are common, sites such as Indias Shaadi and Bharat Matrimony, which boast many millions of clients, are a big hit with young people who want them to influence how their marria

15、ge partners are chosen. (Paragraph 3)In some countries and cultures, such as Indias Shaadi and Bharat Matrimony, arranged marriages are quite a common phenomenon. However, online dating websites have been able to attract many millions of clients in these countries. They are very popular with youngst

16、ers who10want them to influence the way their marriage partners are chosen.2. One of these is that people now move around more often for work, distancing themselves from friends and family members who could play matchmakers. (Paragraph 4)Paraphrase: One of the trends is that nowadays people change t

17、heir residences more often for work, and have fewer chances to be introduced to potential partners by friends and family members living far away from them.distance sb. from sb./sth.: to say that you are not involved with someone or something, especially to avoid being connected with them.e.g. That s

18、tupid quarrel has distanced us.那场无谓的争吵使我们疏远了。Voters have been distanced from the party by adverse publicity. 选民受到反面宣传的影响，对这个政党冷淡了。3. The spread of fast broadband connectivity in many countries has also encouraged people to dabble in online dating. (Paragraph 4)Paraphrase: As online dating provides p

19、eople with a high-speed communications network, it has also given people courage and confidence to get involved in online dating.broadband: a system of connecting computers to the Internet and moving information, such as messages or pictures, at a very high speed 宽带Paragraphs 5-8Questions:1. What is

20、 the function of the first sentence- Yet while looking for love onlinein Paragraph 5?A: It is a transitional sentence that signals a shift from the prosperity of online-dating services in the preceding paragraphs to a discussion of the drawbacks of those services.2. What example is given to show tha

21、t online dating sites claims of matchmaking prowess are often greatly overblown?A: Television ads show starry-eyed couples boasting about how they found their perfect match online, but actually such outcomes are hardly typical.3. Why do some critics claim that some online-dating services deliberatel

22、y promote infidelity?A: Because they match people seeking partners for extramarital affairs.4. How do digital-dating services change societys conception of relationships and marriage for the worse?A: By encouraging people to view partners as commodities that can simply be traded in for better versio

23、ns at the click of a computer mouse.Words and Expressionscontroversy n. public discussion or argument, often rather angry, about sth. which many people disagree withe.g.: The appointment of the new director aroused a lot of controversy. 新主任的任命引起了激烈的争论。Derivation:111) controvert v. deny the truth of

24、(sth.); argue aboute.g. a fact that cannot be controverted 无可争辩的事实2) controversial adj. causing a lot of disagreement, because many people have strong opinions about the subject being discussede.g. Immigration is a controversial issue in many countries.在很多国家，移民都是一个颇有争议的问题。Synonyms:argument, dispute,

25、 quarrel.13. prowess n. great skill at doing somethinge.g. He was famous for his prowess as an athlete.他是技艺超群的运发动，人气很高。The best and the brightest pupils competed to demonstrate their intellectual prowess.最出色、最聪明的学生竞相展示他们的才智。Collocations:naval prowess 海军实力military prowess 军事威力physical prowess体魄，身体力量m

26、anufacturing prowess 制造能力14. starry-eyed couples充满幻想的情侣starry-eyed: adj. full of emotion, hopes or dreams about sb./sth. in a way that is not realistic 天 真的；空想的；过分乐观的e.g. Hes completely starry-eyed about his new girl-friend.他对新女友充满了美好的幻想。15. take robust enough action 采取强有力的措施robust: adj. strong and

27、not likely to fail or become weak 强劲的；富有活力的e.g. robust economic growth 强劲的经济增长He replied in characteristically robust style.像以往一样，他的回答铿锵有力。Synonyms:Vigorous, strongsubsequently adv. afterwards; later; after sth. else has happenede.g. Subsequently the arrangement was terminated.后来这个计划被终止了。The data ca

28、n subsequently be loaded on a computer for processing.接下来可将数据载入计算机处理。Synonyms:after, afterwards, later,later onDerivation:Subsequent adj. (formal) happening after sth. elsee.g. Subsequent to its success as a play, it was made into a film.该剧在舞台上获得成功后，又拍成了电影。12The first and all subsequent visits were

29、kept secret.第一次以及随后的访问均严格保密。16. bogus adj. not true or real, although someone is trying to make you think it ise.g. He said these figures were bogus and totally inaccurate.他说这些数字都是捏造的，完全不准确。Collocations:bogus company 皮包公司bogus transaction 虚假交易Synonyms:bastard, fakeprey v. to harm sb. who is weaker t

30、han you, or make use of them in a dishonest way to get what you want欺凌，坑骗，敲诈(弱者)e.g. Bogus social workers have been preying on old people living alone.冒牌的社会福利工作人员不断坑害独居老人。Collocation:prey on/upon sb./sth.e.g. The survey claims loan companies prey on weak families already in debt.这项调查声称，信贷公司专对那些已经负债的

31、弱势家庭下手。17. deliberately adv. done in a way that was planned, not by chance.e.g. It looks as if the blaze was started deliberately.看起来似乎有人蓄意纵火。Synonyms:intentionally, on purposeDerivation:deliberate adj.1) If you do something that is deliberate, you planned or decided to do it beforehand, and so it h

32、appens on purpose rather than by chance.e.g. It has a deliberate policy to introduce world art to Britain.它制定政策，有意识地将 世界艺术介绍给英国。2) If a movement or action is deliberate, it is done slowly and carefully.e.g. His movements were gentle and deliberate. 他举止文雅而沉着。3) If you deliberate, you think about some

33、thing carefully, especially before making a very important decision.e.g. She deliberated over the decision for a long time before she made up her mind.她慎重考虑了好久，才下定决心作出这一决定。Collocation:deliberate on/about/over sth.: think or talk carefullye.g.: We had no time to deliberate (on the problem).我们没有时间仔细思考

34、(这个问题)provoke v.1) to cause a particular reaction or have a particular effecte.g. His election success has provoked a shocked reaction.13 他成功中选，人们感到难以置信。The article provoked a storm of criticism.这篇文章激起一片批评之声。2) to say or do something that you know will annoy sb. so that they react in an angry way e.

35、g. Be careful what you say-hes easily provoked.你说话小心点，他很容易生气。Collocation:provoke sb. into doing sth./to do sth.: cause sb. to react to sth. esp. by making him angry e.g.: His behavior finally provoked her into leaving him.他把她气得终于离他而去。18. backlash n. a strong and adverse reaction by many people, espe

36、cially to a social or political developmente.g. The government is facing an angry backlash from voters over the new tax.政府正面临选民对新税项的强烈反对。Collocation:backlash againste.g.: The 1970s saw the first backlash against the emerging womens movement.Sentences:1. Mark Thompson. believes that television ads sh

37、owing starry-eyed couples boasting about how they found their perfect match online should carry warnings that such outcomes are hardly typical. (Paragraph 5)Paraphrase: Mark Thompson. holds the view that television ads showing excessively optimistic couples boasting about how they found their ideal

38、partners online should carry warnings that such results are seldom common or usual.starry-eyed: adj. (informal) full of emotion, hopes or dreams about sb./sth. in a way that is not realistice.g.: a starry-eyed reformer 过分乐观的改革者starry-eyed idealism不切实际的理想主义starry-eyed notion异想天开的想法starry-eyed couples

39、: couples who are naively enthusiastic or idealistic, failing to recognize the reality of their situation; couples who are excessively hopeful about things in a way that is silly2. Dating sites have also been accused of failing to take robust enough action to protect vulnerable users from fraudsters

40、 and sexual predators. (Paragraph 6)Paraphrase: Dating sites have also been criticized for not taking measures powerful enough to protect defenseless users from been cheated and sexual criminals.robust： adj. having or showing vigor, strength, or firmnesse.g.: a robust debate 辩论激烈a robust faith信念坚定a

41、robust action 措施强硬And there have been instances of rapists using dating sites to prey on women. (Paragraph 6)14Paraphrase: And once there happened that some rapists made use of online dating sites to cheat and harm women.Note the difference of “prey and pray”:prey: 1) v. to commit violence or robber

42、y or fraude.g. The villagers were preyed on by bandits from the hills.村民们受到山里强盗抢劫。2) n. person who is exploited or harmed by anothere.g. This burglar thought old people are easy prey.这个夜贼觉得老人容易下手。prey on sb.: If someone preys on other people, especially people who are unable to protect themselves, t

43、hey take advantage of them or harm them in some way.e.g. Pam had never learned that there were men who preyed on young runaways.帕姆从来不知道有人专门坑骗离家出走的年轻人。pray: v. to speak to God, especially to give thanks or ask for helppray (to sb.) for sth.e.g. They prayed (to God) for an end to their sufferings/for

44、their sufferings to end. 他彳门为早日 结束苦难而祈祷。4. Outraged critics claim such services deliberately promote infidelity to further their commercial ambitions. (Paragraph 7)Paraphrase: Critics who are greatly offended and shocked assert that such services promote infidelity on purpose in order to realize the

45、ir ambition of making more profits.outraged: extremely shocked and angryinfidelity: the act of not being faithful to your wife, husband or partner, by having sex with sb elseParagraphs 9-11Questions:1. Why do dating executives retort that many of the criticisms leveled at the services are unfair?A:

46、Because in spite of its shortcomings the web still offers important advantages over more traditional routes of finding a mate.2. Can you point out the advantages of online-dating sites?A: Of course, I (we) can. For one thing, the sites can create large pools of potential partners that would be hard

47、to replicate in the real world. For another, they offer clients the sheer convenience of enabling them to trawl through hundreds of profiles without leaving their comfortable home. Still another, meeting someone via the web is also safer than trying to pick up a date at random in a bar. Also, online

48、 matchmakers claim that their record of producing successful unions is better than what critics have approved of. Moreover, dating sites have also adapted successfully to different cultures.3. What measures have the online dating agencies adopted to promote their popularity in India?A: They provide remarkably detailed lists of criteria, including religion, caste, income and education that allow people to make minute refinements to the description of their ideal soul-ate. Besides, services also let parents and relatives create profiles on others