名校卷 北京市昌平第一中学2021-2022学年高三年级上学期10月学情调研英语试卷(含解析).docx

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1、昌平一中高三年级2021-2022学年第一学期10月学情调研1 .本试卷共7页，共100分，考试时长90分钟。2 .请将条形码粘贴在答题卡相应位置处。3 .选择题必须作答在答题卡上。非选择题必须按照题号顺序在各题目的答题区域内作答，未 在对应的答题区域内作答或超出答题区域作答的均不得分。第一局部:知识运用（共两节，30分）第一节完形填空（共10小题：每题1.5分，共15分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的ABCD四个选项中，选出最正确选项，并在答题纸Eric Catalano fills in the blanks left empty by surgery or accidents.M

2、ark Bertram, 46, lost the tips of two fingers at work in 2018 when his hand was trapped in a fan belt. After countless 1 and physical therapy （物理疗法），Bertram decided to improve his condition by asking Ee Catalano, a tattoo artist, to create fingernail tattoos.Plastic surgery gave me no hope.” he says

3、. HSo I looked fbr other options/* The idea made everyone in the studio laugh-until they 2 the final result. The tattoos blend in rather than 3 My mood suddenly changed. Catalano 4 .Like magic, everything turned from 5 to wow?.When Catalano 6 a photo of the tattoos, a pair of fingernails that looked

4、 so 7 no one could believe their eyes. He had no idea the 8 would eventually be viewed by millions of people around the world.The wide-spread photo pushed Catalano,40, further into the world of paramedical tattooing. Now people with life-changing scars come to visit him. Using flesh-toned inks and a

5、 needle, Catalano 9 his customers A.checkups A. considered A. wear away A. recalls A. strange A. took view of themselves.While Catalano charges 100 per regular tattoos, he created paramedical tattoos fbr free 54.u10 it doesn*t make sense. Catalano says. But every time I see that emotion from my cust

6、omers, Im 100 percent sure this is something that I cant stop doing.”C. surgeriesC. deniedC. stand outC.announcesC.funnyC. copiedD. battlesD. witnessedD. go awayD. remindsD. curiousD. posted?. A. real B.B. adjustmentsB. confirmedB. come outB. arguesB. specialprintedthere were more of them than ever

7、before. Huckins asked Carson if she knew someone in Washington that could help prevent future spraying.Carson had been hearing about DDT since a Swiss chemist discovered it could be used to kill insects in 1939. To many people, DDT seemed like a miracle substance. Farmers were excited about saving t

8、heir crops from pests. Doctors and others were excited about saving peoples lives by killing disease-carrying insects. But to Carson. DDT appeared to be dangerous to all living creatures.The more Carson found out about DDT and other pesticides, the more she realized that she needed to help stop futu

9、re spraying. Carson decided to write a book about pesticides. She said, “There would be no future peace fbr me if I kept silent. She called her book Silent Spring.Carson had spent her life studying, observing, and writing about nature. She was a trained biologist and a talented writer who knew how t

10、o present scientific information in compelling stories. Before Silent Spring, she had written other books from the perspective of fish birds, islands and oceans. Carson knew that all things in nature exist in a delicately balanced ecosystem. In Silent Spring, Carson wrote that, although the ecosyste

11、m can adjust to changes, it needs time. Carson believed that people u the 1950s were using pesticides carelessly Nature didnt have time to adjust, wrote Carson, because so any pesticides had been used in such large quantities in such short tame. 25. Why did Huckins write a letter to Rachel Carson?A.

12、 To tell her some bad news.B. To turn to her fbr help.B. To advise her to write a book.D. To ask her some questions.26. Which of the effects the spraying of the mixture in Massachusetts had is right?A. It killed pests such as insects, weeds and rodents around Huckins1 home.B. It killed all of the mo

13、squitoes.C. There were more birds than ever beforeIt had bad effects on ecosystem.27. Who would not be happy with DDT?A. Gardeners.B. Farmers.C. Doctors.D. Biologists.28. Whatfs the best title of the passage?A. Rachel Carson*s research on natureB. Rachel Carson*s lifeC. Rachel Carson*s Silent Spring

14、D. DDTts bad effects on ecosystem【答案】25. B 26. D 27. D 28. C【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。介绍了美国生物学家Rachel Carson关注农药对环境的影响，写了寂静的春 天等书籍。【25题详解】细节理解题。根据第段中 u Huckins asked Carson if she knew someone in Washington that could help prevent future spraying.（ Huckins问Carson,她在华盛顿是否认识可以帮助防止未来喷洒的人）”可知，Huckins写信 给Rachel Ca

15、rson是为了求助。应选B。【26题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中 “DDT was supposedly harmless but the morning after the spraying. Huckins found several of her favorite birds dead outside her house. And the spraying did not even kill all of the mosquitoes, in fact that summer there were more of them than ever before.（ DDT 本来是无害的，但

16、在喷洒后的第二天早上。 Huckins发现她最喜欢的几只鸟死在她的房子外面。喷洒甚至没有杀死所有的蚊子，事实上，夏天的蚊子 比以往任何时候都多）”可知，在马萨诸塞州喷泗混合物对生态系统有不好的影响。应选D。【27题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段中 “They had used planes to spray a mixture of fuel oil and DDT （a pesticide, which can kill pests such as insects, weeds and rodents） all over the area around Huckins home.（他们用飞机将

17、燃油和 DDT （一种杀虫剂，可以杀死昆虫、杂草和啮齿动物等害虫）混合物喷洒在哈克金斯家周围的地区）”以及第二段中 u Farmers were excited about saving their crops from pests. Doctors and others were excited about saving peoples lives by killing disease-carrying insects. But to Carson. DDT appeared to be dangerous to all living creatures.（农民们对挽救庄稼免受虫害感到兴奋。

18、医生和其他人对通过杀死携带疾病的昆虫来拯救人们的生 命感到兴奋）”可推知，生物学家对DDT不满意。应选D。【28题详解】主旨大意题。根据倒数第二段 u The more Carson found out about DDT and other pesticides, the more she realized that she needed to help stop future spraying. Carson decided to write a book about pesticides. She said, “There would be no future peace for me

19、if I kept silent. She called her book Silent Spring.（ Carson 对 DDT 和其 他杀虫剂了解得越多，她就越意识到她需要帮助停止未来的喷洒。Carson决定写一本关于杀虫剂的书。 她说：“如果我保持沉默，就不会有未来的和平。”她把她的书命名为寂静的春天/结合介绍了美国 生物学家Rachel Carson关注农药对环境的影响，写了寂静的春天等书籍。可知，C选项“Rachel Carson的寂静的春天”最符合文章标题。应选C。第二节 供5小题:每题2分，共10分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最正确选项，选项中有两项

20、为多余 选项。Travelling is a very enjoyable experience as it provides an opportunity to see new things. 29 The following article discusses the advantages of traveling. Traveling gives you the opportunity to disconnect from your regular life. People all have crazy schedules, work and a family to take care

21、of, and traveling alone or with some friends can give you distance and perhaps even make you realize how important these people are to you. 30Another great benefit is the relaxation you get. 31 When you come back you feel energetic and you are happy to be back to your daily routine. 32 They will cre

22、ate a bond that nothing can erase no matter what happens to the friendship/relationship. You can create photo albums and when you feel nostalgic （对往事，怀恋的） you can experience the trips again by looking at your pictures.Ifs never been this cheap to travel. With increasing oil prices the cheap travel e

23、ra might be coming to an end.33With the Internet and all the new technology, you can plan your trip exactly the way you want it. You can choose your budget, the duration of the trip and what you want to do.A. Its nice to enjoy a stress-free time.B. As the saying goes, you never know what you have un

24、til you lose it.C. When traveling with friends or family it creates memories of a lifetime.D. Discovering different values and ways to get by in life is really interesting.E. Going on a trip means that you are most likely going to spend time outside.F. However, there are still many budget airlines f

25、ighting for your dollar right now.G. There are many benefits other than enjoying yourself that can be realized when you travel.【答案】29.G30. B 31. A 32. C 33. F【解析】【分析】本文是说明文。文章介绍了旅行对人们的好处。【29题详解】上文 uTravelling is a very enjoyable experience as it provides an opportunity to see new things.” 说明旅行是 种非常愉

26、快的经历，因为它提供了一个看到新事物的机会。再根据下文The following article discusses the advantages of traveling.可知，下面这篇文章讨论了旅行的好处。由此可知，G项There are many benefits other than enjoying yourself that can be realized when you travel.（当你旅行的时候，除了 享受自己，还有很多 好处可以实现）能够承上启下，符合题意。应选G。30题详解】上文 u People all have crazy schedules, work and

27、a family to take care of, and traveling alone or with some friends can give you distance and perhaps even make you realize how important these people are to you. ” 说明人们都有 疯狂的日程安排，工作和家庭需要照顾，单独旅行或和朋友一起旅行可以给你留出距离，甚至可能让你意 识到这些人对你有多重要。由此可知，B 项 As the saying goes, you never know what you have until you lo

28、se it.（俗话说，直到失去时才懂得拥有）符合语境。应选B。【31题详解】上文uAnother great benefit is the relaxation you get.说明旅行的另一个好处是你得到的放松。由此可知，A 项Ifs nice to enjoy a stress-free time.（享受没有压力的时光是很好的）正是放松带来的美好感觉，符合题意。 应选AoL32题详解】下文 “They will create a bond that nothing can erase no matter what happens to the fHendship/relationship.

29、 ” 说明 他们将创造一种没有什么可以抹去的友谊或关系。由此可知，C项When traveling with friends or family it creates memories of a lifetime.（当与朋友或家人旅行时，它创造了一生的记忆）中的memories of a lifetime对 应下文中的“没有什么可以抹去的友谊或关系”。应选C。【33题详解】上文 “With increasing oil prices the cheap travel era might be coming to an end.” 说明随着油价上涨，廉价旅 行时代可能结束。由此可知，此处讲的还是

30、廉价旅行的话题，与前面形成转折关系，故F项However, there are still many budget airlines fighting for your dollar right now.（但是，现在仍有许多廉价航空公司在努力争取 你）符合题意。应选F。【点睛】在七选五的解题过程中选项和上下文间的转折关系是重要线索，例如本篇第5题，根据上文 “With increasing oil prices the cheap travel era might be coming to an end.” 说明随着油价上涨,廉价旅行时 代可能结束。由此可知，此处讲的还是廉价旅行的话题，与前面

31、形成转折关系，故F项However, there are still many budget airlines fighting for your dollar right now.（但是，现在仍有许多廉价航空公司在努力争取你） 符合题意。应选F。三局部:书面表达（共两节，32分）第一节（共4小题:第40至41题每题2分，第42题3分第43题5分，共12分）阅读下面短文，根据短文内容在答题卡相应题号后的横线上写下相关信息。A calorie deficit（赤字， 缺乏）is a sate in which you bum more calories than you consume. As

32、one of the most popular approaches of losing weight, how does it work? For example, if you bum 2,000 calories per day but only eat 2000, you have created a deficit of 500 calories per day. There is mathematical certainty. But, this by no means tells whole story about how calories deficit affects our

33、 lives.Before wondering what a calorie deficit is, ifs probably best to learn what a caloric is. A calorie is a unit that we use to track our bodys energy expenditure。肖耗）and storage. In order to just stay alive, human beings （and animals） burn calories. This means, even before we perform any activit

34、y, our bodies are already using energy （measured in calories） to keep us alive. Around 70% of the calories we consume are spent on just keeping our vital organs running. Thus, if a person consumes calories far more less than needed to look thin, it may have negativeeffects on the body.When people pi

35、ck up a calorie deficit, they often merely note that the calorie math is irrefutable （无可辩驳 的）.The question here is that not all calories are the same. If you eat a few bags of potato chip worth of calories to support the calorie intake needed to maintain or cut down on your weight, it will work. But

36、, this doesn*t have the same effect on your body and overall health as a balanced nutritional meal containing the same amount of calories.It seems like a simple unit of energy has become an object of our societ/s obsession, it neednt be that way. Remember, calorie deficits are just a tool, which ser

37、ves a purpose in losing some weight and keeping track of your calorie intake seems simple enough.34. What do we know about the calorie deficit?35. Why cannot a person consumes calories far more less than needed to look thin?36. Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then under

38、line it and explain why.Those who are on diet to lose weight healthily can eat a few bags of potato chips a day to get proper calories to support one s body.37. What is your advice fbr people who are losing weight? （about 40 words）【答案】34. A calorie deficit is a sate in which you burn more calories t

39、han you consume and it helps people lose weight.35. Because it may have negative effects on the body.36. Those who are on diet to lose weight healthily can eat a few bags ofpotato chips a day to get proper calories to support one s body. The word healthily is wrong. Because the calories that a few b

40、ags of potato chips contain are different from those that a balanced nutritional meal contain. They are not healthy fbr those who are on diet to lose weight.37. Instead of eating junk food, such as potato chips, hamburgers, fried fbod and so on, people should have balanced nutritional meals includin

41、g fresh vegetables, meat and fruits. Meanwhile, please keep track of your calorie intake which is simple and important.【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了卡里路及卡里路缺乏的定义同时讲述了卡里路缺乏的给人们生活 带来的影响。【34题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段 u A calorie deficit（赤字，缺乏）is a sate in which you bum more calories than you consume. As one of the most p

42、opular approaches of losing weight”（卡里路缺乏是指你燃烧的卡里路多于你摄 入的卡里路。作为最流行的减肥方法之一）可知，卡里路缺乏是指燃烧的卡里路多于摄入的卡里路，且卡 里路缺乏能帮助人们减肥，故答案为 A calorie deficit is a sate in which you bum more calories than you consume and it helps people lose weight.【35题详解】细节理解题。 根据第二段 “Thus, if a person consumes calories far more less th

43、an needed to look thin, it may have negative effects on the body.（因此，如果一个人为了看起来瘦，消耗的卡里路比需要的少很多，会对 身体有负面影响。）可知，一个人不能为了看起来瘦而消耗比身体需要少很多的卡里路，这样会对身体产 生负面影响，故答案为 Because it may have negative effects on the bodyo【36题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段 “If you eat a few bags of potato chip worth of calories to support the calor

44、ie intake needed to maintain or cut down on your weight, it will work. But, this doesnt have the same effect on your body and overall health as a balanced nutritional meal containing the same amount of calories.n （如果你吃了 几袋薯片 所含的热量来维持体重或减少体重所需要的热量摄入，它会起作用。但是，它对你的身体和整体健康的影 响并不想含有相同热量的均衡营养餐那样大。）可知，节食来减

45、肥的人吃薯片来获得适量的卡路里来维持 身体，这种并不是健康的减肥方式，薯片所含有的卡路里并不像营养餐含有的卡路里那样健康，故答案为 Those who are on diet to lose weight healthily can eat a few bags of potato chips a day to get proper calories to support one s body. The word healthily is wrong. Because the calories that a few bags of potato chips contain are differ

46、ent from those that a balanced nutritional meal contain. They are not healthy for those who are on diet to lose weight.【37题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段 “If you eat a few bags of potato chip worth of calories to support the calorie intake needed to maintain or cut down on your weight, it will work. But, this doesn

47、t have the same effect on your body and overall health as a balanced nutritional meal containing the same amount of calories.（如果你吃了 J L袋薯片 所含的热量来维持体重或减少体重所需要的热量摄入，它会起作用。但是，它对你的身体和整体健康的影 响并不想含有相同热量的均衡营养餐那样大。）和第四段“Remember, calorie deficits are just a tool, which serves a purpose in losing some weight

48、 and keeping track of your calorie intake seems simple enough.n （记住, 卡 里路缺乏只是一个工具来作为减肥的目的。追踪记录你的卡里路似乎足够简单。）可知，对于减肥的人来 说，少吃垃圾食品，多吃营养餐，同时要追踪记录卡里路。故答案为Instead of eating junk food, such as potato chips, hamburgers, fried food and so on, people should have balanced nutritional meals including fresh veget

49、ables, meat and fruits. Meanwhile, please keep track of your calorie intake which is simple and important 第二节（20分）38. 假定你是李华，你校今年暑假将要为外国学生举办一场汉语夏令营活动。请给你的美国朋友Jason写 封邮件，邀请他参加。内容包括：1 .时间和地点；2.内容：汉语学习、中国传统文化等；3.报名方式和截止日期。注意：1 .词数80-100.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。【答案】Dear Jason,How is it going? Our school is going to hold a Chinese Summer Camp for international studen