2022-2023学年河南省焦作市普通高中高三上学期期中考试英语试题（解析版）.docx

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1、焦作市普通高中20222023学年（上）高三年级期中考试英语考生注意：1 .答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号填写在试卷和答题卡上，并将考生号条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。如需改动,2 .回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡对应题目的答案标号涂萧。用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。3 .考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有2分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂 到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题海小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一

2、个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选 项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读例:How much is the shirt?A. 19.15.B.9.18.C.9.15.答案是C。1. Where does the man want to go?A. The bank. B. The hospital. C. The train station.2. What has the man been doing recently?A. Spending his holiday. B. Writing an article. C. Readin

3、g a novel.3. What does the woman think of sailing on the lake?A. Exciting. B. Boring. C. Frightening.4. How does the man keep in touch with his grandparents now?A. By tel叩hone.B. By WeChat. C. By letter.5. Where does the conversation probably take place?A. At the post office. B. On a train. C. In th

4、e classroom.第二节（共15小题;每小题L5分，满分22.5分）D. Light pollution can change birds, sleep patterns.【答案】12.D13.A14. C 15. D【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲的是墨尔本大学的研究人员对光污染对鸟类行为的影响进行了实验 研究，并有了新的发现。【12题详解】细节理解题。 根据文章第段 Street lights can change the amount and quality of sleep that pigeons and magpies get at night, affecting

5、 their energy in the morning.（路灯可以改变鸽子和喜鹊在晚上的睡眠时间和质量，影响它 们在早上的精力。）”以及第二段 One of the most common and well-documented things light pollution seems to do is cause animals, particularly birds, to change the timing of their behavior J said Anne Aulsebrook, a researcher with the University of Melbourne.（墨

6、尔本大学的研究人员Anne Aulsebrook说：“光污染似乎导致动物，尤其 是鸟类，改变了它们的行为时间，这是最常见且有充分记录的事情之一。）”以及文章最后一段“Such species-specific results can make managing for light pollution difficult, Aulsebrook said, but the results did have one thing in common:amber light was never more harmful.（Aulsebrook 说,这种物种特异性的结果会使光污染的管 理变得困难，但结果

7、确实有一个共同点：琥珀光从来没有如此有害。）”可知研究人员们想要通过实验了解 光污染对于鸟类行为的影响。故选D项。【13题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第三段中的 “They set up experiments exposing the birds to darkness one night, switching on the lights the next and turning them off the following night. “We expected to see them sleep more on the first night, less when the lights a

8、re on and then recover some of the sleep they lost the next night J she said.（彳也们设置了 实验， 让这些鸟在一个晚上暴露在黑暗中，第二天晚上打开灯，第二天晚上关闭灯。她说：“我们希望看到他们在 第一个晚上睡得更多，而在有灯的时候睡得更少，然后恢复他们在第二天晚上失去的一些睡眠，“她说“） 以及第四段中的 “Quality of sleep was also affected. The pigeons didnt seem to recover from the loss of rapid-eye movement（

9、REM）sleep the night before,slept less intensely the following night and woke up more often.（唾眠质量也 受到了影响。鸽子似乎并没有从前一晚的快速动眼（REM）睡眠的缺失中恢复过来,第二天晚上睡眠强度较低, 醒来频率更高）”可推知，REM是指鸟儿们在没有灯光的情况下的一种深度睡眠。故选A项。【14题详解】细节理解题。根据第五段中的Magpies sleep was also affected by both white and amber light; they found, but the birds

10、slept twice as much in amber light. Magpies also seemed to recover all of their non-REM sleep, but not their REM sleepthe opposite of the findings from the pigeon experiment喜鹊的睡眠也受到白光和琥珀光的影响； 他们发现，但这些鸟在琥珀色光线下的睡眠时间是平时的两倍。喜鹊似乎也恢复了所有的非快速眼动睡眠, 但快速眼动睡眠没有恢复，这与鸽子实验的结果相反。）”可知，与鸽子相比，喜鹊在琥珀色灯光下的睡眠 时间增加了两倍。故选C项

11、。【15题详解】主旨大意题。文章第一段 Street lights can change the amount and quality of sleep that pigeons and magpies get at night, affecting their energy in the morning.（路灯可以改变鸽子和喜鹊在晚上的睡眠时间和质量，影响它们在早 上的精力 o ）” 以及第二段 “One of the most common and well-documented things light pollution seems to do is cause animals, pa

12、rticularly birds, to change the timing of their behavior,“ said Anne Aulsebrook, a researcher with the University of Melbourne.（墨尔本大学的研究人员AnneAulsebrook说：“光污染似乎导致动物，尤其是鸟类， 改变了它们的行为时间，这是最常见且有充分记录的事情之一。“）”是全文的主旨，文章第三、四、五段主 要讲的是科学家们通过实验来研究光污染对于不同鸟类行为的影响，最后一段Such species-specific results can make managi

13、ng for light pollution difficult, Aulsebrook said, but the results did have one thing in common: amber light was never more harmful. If we had to choose, Td still go with warmer, amber colors,“ she said. The other simpler solution is to turn the lights off. （Aulsebrook说，这种物种特异性的结果会使光污染的管理变得 困难，但结果确实

14、有一个共同点：琥珀光从来没有如此有害。“如果一定要选的话，我还是会选暖色调的琥 珀色，”她说。“另一个更简单的解决办法是关灯。“）”对全文内容进行总结并指出相关的解决办法。所以全 文都是在围绕着光污染对于鸟类睡眠行为的影响来展开，D项“Light pollution can change birds9 sleep patterns. 作为文章的题目最合适。故选D项。第二节（共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 选项中有两项为多余选项。Poetry Writing Tips for BeginnersPoetry i

15、s one of the oldest and most respected literary forms. It takes a certain style and skill with words to create a good work of poetry. Here are some easy-to-follow tips on writing poetry: 16Before you start the writing process, you should make sure that you read as many great poems as possible. Take

16、a glance at the works of Neruda, Keats, Whitman, and Dickinson to name a few of the greats. This does not mean that you should copy their work of course. 17. Choose a specific themeLike any other type of literary work, your poem will need a specific theme. You cant write a poem effectively if you do

17、nt have a set theme. A theme will give your work both focus and a set goal 18 It could be about loss, love, hate, greed, etc. Your theme could also be about a very specific event in your life, such as your first love or a broken relationship. Read it aloudDuring the writing process, it is important

18、that you check how your poem sounds. 19 .However, it may sound awkward or lacking once you read it aloud. So take the time to read your work aloud. Read it aloud after each stanza （诗节）. If you want to be more thorough, you could read it aloud to family and friends. Polish it upAfter you have your po

19、em critiqued （评论），now is the time to polish it up. Take their advice and make any changes to the wordplay or word usage. If you see any clunky wordplay in your work, try to smoothen them out. Remember that poetry should have a flow, an almost lyrical feel.20 .However, once you put these poetry tips

20、fbr beginners into practice, youll be able to create quality poetry in no time.A. Free your mindRead great poemsB. It may seem perfect when youre reading itYour theme can be practically anything under the sunC. Learning how to write poetry can be slow-going at firstIt is still a very satisfying feel

21、ing to create great works of poetryD. Think of them as references that will expand your horizons as a poet【答案】16.B17. G 18.D19. C 20. E【解析】【导语】这是一篇应用文。作者为打算学习写诗的人提供了几个好建议。【16题详解】根据卜文 “Before you start the writing process, you should make sure that you read as many great poems as possible.（在你开始写作之前，你

22、应该确保你读了尽可能多的好诗）”可知，这一段是建议在开始写诗前，要 多读好诗。由此可知，选项B “Read great poems（读好诗）”和下文一致,符合语境。故选B项。【17题详解】根据上文“This does not mean that you should copy their work of course.（当然，这并不意味着你应该抄袭他们 的作品）”可知，此处是建议在读优秀的诗歌，但是不要复制抄袭。由此可知，选项GThink of them as references that will expand your horizons as a poet（把它们当作参考，可以扩展你作为

23、诗人的视野）”指出把读过的诗当做 参考，拓展视野，和下文上文一致，符合语境。故选G项。【18题详解】根据下文 “It could be about loss, love, hate, greed, etc. Your theme could also be about a very specific event in your life, such as your first love or a broken relationship.（它可能是关于失去、爱、恨、贪婪等。你的主题也可能是 关于你生活中的一个非常具体的事件，比如你的初恋或破裂的关系）”可知，这一段作者建议选定主题，但 是主题的范

24、围特别广泛。由此可知，选项D Your theme can be practically anything under the sun（你的主题可 以是太阳下的任何东西）”也指明主题范围很宽，和下文一致，符合语境。故选D项。【19题详解】根据下文 uHowever, it may sound awkward or lacking once you read it aloud.（然而，一旦你大声朗读，它可能 听起来很尴尬或缺乏什么）”可知，这一段建议写完诗后要读出来听听。且这一句话用转折副词however 然 而”与上文连接，说明上文应该是指出：所写的诗读起来感觉很不错。由此可知，选项CIt m

25、ay seem perfect when yoWre reading it（当你读它口寸，它似乎是完美的）”和下文存在转折关系，符合语境。故选C项。20题详解】彳艮据下文 “ However, once you put these poetry tips for beginners into practice, youll be able to create quality poetry in no time.（然而，一旦你将这些针对初学者的诗歌技巧付诸实践，你将能够在短时间内创作出高质量的诗歌）” 可知，此处作者指出只要认真按照本文提供的建议学习写诗，很快就能写出好诗。且这一句话用转折副词

26、however “然而”与上文连接，说明上文应该是指出：最开始学写诗很难很慢。选项E Learning how to write poetry can be slow-going at first（最开始学习写诗，可能速度会很慢）”和下文形成转折关系，符合语境。故选 E项。第三部分语言知识运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节（共20小题;每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳 选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。At a conference held in a cross-cultural team, some employees

27、 will feel uncomfortable intervening （介入）. Meanwhile, others will be 21 to participate. Now, whether youll 22 actively not only depends on your personality, but also depends on your 23 patterns.Adam Goulston, the owner of the Japanese company Seize, says that his 24 is made up of Asians and Westerne

28、rs. Workers find it hard to 25 during the meetings: I found many members were unprepared to express themselves 26 Even if they 27 to break free from the typical meetings in which the highest-ranking person does most of the talking while others listen, they were 28 by having to talk. Perhaps it was t

29、oo impulsive （冲动的）or they needed more time to think and prepare an ideal 29, The bigger themeeting, the greater the 30”In general, when it comes to expressing ideas and opinions, employees from individualistic cultures, likeAustralia or the United States, 31 to say their viewpoints with ease. 32, wo

30、rkers fromhierarchical （等级的）cultures, such as India and Middle East countries, are 33 to expressing theirthoughts only after their senior coworkers have 34 their points of view. The hierarchicalstandards 35 a lot in Singapore, too. According to a Reddit user, at the meetings with clients, only senio

31、rmanagers are allowed to speak.In addition, many Chinese people 36 the rule of thinking before speaking”, and they 11 have tomake good 37 ahead of the meeting if they have to participate.If you are a boss with employees from individualistic cultures, you should 38 these barriers and23. C 24. A 25. D

32、 26. D 27. C 28. A 29. C 30. D 31.23. C 24. A 25. D 26. D 27. C 28. A 29. C 30. D 31.overcome them, because it is particularly 39 if you re managing a multicultural team. In that case, be sure【答案】21.A22. Bto help your employees_40cultural divides.21. A. happyB. hesitantC. frightenedD. grateful22. A.

33、 get alongB.speak upC. carry onD. check in23. A. mentalB. technicalC. culturalD. habitual24. A. teamB. familyC. audienceD. club25. A. concentrateB. wanderC. approachD. communicate26. A. impatientlyB. fluentlyC. formallyD. freely27. A. hatedB. appliedC. desiredD. managed28. A. burdenedB. promotedC. c

34、onfusedD. encouraged29. A. excuseB. outcomeC. responseD. lesson30. A. disasterB. successC. rewardD. effect31. A. happenB.refuseC. tendD. pretend32. A. InsteadB. LastlyC. ThusD. However33. A. addictedB. accustomedC. devotedD. related34. A. formedB. sharedC. acceptedD. known35. A. meanB. gainC.changeD

35、. improve36. A. followB.doubtC. realizeD.abandon37. A. explanationsB. preparationsC. impressionsD. comments38. A. hideB. receiveC.spotD. avoid39. A. unusualB. usefulC. interestingD. familiar40. A. repeatB. enjoyC. defendD. bridgeC 32. D 33. B 34. B 35. A 36. A 37. B 38. C 39. B 40. D【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。

36、指出由于东西方文化背景的不同，导致一个团队内部在会议上参与发言的积极 主动性的迥异。21题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意:同时，其他人很开心能够参与其中。A. happy开心的；B.hesitant犹豫的；C. frightened 害怕的；D. grateful 感激的。根据上文 u At a conference held in a cross-cultural team, some employees will feel uncomfortable intervening （介入）.（在跨文化团队召开的会议上，一些员工会感到不舒服。）” 可知，这与下文形成对比，其他的员工会可以参与其中。

37、故选A项。【22题详解】考查动词词组辨析。句意：现在，你是否会积极发言不仅取决于你的性格，还取决于你所处的文化模式。A. get along相处得好；B. speak up大胆地说；C. carry on继续做;D. check in登记入住。根据下文“actively （积极地）”可知，在会议中积极，即多发表自己的观点，大胆地发声。故选B项。【23题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：现在，你是否会积极发言不仅取决于你的性格，还取决于你所处的文化模式。A. mental 精神的；B. technical 技术的；C. cultural 文化的;D. habitual 习惯的。根据上文 “At a

38、 conference held in a cross-cultural team （在跨文化团队召开的会议上）”可知I,再这样的跨文化会议中，文化因素也会影响一 个人的表现。故选C项。【24题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：日本公司Seize的老板AdamGoulston说,他的团队由亚洲人和西方人组成。A. team 团队;B. family家庭;C. audience观众;D. club俱乐部。根据上文庭he Japanese company （这家日本公司）” 可知，此处描述的为公司员工团队的组成。故选A项。【25题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：工作人员发现在会议期间很难交流：“我发现许

39、多成员没有准备好自由表达自己。A. concentrate 集中；B. wander 游荡；C. approach 接近；D. communicate 交流。根据上文 “At a conference held in a cross-cultural team, some employees will feel uncomfortable intervening （介入）.（在跨文化团队召开的会议 上，一些员工会感到不舒服。）”可知，之所以不舒服，是因为会议期间交流沟通的不通畅。故选D项。【26题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：工作人员发现在会议期间很难交流：“我发现许多成员没有准备好自由表达自

40、己。A. impatiently不耐烦地；B. fluently流畅地；C. formally正式地；D. freely自由地。根据下文“the highest-ranking person does most of the talking while others listen （最高级别的人做了 大部分的发言，而其他人 却在听）”可知，因为领导发言，所以其他人应该没有准备好畅所欲言，即自由畅谈。故选D项。【27题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：即使他们想摆脱那种典型的会议，在这种会议中，最高级别的人做了大部分的 发言，而其他人却在听，他们也会因为不得不说话而感到负担。A. hated憎恨；B

41、.叩plied应用；C. desired渴 望； D. manage 设法做。 根据上文 “ I found many members were unprepared to express themselves freely.（我发 现许多成员没有准备好自由表达自己可知，这些没准备好发言的成员应该是想摆脱会议的。故选C项。【28题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：即使他们想摆脱那种典型的会议，在这种会议中，最高级别的人做了大部分的 发言，而其他人却在听，他们也会因为不得不说话而感到负担。A. burdened烦扰；B. promoted促进；C. confused 迷惘； D. encourage

42、d 鼓励。 根据上文 u I found many members were unprepared to express themselves freely.（我发现许多成员没有准备好自由表达自己。）”可知，这些人本来就没准备好发言，因此必须发言对 他们而言是一个负担。故选A项。【29题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：也许是太冲动了，或者他们需要更多的时间来思考和准备一个理想的回应。A. excuse 借口； B. outcome 结果；C. response 回复；D. lesson 课程。根据上文“Workers find it hard to communicate during the

43、meetings （工作人员发现在会议期间很难交流）”可知，原因一方面在于他们没准备发言，另一方 面，他们要给出合理的回复也需要花时间。故选C项。【30题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意:会议越大,影响越大。A. disaster灾难;B. success成功；C. reward奖励；D. effect 影响。根据本句中The bigger the meeting （会议越大）”可知，此处描述会议越大，接下来应该指出会议 对员工的影响也会越大。故选D项。【31题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：一般来说，当谈到表达想法和观点时，来自个人主义文化如澳大利亚或美国的 员工往往会轻松地表达自己的观点。A.

44、happen发生；B. refuse拒绝；C.tend趋向于；D. pretend假装。根 据下文to say their viewpoints with ease （轻松地表达自己的观点）”可知，来自个人主义文化的员工个人意 识比较强，即会趋于主动表达自己。故选C项。【32题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，来自印度和中东等推崇等级文化的国家的工人习惯于在高级别同事分享 他们的观点后，才表达自己的想法。A. Instead而不是；B.Lastly最后；C.Thus因此；D. However然而。 根据上文tend to say their viewpoints with ease （往往会

45、轻松地表达自己的观点）”可知，这与本句所说的要 等高级别的同时讲完再发言形成明显对比，故使用转折副词开启句子，符合语境。故选D项。【33题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然而，来自印度和中东等推崇等级文化的国家的工人习惯于在高级别同事分 享他们的观点后，才表达自己的想法。A. addicted上瘾的；B. accustomed习惯的;C. devoted忠诚的;D. related 相关的。根据搭配beaccustomedtodosth .意为“习惯做某事”可知，用于此处符合语境，因为上文也提到 tend to do, “趋向于做某事”，两个词组同义复现。故选B项。【34题详解】考查动词词义辨

46、析。句意：然而，来自印度和中东等推崇等级文化的国家的工人习惯于在高级别同事分享 他们的观点后,才表达自己的想法。A. formed形成;B. shared分享；C.accepted接受；D. known知道。 根据本句的搭配“senior coworkers （高级别的同事）和their points of view （他们的观点）“可知，此处应 该在描述这些员工发表自己的观点，即与其他同事分享自己的观点。故选B项。【35题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在新加坡，等级标准也意味深重。A. mean意味着；B.gain获得；C.change改 变； D. improve 改善。 根据下文 “at

47、 the meetings with clients, only senior managers are allowed to speak （在与 客户的会议上，只有高级别的经理才能发言）”可知，这说明新加坡等级制度很森严，即意味深重。故选A 项。36题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：此外，许多中国人遵循“先思考后发言”的原则，如果他们必须参加会议，他 们必须在会前做好充分的准备。A. follow跟随；B. doubt怀疑；C.realize实现；D. abandon抛弃。根据下 文“therule （原则）”可知，使用动词follow搭配，表示遵循原则符合语境，正因为遵循先思考的原则，才 会

48、提前做准备。故选A项。【37题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：此外，许多中国人遵循“先思考后发言”的原则，如果他们必须参加会议，他 们必须在会前做好充分的准备。A. explanations解释；B. preparations准备；C. impressions印象；D. comments 评论。根据本句的原则“thinking before speaking （先思考后发言）”可知，如果确定参加会议，一定会提前 做准备。故选B项。【38题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果你是一个拥有来自个人主义文化的员工的老板，你应该发现这些障碍并克 服它们，因为如果你管理的是一个多文化的团队，这是非常有用的。A.hide隐藏；B.receive接受；C. spot 注意到；D.avoid避免。根据下文overcomethem （克服它们）”可知,此处“它们”指的是化化差异造成 的障碍，克服障碍的前提是先注意到有障碍。故选C项。【39题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：如果你是一个拥有来自个人主义文化的员工的老板，你应该发现这些障碍并 克服它们，因为如果你管理的是一个多文化的团队，这是非常有用的