2022-2023学年贵州省贵阳第一中学高三上学期高考适应性月考卷（一）英语试题（解析版）.docx

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1、英语试卷注意事项:L答题前，考生务必用黑色碳素笔将自己的姓名、准考证号、考场号、座位号在答题卡上填写 清楚。2 .每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦 干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。在试题卷上作答无效。3 .考试结束后，请将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。满分150分，考试用时120分钟。第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）注意，听力部分答题时请先将答案标在试卷上，听力部分结束前你将有两分钟的时间将答案 转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题;每小题L5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项, 并标在试卷的

2、相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一 小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1. What does the woman suggest the man do?A. Keep fit. B. Eat more. C. Relax his mind.2. Which place will the speakers probably go to?A. A zoo. B. A fruit shop. C. A restaurant.3. Who will go to Thailand with the man?A. The woman. B. His co-worker. C.

3、His parents.4. How does the woman feel?A. Disappointed. B. Worried. C. Excited.5. What are the speakers mainly talking about?A. The sea. B. The weather. C. A dangerous activity.第二节（共15小题，每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有2至4个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选 项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有5秒钟的时间阅 读各个小题;听完后，各小题将

4、给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听下面一段对话，回答第6和第7题。6. What are the speakers mainly discussing?14. It can be inferred from paragraph 3 that.A. counting calories doesnt take what your body needs into accountthe same caloric value doesnt mean the same health benefitsB. counting calories is merely useful for weigh

5、t losshow much one eats is equally important to what one eats15. The passage is mainly aboutA. how to do calorie countingB. whether calorie counts or notC. how calorie counting worksD. whether we should count calorie【答案】12.C13. B 14. B 15. D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了考虑到健康问题，我们是否应该计算卡路里。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据

6、第段 “Most of us want to be in peak physical condition, get in shape and be healthy.” （我们 大多数人都希望自己处于最佳状态，保持身材，保持健康）可知，这一段提到大多数人很关注自己的外形 和身体健康。故选C。【13题详解】细节推理题。根据第二段 u For those of us who wish to drop a few pounds, experts advise us to consume fewer calories than the recommended daily number, eat a ba

7、lanced diet, and increase our levels of physical activity.n （对 于那些想减掉几磅的人，专家建议我们摄入比建议的每日热量少的热量，均衡饮食，增加身体活动水平） 可知，专家建议要减重的人每天摄入的卡路里应低于每天的推荐量。故选B。14题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段 “200 calories of fresh fruit and 200 calories of junk food, for example cookies, have the same caloric value. However, there is a question

8、 of the health benefits of what youre consuming, regardless of calories.（200卡路里的新鲜水果和200卡路里的垃圾食品，例如饼干，具有相同的热量值。然而，无论卡 路里多少，你所摄入的食物对健康的益处都是个问题）和“Simply counting calories, while useful for weight loss, doesnt take into account your intake of good fats, carbohydrates, and proteins - things that your bo

9、dy needs. “（简 单地计算卡路里虽然有助于减肥，但并没有考虑到你摄入的优质脂肪、碳水化合物和蛋白质一一这些都是 你身体所需要的）推知，同等卡路里值并不意味相同的健康好处。故选B。【15题详解】主旨大意题。 根据第段 “But when it comes to food, what is calorie counting, and what are the positives and negatives of it?”（但是，当谈到食物时，什么是卡路里计数，它的正面和负面是什么？）和最后一段“Simply counting calories, while useful fbr weig

10、ht loss, doesnt take into account your intake of good fats, carbohydrates, and proteins - things that your body needs. So, if youre trying to stick to a low-earb diet, just looking at numbers of calories on a menu wont be that useful. So, always be mindful that what youre eating is part of a healthy

11、 balanced diet.（简单地计算卡路里虽然有助于减肥，但并没有考虑到你摄入的优质脂肪、碳水化合物和蛋白质一一这些都是你身体所需要的。所以，如果你想坚持低热量饮食，只看菜单上的卡路里含量就没那么有用了。所以，要时刻注意你所吃的是健康均衡饮食的一部分）可知，这篇文章主要讲的是卡路里计算的必要性和 它的不足之处，从而让我们读者明了该不该计算卡路里。故选D。第二节（共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Researchers recently discovered that mosquitoes who have

12、their sleep disrupted would rather get rest than go looking for their next meal. 16. Sleep deprived （睡眠不足）or not, a blood meal should appeal to them.”said the lead author of the study.To study mosquitoes, researchers spent more than a year developing ways to analyze and quantify their amount of slee

13、p. It was particularly challenging because of something researchers call the observer effect”. 17. Inthe case of mosquitoes, theyre able to sense that people are nearby due to their body heat, movement, smells and breath.To deal with those circumstances, researchers set up the experiment in a quiet

14、lab where the mosquitoes were several rooms away from anybody who might pass by. 18 Researchers found that the mosquitoes in the labslept between 16 and 19 hours each day. They moved their enclosures regularly at night or during the day to make them suffer sleep deprivation. 19 But less than one-qua

15、rter wanted to eat after asleep less night.20. By understanding the circadian rhythms of insects, researchers hope to find new methods toprevent the spread of infections. In fruit flies, a link between sleep and immunity （免疫力）has been established. And immunity is an important factor for disease tran

16、smission in mosquitoes. Based on this, this research would provide us with an understanding of the role of sleep on the disease transmission in mosquitoes.A. That was so naturalIt was a bit surprisingB. Mosquitoes can spread serious diseases to humansThey placed cameras and sensors in the room to re

17、cord the mosquitoes without disturbing themC. The mosquitoes who were deprived of sleep went hunting for a blood meal wildlyMost mosquitoes that got to sleep normally went hunting for a blood meal when they were awakeD. This is when the act of just observing something can change its outcome【答案】16.B1

18、7. G 18.D19. F 20. C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要讲述了研究人员最近发现，睡眠被打乱的蚊子宁愿休息，也不愿去寻找 下一顿饭，希望通过此项研究知道睡眠在蚊子中疾病传播中的作用。【16题详解】根据前文 Researchers recently discovered that mosquitoes who have their sleep disrupted would rather get rest than go looking for their next meal.（研究人员最近发现，睡眠被打乱的蚊子宁愿休息，也不愿去寻找下一顿 饭）”再分析设空，可知，空处是研究

19、人员说的话,应该是研究人员对这个发现的感受，根据下文“Sie叩deprived or not, a blood meal should appeal to them.（不管是否睡眠不足，一顿血餐应该会吸引他们）”可知，这个结果 是让他们惊讶的，所以B项“It was a bit surprising（这有点令人惊讶）”符合文意。故选B项。【17题详解】根据前文 “It was particularly challenging because of something researchers call the observer effect”（由于研究人 员所说的“观察者效应”，这项研究尤其具有

20、挑战性）”可知此处提出一个新的概念observereffect,所以 空处应该是对这个概念的解释，所以 G 项 “This is when the act of just observing something can change its outcome.（这是指观察某事物的行为可以改变它的结果）”符合文意。故选G项。【18题详解】根据前文“To deal with those circumstances, researchers set up the experiment in a quiet lab where the mosquitoes were several rooms away

21、 from anybody who might pass by.（为了应对这些情况，研究人员在一个安静的实验室 里进行了实验，蚊子与任何可能路过的人都有几个房间的距离）”可知，此段是在说研究员如何解决观察者 效应。由此推知，空处应是进一步说明方法，所以D项“They placed cameras and sensors in the room to record the mosquitoes without disturbing them.（他们在房间里放置了摄像头和传感器，在不打扰蚊子的情况下记录下 蚊子的活动）”符合文意。故选D项。【19题详解】根据前文 “They moved their

22、 enclosures regularly at night or during the day to make them suffer sleepdeprivation.（他们在夜间或白天定期移动笼子，扰乱它们的睡眠）”可知，此处讲述了研究员的研究过程，所 以空处应说结果，所以 F 项“Most mosquitoes that got to sleep normally went hunting for a blood meal when they were awake（大多数正常睡眠的蚊子在醒着的时候会去觅食）”符合文意。故选F项。【20题详解】根据段尾 “Based on this, t

23、his research would provide us with an understanding of the role of sleep on the disease transmission in mosquitoes.（在此基础上，本研究将使我们了解睡眠在蚊子中疾病传播中的作用）”可知，本段 主耍讲蚊子会传播疾病，此项研究可以帮助我们了解睡眠在蚊子中疾病传播中的作用，所以C项“Mosquitoes can spread serious diseases to humans（蚊子可以将严重的疾病传播给人类）”符合文意。故选C项。第三部分语言知识运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节完形填空

24、（共20小题海小题1.5分,满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。The 36-year-old Jia Juntingxian was born blind in Pingxiang, Jiangxi Province. She has 21 athletic talent since childhood and was selected as a track and field 22 by Jiangxi Disabled Persons9 Federation.Although she cant s

25、ee the world, Jia breaks 23 the “immediate“ obstacles again and again while running, letting the world 24 her. In 2016, she broke the world record and stood on the podium （领奖台）of the women9s T11-T13 4X 100-meter relay25 at the Rio Paralympics. In2017, Jia 26 and chose tobecome a teacher at a 27 educ

26、ation school. Just a year ago, she found out that two young brothers, with visual impairments （障碍），wanted to be an athlete. However, they had never 28 a special education school and never achieved their dream. Jia realized that these children living in remote areas may have 29 knowledge of such scho

27、ols. Even she didnt know about them 30 late into her education. As a result, she decided to become more 31 in special education.Changing from a Paralympic competitor to a teacher, Jia said there is no 32. Because I understand thestudents as well as 33 and know the inconveniences and difficulties of

28、the children. I hope that every child, through hard study, can 34 realize their ownJia also has paid close attention to the rights and 35 of disabled people. In 2021, she 36 the construction of audible traffic signals for blind people. Her advice to local authorities on dog management has37 more ind

29、oor public places 38 the disabled to enter with their assistance dogs. Jia and her husband founded a massage （按摩）shop and currently3916 visually impaired people, with an averagemonthly salary of 3500 yuan per person.Jia always believes that the world is a circle, as long as the love of others is con

30、stantly 40. the wholesociety will be full of love!21. A. showedB. createdC. gaveD. gained22. A. teacherB.sponsorC. athleteD. educator23. A. outB. throughC. intoD. from24. A. seeB. accelerateC. discoverD. watch25.A. caseB. incidentC. eventD. affair26. A. retiredB. resignedC. relievedD. released27. A.

31、 specific28. A. gone29. A. more30. A. since31. A. devoted32. A. pleasure33. A. me34. A. abruptly35. A. interests36. A. updated37. A. made out38. A. making39. A. help40. A. passed on【答案】21. A22. CB 32. D 33. C41. A. specific42. A. gone43. A. more44. A. since45. A. devoted46. A. pleasure47. A. me48. A

32、. abruptly49. A. interests50. A. updated51. A. made out52. A. making53. A. help54. A. passed on【答案】21. A22. CB 32. D 33. CB. professionalB. attendedB. someB. whenB. involvedB. surpriseB. themB. rapidlyB. deedsB. offeredB. resulted inB. allowingB. assistB. given up23. B 24. A34. D 35. AC. uniqueC. pa

33、rticipatedC. littleC. asC. committedC. depressionC. myselfC. immediatelyC. dutyC. proposedC. shown upC. refusingC. rentC. shown off25. C 26. A 27. D36. C 37. B 38. BD. specialD. joinedD. fewD. untilD. addictedD. discomfortD. themselvesD. bravelyD. careerD. revealedD. come aboutD. decliningD. hireD.

34、turned down28. B 29. C 30. D 31.39. D 40. A【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了运动员贾君婷仙在退役后从事特殊教育，用自己的行动帮助残疾人 的故事。21题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她从小就表现出运动天赋，被江西省残联选 田径运动员。A. showed展示出； 显现出；B. created创造；C.gave给；D.gained获得。结合下文“athletic talent”可知，此处指她从小就显 现出运动天赋。故选A。【22题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. teacher老师；B. sponsor赞助者；主办者；C.athlete运动员

35、；D. educator 教育家。由上文“She has 1 athletic talent since childhood ”可知，很小的时候她就显示出运动天赋， 所以被江西省残联选为田径运动员。故选C。【23题详解】考查短语词义辨析。句意：虽然他看不到世界，但她在奔跑中一次又一次地突破“直接”障碍，让世界看 到了她。本句中考查break的相关短语。A. break out爆发；B. break through突破；C.break into破门而入； 闯入;D. break from 决裂。根据下文 “the “immediate” obstacles again and again whi

36、le running”可知,她在奔 跑中一次又一次地突破障碍。故选B。【24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. see看见；B. accelerate力口速；C.discover发现；D. watch观看。结合上文 Although she can91 see the worldv可知，她不能看见世界，但通过她的成绩让世界看到了她，故选A。【25题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：2016年，她打破了世界纪录，站在里约残奥会女子TU-T134X 100米接力赛的 领奖台上。A. case情况；B. incident小事件；C. event事件,比赛项目；D. affair私事。结合上文“th

37、e womens Tll-T13 4xl00-meter relay可知,此处是指女子T11-T134 x 100米接力赛这个比赛项目。故选C。【26题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意:2017年，贾君婷仙退役，她选择在一所特殊教育学校当老师。A. retired退休； B. resigned 辞职；C. relieved 解除；减轻；D. released 释放；发射。结合下文 “chose to become a teacher ” 可知，作为运动员的她退役了。故选A。27题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意同上。A. specific明确的；具体的；B.professional专业的；C.uni

38、que独特的；D. special 特殊的。由下文 “she decided to become more 11 in special education.” 可知，她选择在一个特殊教育学校当老师。故选D。【28题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，他们从未上过特殊教育学校，也从未实现过自己的梦想。A. gone去；B. attended _E （学）；C. participated 参与;D. joined 加入。根据下文 “a special education school” 可知，他们没 有上过特殊学校。故选B。【29题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：贾意识到，这些生活在偏远地区的孩子

39、可能对这些学校知之甚少。A. more更 多的；B. some一些；C. little （与不可数名词连用）不多的；D. few （与复数名词连用）不多d。结合上文 uthey had never 8 a special education schooln及下文“knowledge”可知，他们没有上过特殊学校，因此 他们对这类学校的了解少。knowledge “知识”为不可数名词，故选C。【30题详解】考查连词词义辨析。句意：就连她也是直到上学后才知道这些事。A. since自从；B.when当时；C. as 随着；D. until直到。noJuntil直到才”，结合空处前后内容可知，贾是在上

40、了特殊学校才了解 了这类学校。故选D。【31题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：因此，她决定更多地参与特殊教育。A. devoted专心致志的；B. involved参与 的；C.committed忠诚的；坚定的；D. addicted上瘾的。根据下文“in special education”可知，此处指她决 定更多的参与到特殊教育中。故选B。【32题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：从一个残奥会选手变成一个老师，贾说没有什么不适。A. pleasure快乐；B. surprise 惊讶；C. depression 沮丧；D. discomfort 不安；不适。根据下文“I understand

41、the students as well as 13 and know the inconveniences and difficulties of the children”可知，作为残疾人的贾君婷仙，成为了老师，她理解 学生们的不便和困难，所以在学校她没有觉得不适。故选D。33题详解】考查代词和反身代词词义辨析。句意：因为我了解学生，也了解自己，知道孩子们的不便和困难。A.me我； B. them他们；C. myself我自己；D. themselves他们自己。主语和宾语为同一物/人时，宾语用反身代词。 这里指贾君婷仙自己，主语为I,所以空处用myself,故选C。【34题详解】考查副词

42、词义辨析。句意：我希望每一个孩子，通过努力学习，能够勇敢地认识自己的生活。A. abruptly 突然地;B. rapidly 迅速地;C. immediately 立刻;D. bravely 勇敢地。结合上文“the inconveniences and difficulties of the children n及下文u realize their own life,可知此处指这些身体不便和困难的孩子们要勇敢地认识到他 们的生活。故选D。【35题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：贾还十分关注残疾人的权益。A. interests利益；B.deeds行为；C. duty职责；D. career

43、职业。短语：rights and interests权利和利益”，同时结合下文“she16 the construction of audibletraffic signals for blind people. Her advice to local authorities on dog management has 17 more indoor public places 18 the disabled to enter with their assistance dogs.” 可知，贾的所作都是为了残疾人着想。 故选Ao【36题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：2021年，她提议为盲人建造可

44、听见的交通信号。A. updated更新；B. offered提 供；C. proposed 建议；D. revealed 透露；揭示。结合下文“the construction of audible traffic signals for blind people. Her advice to local authorities on dog management has 17 more indoor public places” 可知，她建议给盲人建造可听见的交通信号。故选C。【37题详解】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：她向地方当局提供的关于犬只管理的建议使得更多的室内公共场所允许残 疾人带

45、着他们的援助犬进入。A. made out理解；B. resulted in导致；C. shown up露面；D. come about发生；产生。结合前文 “Her advice to local authorities on dog management及下文“ more indoor public places 18 the disabled to enter with their assistance dogs可知，她的提议有了结果，更多的地方室内公共场所让盲人带着援助犬进入。故选风38题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. making制作；B.allowing允许；C. refu

46、sing拒绝；D. declining下降。结 合空处前后文可知，这里只更多的室内公共场所允许残疾人带着他们的援助犬进入。故选B。【39题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：贾和她的丈夫开了一家按摩店，目前雇佣了 16名视障人士，平均每人每月工资 3500 元。A. help 帮助；B. assist 帮助；C. rent 租用；D. hire 雇佣。结合上文“Jia and her husband founded a massage (按摩)shop ” 及下文“with an average monthly salary of 3500 yuan per person” 可知,贾和她的丈夫开了一

47、 家按摩店，所以他们应是雇佣了 16名视障人士故选D。【40题详解】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：贾始终相信，世界是一个圆圈，只要把别人的爱不断传递下去，整个社会 就会充满爱！ A. passed on传递；B. given up放弃；C. shown off炫耀；D.turned down关小；调低；拒绝。 结合下文“the whole society will be full of love”可知，只有爱传递下去，世界就会充满爱。故选A。第二节语法填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Nowadays 41 wide v

48、ariety of smart phones are available to people of all ages, particularly senior high school students. Therefore, recently our schools English club 42 (conduct) a survey of the 43 (useful) mobile phone apps for senior high school students.As can be easily seen in the chart, the students participating in the survey 44 (choose) social apps and game apps are about 45% and 32%,45 those who chose learning apps and others only account 4612% and 11% respectively.As far a