大一轮复习学案语法部分专题一第二讲非谓语动词Word版含答案.docx

《大一轮复习学案语法部分专题一第二讲非谓语动词Word版含答案.docx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《大一轮复习学案语法部分专题一第二讲非谓语动词Word版含答案.docx（14页珍藏版）》请在淘文阁 - 分享文档赚钱的网站上搜索。

1、第二讲非谓语动词A组单句语法填空1. (2020-全国卷【)Chinese researchers hope to use the instruments onboard Change-4 (find)and study areas of the South Pole-Aitken basin.解析： 该句主句为 Chinese researchers hope to use the instruments onboard Changc-4； (find) and study areas of the South Pole-Aitken basin 为不定式在句中作目的状语。答案：to fin

2、d2. (2020浙江卷 7 月)Agriculture gave people their first experience of the power of technology(change)lives.解析：考查非谓语动词(不定式)。句意：农业让人们第一次体验到科技改变生活的力 量。此处用不定式作定语，修饰technology,故填tochange。答案：to change3. (2020浙江卷 7 月)Later, (hey learned (o work with the seasons, planting at (he right time and in dry areas, (m

3、ake)use of annual floods to irrigate。馥;既)lheir fields.解析：考查非谓语动词中的动词-ing形式。结合and和上文的planting可知，此处应该填making与其并列。答案： making4. (2020-全国卷 H )Thcy represent the earth(comc)back to life and best wishes for new beginnings.解析： 考查非谓语动词。the eanh和come之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，故用现在分词 作后置定语，所以填coming。答案： coming5. (2020全国卷IH)A

4、nd when he saw the mists rising from the river and the soft clouds (surround)thc mountain tops, he was reduced to tears.解析：考查非谓语动词。在“see +宾语+宾补”结构中，宾语与宾补之间是主动关 系，用现在分词表示动作正在进行。thesoftclouds与surround之间是主动关系，且表示正 在发生的事情，故填surrounding。答案： surrounding6. (2020北京卷)And third, tiger sharks have teeth perfec

5、tly(design)for cutting their food, so it is certain that the damage will be disastrous.解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：与西药的高额费用相比，传统中药的价格合理，普通 人能够承担得起。compared with.为固定结构，在句中作状语，意为“与相比”。答案：Compared2. （2021-江西宜春中学第一次诊断）（frcc）oursclvcs from the physical and mental tensions, we each need deep thought and inner quietness

6、.解析：句意：想要从身心的双重压力中解放自我，我们每个人都需要深思和内心安宁。 不定式作目的状语。答案：To free3. （2021 河北唐山第一次调研）Whats worse, his wife abandoned him,（leave）him alone with his six-year-old younger son.解析： 考查非谓语动词。句意：更糟糕的是，他的妻子离他而去，留下他自己和6 岁的小儿子。设空处作结果状语，主语his wife与leave之间为逻辑上的主动关系，故填 leavingo答案： leaving4. （2021 河南豫南九校质量考评）Finally I re

7、fused to attend classes, （shut）myself in my room for hours.解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：最后，我拒绝去上课，把自己关在房间几个小时。refused 和shut之间没有并列连词，故可判断设空处应为非谓语动词作状语。主语1与shut之间为 逻辑上的主动关系，且shut与refused同时发生，故设空处表示伴随，故填shulting。答案：shutting5. （2021 福州八中质检）（realize）it was our last high school sports meeting, we decided to make it an u

8、nforgettable experience for all of us.解析：考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，空格所处的部分为非谓语动词作状语， realize与主语we之间为逻辑上的主谓关系，故填Realizing。答案：Realizing6. （2021 江西五校第一次联考）Locating in a beautiful and quiet neighborhood, the house is big enough（o enable you to have a room of your own.解析：考查非谓语动词。be located in意为坐落于”，为固定短语，在句中作状语,故

9、把Locating改为Located答案： Locating-* Located7. Everyone was silent wait to see who would be called upon to read his or her paragraph aloud.解析： 考查非谓语动词。主语Everyone与wait之间为主动关系，故用现在分词作状 语，因此把wait改为waiting,答案：wait-* waiting8. (2021吉林吉大附中月考)Ordinary soap, using correctly, can deal with bacteria effectively.解

10、析：ordinary so叩和use之间是被动关系，故要用过去分词形式作条件状语。句意： 如果正确使用的活，普通的肥皂可以有效地处理细菌。答案：using-* used考点国掌握非谓语动词的几种句型公式1 .不定式作宾语补足语tcll/ordcr/persuade/ibrce/warn/cncourage/ask/invite+sb.to do sth.Id like to invite you to takepart in the activity.我想邀请你参加这项活动。2 .后用省略的不定式作宾语补足语的动词：“五看；三使；二听；一感觉”。五看：look at/watch/notice/

11、see/observe sb.do sth.；三使：makc/have/lct sb.do sth.；二听：listen to/hcar sb.do sth.；一感觉：feci sb.do sth.。I like the film because it can make me laugh.我喜欢这部电影，因为它能让我笑。3 .用于it形式主语结构中It+be+名词或形容词(no good, no use, a pleasure, worthwhile, useless)+动词-ing；It+be+形容词(difficult/kind/clever 等)+foi70f sb.to do sth.

12、；It+takes+sb. + some time+to do sth.。As is known to us, its no use complaining without taking action.众所周知，只抱怨不采取 行动没用。only to do结构表示出乎意料的结果He hurried to the station only to find the train had left.他匆忙赶到车站结果却发现火车已经开走了。4 . with复合结构中补足语的比较sb./sth.doing （表主动、进行） with , sth.done （表被动、完成）sth.to do （表将来）VV

13、ithso many peoplelooking at him, he felt very nervous.那么多人看着他，他感到很紧张。VViththe problemsolved, the quality has been improved.问题解决了，质量也提高了。5 .有些非谓语动词形式的固定结构considering that 鉴于，考虑到judging by/from 从来看supposing/providing/provided/assuming that.假定，假设compared with/to与相比Michaels new house is like a huge pala

14、ce comparedwith his old one.与迈克的旧房子比起来，他的新房子像个大宫殿。名即学即练（单句语法填空/单句改错）1. (2019浙江卷 6 月)One study in America found that students grades improved a little after the school introduced uniforms.But some students didnt want(wear)the uniform.解析： 考查非谓语动词。want to do sth.意为“想要做某事”。答案： to wear2. (2021 长春质量监测)The

15、y start building their huts late in the summer, but do not get them (finish)bcforc the early frosts.解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：它们从夏末开始建造小屋，直到早霜才能建完。get sth.done为固定搭配，意为“让某事被完成，故填finished。答案：finished3. (2018-天津卷)It took him a long time(acquire)the skills he needed to become a good dancer.解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：获得他成为一名好舞者所

16、需要的各项技能花了他很长 时间。在卜12次5人001;51).010$01.句型中，k作形式主语，不定式短语作真正的主语。答案： to acquire4. . （2021贵州适应性考试）When you meet people from different cultures , it is important（understand）what you can and cannot do.解析： 考查非谓语动词。分析该句结构可知，该句使用了 it is/was+6，+ to do sth. 的句型，其中il作形式主语，动词不定式作真正的主语。答案： （o understand5. （2021 深圳

17、第一次调研）1 know my dream will come true if I keep work hard for it.解析：keep doing sth.持续做某事。答案： work-* working解析： 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，leach和design为逻辑上的动宾关系， 故应用过去分词designed答案： designed7. （2020-北京卷）The problem of phone addiction（成瘾）has been observed since a few years ago, with experts and psychologists（try）

18、to increase awareness about this problem.解析： 此处是with复合结构作状语，experts and psychologists和try为逻辑上的主谓 关系，故用现在分词形式trying。答案：trying8. （2019全国卷 I Scientists have responded by（note）that hungry bears may be congregating（聚集）around human settlements, leading to the illusion （错觉）that populations are higher than

19、they actually arc.解析： 考查非谓语动词。介词后接动词时，应用其动名词形式。respond by doing sth. 通过做某事回应。答案：notingB组单句改错1. （2020-全国卷 111）1 tell my mom that if were forced eat things, we may become ill.解析： 不定式符号漏用。be forced tod。sth.”被迫做某事”。答案：cat前加to2. （2020-全国卷 I ）1 like eating frying tomatoes with eggs, and I thought it must

20、be easy to cook.解析：非谓语动词误用。过去分词作定语，表示动作的完成或被动，此处表示被炒过 的西红柿鸡蛋，故用过去分词作定语。现在分词作定语表示进行或主动。答案： frying-* fried3. （2020-全国卷 I ）My mom told me how to preparing it.解析：非谓语动词误用。不定式符号后跟动词原形。答案： preparing-* prepare4. （2019-全国卷 I ）A11 the football players on the playground cheered loudly, say that I had a talent

21、for football.解析：分析句子结构可知，cheered是谓语动词，say前没有并列连词and等，所以say 只能用非谓语动词形式；主语与say之间是主动关系，故用现在分词短语作状语。答案：say-* saying5. (2019-全国卷 H )Ive had many dreams since I was a child.Now my dream is to opens a cafe.解析：to是不定式符号，后跟动词原形。不定式短语to open a cafe在句中作表语。答案：opensfopen考点a非谓语动词作主语、宾语和表语1 .非谓语动词作主语(I)动名词作主语通常表示抽象

22、的或习惯性的动作，而不定式作主语则表示具体的、某 一次的行为。As we all know, going to bed early and getting up early is a good habit.众所周知，早起早睡是一个好习惯。To complete the program needs much effort.完成这个项目需要很大的努力。(2)it作形式主语，代替真正作主语的动词不定式或动名词。常见句型有：It is no use/good/fun doing sth.It is (a) waste of time doing sth. Andy has got a chance t

23、o become famous.由于在这部新电影中担任重要角色，安迪有了出名的机会。（3）源于系表结构的部分过去分词作状语，表示句子主语所处的一种状态。不表示被动 关系，其前不用being,常见的有：seated（坐着的）、hidden（躲着）、devoted（专注的）、lost/absorbed in（沉溺于）、born in（出身于）、dressed in（穿着）、tired of（厌烦了）等。Absorbed in his book, he didnt notice me enter the room.名师指津他专注于读书，没注意到我进入房间。把握分词与句子逻辑主语之间的关系；区别现在分

24、词与过去分词：现在分 词表示主动或正在进行，过去分词表示被动或完成。（2）现在分词的完成式having done表示分词的动作和句子主语之间是主动关系，同时分 词动作先于句子谓语动词发生。Having driven all day, we were rather tired.开了一天的车，我们相当累。（3）不定式作结果状语为主观上意想不到的结果，现在分词作结果状语为客观上顺其自 然而产生的结果。More highways have been built in China, making it much easier for people to travel from one place to

25、another.中国又建了很多高速公路，这使人们的出行变得更容易了。3 .有些分词或不定式短语作状语，构成独立结构，其形式的选择不受上下文的影响。generally speaking 一般来说；frankly speaking 坦白地说；judging from/by.根据来判断；considering./taking.into consideration 考虑到；to tell the truth 说实话：comparedto/with 与相比较；to begin with 首先;seeing.鉴于/由于；supposing 假设,如果；assuming 假使;given 考虑到,鉴于；provided（that.）如果；concerning 关于Judging from what he said just now, he must be very satisfied with your performance.根据他刚才说的判断，他一定对你的演出很满意。（单句语法填空/单句改错）1. (2021 江西宜春中学第一次诊断)(compare)with the western medicines high fees, TCM has a reasonable price that ordinary people can afford.