2020年上海普陀区高三一模英语试卷-学生用卷.docx

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1、2020年上海普陀区高三一模英语试卷学生用卷一、语法填空I、【来源】2020年上海普陀区高三一模第213。题Surprise! A New PenguinA team of scientists in New Zealand recently came across the remains of a previously unknown species of penguinby mistake. The discovery of the Waitaha penguin species, which has been extinct for 500 years, is exciting news

2、 for the scientific community I it gives new insight into how past extinction events can help shape (he present environment.The researchers uncovered the Waitaha penguin remains while studying New Zealands rare yelloweyed penguin. The team wanted to investigate the effects 2 humans have had on the n

3、ow endangered species. They studied centuries-old bones from 3 they thought were yellow-eyed penguins and compared them with the bones of modern yellow-eyed penguins. Surprisingly, some of the bones were older than 4 (expect) . Even more shockingly, the DNA in the bones indicated that they did not b

4、elong to yellow-eyed penguins. The scientists concluded that these very old bones 5 have belonged to a previously unknown species, which they named the Wait aha penguin.By studying the bones, scientists further concluded that the Waitaha penguin was once native 6 New Zealand. But after the setllemen

5、i of humans on the island country, its population 7 (wipe) out.Based on the ages of the bones of both penguin species, the team discovered a gap in time between the disappearance of the Waitaha and the arrival of the yellow-eyed penguin. The time gap indicates that the extinction of the Waitaha peng

6、uin created the opportunity for the yellow-eyed penguin population 8(migrate) to New Zealand.9 yellow-eyed penguins thrived (兴盛)in New Zealand for many years, that species now also faces extinction. The yellow-eyed penguin today is considered one of the worlds 0( rare ) species of penguin, with an e

7、stimated population of 7,000 that is now the focus of an extensive conservation effort in New Zealand.二、选词填空2、【来源】2020年上海普陀区高三一模第314。题Autism Spectrum Disorderapart into millions of pieces, quickly building up speed and turning into fast-moving objects, which arc dangerous to operational satellite as

8、 well as astronauts working on the International Space Station.Space waste is a problem thats escalated so much, some sciemisls sayby 2()5() well be forced lo slop launching new spacecrafl aliogelher, including new salclliie. Think about that for a minute. When the last satellite finally become disu

9、sed, GPS, cell phones, and the Internet will no longer function.So we have lo find a way to deal wilh【his space Rarbaqe, and Daan piciures a sori of eras pickup, which invokes groups small spacecrali casting large nels inlo orbil Ihal would collect space debris (碎片) and send it back toward Earth at

10、10P speed. Heres the best part-while reentering Earths atmosphere, the pieces of junk would burn up all at once, creating a light show similar to hundreds of shooting stars falling in the night sky. A spectacle indeed!To get ready for such an amazing effort, Space Waste Lab has been traveling to maj

11、or cities across Europe and enlightening (he public on the problem of the junk in space. Bui Daan doesnl jusl lalk about ways lo relieve (he problem-hes created something a liltle grander (han (hat. In October 2018. his team launched Space Waste Lab Performance, an outdoor art exhibition that shows

12、the location of each piece of space trash using large lasers that make each debris look a bit like a star wandering slowly and silently over the sky, allowing viewers to wave and say, hallo, space trash!The word obsolete (paragraph 2) is closest in meaning to A. accessibleprofitableB. floatingoutdat

13、edCauseEffects(1) According to the passage, which sentence best replaces the question mark in the diagram?Satellites crash intoother pieces of space.A. Working satel1ite can be damaged and astronauts can be hurt.B. Satellite can help people track the weather and find new locations.C. There is more j

14、unk floating in space each year as new satellite are added.1). The Space Waste Lab Performance can show people where satel 1 ite are located.(2) Which of the following best supports the idea that space waste should be dealt with very soon?A. sentencesSentence B. Sentence Sentence (3) Which of the fo

15、llowing might be the best title of the passage?A. Space Junk Harms Digitai SystemsArtists* Proposal to Save SpaceB. A New Glimpse into Outer SpaceTest of Waste Collection Nets五、六选四7、【来源】2020年上海普陀区高三一模第6770题How Colleges Can Measure Up in Teaching Critical Thinking*After becoming president of pursue U

16、niversity in 2013, match Daniels asked the teaching staff to prove that their students have actually achieved one of higher educations most important goals: critical thinking skills. 1 Mr. Daniels needed to justify the high cost of attending Pursue to its students and their families. After all, the

17、percentage of Americans who say a college degree is very important has fallen dramatically in the iasts5-6 years.Pursue now has a pilot test to assess students critical thinkingskills. 2 However, they need not worry so much. The results of a recent experiment showed that professors could use standar

18、d grading scale to measure how well students did in three key areas: critical thinking, written communication and language literacy.3 The organizers of the experiment concluded that far fewer students were achieving at high levels on critical thinking than they were doing for written communication o

19、r language literacy. And that conclusion is based only on students nearing graduation.American universities, despite their global reputation for excellence in teaching, have only begun to demonstrate what they can produce in real-world learning. Knowledge-based degrees arc still important, but emplo

20、yers arc demanding advanced thinking skills from college graduates. 4If the intellectual worth of a college degree can be accurately measured, more people will seek higher education一and come out better thinkers.A. Two years before, a nationwide study of college graduates had shown that more than a t

21、hird had made no significant gains in such mental abilities during their school years.B. Despite the success of the experiment, the actual results are frustrating, and mostly confirm earlier studies.1) . Many cant reason clearly or perform competently in analyzing complex, nontechnical problems.E. Y

22、et like many college teachers in the U. S., the professors remain doubtful that their work as educators can be measured by a learning outcome such as a graduates abi1ity to investigate and reason.F. It is important to identify the common goals of general higher education and translate them into the

23、design of the learning out comes assessment.六、短文缩写8、【来源】2020年上海普陀区高三一模第71题Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point (s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.New Research on Kids Poor Math AchievementIf the thought of

24、a math test makes you break out in a cold sweat. Mom or Dad may be partly to blame, according to the new research published in Psychological Science.A team of researchers found that children of math-anxious parents learned less math over the school year and were more likely to be math-anxious themse

25、lvesbut only when these parents provided frequent help on the child math homework.Previous research from this group has established that when teachers arc anxious about math, their students learn less math during the school year. The current study is novel in that it establishes a link between paren

26、ts and childrens math anxiety. These findings suggest that adults attitude toward math can play an important role in childrens math achievement.We often dont think about how important parents own attitude are in determining their childrens academic achievement. But our work suggests that if a parent

27、 is walking around saying Oh. I dont like math or this stuff makes me nervous, kids pick up on this messaging and it affects their success, explained Beilock, professor in psychology.Math-anxious parents may be less effective in explaining math concepts to children, and may not respond well when chi

28、ldren make a mistake or solve a problem in a novel way, added Levine, Beilocks colleague.438 first-and second-grade students and their primary caregivers participated in (he study. Children were assessed in math achievement and math anxiety at both the beginning and end of the school year. As a cont

29、rol, the team also assessed reading achievement, which they found was not related to parents math anxiety. Parents completed a questionnaire about their own nervousness and anxiety around math and how often (hey helped their children with math homework.The researchers believe the link between parent

30、s* math anxiety and childrens math performance steins more from math attitude than genetics.七、翻译9、【来源】2020年上海普陀区高三一模第72题翻译后悔虚度光阴有意义吗？(point)10、【来源】2020年上海普陀区高三一模第73题翻译科学家们已证明，“吸猫掐狗”是一种减轻压力的有效方式。(prove)11、【来源】2020年上海普陀区高三一模第74题翻译可能你既不是即凌者也不是受害人，但如果你知道有人正遭受霸凌，不要袖手旁观任其发生。 (bully)12、【来源】2020年上海普陀区高三-模第7

31、5题 何先生买下这座铜像并捐赠给了国家，不仅彰显其令人钦佩的家国情怀，而且还提升了大众保护 文物(relics)的意识。(patriotism)八、书面表达13、【来源】2020年上海普陀区高三一模第76题Directions： Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.如今，许多家长焦虑地守在孩子身边、密切关注孩子一举一动，被称之为“直升机父母 (Helicopter parents),还有扫雪机父母(Snowplow parents)”

32、,轰隆隆地扫除孩子通往成功路 上的所有障碍，让孩子免遭失败、挫折,对此，学校校刊特辟专栏对此进行讨论，请以李华为名 投稿，用身边的例子描述这两类家长，并谈谈对此的看法。1、【答案】because 或 since 或 as;Thai 或 which;What; (had been) expected;must;lo;was wiped;to migrate:Though/2 Although 或 While ;rarest;2、【答案】B;G;J;F;C;I;K;E;D;A;3、【答案】B;A;B;A;C;C;B;A;B;D;B;C;A;C;D;4、【答案】B;A;C;(4) A;5、【答案】(

33、1)B;C;A;6、【答案】(1)D;A;B;(4)B;7、【答案】B;E;C;A;答案】 Different from previous research on the relationship between teachers* anxiety and their students, a new research reveals parents math anxiety undermined their childrens math performance. When the anxious parents help their children with math, their nega

34、tive attitude toward math will be passed on to their children, which indicates that not genetics but attitude account for the kids math performance.9【答案】Is there any point regretting wasting/ having wasted time?10、【答案】 Scientists have proved that petting/raising/playing with cats and dogs is an effe

35、ctive way to rcducc/relieve stress/pressure.11 、 【答案】 Maybe you are neither a bully nor a victim, but if you know someone (who) is being bullied dont stand by and let it happen.12 【答案】 Mr. He bought the bronze statue and donated it to the country, which not only demonstrated/showed his admirable pat

36、riotism but also promoted public awareness of the preservation of cultural relics.13、答案 Nowadays, most of us are very familiar with the concept of helicopter parents, who are anxious to stay by (heir childrens side and pay close attention to their every move. For example, now many parents choose stu

37、dy companion so that they can take better care of their life and study. Now there is a new kind of parents called snowplow parents, who spare no effort to wipe out all the obstacles on their childrens road to success, preventing them from suffer from failures and setbacks. For example, many parents

38、now arrange everything from primary school to college for their children, and even arrange jobs for them before their graduation.I think these two kinds of parents should reflect on their way of love, as both can only make their children lose their independent ability and the spirit of exploration.

39、Each childs life is unique, and no one needs to design it.Autism Spectrum Disorder, or ASD, affects how people communicate with and relate to others. Most people with autism dont understand some of the basic social 1 that others take for granted. They might have trouble making eye contact, holding a

40、 conversation, or recognizing gestures. And over one-third of people with ASD are nonverbal, meaning (hey dont use speech. Along with communication 2 people with autism often like to follow certain patterns or 3 behaviors. Many are sensitive to bright light or loud noises, and others have physical p

41、roblems, like trouble walking or picking up small objects. Some have 4 disabilities, but about half have average or above average IQs. Its also common for people with autism to have a great long-term memory for certain details, and many excel in math, science, music, or art.With such a wide variety

42、of symptoms, no two people with ASD are alike. The behaviors vary so much that they used to be 5 as different disorders. One was Asperger Syndrome, where people obsess over particular topics, 6 nonverbal social cues, and may not understand appropriate social behaviors.Even though theres no cure for

43、ASD, therapy and medication can help people adjust. Scientists are also doing clinical 7 to find other solutions. Theyve learned that 1 out of every 68 children in the US has the disorder, but they still arent sure what causes it. No matter why it happens, ASD is being 8 at a higher rate every year.

44、 This doesnt mean its becoming more common. It just means more people are aware of the condition and getting professional help early, and awareness is 9 . The more we learn about autism, the more we can understand and relate to those who have it.Its important to note that people with ASD deserve the

45、 same respect, fairness and chances that people without ASD receive. This will help people with ASD 10 and grow in our communities.A. adaptconventionsB. classifiedcrucialC. diagnosedintellectualD. issuesI i teraryE. missrepeatedF. trials三、完形填空3、【来源】2020年上海普陀区高三一模第4155题Stage FrightFall down as you co

46、me on stage. Thats an odd trick. Not recommended. But it saved the pianist Felts man when he was a teenager back in Moscow. The experienced cellist Rostropovich tripped him purposely to 1 him of pre-pcrformance panic. Mr. Feltsman said, All my fright was gone. I already fell. What else could happen?

47、Today, music schools are addressing the problem of 2 in classes that deal with performance technique and career preparation. There arc a variety of strategics that musicians can learn to fight stage fright and its symptoms: icy fingers, shake limbs, racing heart, 3 mind.Teachers and psychologists of

48、fer wide-ranging 4 from basics like gleaming pieces inside out, to mental discipline, 5 visualizing a performance and taking steps to relax. Dont deny that youre tense, they urge; some excitementis 6 even necessary fbr dynamic playing. And play in public often, simply fbr the experience.Psychotherap

49、ist Diane Nichols suggests some strategics for the momentsbefore 7 , Take two deep abdominal (腹部)breaths, open up your shoulders, then smile, she says. And not one of these please dont kill me miles. Then choose three friendly faces in the 8 people you would communicate with and make music to, and make eye contact with (h