高考英语语法精讲精练精析-倒装句.docx

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1、专题十三倒装句英语最基本的语序是主语在前，谓语动词在后。但有时由于句子结构的需要或表示强调，就 要采用倒装形式。一、全部倒装全部倒装是指将句子中的谓语动词全部置于主语之前。此结构通常只用与一般现在时和i般 过去时。常见的结构有：1 . here, there, now, then, thus 等副词置于句首，谓语动词常用 be, come, go, lie, run。There goes (he bell.铃响了。2 .表示运动方向的副词或地点状语置于句首，谓语是表示运动的动词。In came the teacher.老师进来 了。注意：上述全部倒装的句型的主语必须是名词，如果主语是人称代词则

2、不能完全倒装。Here he comes.他来了。3 .表地点的词语置于句首或强调地点概念时用全部倒装。On the table were some flowers.桌子上有一些花。二、部分倒装部分倒装是指将谓语的一部分如助动词或情态倒装至主语之前。如果句中的谓语没有助动词 或情态动词，则需添加助动词do, does或did,并将其置于主语之前。常见的情况有：1 .带有否定意义的词或短语放在句首，语序需要部分倒装。常见的词语有：not, never, seldom, scarcely, barely, little, at no time, not only, not once, under

3、no condition, hardly. when, no sooner. than., not until.等。Neither will theory do without practice, nor will practice do without theory.理论离不开实践，实 践也离不开理论。Not only did he refuse the gift, he also severely criticized the sender.他不仅拒收 了 礼品，还狠狠 批评了送礼的人。注意：当not until引出主从复合句时，主句倒装，从句不倒装。The mother didnt le

4、ave the room until the child fell asleep.妈妈直到孩子睡着才离开房间。只有当not only. but also连接两个分句时，才在第1个分句用倒装结构。如果置句首的 not only.but also仅连接两个并列词语，不可用倒装结构。Not only you but also I am fond of music.我和你都喜欢音乐。2 .表示“也;也不”的so, neither, nor放在句首时，句子要部分倒装。Tom can speak French. So can Jack.Tom 会说法语,Jack 也会。If you wont go, ne

5、ither will I.如果你不去，我也不去。注意：当s。引出的句子用于对上文内容加以证实或肯定时，不可用倒装结构，意为“的确如 此Il*s raining hard.雨下得很大。一So it is.的确很大。3 . only放在句首，强调状语（副词，介词短语或状语从句等），全句语序要部分倒装。Only in this way can you work out the problem.只有用这种方法你才能解决问题。注意：如果句子为主从复合句，则主句倒装，从句不倒装Only when he is seriously ill, docs he ever stay in bed.他只有病得非常严重

6、时才会卧床休息。三、as, though引导的倒装句as/though引导的让步从句必须将表语或状语提前（形容词，副词，分词，实义动词提前）。 此时应注意：1）句首名词不能带任何冠词；2）句首是实义动词，其他助动词放在主语后。 如果实义动词有宾语和状语，随实义动词一起放在主语之前。Hero as he is, he still has shortcomings.尽管他是一个英雄，但是他也有缺点。Much as I like it,门1 not buy it.尽管我很喜欢它，但我不会买。四、其他部分倒装so / such.that句型中的so位于句首时,需倒装。So frightened was

7、 he （hat he did not dare to move an inch.他害怕得动都不敢动。Such great progress did he make that he was praised.他取得了如此大的进步以至于受到J,表扬。2 .在某些表示祝愿的句型中。May you all be happy.望大家开心愉快。3 .在虚拟语气条件句中从句谓语动词有were, had, should等词时，可.将if省略，把were, had, should移到主语之前，采取部分倒装。Were I you, I would try it again.如果我是你，我就再试一次。高考真题探究（

8、一）【全国卷 I 28】Only when he reached the lea-house it was the same place hed been in last year.A. he realizedB. he did realize C. realized heD. did he realize【答案】D【考点】本题考察倒装句。【解析】Only引导的状语从句位于句首，应把主句中动词的助动词提前构成部分倒装。【福建卷 29 Its nice. Never before such a special drink!-Im glad you like it.A.I have hadB. I

9、 had C. have I had D. had I【答案】C【考点】考查时态及倒装。【解析】never是否定副词，置于句首，句子要部分倒装；由语意可知说话人以前从未喝过 这样特别的饮料，应该用现在完成时，故选C项。【湖南卷 32】Only after they had discussed the matter for a few hours a decisionA. they reachedB. did they reach C. they reachD. do they reach【答案】B【考点】本题考察only前置的倒装句。【解析】Only引导状语从句前置，主句主谓要部分倒装。又因为

10、从前文中的“had discussed” 判断出是过去时间，故选B：句意：只有在他们讨论这个问题好几个小时之后他们才作出决 定。K 10 3工刃:3 Is everyone here? Not yetLook , there the rest of our guests!A. come B. comes C. is coming D. are comingR答案1 AR考点1倒装句R解析1谓语动词根据后面的主语K 10 四川If you have a job,yourself to it and finally youll succeed.A. do devoteB. dont devote

11、C. devotingD. not devotingR答案X AR考点X考查谓语动词的强调及“祈使句+and+将来时句子”的固定搭配。K解析1此处应是祈使句，又有谓语动词的强调要借助助动词do,故选Ao句意为：”如果 你有了一份工作，付出努力去做它，最后你定能成功。”E10 四川 W We laugh at jokes, but seldomabout how they work.A. we think B. think we C. we do think D. do we thinkR答案1 DK考点1考查倒装。K解析seldom为否定副词放句首，用部分倒装，故选Do句意为“我们因笑话而笑，

12、但很 少去思考笑话怎样让我们笑。”K10陕西 2 John opened the door . There he had never seen before.A. a girl did stand B. a girl stood C. did a girl stand D. stood a girlI1答案H DK考点】考查特殊句式。工解析Here, There, Thus, Then等副词位于句首，且当句子的主语是名词时，句子用全部倒 装句,选DoK 10 江西Not until he left his home to know how important the family was fo

13、r him.A did he beginB had he begun C he beganD he had begunI1答案H AK考点1考查倒装。工解析not until放在句首要用部分倒装，翻译为直到，所以begin发生在left之后或同时发 生K 10 重庆 2 At the meeting place of the Yangtze River and the Jialing River, one of the ten largest cities in China.A. lies Chongqing B. Chongqing lies C. does lie Chongqing D.

14、 does Chongqing lieR答案1 AR考点1考查倒装。R解析1表示方位的地点状语提前，句了完全倒装，所以选A项。K 10 湖北Only if people of all the countries arc united(我们才能解决)the existing problems in the world, (solve)K答案will we be able lo solve/can we solve.R考点X倒装句K解析10nly位于句首修饰状语从句要倒装。根据“主将从现”的原则可以确认主句的助动 词是“will”，或者使用情态动词“can”09安徽a certain doubt

15、among (he people as to the practical value of the project.A. It hasB. They haveC. It remainsD. There remainsR答案1 DK考点】考查There be句型。K解析对于这个项目的实际价值人们依然还有怀疑。K(09 福建】For a moment nothing happened Then all shouting together.A. voices had come B. came voices C. voices would come D. did voices comeK答案X BK考

16、点HK解析副词then位于句首，且当句子的主语是名词时，句子用全部倒装句，选B。09 海南The computer was used in teaching. As a result, not only, but students became more interested in the lessons.A. saved was teachers energy B. was teachers energy savedC. teachers5 energy was saved D. was saved teachers, energyK答案H BK考点1考查倒装工解析1句意为：计算机应用于教学

17、。结果，不仅教师节省能量，而且学生对课程更感兴趣。考杳“not only.but also.”，放在句首作状语，句子则进行部分倒装。前一部分倒装，后一部 分不倒装。09 山东So sudden that the enemy had no time to escape.A. did the attack B. the attack did C. was the attack D. the attack wasK答案1 CR考点1考查倒装K解析so .that., such .that.的句子结构中,若so, such和与其所修饰的词置于句首，实行 部分倒装，又sudden是形容词，作表语，所以选

18、C。K09 陕西Little about her own safety, though she was in great danger herself.A. did Rose care B. Rose did care C. Rose does care D. does Rose careK答案工AK考点1考查倒装K解析H little是具有否定意义的词，位于句首时句子用部分倒装句，选A。E09 四川Not until I came home last night to bed.A. Mum did go B. did Mum go C. went MumD. Mum wentR答案1 BK考

19、点1倒装语序的用法。K解析not until位于句首时要用半倒装的句型，把助动词did提到主语Mum的前面。所 以答案为：BK09 重庆Unsatisfied with the payment, he took the job just to get some work experience.A. though was he B. though he was C. he was though D. was he thoughK答案RBK考点1倒装语序的用法。R解析Has, though等词引导让步状语从句时，常将表语提前置于句首，其后跟连词和正常的 主谓语序。E08 江西 7 II was a

20、nnounced that only when the fire was under controlto return totheir homes.A. the residents would be permittedB. had the residents been permittedC. would the residents be permittedD. the residents had been permittedK答案】cK考点此题考查部分倒装结构K解析1句意为：据宣布，只有在火势被控制住的时候居民们才被允许回到家中。that从句 中only引导的时间状语从句位于句首,that从句

21、需用部分倒装结构。K08 重庆Only when I left my parents for Italyhow much I loved them.A.I realizedB.I had realized C.had I realized D.did I realizeK答案R DR考点考查部分倒装。K解析“only+状语”放句首时主句用部分倒装。首先要看到倒装的标志词。My,然后再 看when引导从句表示过去，所以主句也用一般过去时态。E08 辽宁Bill wasnt happy about the delay of the report by Jason, and.A. I was nei

22、ther B. neither was IC. I was either D. either was IK答案X BK考点X本题考查倒装。K解析1句意为:BiH对Jason耽误了报告的事不高兴，我也是（我也不高兴）。表示“某人也不时”，应该用“ncither/nor+助动词/系动词/情态动词+主语K08 江苏you eat the correct foodsbe able to keep fit and stay healthy.A.Only if;will youB.Only if;you willC.Unless;will youD.Unless;you willK答案R AK考点X本题考

23、查倒装。K解析句意为：只有吃适当的食物，你才能够保持,only if位于句首时，主句应用部分 倒装形式。07 全国 H ? If Joes wife wont go to the party,.A.he will eitherB.neither will heC.he neither willD.either he willK答案X BK考点H此题考查neither引导倒装句K解析1 neither引导倒装句，表示前者不做某事，后者也不做。K07 上海7 How was the televised debate last night?-Super!Rarelyso much media att

24、ention.A.a debate attractedB.did a debate attractC.a debate did attractD.attracted a debateK答案X BK考点1本题考查倒装。K解析1否定副词置于句首时，谓语动词要用部分倒装结构。K07 安徽Littlethat we were watching his every move, so he seemed to be goinghis own way in this business.A.he realizedB.he didnt realizeC.didnt he realizeD.did he real

25、izeK答案X DK考点1本题考查倒装。K解析H否定副词否tie提前,主句用部分倒装。E07 陕西 7that Marie was able to set up new branches elsewhere.A.So successful her business wasB.So successful was her businessC.So her business was successfulD.So was her successful businessK答案BK考点本题考查倒装。K解析so+adj./adv.置于句首时，其主句需用部分倒装。K07 辽宇I have been livin

26、g in the United Slates for twenty years, but seldomsolonely as now.A.have I feltB.I had felt C.I have felt D.had I feltK答案AK考点1本题考查倒装。R解析将现在与以前相比较，故用现在完成时，当否定副词置于句首时，句子要用部分倒 装形式。句意为：但我很少感觉到像现在这样孤独。R07 江苏My room gels very cold a( night.A.So is mineB.So mine isC.So does mine D.So mine doesK答案X cK考点本题考

27、查倒装。K解析】“so+助动词+主语”表示前面陈述的情况也适合于后者。06 天津Did Linda see the traffic accident?No, no soonerthan it happened.A.had she goneB.she had goneC.has she goneD.she has goneR答案1 AR考点本题考查倒装。K解析no sooner.than为固定结构形式，表示“刚就”, no sooner后常接“had+主语”这一倒装结构。R06 浙江7by keeping down costs will Power Data hold its advantage

28、 over othercompanies.A.Onlycompanies.A.OnlyB.JustC.StillD.YetK答案X AR考点1本题考查倒装句。R解析阴艮据句子结构可知，本句使用了倒装句，在给出的4个答案中，只有。nly+状语放于 句首时，句子用倒装语序。K06 福建homework did we have to do that we had no time to take a rest.A.So muchB.Too much C.Too littleD.So littleK答案R AK考点X本题考查倒装。K解析1以“SO+形容词”开头的句子要倒装。句意为：有这么多家庭作业要做，

29、因此我们没 有时间休息。K06 福建Its burning hot today, isnt it?-Yes.yesterday.A.So was itB.So it was C.So it isD.So is itK答案X AR考点1本题考杳倒装。K解析So was it yesterday.意为“昨天也是这样。“；So it was yesterday.意为“昨天的确这 样。”这需要与上文主语一致，从句意来看应选A项。K06 江西一I reminded you not to forget the appointment.A.So you didB.So I do notC.So did you D.So do IK答案工AK考点1本题考查“S0+助动词+主语与S0+主语+助动词”的意义区别。K解析SO+与前句相同的主语+助动词，表示赞同，意为“确实”。