八年级上册英语语法知识点讲解和练习(学生用).pdf

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1、=Word行业资料分享-可编辑版本-双击可删=八年级上册英语语法知识点讲解和练习八年级上册英语语法知识点讲解和练习(一)一般将来时一般将来时表示将来某个时间要发生的动作或者存在的状态。通常与表示将来的时间状语连用，如 tomorrow,the day after tomorrow,next year,next month,next week,in 100 years等。be going to do(动词原形）结构：表示打算、准备做的事情或者肯定要发生的事情。如：It is going torain,will do 结构表示将来的用法：Do you think it will rain?You

2、will feel better after a good rest.I will borrow a book from our school library tomorrow.What will she do tomorrow?基本构成如下：一般疑问句构成：（1）wi 11+主语+do.?Will Sarah come to visit me next Sunday?（2）there be 结构的一般疑问句：Will there+be？Willthere be fewer trees?Yes,there will./No,there won t否定句构成：will+not(wont)+doS

3、arah won t come to visit me next Sunday.特殊疑问句构成：特殊疑问词+will+主语+?What will Sarah do next Sunday?练一练根据例句，用 will 改写下列各句例：I don,t feel well today,(be better tomorrow)Ill be better tomorrow.1.Gina has six classes today,(have a lot of homework tonight)2.I m tired now.(sleep later)3.My parents need a new ca

4、r.(buy one soon)4.We can t leave right now.(leave a little later)5.The weather is awful today,(be better tomorrow)(二）should 的用法：should 用来提出建议和忠告，后边加动词原形，否定句直接在should 后边加 not.例如：I think youshould eat less junk food.我认为你应该少吃垃圾食品。She drives a lot and she seldom walks.So I think she should walk a lot.她经

5、常开车，很少走路。所以我认为她应该多走路。Students shouldn,t spend too much time playing computer games.学生们不应当花太多的时间玩计算机游戏。学习向别人提建议的几种句式：(1)I think you should(2)Well,you could(3)Maybe you should(4)Why don t you？(5)What about doing sth.?(6)You d better do sth.练一练用 should 或 shouldnt 填空1.I can,t sleep the night before exam

6、s.Youtake awarmshowerbeforeyou gotobed.2.Good friendsargue each other.3.There is little milk in the glass.Webuy some.源-于-网-络-收-集=Word行业资料分享-可编辑版本-双击可删=4.They didn,t invite you?Maybe youbefriendlier.5.I am a little bit overweight.So I think Idoexercises every day.(三）过去进行时过去进行时表示过去某一点时间正在进行的动作或者过去某一段时

7、间内一直进行的动作。was/were+doing,例如:I was watching TV at 9 o9 clock last nightat 9 o,clock last night 是时间点They were playing football all afternoon.all afternoon 是时间段at 8 oclock last night,this time yesterday 等。例如：I was having lunch at home this time yesterday.昨天的这个时候我正在吃午饭。At that time she was writing a boo

8、k.那阵子她在写一本书。（表示她在那段时间里一直在做那件事情。）练一练用括号中所给动词的适当形式填空。1.This time yesterday I(read)books.2.At 9 of clock last Sunday they(have)aparty.3.When I(come)into the classroom,she(read)astorybook.4.She(play)computer gameswhileher mother(cook)yesterday afternoon.5.I(have)ashowerwhen you(call)me yesterday.(四）间接引语

9、 形成步骤：(1)不要逗号，冒号，引号(2)要考虑到人称的变化（人称的变化与汉语是一致的）(3)要考虑时态的变化(4)要考虑时间状语、地点状语和语示代词的变化。1.直接引语变成间接引语时，几个主要时态的变化规律直接引语一般现在时一般将来时间接引语一般过去时过去将来时现在进行时过去进行时2.直接引语变成间接引语时，一些词汇的变化规律直接引语1.am/is2.are3.have/has4.will5.can6.may间接引语1.was2.were3.had4.would5.could6.might练一练用括号中所给动词的适当形式填空。1.She said I(be)hard-working.2.P

10、eter told me he(be)bored yesterday.3.She said she(go)swimminglast Sunday.4.Bobby said he(may)call me later.5.Antonio told me he(read)abookthen.请转述他人说的话：1.I go to the beach every Saturday.(Tom)2.I can speak three languages.(Lucy)源-于-网-络-收-集=Word行业资料分享-可编辑版本-双击可删=3.I will call you tomorrow.(Mike)m hav

11、ing a surprise party for Lana,(she)(五）if 引导的条件状语从句结构：if+般现在时，主语+将来时 含义：如果，将要例如：If you ask him,he will help you.如果你请求他，他会帮助你。If need be,weJ 11 work all night.如果需要，我们就干个通宵。练一练 根据中文提示，完成句子。1.如果你参加聚会，你将会过得很开心。If youthe party,you.2.如果明天下雨，我们将不去野餐。If ittomorrow,we3.如果你经常听英文歌，你将会喜欢英语的。If you often,you二二.完形

12、填空特点及解题思路完形填空特点及解题思路(一）题型分类与特点完形填空试题是在给出的一篇短文中有目的地拿掉若干个词，留下一些空格，要求考生借助短文保留的部分，从 所给的短文整体出发，在正确理解短文意思的基础上，根据句子和句子间的内在联系、词的用法和习惯搭配等，用适 当的词或词语填空，使补全后的短文意思通顺、前后连贯、结构完整。这种题型测试的内容从形式上看是单词或短语 的填空，但它必须注意到短文中上、下文意思连贯、词语搭配和语法结构正确，所以在空格上所填的词必须符合语义 适用和语法正确两条原则，只考虑某一侧而都可能导致错误。中考中完形填空试题的基本题型分两类:完形填空选择 题和完形填空题。1.完形

13、填空选择题：该题型的特点是将一篇短文中若干词语抽掉留下空格，对每一空格提供若干个选择项，要求考 生通读短文后，在理解短文意思的基础上，运用所学的词汇、句型、语法等语言知识，从所提供的备选项中选出一个 最佳答案，使短文内容完整正确。中考完形填空主要以这种题型为主。它所给的短文一般与初中英语教材难易程度相 当，字数在150200 个单词之内，多数设置10 个左右空格，所设考点涉及词汇、语法及对短文内容的理解。短文的 第一句一般不设空，以期提供一个语境，对每一空格设置的选项基本都属于相同或对等的词类，给判定选择带来一定 的干扰，侧重考査了考生准确运用词汇的能力及对短文的整体理解和逻辑推理能力。2.选

14、词填空题：该题型的特点是把抽出的词打乱顺序，不按原文顺序排列，放在短文前而或后而的方框内，有时还 增加几个文外的词，要求考生从中选出适当的词以正确的形式填入短文空格内。(A)Jack wanted to ask for two days off,1he had only learnt the phrase(短语)“have a day off”.He2,then he had an idea.“Grandmother is ill.May I have a day off,3?”he asked the teacher.“Of course,you can.”replied答复the teac

15、her at once.After a while,the boy came to4at the teachers door.“May I have a day off5?”The teacher was very surprised,“Didnt you6it just now?”“Yes,sir.ButI cant be here7,either.”The teacher understood him and could not help8.Then he said with asmile,“Why didnt you sayMay I have two days off?”The boy

16、 answered quickly9a loud voice.“Butyou only10ushave a day off!”1.A.butB.andC.orD.for2.A.thought hardlyB.thought hard and hardC.hard thoughtD.thought and thought3.A.MissB.sirC.teacherD.Mr4.A.strikeB.bestC.hitD.knock5.A.alsoB.againC.tooD.once6.A.speakB.tellC.sayD.do7.A.tomorrowB.the day after tomorrow

17、C.yesterdayD.the day before yesterday8.A.laughB.to laughC.laughedD.laughing9.A.withB.onC.inD.by10.A.teachB.taughtC.are teachingD.were teaching源-于-网-络-收-集=Word行业资料分享-可编辑版本-双击可删=(B)请根据内容从所给的 15 个单词中选出最恰当的 10 个填入空白处，使短文完整，有些词要根据需要作适当的词形变化。than,so,tell,us,them,report,beause,love,composition,understand,t

18、o,that,much,for,whatA generation gap代沟has become a serious problem.I read a1about it in the newspaper.Some children have killed2after quarrels争吵with parents.I think this is3they dont havea good talk with each other.Parents now spend4time in the office.5they dont have muchtime to stay with their chil

19、dren.As time passes,they both feel6they dont have the same topics话题to talk about.I want to7parents to be more with your children,get to know them and understandthem.And for children,show your feeling 8your parents.They are the people who9you.So tell themyour thoughts想法.In this way,you can have a bet

20、ter10of each other.完形填空选择题的一般解题思路是：1.跳过空格、通读全文、把握大意。先跳过空格，通读试题所给的要完形填空的短文，获得整体印象，做到弄清文 脉、抓住主旨，较好地把握短文大意。要在阅读理解短文意思的基础上才开始判定选择，切忌仓促下笔。2.结合选项、综合考虑、初定答案。在理解全文意思的基础上，再结合所给备选项细读全文，联系上、下文内容，注意从上、下文的语法结构和词语搭配及从选择项中寻找解题的提示，以词、句的意义为先，再从分析句子结构入手,根据短文意思、语法规则、词语固定搭配等进行综合考虑，对备选项逐一进行分析、比较和筛选，排除干扰项、初步 选定答案。3.瞻前顾后、

21、先易后难、各个击破。动笔时要瞻前顾后、通篇考虑、先易后难。对比较明显直接的、自己最有把握 的答案先做，一下子不能确定答案的，先跳过这一空格，继续往下做，最后回过头来再集中精力解决难点。这时可结 合已确定答案的选项再读一遍短文，随着对短文理解的深入，可以降低试题的难度，提高选择的正确率。4.复读全文、逐空验证、弥补疏漏。完成各道题选择后，把所选的答案代入原文，再把全文通读一篇，逐空认真复 査。看所选定的答案是否使短文意思前后连贯、顺理成章，语法结构是否正确，是否符合习惯表达法。如发现错误答 案或有疑问的，应再次推敲、反复斟酌、做出修正。完形填空试题的一般解题思路是：1.跳过空格、通读短文、了解大

22、意。解题时先跳过空格，通读完形填空的短文，了解全篇的内容和要旨。要重视首 句，善于以首句的时态、语气为立足点，理清文脉，推测全文主题及大意。2.复读短文、确定语义、判断词形。把握短文大意后再认真复读短文，利用上下文的语境，结合所学过的知识，先 确定空格处所需词语的意义，再根据空格在句子中的位置，判断其在句中充当的成分，从而确定所填词的词性，再依 据词语搭配和语法规则，判断所填的词的正确形式。3.三读短文、上下参照、验证答案。在短文的每一空白处填上一个词后，将完成的短文再细读一遍，上下参照，连 贯思考。把所填的答案放入短文中进行检验，可从上、下文内容是否协调一致、顺理成章，语法结构是否正确无误等

23、 进行综合验证，凡有疑问必须重新推敲考虑。(三）课文阅读指导阅读理解能力理解主旨要义理解文中具体信息根据上下文猜测生词的意义做出简单判断的推理理解文章的基本结构理解作者的意图和态度扩大视距克服声读克服逐字读通过标题或主题句进行预测文章的标题或主题句可包括作者的意图和倾向、篇章的总体意义和深层意义，因此通过文章标题或主题句进 行预测，以便正确理解。源-于-网-络-收-集=Word行业资料分享-可编辑版本-双击可删=通过语篇标记进行预测语篇标记包括关联词、转换词也包括其他关键词。利用背景知识预测利用图片进行预测实战操练选择填空。()1.Beijing won the chancesthe 2008

24、Olympics.to hostB.host C.hostingD.hosted()2.Tiger Woods can make billionsdollars ayear.for B.with C.ofD.on()3.You looked so beautiful at the party.A.No,I don,t think soB.Of courseC.Thank you very much D.No,V m not beautiful()4.The text is very easy for you.There arenewwords in it.a fewB.a littleC.fe

25、wD.little()5.In the bookshop,a reader asked the shopkeeper“Who Moved My cheese”was aninteresting book.A.thatB.whatC.howD.if()6.In our English study reading is more interesting than speaking,I think.I don,t agree.Speaking isreading.A.as important as B.so important as C.the more importantD.the most im

26、portant()7.If heharder,he 11catch up with us.A.work B.worksC.workedD.will work()8.The managerthat the business would be worse after the stock(股票）went down.A.talked B.told C.said D.spoke()9.We should keepinthe reading-room.A.quiet B.quietly C.quite D.quickly()10.I think everything goes on well.-A.So

27、I doB.I do soC.So do ID.So is I()11.If you want to watch TV,you may turn.A.down B.it on C.on it D.it off()12.I m sorry I havenJ t got any money.Ivemy handbag athome.A.missedB.leftC.putD.forgotten()13.He is listening to the musicshe iswashing clothes.A.afterB.before C.that D.while()14.It takestime to

28、 go to Beijing by plane than by train.A.more B.fewerC.longerD.less()15.Excuse me.Have you got an eraser?Sorry,I havent.Whyyou ask Mary?Perhaps she,s got one.A.doB.don tC.didD.didn t二、选择恰当的答语。_1.What were you doing when the UFO landed?A.Your teacher won t let you in.B.He said I_2.Will people use pape

29、r money in the future?couldn,t stay out late._3.I cant sleep,what should I do?C.I was doing my homework._4.If I wear jeans to school,what will happen?D.No,they won,t.Everyone will have a_5.What did your father say?credit card.三.根据汉语提示填空：E.You should listen to some relaxing music.1.不知道该怎么办，你能给我点建议吗？I

30、 don,t knowto do,can you give me some?2.外星人正在买纪念品的时候，我给警察打了个电话。While the alien wasa souvenir,Ithepolice.3.我放学回家的路上，看见一只猫从窗户里跑了出来。On my way home from school,I saw a cat geta window.4.我不想在电话里跟你谈论这件事情。I don,t want to talkit with youthephone.5.我们要在周五晚上为约翰举办一个惊喜的晚会。源-于-网-络-收-集=Word行业资料分享-可编辑版本-双击可删=We are going to have aparty for JohnFridayevening.源-于-网-络-收-集