2022届北京市顺义区高三第二次统练英语试题（解析版）.docx

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1、顺义区2022届高三第二次统练英语试卷第一部分知识运用（共两节，30分）第一节（共10小题；每小题L5分，共15分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在 答题卡上将该项涂黑。I love animals. So when Dr. Vannini said his vet hospital needed help, I was 1.I volunteered to clean up and help in several medical procedures. But the moment I will never 2 came when an em

2、ergency was rushed through the front door.A relriever （寻回犬）was in deep 3. A check-up revealed that she had a baby developing in her bodybut no heartbeat could be detected. It was assumed that her puppy （小狗）had not 4. The retriever wouldneed immediate 5 to save her life. I couldnt take my eyes off Dr

3、. Vanninihands as she stopped the bleeding and repaired the dogs vital organs.Near the end of the surgery, something caught my eye. I thought I saw the 6 puppy move. I couldnt keep still and whispered. The puppy had indeed shown a spark （火花）of life! We 7 took action. Soon, he was up and moving. It w

4、as a（n） 8 feeling to hold this new life in my hands.The experience was especially meaningful for me because a week earlier I had witnessed the 9. the endof life. My beloved dog, Scamper, finally died of a lifelong weakness of heart. He almost 10 it to six.Scamper was a great dog, a true friend, and

5、I will never forget him. Seeing the new puppy and his mother leave the hospital is something I will never forget either.1. A. shockedB. puzzledC. delightedD. depressed2. A. suspectB. forgetC.encounterD. seize3. A. confusionB. thoughtC. sufferingD. sorrow4. A. survivedB. jumpedC. barkedD. waked5. A.

6、supportB. responseC. comfortD. surgery6. A. homelessB. lifelessC. carelessD. faultless7. A. quicklyB. finallyC. softlyD. roughly8 A. ashamedB. formalC. boredD. incredible9. A. eventB. growthC. oppositeD. accident10. A. madeB. gaveC. liftedD. heldto prove to all the other transplant survivors that th

7、ey can do whatever they want in life.(我真的想向所有其他移 植幸存者证明他们可以做任何他们想做的事)”可知，William Flaherty想用自己的故事鼓励其他移植幸存 者,故推知,William Flaherty很乐观。故选D。【27题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了从小患致命疾病的William Flaherty在五岁时爱上了滑雪，通 过自己的努力和坚持，在7年的准备后终于站在了 2022北京冬奥会的起跑线。故D项“战胜疾病带来希 望”可以作为最佳标题。故选D。CAn ageing population is a global phen

8、omenon. Countries are looking for the balm to address the demands of a swelling elderly community.Many nations are threatened by a shortage of healthcare workers because of unenviable tasks such as bathing, feeding and changing the diapers. Advancements in technology now present an innovative soluti

9、on to this. Japan has now developed carcbots, specially-designed robots, to replace human caregivers. Japan is also working at more coordinated care for the elderly within the community which includes the integration of hospitals, homecare, elderly care centres and nursing homes. Putting in place a

10、system that can effectively track and retrieve the medical history of every elderly person, Japan leverages technology to provide quality healthcare for (he seniors.The unique feature about Sweden is that most of the elderly live in (heir own homes where they continue to enjoy living independently.

11、Local governments allocate funds and manage services while citizens have the freedom to choose the type of home services and their service provider. They can apply for homecare services including delivering meals to homes, hanging curtains, changing light bulbs etc. In Sweden, the focus is also on p

12、reventive carekeeping the elderly healthy. The elderly who are ill are not just given medicines but also a specific type of physical activity, where their doctors also monitor (he outcome.Singapore also provides more homecare services and day-care centres where (he older people can go for rehabilita

13、tive and social activities. Besides, the government is creating more dementia-friendly communities, where support comes from the community. Various people within a community like policemen, shopkeepers and other volunteers are trained to assist the elderly with dementia (痴呆).With greater community a

14、wareness and support, it is more plausible for a dementia sufferer to stay at home instead of a nursing home.In our search fbr the best model to meet the demands of a burgeoning ageing population, let us keep in mind that there is no one-size-fits-all solution. What is important is shouldering the r

15、esponsibilities of caring for them and ensuring them to age well and comfortably.28. How does Japan deal with the problem of the shortage of healthcare workers?A. By offering quality healthcare for the seniors.B. By （racking the medical history of every elderly person.C. By developing robots program

16、med with caregiving functions.D. By integrating places like hospitals, homecare, and nursing homes.29. According to the passage, what do Sweden and Singapore have in common?A. Optional care services arc both provided free.B. Independent living is respected and supported.C. Preventive care for the el

17、derly is highly valued.D. Social activities and voluntary help are enjoyed.30. What is （he passage mainly about?A. Models for giving the elderly care.B. Countries with an ageing population.C. Responsibilities of caring for the elderly.D. Demands of a growing elderly comnumity.【2830题答案】【答案】28. C 29.

18、B 30. A【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了在人口老龄化背景下日本、瑞典、和新加坡所采用的养老模式。【28题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段的 “Many nations are threatened by a shortage of healthcare workers because of unenviable tasks such as bathing, feeding and changing the diapers. Japan has now developed carebots, specially- designed robots, to replace human

19、 caregivers.（许多国家都面临医疗_L作者短缺的威胁，因为这些工作都不值 得羡慕，比如洗澡、喂奶和换尿布。日本现在已经开发了专门设计的机器人一carcbots,以取代人类护理 者）”可知，FI本通过开发具有护理功能的机器人来应对医疗工作者短缺的问题。故选C。【29题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段的The unique feature about Sweden is that most of the elderly live in their own homes where they continue to enjoy living independently.（瑞典的独特之处在于，大多

20、数老年人都住在自己的家里， 他们继续享受独立生活）”和第四段的With greater community awareness and support, it is more plausible for a dementia sufferer to stay at home instead of a nursing home.（有了更大的社区意识和支持，痴呆症患者更有可 能呆在家里，而不是疗养院）”可知，瑞典和和新加坡的相似之处是独立生活收到尊重和支持。故选B。【30题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段An ageing population is a global phenomenon. Coun

21、tries are looking for the balm to address the demands of a swelling elderly community.（人口老龄化是一个全球现象。各国都在寻找这种灵丹妙 药，以满足FI益增长的老年群体的需求）”和最后一段的“ In our search forhebesl model to meet【he demands of a burgeoning ageing population, let us keep in mind that there is no one-size-fits-all solution. What is imp

22、ortant is shouldering the responsibilities of caring for （hem and ensuring them to age well and comfortably.（在我们寻求最 佳模式以应付日益增长的老龄化人口的需求时，我们必须牢记，没有放之四海而皆准的解决办法。重要的是 肩负起照顾他们的责任，确保他们健康舒适地老去）”并结合文章第二到第四段分别介绍日本、瑞典和新加 坡应对人口老龄化问题可知，本文主要介绍了在人口老龄化背景下的养老模式。故选A。DAn economist, Adam Smith, famously wrote that “i

23、t is not from the bcncvolcncc （慈善）of the butcher, the brewer or the baker, that we expect our dinner, but from their regard to their own self-interest/ Like Smith, many economists today believe that ones self-interest is what drives competition and growth in market economies. Yet, in an increasingly

24、 interconnected society, it is even more crucial to have collaborative skills. Thus we should encourage cooperation to better prepare children for the future.Firstly, in the present age marked by the transformative potential of technology to facilitate interactions, cooperation is an especially priz

25、ed soft skill to have. As a research study proves, soft skills such as good communication and empathy consist of qualitative indicators of outstanding employees as compared to technical skills or knowledge. In contrast, excessively （过分地）competitive and individualistic behaviour may fraclure social r

26、elations in the community of co-workcrs and since no man is an island, even the most competent employee will not be able to pursue his goals effectively without the help of others who arc able to share a common vision and understanding.Moreover, encouraging cooperation increase a healthy sense of se

27、lf-esteem in children that better prepares them for the competitive working world. Many modern societies today are consumed by an obsessive drive for success and the pressure to perform has infiltrated both classrooms and offices alike. The consequences of the fierce competitive culture include high

28、er rates of anxiety and depression among university students and office workers, which are all counterproductive. Teamwork can help a maturing individual realise that each has his or her own unique set of abilities to bring to the table and that another persons strengths do not in any way diminish （

29、降 （氐）the value of his or her talents. Thus, cooperation can affirm the self-worth of children by correcting the violent insight that winning or paper achievement is an exclusive （唯一）measure of success in life.However, critics may claim that in a cutthroat world, adapting to competition should be of

30、supreme priority in education and parenting. To achieve ones deepest ambitions, such as to become a medical student, or to create a lech start-up, one has to adopt competition by actively fighting for opportunities and distinguishing oneself from others. Neverlheless, since passion can already stimu

31、late children (o work hard (o fulfill their ambitions, (he need (o encourage competition may be at the end of the day. As much as external competition can drive people to pursue excellence, internal motivation is at least equally or arguably even more essential, and collaboration plays an instnnncnt

32、al role in helping one uncover ones tendency and motivations.31. What can be inferred from Adam Smiths words?A. Our society is increasingly interconnected.B. Our dinner is made out of the regards to markets.C. Self-interest pushes the development of economies.D. The butcher, the brewer or the baker

33、is not sympathy.32. What does the underlined word fracture” mean in paragraph 2 probably mean?A. Deepen.B. Establish.C. Maintain.D. Damage.33. Which of the following might the author agree with?A. Paper achievement is an exclusive measure of success.B. Confidence and ambitions can be achieved throug

34、h cooperation.C Actively fighting for distinguishing oneself is a healthy competition.D. Competition is not essential for people to pursue excellence.34. What is the authors purpose of writing this passage?A. To introduce parents the advantages of cooperation.B. To inform parents to balance cooperat

35、ion and competition.C. To persuade parents to care about their childrens education.D. To tell parents to encourage their children to learn to cooperate.【3134题答案】【答案】31. C 32. D 33. B 34. D【解析】【导语】这是一篇议论文。文章从三个方面陈述了合作精神对孩子的重要性，并呼吁父母鼓励他们的孩子学 会合作。31题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段的 “Like Smith, many economists today be

36、lieve that ones self-interest is what drives competition and growth in market economies.(像史密斯一样，今天的许多经济学家认为，在市场经济中，个人 利益是推动竞争和增长的因素）”可知，像史密斯一样，今天很多经济学家认为个人利益是推动经济增长的 因素。由此推知，史密斯的那句话 “it is not from the benevolence （慈善）of the butcher, the brewer or the baker, that we expect our dinner, but from their

37、 regard to their own self-interest.（我们期待晚餐，不是因为屠夫、酿酒商 或面包师的仁慈，而是因为他们对自身利益的考虑）”意在说明个人利益推动经济的发展。故选C。【32题详解】词句猜测题。根据第二段的As a research study proves, soft skills such as good communication and empathy consist of qualitative indicators of outstanding employees as compared to technical skills or knowledge一

38、项研究 表明，与技术技能或知识相比，良好的沟通和同理心等软技能构成了优秀员工的质量指标）”结合incontrast 可知，下文内容应与上文形成对比。由此猜测划线部分所在句子“excessively （过分地）competitive and individualistic behaviour may fracture social relations in the community of co-workers and since no man is an island 意为“过度竞争和个人主义行为可能会破坏同事社区中的社会关系”，即fraclure意为“破坏，与damage 同义。故选D。【3

39、3题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段的 Moreover, encouraging cooperation increase a healthy sense of self-esteem in children that better prepares them for the competitive working world.（此外，鼓励合作能增进儿童的健康自尊感, 使他们更好地为竞争激烈的工作世界做好准备）”和最后一段的“Nevertheless, since passion can already stimulate children to work hard to fulfill the

40、ir ambitions, the need to encourage competition may be at the end of the day. As much as external competition can drive people to pursue excellence, internal motivation is at least equally or arguably even more essential, and collaboration plays an instrumental role in helping one uncover ones tende

41、ncy and motivations4然而，既然激情已经能激励孩子们努力工作以实现他们的雄心壮志，鼓励竞争的需要可能是 在一天结束的时候。就像外部竞争可以驱使人们追求卓越一样，内部动机至少是同等重要的，甚至可以说更 重要，合作在帮助人们发现自己的倾向和动机方面发挥了重要作用）”推知，作者认为信心和雄心可以通过 合作来实现。故选B。【34题详解】推理判断题。通读全文可知，文章主要说明了培养合作精神对孩子的重要性：是种非常重要的软技能，能 帮助孩子建立信心，有助于孩子实现雄心。结合第一段的“Yet, in an increasingly inlerconnected sociely, il is

42、 even more crucial to have collaborative skills. Thus wc should encourage cooperation to better prepare children for the future.（然而，在一个日益相互关联的社会中，拥有协作技能更为关键。因此，我们应该鼓励合作，让儿 童更好地为未来做好准备）”推知，作者写这篇文章的目的是呼吁父母鼓励他们的孩子学会合作。故选D。 第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。When

43、you need to find a solution to a design problem, you could ask yourself “What animals or plants face a similar problem in their lives, and how do they handle it? 35 Termites （白蚁）in Africa control the temperature and air currents in their nests by having thick walls and air spaces in the top part. Th

44、e Eastgate Centre in Harare, Zimbabwe was designed in a similar way, with thick overhangs shading the windows, and all （he offices connected to a big chimney letting hot air escape. This allows it to stay cool while using much less air- conditioning. 36Engineer Nakatsu also asked himself the same qu

45、estion. 37 A keen birdwatcher, Nakatsu realised that kingfishers also experience an abrupt pressure change when diving into the water, but their beaks allow them to pierce through the water smoothly. His team found that putting a long, pointed nose on the train greatly reduced the loud booms in the

46、tunnel and allowed it to run faster.Having a big picture of the world we live in also helps us understand how technology can be used to protect instead of destroy it. 38 On the other hand, plastic packaging creates a lot of waste and pollution. One company has come up with an alternative material ma

47、de of com husk waste and some big companies arc starting to use it.39 Nakatsu worries that children today do not have （he opportunity to touch and feel nature. He advises that students in university should study more than one narrow field so that they do not just have one fixed way of thinking.B. In

48、 nature, everything gets recycled.C. To mimic （模彳方）nature, we must be familiar with it.D. It turns out that natural beauty often has a logical reason behind it.E. Large cities full of people arc often compared to ants colonics （群）.F. This idea was used to aiTange hundreds of mirrors a（ a solar power

49、 plant.G. It could be a good solution for the hot and crowded cities in Southeast Asia too.H. His problem was that the pressure from a bullet train rushing into a tunnel at high speed caused loud noises. 【3539题答案】【答案】35. D 36. F 37. G 38. A 39. B【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了人们可以从大自然中吸取灵感，以便用更环保的方式解决我们所 面临的问题。【35题详解】根据上文 “When you need t