2022-2023学年北京市通州区高一(上)期末英语试卷(附答案详解).docx
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1、2022.2023学年北京市通州区高一(上)期末英语试卷A阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。Best Things to Do in Boston in 2022Boston is an energetic cily.However, choosing where to go and what to do isnt easy in Boston.Here aresome must一sees you simply cant miss when you visit the city.Downtown CrossingThe Downtown Crossing is a
2、n intersection (交汇处)of three major city streets: Washington, Winter, and Summer Streets.Its home to some of the best shopping available in Boston, with plenty of walkable malls and parks to enjoy.Most of the well-known store brands have a storefront here.In addition, there arc also many outdoor spac
3、esFreedom TrailThe Freedom Trail is a unique collection of museums churches, meetinghouses, burial grounds, parks, a ship, and historic markers that tell the story of the American Revolution and beyond.lt begins at theBoston Common and ends at the Bunker Hili Monument in Charlestown .Walking here ev
4、ery step tells astoi-y.Boston HarborwalkThe Boston Harborwalk is a public boardwalk (木板路)that links all of Bostons beautiful water frontneighborhoods and harbor.This impressive waterfront is still under construction.When fully completed,it will extend 47 miles from East Boston, through Charles River
5、 and Millers River, to the NeponsetRiver.Come here to enjoy the ocean scenery!Harvard Museum of Natural HistoryThe Harvard Museum of Natural History includes some amazing exhibits, like its centerpiece: the MarineLife exhibition.A complete recreation of the New England underwater ecosystem lies in a
6、 centralaquarium, attracting anyone who loves marine life to visit.Visitors will discover the diversity of life onEarth, from dinosaurs (o large mammals, birds, and fish.1. Whats the best choice for someone interested in American history? A. Boston Harborwalk.B. Downtown Crossing.答案和解析13.【答案】C、D、D解析
7、(1)推理判断题。根据 Freedom Trail 部分 The Freedom Trail is a unique collection of museums, churches, meetinghouses, burial grounds, parks, a ship, and historic markers that tell the story of the American Revolution and beyond.(自由之路是一个独特的博物馆、教堂、教会、墓地、公园、船 只和历史标记的集合,讲述了美国革命及其后的故事.)可知,对美国历史感兴趣的人来说,最 好的选择是Freedo
8、m Trail o故选C项。(2)细节理解题。根据 Boston Harborwalk 部分 Come here to enjoy the ocean scenery!(来这里欣赏 海洋风光吧!)可知,来波士顿海港步行道可以欣赏海洋风光,由此可知,波士顿海港步行道提 供了良好的海滨景色。故选D项。(3)细节理解题。根据 Harvard Museum of Natural History 部分 The Hanard Museum of Natural History includes some amazing exhibits, like its centerpiece: the Marine
9、Life exhibition.(哈佛 自然历 史博物馆包括一些令人惊叹的展品,比如它的中心展品:海洋生物展览。)可知哈佛自然历史博 物馆中一个吸引人的部分是海洋生物展览。故选D项。这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了波士顿的一些值得参观的景点。阅读理解题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力,要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑关系,对 未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断;或根据作者所阐述的观点理论,对文章未涉及的现象、事 例给以解释。考生首先要仔细阅读短文,完整了解信息,准确把握作者观点。47.【答案】A、A、D、C解析(1)细节理解题。根据第一段 She says, I spent (he first f
10、ew years in America just going through a number of operations to basically straighten me out so 1 could then be fitted for leg braces (支架) and walking stick.(她说:在美国的头几年里,我只是做了许多手术,基本上使我的身体好转,这 样我就可以使用腿部支架和拐杖了。”)可知,因为疾病的影响,即使在好转之后,Dentlei也需 要使用腿部支架和拐杖,辅助她走路,由此可知,Dentler的病迫使她走路时需要额外的支撑。故 选A项。(2)推理判断题。
11、根据第四段 And she kepi mee【ing people, mostly able-bodied, with extraordinary athletic ambitions which led her to attempt her first Ironman in Hawaii.Thars a distance of 140.6 miles.(她不断地与身体健全、有着非凡运动抱负的人见面,这促使她在夏威夷尝试了她的第一个铁人 比赛。距离为 140.6 英里。)和第五段 She missed the finish line on her first try.But a year la
12、ter, she made it and finished the race in 14 hours, 39 minutes the first female wheelchair athlete to complete the Ironman World Championship.(她第一次尝试就错过了终点。但一年后,她成功晋级,并以14小时39分 的成绩完成了比赛,成为首位完成铁人世界锦标赛的轮椅女运动员。)可知,比赛距离为140.6 英里,她的第一次尝试失败了,一年后,她以14小时39分的成绩完成了比赛,文章通过列举几 个数字,来表明这样长距离的比赛对.她来说是困难的,她经过了努力和不断
13、尝试才取得成功,由 此可知,作者通过列出几个数字来证明对Dentler来说,完成比赛很困难。故选A项。(3)推理判断题。根据第五段 She missed the finish line on her first try.But a year later, she made it and finished the race in 14 hours, 39 minutes the first female wheelchair athlete to complete the Ironman World Championship.(她第一次尝试就错过了终点。但一年后,她成功晋级,并以14小时39分
14、的成绩完成了比赛,成为首位完成铁人世界锦标赛的轮椅女运动员。)可知,她的第一次尝试失 败了,但她没有放弃,最后取得了成功,由此可知,她是一个有决心的人:根据第四段Within seven months she learned to swim and to compete using a racing wheelchair.When Dentler finished the triathlon(铁人3项赛),she was motivated to go farther.(在七个月内,她学会了游泳和使用轮椅比赛。 当Demler完成铁人三项赛时,她被激励走的更远。)可知,Dentler在七个月内
15、学会了游泳和使 用轮椅比赛,完成了铁人三项赛后,还准备继续参加更有难度的比赛,由此可知,她是一个精力 充沛的人,综上所述,Dentler是一个有决心的和精力充沛的人。A.Reliable bul serious.可靠但严肃 的;B.Adventurous but proud.冒险但骄傲的;C.Confident and humorous.自信幽默的; .Determined and energetic.决心坚定且精力充沛的。故选D项。(4)推理判断题。通读全文,结合第一段 She says, I spent the first few years in America just going t
16、hrough a number of operations to basically straighten me out so I could then be fitted for leg braces (支 架)and walking stick.(她说:”在美国的头几年里,我只是做了许多手术,基本上使我的身体 好转,这样我就可以使用腿部支架和拐杖了。和第五段But a year later, she made it and finished the race in 14 hours, 39 minutes the first female wheelchair athlete to com
17、plete the Ironman World Championship.(但一年后,她成功晋级,并以14小时39分的成绩完成了比赛,成为首位完成铁 入世界锦标赛的轮椅女运动员。)可知,本文讲述了 Dentler因为小儿麻痹症身患残疾,但她没有 放弃生活,积极锻炼,最终成为首位完成铁人世界锦标赛的轮椅女运动员,从Dentler的故事中我 们可以学到只要肯努力,万事皆有可能。故选C项。这是一篇记叙文。本文讲述了 Dentler因病身患残疾,但她没有放弃生活和梦想,通过不断努力, 最终成为首位完成铁人世界锦标赛的轮椅女运动员。考查记叙文。做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍,做题时结合原文和
18、题H有针对性 的找出相关语句进行仔细分析,结合选项选出正确答案。推理判断题也是要在抓住关键句子的基 础上合理的分析才能得出正确答案,切忌胡乱猜测,一定要做到有理有据。811.【答案】C、A、C B【解析】(1)推理判断题。根据第二段中的It was headed by Elephant Family and The Real Elephant Collective,a British charity and nonprofit socioenvironmental enterprise aimed at raising awareness (意识) for the Indian elephan
19、t, Meant as a response to the increasing conflict between humans and animals, the exhibitions goal is to start a movement of global empathy (同情) for members of the animal kingdom who, like the powerful elephant,have found themselves sharing natural habitats (栖息地)with fastgrowing human populations.(这
20、 次展览由大象家族和“真正的大象集体“主办,”真正的大象集体”是一家英国慈善机构和非营利性 社会环境企业,旨在提高人们对印度大象的认识。作为对人类与动物之间日益加剧的冲突的I可应, 该展览的目标是为动物王国的成员发起一场全球同情运动,他们发现自己与快速增长的人类种群 共享自然栖息地,就像强大的大象一样。)可知,该展览的目的是提醒人们与大象和平共处。故 选C。(2)细节理解题。根据倒数第二段The project helps display this unique time in history when the worldwide reduction in human activity fro
21、 m COVID19 has had an overall positive effect on certain areas of wildlife species around the planet.(该项H有助于展示这一历史上独特的时刻,在这一时刻,全球范围内因C0VID-19而减少的人 类活动对全球某些地区的野生物种产生了总体积极影响。)可知,C0VID/9可以通过减少人类 活动对某些野生物种产生积极影响。故选A。(3)词义猜测题。根据划线词上文的Over the past three years,many countries have gone through lockdown (在过
22、去的三年里,许多国家都实行了封锁。)可知, 许多国家在过去的三年中实行了封锁;同时结合划线词所在句子Brought about by worrying situations,this great is providing key guidance on how to best share space with animals on our crowded planet.(由令人担忧的情况带来的这种大停顿,为如何在我们拥挤的星球上最好地与动物分享空间提供 了关键的指导。)可知,由于许多国家地区的封锁,导致了令人担忧的情况。故划线词pause与 前文的lockdown为同义词。结合选项A.Migr
23、ation.迁徙:B.Guidance.指导:C.Lockdown.封锁; D.Movement.运动。故选 C。(4)标题归纳题。根据第一段Recently, more than 100 Asian elephants made their way across The Mall in front of LondonsBuckingham Palace.However, they werent live animals.These life- sized elephant sculptures were handmade by native communitymembers from the
24、 jungles of Tamil Nadu in South India(最近,100多只亚洲象穿过伦敦白金汉宫前的林荫大道。然而,它们并不是活的动物。这些真 人大小的大象雕塑是由印度南部泰米尔纳德邦从林的土著社区成员手工制作的。)并通读文章可 知,文章讲述的是100多只亚洲手工大象雕塑穿过伦敦白金汉宫前的林荫大道,警示着人们人与 自然是可以和谐共处的。故选项B.Life一sized el叩hant sculptures in London (伦敦真象大小的大象 雕塑)适合做文章标题。故选B。本文是一篇说明文。本文介绍了 100多只亚洲手工大象雕塑穿过伦敦白金汉宫前的林荫大道,警 示着人们人
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