2020版高考英语新课标大二轮专题辅导与增分攻略专题一语法填空1-2-4第4节词性转换与构词法Word版含答案.docx

《2020版高考英语新课标大二轮专题辅导与增分攻略专题一语法填空1-2-4第4节词性转换与构词法Word版含答案.docx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《2020版高考英语新课标大二轮专题辅导与增分攻略专题一语法填空1-2-4第4节词性转换与构词法Word版含答案.docx（17页珍藏版）》请在淘文阁 - 分享文档赚钱的网站上搜索。

1、第4节 词性转换与构词法Stepl典题感悟高考名题这样考考查角度1形容词变副词的后缀1. (2018全国卷 II )A taste for meat is(actual) behind the change.解析考查副词。这里需填副词来修饰谓语动词is。答案actually2. (2017B II )Steam engines were used to pull the carriages and it must have been (fair) unpleasant for the passengers, with all the smoke and noise.解析此处表示对于乘客来说是相

2、当不愉快的。设空处位于形容词unpleasant之前， 修饰形容词unpleasant应用fair的副词形式fairly,表示“相当地”。注意must have done “过 去一定做了”表示对过去情况的肯定推测。答案fairly考查角度2动词、名词变形容词的后缀3. .(2019-江苏卷)Unlike traditional gyms, app-backed gyms offer people (flexibility) options to exercise.解析考查形容词。根据句意：不像传统的体育锻炼，有app软件的体育锻炼提供了 灵活的锻炼选项。故填flexible。答案flexib

3、le4. (20191 匕京卷)Students should have a proper attitude towards college before thinking about which college to attend, and its never too early to make necessary preparations for a healthy and(meaning) college experience.解析考查形容词。这里与前面的healthy并列，修饰后面的名词college experience, 故此处也要用形容词。故填meaningful。答案meani

4、ngful5. (2019浙江卷)School uniforms are(tradition) in Britain, but some schools are starting to get rid of them.解析考查形容词。句意：穿校服在英国是一个传统，但是一些开始允许学生上学不 用穿校服。are是系动词，其后常用形容词作表语，tradition是名词，“传统”的意思， 因此，用其形容词形式。故填traditional。答案traditional6. (2018浙江卷)The obvious one is money; eating out once or twice a week

5、may be (afford) but doing this most days adds up.解析考查形容词。根据语境可知，一周在外就餐一到两次可能是可以负担得起的， 故填形容词affordable o答案affordable7. .(2017全国卷 II )The Central London Railway was one of the most(success) of these new lines, and was opened in 1900.解析此处表示这些新开通线路中最为成功的线路之一。设空位置在was之后，且空 achievements like that of China

6、.语篇解读：本文介绍中国的新四大发明。越来越多的外国人希望通过强调对中国这样的 技术成就的需求来促进本国的经济发展。1 .解析考查动词不定式。此处是动词不定式作后置定语，ability to do sth.“做某事 的能力”。故填to change0答案to change2 .解析考查非限制性定语从句。句意：新的四大发明都与中国的高科技创新有关， 这极大地改善了中国人民的福祉。前面整个句子作先行词，在后面的定语从句中作主语，故 填 which o答案which3 .解析考查副词。句意：我们可以买和吃任何我们想要的东西，可以通过点击我 们的完成。副词修饰动词，故填simply。答案simply4

7、 .解析考查反身代词。句意：共享自行车本身并不新鲜，但自行车共享的运营模 式是基于卫星导航系统、移动支付、大数据等技术。结合句意此处是反身代词作同位语，故 填 themselves o答案themselves5 .解析考查固定搭配。句意：共享自行车本身并不新鲜，但自行车共享的运营模 式是基于卫星导航系统、移动支付、大数据等技术。固定搭配：bebased on ”以为基础”， 句子是一般现在时态的被动语态，主语是单数第三人称，故填is based。答案is based6 .解析考查介词。句意：共享自行车正在把自行车带回到人们的生活中，它们使 公共交通更有吸引力，并鼓励人们积极活跃。固定搭配：br

8、ing back to “带回到，故填to。答案to7 .解析考查现在分词。句意：共享自行车正在把自行车带回到人们的生活中，它 们使公共交通更有吸引力，并鼓励人们积极活跃。此处是现在进行时态，故填encouraging。答案encouraging8 .解析考查表语从句。句意：这在一定程度上是因为中国跳过了个人电脑时代， 直接进入了移动领域。此处应是because引导的表语从句，故填because。答案because9 .解析考查固定词组。句意：越来越多的外国人希望通过强调对中国这样的技术 成就的需求来促进本国的经济发展。固定词组：a growing number of 越来越多的“，故填 Ao

9、答案A10 .解析考查名词。此处economic “经济的，是形容词，修饰名词，故填development。答案 developmentB(2019四川省射洪县射洪高三开学考试)No one knows exactly how the earth began, as it1.(happen) so long ago. However, according to a 2.(wide) accepted theory, the universe began with a “Big Bang“ that threw matter 3.all directions. After that, atoms

10、 began to form and bine to create stars and other 4.(body). For several billion years after the “Big Bang， the earth was still just 5.cloud of dust. What it was to bee was uncertain 6.between 4.5 and 3.8 billion years ago when the dust settled into a solid globe. The earth became so 7.(violence) tha

11、t it was not clear 8.the shape would last or not. It exploded loudly with fire and rock. They were in time 9. (produce) carbon, nitrogen, water vapour and other gases, which were to make the earths atmosphere. What is even 10.(important) is that as the earth cooled down, water began to appear on its

12、 surface.语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。没有人确切地知道地球是如何产生的，根据宇宙大爆炸 的理论，宇宙大爆炸之前地球不过是一片尘埃。后来尘埃形成了一个坚实的球状物，然后火 和岩石爆炸，产生二氧化碳、氮、水蒸气和其他气体，构成了地球的大气层，随后随着地球 的冷却，出现了水。1 .解析考查动词的时态。根据so long ago得知，此处讲述的是过去的事情，故用 一般过去时。故填happened。答案happened2 .解析考查副词。此处用副词作状语修饰动词accept。故填widely。答案widely3 .解析考查介词。此处表示四面八方用in all directions。故填in。 答

13、案in4 .解析考查名词。other修饰名词复数形式。故填bodies。答案bodies5 .解析考查冠词。此处表示一团灰尘，a cloud of dusto故填a。 答案1 a6 .解析考查时间副词。句意：随后它会变成什么没人能知道，直到38亿至45亿 年前这团尘埃才慢慢地形成一个固体的球状物。故填untilo答案until7 .解析考查形容词。本句中bee是系动词，此处用形容词形式作bee的表语。故填 violent o答案violent8 .解析考查引导词。句意：不清楚这种形状是否会持久。故填whether。答案whether9 .解析考查固定短语。句意：他们及时制造出二氧化碳、氮气、水

14、蒸汽以及其他 气体这些气体构成了地球的大气。本题考查be in time to do sth.来得及做某事；及时做某事”这一固定短语。故填to produce。答案to produce10 .解析考查形容词比较级。句意：更重要的是地球冷却下来。even修饰比较级, 故填 more important 0答案 more importantn.短文改错（2019吉林市联考）When I was 5 years old, I started my journey to the world of music. Playing the piano bees a great source of joy.

15、Now, study alone abroad, I have found other way to enjoy music-performing in my school band.I remember the very first time when I played in a band. I practiced a lot. Still, when I sat at the piano, I felt scared and it seemed that I was getting small. My hands went cold when the conductor and other

16、 band member stared at me. The string of notes that came out the piano could not be calling a melody. However, that was only the beginning of your challenges.In my opinion, even though the challenges are difficult for me to get through, but they make both me and the band even strong.答案When I was 5 y

17、ears old, I started my journey to the world of music. Playing the piano bees became a great source of joy. Now, study alone abroad, I have found other way to enjoy studyinganothermusic-performing in my school band.I remember the very first time when I played in a band. I practiced a lot. Still, when

18、 I sat at thethe piano, I felt scared and it seemed that I was getting small. My hands went cold when the conductor and other band member stared at me. The string of notes that came out A the piano membersofcould not be calling a melody. However, that was only the beginning of your challenges, calle

19、dmyIn my opinion, even though the challenges are difficult for me to get through, lAitthey make both me and the band even strong.strongerIII .阅读理解（2019新疆乌鲁木齐第一次质量监测）Following the old saying of early to bed and early to rise“ I used to go to bed at 10 p. m. and get up early at 6 a. m. to get ready fo

20、r school. But that day, as it was cloudy, I continued to sleep for long, thinking it to be the early hours of the day.Suddenly, I heard a loud voice which startled me up and made me sit upright. It was my mothers voice who was knocking and shouting, “Get up honey. Its 6： 45 a. m. already! You are ge

21、tting late for school! ” As it was a cloudy day, I hadn*t realized that it was almost 7 and continued dozing for long!But thankfully that day our pick-up person who generally used to e at 6： 50 a. m. got late due to the showers and arrived just in the nick of time when I was ready. By the time we re

22、ached school it was a quarter to eight and the drizzle from previous night had finally stopped. I entered the classroom fearing the teachers anger, but saw only a few students had made it to school. Therefore, the principal declared a holiday. Hurray! ” We all cheered in a chorus at the unexpected h

23、oliday and decided to walk back home.As it had been continuously drizzling since the previous night there was water all over the place and the roads were impassable. Just then, at a distance my sister and I saw little kids playing in knee-deep water in the streets which touched the play button in us

24、. We quickly approached them and merrily jumped and hopped in the pool of water with them. With shoes in our hands we continued parading on the muddy streets. We were thrilled and our hearts were filled with joy at the sight of the green and fresh leaves on the trees; the frogs drew our attention as

25、 we tried to catch butterflies.We finally reached home busily playing and laughing with mud-spattered uniforms and shoes. We hurriedly changed our outfits, washed up and sat watching TV with a bowl of hot soup! No doubt, I thoroughly enjoyed this day and secretly prayed for many such days in the fut

26、ure! To this day when it pours, the memories of that eventful rainy day bring a smile on my face!语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。这篇短文讲述的是如何使我们的身体健康。短文中主要 提到了两点：一是要早睡早起，保证充足的睡眠；二是要多做运动，使身体强壮，精力充沛。1. Which title can best summarize the main idea of the text?A. An Unforgettable Rainy DayB - When You Are Late for SchoolC.

27、 Childhood MemoriesD. Games We Used to Play解析标题归纳题。根据第一段中“Following the old saying of early to bed and early to rise” I used to go to bed at 10 p. m. and get up early at 6 a. m. to get ready for school. But that day, as it was cloudy, I continued to sleep for long, thinking it to be the early hours

28、of the day. “ 可 知，本文讲述的是一个难忘的雨天。故选A。答案A2. According to the text, why did the author get up late?A. He didnt set an alarm clock.B , He didnt awake at six oclock.C. His mother forgot to remind him.D. The cloudy weather made him mistake the time.解析推理判断题。根据第一段中 “But that day, as it was cloudy, I continu

29、ed to sleep for long, thinking it to be the early hours of the day.”可知，作者起床晚是因为多云的天气使他弄错 了时间。故选D。答案D3. What happened to the author when he got to school?A. The teacher was very angry with his being late.B. The principal declared a holiday unexpectedly.C. All of his classmates were having classes as

30、usual.D. He remembered that the school didnt have classes on that day.解析 细节理解题。根据第三段中 aTherefore, the principal declared a holiday.Hurray! We all cheered in a chorus at the unexpected holiday and decided to walk back home.可知，作者到后校长出人意料地宣布放假。故选B。答案B4. What does the author mean by saying the underline

31、d words in the last paragraph?A. He doesn*t want a rainy day.B , The rainbow after rain makes him happy.C. That rainy day helped him keep good memories.D. He wants to have more rainy days in the future.解析推理判断题。根据最后一段中 “No doubt, I thoroughly enjoyed this day and secretly prayed for many such days in

32、 the future! ”可推知作者说“那个雨天帮助他保持了美 好的记忆。”故选C。答案cW.完形填空（2019拉萨第一次月考）It was the Greek shopkeeper in a small comer shop in London that taught me about the power of an act of 1, which has motivated me to give. 1 was astudent, 2 and very poor. I would work early morning and late nights to pay for my3， and

33、I was tired-really tired-all the time.On the day I went to that shop for the first time, I was 4 with a very high fever. I had been 5 work for a few days, and run out of 6. Having been working sohard since I moved to town, I had no 7 nearby who could help. Normally, I wouldhave gone to the 8， but on

34、 this occasion, I went into the Greek shop because it was9.I 10 a few items, from the looks of which revealed the that I lived alone. Then I handed them to the shopkeeper, who told me, You are unwell.She pointed at the salami and bread I was buying and 12, I can make you a sandwich, so you dont have

35、to do it yourself, I nodded, rather timidly. So , she made the 3 and asked me to 14 a moment. She went in the back room and returned with a container of hot soup. “I will 15 you up, “ she said with a broad, genuine 16.What really warmed me up, 17, was not the soup. It was her smile and kindnessthat

36、made me feel 18 when I was particularly lonely. I had been quite 19,but, from that day on, I did not let shyness prevent me from 20 random acts of kindness.语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。伦敦的街角有一个希腊人开的商店。店主让作者感受到 了善意之举的力量，并激励作者去帮助他人。作者搬到城里以后忙于工作，没有认识的朋友， 他感到很孤独。商店店主对他的关心鼓舞使作者克服害羞，主动去帮助他人。作者从帮助他 人中获得了快乐。1. A.braveryB.

37、 politenessC. kindnessD. faith解析考查名词。A.bravery “勇敢”；B.politeness “礼貌”；C.kindness “善良”； D.faith “信仰”。根据 It was the Greek shopkeeper in a small corner shop in London that taught me about the power of an act of which has motivated me to give,可知，是在伦敦一 个小角落里的那个希腊店主教会了我一种善良行为的力量，这激发了我的热情。故选C。答案c2. A.frien

38、dlyB. singleC. unreliableD. honestI解析考查形容词。A.friendly “友好的” ；B.single 单一的；C.unreliable “不可靠 的“ ；D.honest “诚实的”。根据 I was a student. 2and very poor.可知,我是一个学生，单身，而且很穷。故选B。答案B3. A.apartmentB. dreamC. studiesD. pany解析考查名词。A.apartment “部门 ” ；B. dream“梦想；C.studies 学习 ；D pany “公司。根据 I would work early morni

39、ng and late nights to pay for my 3 and I was tired一really tired一all the time.可知，我会在清晨和深夜工作，为我的学习买单，而且 我一直都很累真的很累。故选C。答案c4. A.concernedB. hotC. hungryD. sickI解析考查形容词。A.concerned “关心的 ；B.hot “热的；C.hungry “饥饿的”； D.sick “生病的。根据 On the day I went to that shop for the first time, I was 4 with avery high f

40、ever.可知，在我第一次去那家商店的那天，我发着高烧，病得很重。故选D。答案D5. A.offB. inC. fromD. beyond解析 考查介词。根据 I had been 5 work for a few days, and run out of6. .可知,我失业了几天，吃光了假。故选A。答案A7. A.clothesB.foodC.energyD.hope解析考查名词。A.clothes “衣服” ；B.food 食物；C.energy “精力”；D.hope “希 望”。故选B。答案B8. A.colleaguesB. relativesC. friendsD. parents

41、解析考查名词。A.colleagues “ 同事” ；B.relatives “亲戚”；C.friends “朋友； D.parents “父母”。根据 Having been working so hard since I moved to town, I had no7. nearby who could help.可知,自从我搬到城里以来，我一直在努力工作，我身边 没有朋友可以帮忙。故选C。答案c8. A.clinicB. panyC. Greek shopD. supermarket解析考查名词，A.clinic “诊所”；B pany “公司”；C.Greekshop “希腊商店”；

42、 .supermarket 超市。根据 Normally, I would have gone to the 8, but on this occasion, I went into the Greek shop because it was 9,可知，通常情况下，我会去超市，但在这个场合，我去了希腊商店，因为它离得更近。故选D。答案D9. A.closerB. fartherC. preparedD. reliable解析考查形容词。A.closer “更靠近”；B.farther “更远”；C.prepared “有准备的”； D.reliable 可靠的。故选A。答案A10. A.cam

43、e acrossB. picked upC. wiped outD. put off解析考查动词词组。A.came across “碰巧”；B. picked up ”拾起,偶然学到”； C.wiped out “ 扫除”；D.put off “ 推迟”。根据 I 10 a few items, from the looks of which revealed the 11 that I lived alone .可知,我捡起了一些东西，从它的样子可以看 出我一个人住的事实。故选B。答案B11. A.resultB. giftC. factD. chance解析考查名词。句意见上题解析。A.r

44、esult 结果”；B.gift “礼物”；C.fact “事实； D.chance “机会”。故选 C。答案C12. A.concludedB. imaginedC. guessedD. offered解析考查动词。A.concluded ”得出结论；B.imagined 想象”；C.guessed 猜测”； D.offered “提供”。根据 She pointed at the salami and bread I was buying and 12 I can make you a sandwich, so you dont have to do it yourself,”可知，她指着

45、我买的意大利香肠 和面包说：“我可以给你做一个三明治，这样你就不用自己做了。”故选D。答案D13. A.sandwichB. salamiC. breadD. soup解析考查名词。A.sandwich 三明治；B.salami香肠” ；C.bread “面包”； D.soup “汤” o 根据 So , she made the j 3 and asked me to 14 a moment.所以，她去做三明治，让我等一会儿。故选A。答案A14. A.considerB. sitC. waitD. hold解析考查动词。句意见上题解析。A.consider “考虑；B.sit “坐下”；C.

46、wait ”等 待”；D.hold “握住”。故选C。答案CB - warmD. take15. A.fixC. turn解析考查动词。A.fix “安装，修理”；B.warm “使温暖”；Cturn “转变”； D.take “拿走。根据 “I will 15 you up, she said with a broad, genuine16 .可知,“我要让你暖和起来，”她带着真诚的微笑说。故选B。答案B16. A.cryB. coverC. laughD. smile解析考查名词。句意见上题解析。A.cry “大叫，叫声”；B.cover “覆盖物”； C.laugh “笑声”；D.smi

47、le “微笑”。故选 D。答案D17. A.thoughB. insteadC. tooD. still解析考查副词。A.though “然而”；B.instead “相反”；C.to。“也” ；D.still “仍然”。 根据 What really warmed me up, 17, was not the soup.可知，不过，真正让我感到温暖的不是汤。故选A。答案A18. A.amazedB. caredC. lostD. confused解析考查形容词。A.amazed “感到惊讶的“ ；B.cared “关心的；C.lost “丢失的”； D.confused “困惑的”。根据 It was her smile and kindness that made me feel 18 when I was particularly lonely.可知，当我特别孤独的时候，她的微笑和善良让我感到被关心。故选 Bo答案B19. A.satisfiedB. kindC. honestD. shy解析考查形容词。A.satisfied “感到满意的”；B.kind “和蔼的；C.honest “诚实 的 ；D.shy “害羞的。根据