2021-2022学年陕西省渭南市蒲城中学高一（上）期末英语试卷（附答案详解）.docx

《2021-2022学年陕西省渭南市蒲城中学高一（上）期末英语试卷（附答案详解）.docx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《2021-2022学年陕西省渭南市蒲城中学高一（上）期末英语试卷（附答案详解）.docx（18页珍藏版）》请在淘文阁 - 分享文档赚钱的网站上搜索。

1、202L2022学年陕西省渭南市蒲城中学高一（上）期末英语试卷ALondon UndergroundThe London Underground rail network, also callednthe Tube，is a great way to travel to, from and aroundcentral London.Read advice on how to master the London Underground public transport.Tube ZonesThe London Underground rail network is divided into ni

2、ne zones.Zone I is in central London and zones 6to 9 are on the outskirts of the city.There are 11 Tube lines.Tube PricesBuy a Visitor Oyster card, Oyster card, Travelcard or use a contactless （非接触式的） payment card toget the best value as cash is the most expensive way to pay.An adult cash fare（费用）on

3、 the London metrofor a single journey in zone 1 is 4.90.The same Tube fare with Visitor Oyster card, Oyster card orcontactless payment card is 2.40.If you plan on travelling around London to do some sightseeing and visitsome of Londons best attractions, why not get a London Pass and save even more m

4、oney?Opening and Closing TimesLondon Underground opening times vary from line to line, but the first London subway trains normallystart running around 5 am, from Monday to Saturday, with reduced operating hours on Sunday.Avoidtravelling during rush hours （weekdays, 7-9 am and 5.30-7 pm） if at all po

5、ssible.London metro trainsnormally run until around midnight.A 24-hour underground service operates on certain lines.Check withstaff at the particular tube station you plan on using to find out exactly when the last train runs.1. Which of the following tube zones is on the outskirts of London ? A. Z

6、one 1.B. Zone 5.C. Zone 8.D. Zone 11.2. Which way is the most expensive to pay tube fare? A. Using Travelcard.B. Using Cash.C. Using London Pass.D. Using Visitor Oyster card.3. What do we know about London Underground times? A. The tube closes on Sunday.B. No lines in the tube run 24 hours.C. The op

7、erating hours are the same every day.D. The opening times are different from line to line.细节理解题。根据第四段中 The winters can be very dark and cold,so the Swedish people do not take any sunny day for granted.Since the weather has been fine,I have found myself walking a lot around Stockholm.Often it is easi

8、est to get from place to place by walking,which allows you to see so much of the city and enjoy the fresh air.冬天又黑又冷，所以瑞典人不会把任何晴天当作理所当然的事情。由于 天气一直很好，我发现自己在斯德哥尔摩周围走了很多路。通常，从一个地方到另一个地方走路 是最容易的，这可以让你看到城市的很多地方，享受新鲜空气。可知，作者喜欢散步，是因为散 步可以让她享受阳光明媚的日子。故选C。4. 推理判断题。根据最后段中 As long as you keep an open mind and

9、are willing to learn,you will have a great experience.只要你保持开放的心态，愿意学习，你就会有很棒的经历。由此可推断作者建议 出国的学生保持开放的心态。选项A.Be conEdent要自信。B.Be careful小心点。C.Be open-minded 心胸开阔。D.Be hard-working 努力工作。故选 C。811 .【答案】B、A、C、D【解析】【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了一项研究发现，英国许多年轻人的职业抱负 和现实工作之间脱节和存在差距，呼吁年轻人的目标需要现实一点。1 .根据第二段中“Research by t

10、he charity Education and Employers suggests five times as many 17 and 18 year-olds in the UK want to work in art, culture, entertainment and sport than there are jobs.（慈善机 构”教育与雇主”开展的一项调查显示，在英国，希望从事艺术、文化、娱乐和体育工作的17、18 岁年轻人的数量是就业岗位数量的5倍。）”和第三段At the same time, there is a shortfall of young people wan

11、ting to work in careers such as catering and retail （零售）.（与此同时,想要在诸如餐饮 和零售业就业的年轻人是有缺口的）可知，服务行业需要更多的人工作。A. Sport运动；B.Service industry 服务业；C. Art & culture 艺术与文化；D. Entertainment 娱乐。故选 B。2 .根据划线词所在的句子 Previous research about the career ambitions of young people by the Office for National Statistics al

12、so found a nreality gapn between their dreams and the sometimes disappointing truth by the time they reached their early to late-20s.此前，英国国家统计局对年轻人职业抱负的研究 也发现，当他们年满20岁时，他们的梦想与有时令人失望的事实之间存在“现实差距”。可知，理 想和理想之间存在差距，由此可知划线词reality gap意为”理想与现实”。A. ambition and reality野 心与现实；B. males and females 男性和女性；C. t

13、heory and practice 理论与实践；D. the past and the present过去和现在。故选A。3 .根据最后一段It also calls for improved career advice in secondary schools.它还呼吁改善中学的职业建议。”可知 A 正确；根据最后一段This latest report suggests that children need to be made more aware of a wider variety of occupations at a younger age.这份最新的报告表明，需要让孩子们在更

14、年 轻的时候更多地了解各种各样的职业。”可知B正确；根据最后一段Although its good to have ambitions, the aims of young people need to be realistic.虽然有抱负是好事，但年轻人的目标必须现实。 ”可知D正确；文中并未提及C项。故选C。4 .根据第二段Today, in the UK at least, young people are being warned that some of their career hopes and dreams don*t match the types of jobs avail

15、able.如今，至少在英国，年轻人被警告说，他们的一些 职业希望和梦想与现有的工作类型不匹配。以及最后一段Although its good to have ambitions, the aims of young people need to be realistic.虽然有抱负是好事，但年轻人的目标必须现实。”可知文章 讲述了一项研究发现，英国许多年轻人的职业抱负和现实工作之间脱节和存在差距，呼吁年轻人 的目标需要现实一点。所以“D.Unrealistic Career Ambitions in Britain”作为题目最合适。故选D。1215.【答案】B、D、D、A【解析】【文章大意】本

16、文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了今天的个人电脑与二战期间诞生的巨大机 器有很大的不同。1 .主旨大意题。根据第一段 Todays personal computers are very different from the huge machines that were born during World War II-and the difference isnt only in their size.By the 1970s, these early PCs. 可知，本段主要讲述了现在的电脑和早期的个人电脑之间的不同。故选C。2 .细节理解题。根据第二段 One of the first and

17、 most famous of these,. was built at the University of Pennsylvania.（其中最早也是最著名的一台计算机，是在宾夕法尼亚大学制造的）可知，最早的 计算机是由大学建造的。故选D。3 .推理判断题。根据第三段ENIAC and other early computers proved that the machines were worth so much money, space and manpower they needed. For example, ENIAC could solve in 30 seconds a prob

18、lem that could take a team of human ncomputersn 12 hours to complete. （ENIAC 和其他早期的计 算机证明了这些机器是值得花费钱、空间和人力的。例如，ENIAC可以在30秒内解决一个问题， 这个问题可能需要一组人类“计算机”12小时才能完成。）可知，作者要以ENIAC为例证明在早期 电脑上花钱是有意义的。故选D。4 .细节理解题。根据倒数第二段 But one of the most important of the inventions that make way for the PC revolution was th

19、e microprocessor （彳散处理器）.Microprocessors were the size of a nail. They could run the computers programs, remember information and manage data （数据）all by themselves.（但是， 为PC革命让路的最重要的发明之一是微处理器，微处理器只有钉子那么大，它们可以自己运行 计算机程序、记忆信息和管理数据。）可知，微处理器对微型计算机的贡献最大。故选A。162（） .【答案】E、G、C、D、A【解析】36 E 细节题.根据文章内容，Just fin

20、d a note card, write something by hand, and then mail it 找到一个卡片并且在上面手写一些东西再邮寄出去，选项EThis will really stand out in your friend*s mailbox说明你寄出去的手写卡片会是相当的独特的，与 众不同的.符合文意，故选E37. G细节题.根据文章内容，Many people call up friends only when they need something. The problem with this is it makes it look a s if you don

21、t really care about your friends有点人会在他们需要帮助的时候才找朋友，感觉他们一点 都不关心朋友，选项 GRemember to call up friends or send an email to see how they are doing.提醒 人们平时也要打电话发邮件关心朋友，结合选项，故选G.38. C 细节题. 根据后文,Just a few minutes every month can make a difference in your friendship. 只 需要打几分钟电话就可以使你的友情大不一样，选项CThe phone calls

22、don!t have to be long通话时间不需要太长，起到承上的作用，结合选项，故选C 39. D细节题.根据文章内容，Put some thought into the gifts you give a friend.花点心思在你给朋 友的礼物上，选项DThe presents dont have to be large or expensive你送的礼物不需要多贵重，心意 最重要，符合文意，故选D40. A 细节题. 根据后文，Learn how to argue in a healthy way and work through the issues in your friend

23、ship.学会用一个好的方式来解决问题，选项ATalk things out当有问题时要说出来，并找到 解决办法才能使友谊持久.结合选项，故选A本文主要讲述了一些使友谊长存促进友谊的方式，比如常给朋友打电话，制作有意义的礼物等. 做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语 句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案.推理判断题也是要在抓住关键句子的基础上合理的分 析才能得出正确答案，切忌胡乱猜测，一定要做到有理有据.2140.【答案】C、B、A、B、C、D、A、C、C、B、C、D、A、B、C、A、D、B、A、C 【解析】(1)考查动词及语境理解。A.see看

24、到；B.enjoy喜欢；C.buy买；D.sell卖。根据下文”D。you want to buy a fine watch, sir”可知这个美国人很想买块金表，故答案为Co(2)考查连词及语境理解。A.so因此;B.but但是；C.or或者;D.and和。根据下文”T理American hesitated for moment.”可知这个美国人犹豫了，因为虽然他很喜欢这块表，但是店主要的价格很高， 故答案为B。(3)考查介词及语境理解。A.for为了; B.of的；C.with和；Don在上面。他看到了一 块他喜欢的手表，但是店主要价高达500美元。此处表示对这块手表的要价，应用介词for

25、,故答 案为A。(4)考查动词及语境理解。A.stole偷；B.snatched抢夺；C.robbed抢劫;D.took带走。根据后文 ran away with it”可知小偷抢了表,就跑了,故答案为B。(5)考查名词及语境理解。A.table桌子；B.bag书包；C.hand手；D.pocket衣袋。根据上文 the owner of the shop asked as much as five hundred U.S dollars 可知店主正在给这个美国人出价，因 此手里拿着表，小偷从店主的手里抢夺了表，故答案为C。(6)考查名词及语境理解。A.months月；B.hours小时；C.

26、days天；D.seconds秒。根据常识，小 偷从店主手里抢表发生在几秒钟内，故答案为D。(7)考查名词及语境理解。A.shopke叩er店主；B.policeman警察；C.American美国人；D.assistant 助手。根据常识，自己的表被抢了，会尽力去追，因此店主跑了出去，故答案为A。(8)考查动词及语境理解。A.missed错过；B.lost丢失；C.gone消失；D.seen看到。句意：当店 主跑出去追小偷时，小偷已经消失在人群中，故答案为C。(9)考查动词及语境理解。A.saw看到；B.caught抓住;C.recognized认出;D.seized抓住。根据 上文” Th

27、e American went on .”可知这个美国人继续追小偷，因此在墙角处，认出了小偷，故答案为 Co(10)考查形容词及语境理解。A.another另一个的；B.the stolen被偷的；C.anew一个新的；D.a nice 个好的。根据前文 Suddenly a young man came into the shop, (4)the watch out of the owners (5), and ran away with it.可知突然一个年轻人走进商店，从店主手里抢走了手表，然后带着它跑了。说 明小偷手里拿着被偷的表，故答案为B。(11)考查动词及语境理解。A.expla

28、ined解释；B.shouted喊叫；C.whispered低声说；D.cried哭。 根据常识，小偷的表是抢来的，因此他小声说，故答案为C。(12)考查副词及语境理解。A.right正确地;B.just只是；C.exactly准确地;D.only仅仅。根据上 文the owner of the shop asked as much as five hundred U.S dollars”可知,店主要价 500 美元，止匕处 小偷说仅仅100美元，强调表很便宜，故答案为D。(13)考查动词及语境理解。A.didnt know不知道；B.knew知道；C.didrft notice没有注意到；

29、D.noticed注意到。句意：这个美国人想，很明显小偷不知道他看到小偷抢表了。故答案为A。(14)考查名词及语境理解。A.house房子；B.hotel酒店；C.home家；D.shop商店。根据上文An American who was travelling in England went into a shop in London.”可知一个在英国旅行的美国人走 进伦敦的一家商店。说明这个美国人在伦敦旅行，因此住在旅馆里，故答案为B。(15)考查动词及语境理解。A.talking聊天；B.saying说;C.telling告诉;D.showing展示。诡计 下句His friend to

30、ok a look at the watch可知他的朋友看了看手表。说明这个美国人认为100美元买 了这块表，自己省了很多钱，因此禁不住告诉他的朋友这一切，故答案为C。(16)考查名词及语境理解。A.luck运气；B.story故事；C.watch手表；D.experience经历。这个 美国人低价买了表，认为自己的运气好，故答案为A。(17)考查动词及语境理解。A.enjoyed喜欢；B.appreciated欣赏;C.cried哭；D.laughed大笑。根 据下句You，ve been made a (18) of.可知你被愚弄了。说明这个美国人的朋友仔细看了看这块表并 且笑了，故答案为

31、D。(18)考查名词及语境理解。A.joke笑话；B.fool愚弄；C.fun乐趣；D.trick诡计。句意：你被愚 弄了。make a fool of愚弄，固定短语。故答案为B。(19)考查副词和固定短语及语境理解。A.even甚至；B.less than少于；C.more than多于；D.only 仅仅。句意：这块表甚至都不值10美元。故答案为A。(20)考查动词及语境理解。A.sold卖；B.did做；C.planned计划；D.considered考虑。句意：我 确定，店主和小偷是一起计划好的。故答案为C。本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一个美国人去英国伦敦旅行被骗的故事。在一家店里他想

32、买老金 表，结果金表在拿出来的瞬间被抢，他追在小偷后面，小偷用五分之一的钱即100美元把那个表 卖给他，最后当他告诉他的朋友这件事时，才发现他被骗了，那个表不值10美元。完形填空题的命题趋势解题步骤：1 ,通读全文，理解大意。重视首句信息，跳过空格，浏览全文，从整体上感知全文，理解文章大 意，这是解题的基础。2 .瞻前顾后，避难就易。在理解文章大意的情况下，结合各选项的意义和用法，遵循先易后难的 原则，先解决那些自己有把握的问题。对少数难题，暂时跳过，或许在上文中难以判断的题在下 文中就有暗示或者明显的提示，或许一个在前面不能解答的题在填出了另一空后会令你豁然开朗。3 .复读全文，解决残敌。借

33、助已经补全的空格，对全文有了更清楚的理解，可以集中解决所遗留 的少数疑难问题。4.再次复读，弥补疏漏，全部做好后，务必要结合自己选择的答案重新阅读短文内容，确保全文 文意连贯。41 ,【答案】【小题 1 While/Although/Though【小题2】playing【小题3】named【小题4】 was taken【小题5】luckily【小题6】injury【小题7】worried【小题8 saying【小题9 why【小题10 that【解析】81. While/Although/Though ,考查连词,根据句意”虽然那天晚上我没看见他，但我听 见他在卧室里放他最喜欢的CD”，可知用

34、While/Although/Though引导让步状语从句.82. playing,考查现在分词，hear sb doing听见某人在做某事.83. named,考查过去分词，lady和name之间是被动关系，所以用过去分词作后置定语.84. was taken,考查被动语态，she和take之间是被动关系，又指昨天，所以用过去时态的被动 语态.85. luckily,考查副词，修饰句子，用副词.86. injury,考查名词,any”任何的，后跟单数名词.87. worried,考查固定搭配,be worried about担心,表示父母一直担心Justin.88. saying,考查现在分

35、词，they和say之间是主动关系，所以用现在分词作伴随状语.89. why,考查定语从句，先行词为reason,在定语从句中作原因状语，所以用why引导.90. that,考查结果状语从句，sothat如此以致于，that引导结果状语从句.本文讲述的是Justin失踪以后我的担忧和思念之情，以及爸爸妈妈寻找他的努力.本题主要考查了用单词或短语的适当形式填空.做本题的关键是在理解短文的基础上，灵活运用 所学的基础知识.本题考到的知识点有：固定的短语，词类的转换，名词的复数形式，副词以及 祈使句的用法等.因此，这就需要在平时的学习中，牢固掌握各语言点及一些语法知识.42 .【答案】In my o

36、pinions it is useful for people to learn from the past. As A result, knowledge can be kept andpass from generation to generation. It brought our life convenience because of people have grasped rich knowledge. At the same time, learning from the past helps us avoid make the same mistakes a second ti

37、me. People have gone through wars and diseases again and again. Perhaps many of these similarly expe riences can be prevented. Therefore, if we look at the patterns of history but learn from our past failure, you will have a more peaceful world. Thus, we believe our world is becoming good than what

38、it is.详解：1. opinions - opinion.考查名词的数.句意：在我看来，向过去学习是很有用的.根据固定搭配 in my opinion （就我而言）,应用名词单数opinion.故将opinions改为opinion.2. 在result前面加a.考查冠词.句意：因此，知识可以保存下来并代代相传.As a result （结果、 因此），固定短语.故在result前面加a.3. pass 一 passed.考查过去分词.句意：因此，知识可以保存下来并代代相传.主语knowledge 和谓语动词pass之间是被动关系，应用被动语态（be +过去分词），此处应用过去分词kept

39、,整个 谓语结构为 can be kept and passed.故将 pass 改为 passed.4. brought - brings或在brought前面加has.考查动词时态.句意：它给我们的生活带来了方便， 因为人们掌握了丰富的知识.由语境可知，此处既可用一般现在时表示事实，主语It是单数，主 谓一致，谓语也用单数，即brings；又可用现在完成时表过去发生的事对现在产生的影响，主语 It是单数，主谓一致，谓语也用单数，即has brought.故将brought改为brings或在brought前面加 has.5. 去掉。f.考查连词.句意：它给我们的生活带来了方便，因为人们掌握

40、了丰富的知识.because of 是介词短语，后面接名词（短语）、代词或动名词，此处后面people have grasped rich knowledge 是一个完整的句子，应用连词because引导原因状语从句，故去掉。make-making.考查动名词.句意：同时，从过去学习帮助我们避免再次犯同样的错误.动词 avoid后面接动词的ing形式，avoid doing sth避免干某事，此处应用动名词making,故将make改 为 making.7.similarly-similar.考查形容词.句意:也许许多类似的经历是可以避免的.此处应用形容词 similar 作定语修饰名词 ex

41、periences.故将 similarly 改为 similar.8. but - and.考查连词.句意：因此，如果我们看历史的模式，并且从我们过去的失败中吸取教 训，我们就会有一个更加和平的世界.look at the patterns of history 和 learn from our past failure 是 并列结构，应用并列连词and.故将but改为and.9. you - we.考查代词.句意：因此，如果我们看历史的模式，并且从我们过去的失败中吸取教 训，我们就会有一个更加和平的世界.if引导的条件状语从句主语是we,用了形容词性物主代词 our,主句中人称应与前面保持

42、一致，主语用we.故将you改为we.10. good-better.考查比较级.句意：因此，我们相信我们的世界正在变得比现在更好.由比较 级的标志than可知，此处应用比较级better.故将good改为better.【解析】这是一篇议论文.文章从几个方面论述了从过去中学习对人们是有用的.本题考查短文改错.要求熟练掌握重要词类的功能用法，熟悉相关词类的容易考点，注意语法知 识点考查，如人称代词，从句的引导词，名词单复数，对全文时态的把握，固定词语搭配以及习 惯用语等情况.43.【答案】With the Spring Festival approaching, the Students* Un

43、ion of our school organized a thorough cleaning o n the campus last Friday afternoon to greet the new year.【高分句型一】We took an active part in it.（活 动目的）Firstly we were divided into several groups. Then we began to work immediately. Some were sweeping t he floor and stairs. Some were cleaning the doors

44、 and windows. Some were weeding the gardens. Others were picking up the rubbish in the neglected corners. We worked so hard that we finished the work quic kly. Seeing the tidy and clean campus, all of us smiled.【高分句型二】（活动情况）Tired but happy, we had a meaningful afternoon. I believe we will make great

45、 progress studying and livi ng in such a beautiful school.（个人感受）【解析】高分句型一：With the Spring Festival approaching, the Students1 Union of our school organized a thorough cleaning o n the campus last Friday afternoon to greet the new year.译文：随着春节的临近，上周五下午，我校学生会在校园组织了一次大扫除，迎接新年的到来。 分析：这句话使用with复合结构。高分句型二

46、：Seeing the tidy and clean campus, all of us smiled.译文：看到整洁干净的校园，我们都笑了。分析：这句话使用现在分词作状语。这是一篇提纲类作文，需要写的内容已经给出，但是写作时不要仅仅对要点进行生硬的翻译，而 是要添加些内容，使文章看起来更充实，要组成一篇通顺连贯的短文，一定要谈谈自己的看法。 需要注意紧扣文章主题，给出的要点都需要包括，缺一不可。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文 意思连贯，符合逻辑关系，不能出现文章脱节问题。尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注 意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。同时注意要求的字数，不要太多也不要太少

47、。BBefore moving to StokholmJ did my research on Sweden and was confident about my move.However,1 quickly realized on my first day that so much of what I learned was so very wrong.There are many things that a Google search cannot show about Sweden.The first is fika.A fika is taking a break from whate

48、ver you are doing to enjoy a coffee with friends.Swedes value community highly so it makes sense that they would like to set aside time each day to reconnect with others.Fika is a great time to meet new people as well as catch up with friends.I grew up in the American South where everyone is very fr

49、iendly.I found that little things like not being asked my life story at the coffee shop by the waiter upset me.However,Swedish people are not rude.Instead,they practice being logom,which means just enough.The winters can be very dark and cold,so the Swedish people do not take any sunny day for granted.Sin