OPC客户端编程汇编.pdf

《OPC客户端编程汇编.pdf》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《OPC客户端编程汇编.pdf（52页珍藏版）》请在淘文阁 - 分享文档赚钱的网站上搜索。

1、OPCOPC 编程汇编编程汇编 OPC OPC 客户端的自动化实现客户端的自动化实现OPC 是建立在 COM，DCOM 的基础商的，因此绝大多数语言都可以很好的进行开发。在 Net 中开发客户端有以下几种方式：（1）使用 OPCNetAPI，需要用到 OPCNetAPI.dll，OPCNetAPI.Com.dll（2）使用自动化接口，需要用到 OPCDAAuto.dll（3）使用自定义接口，需要用到多个 Wrapper：OpcRcw.Ae.dll，OpcRcw.Batch.dll，OpcRcw.Comn.dll，OpcRcw.Da.dll，OpcRcw.Dx.dll，OpcRcw.Hda.dl

2、l，OpcRcw.Sec.dll以上开发方式所需的动态链接库可以从 OPC 基金会的网站上下载，一些下载项目可能需要注册，或成为基金会的成员。不同的方式有各自的有缺点，请参见本文使用自动化接口，VB.Net 语言进行开发，开发项目是无线射频（RFID）卡方面的应用，典型的如公交车，或公司考勤使用的刷卡机。需要注意的是自动化接口存在一个“不是问题”的问题，数组下标是以 1 开始的，而不是传统计算机开发上的以 0 开始。不知道设计者头脑是怎么想（）；这可能会给一些语言的开发造成问题（，没有你就是幸运的）需求：OPCDAAuto.dll 或该 Dll 的 Interop(一)：客户端开发流程OPC

3、客户端的开发主要遵循下图所示的开发流程，下面就从以下几个开发步骤进行说明(二)：枚举 OPC 服务器列表枚举服务器主要是通过 OPCServer 接口的 GetOPCServers 方法来实现的，该方法会返回 OPC 服务器数组（以 1 为下界，上面已有说明），以下是代码段枚举 OPC 服务器列表PrivateSubForm1_Load(ByValsenderAsSystem.Object,ByValeAsSystem.EventArgs)HandlesMyBase.LoadTryGlobalOPCServer=NewOPCAutomation.OPCServerClass()DimServe

4、rListAsObject=GlobalOPCServer.GetOPCServersForindexAsShort=LBound(ServerList)ToUBound(ServerList)加入控件列表中，注意这里使用 LBound 和 UBoundcbbServerList.Items.Add(ServerList(index)NextIfcbbServerList.Items.Count 0ThencbbServerList.SelectedIndex=0EndIfResetControlStatus()设置控件状态GlobalOPCServer=NothingCatchExAsExc

5、eptionMessageBox.Show(List OPC servers failed:+Ex.Message,OPCSample,MessageBoxButtons.OK)EndTryEndSub(三)：连接 OPC 服务器自动化接口中连接到服务器是使用 connect 方法Public Overridable Sub ConnectConnect(ByValProgID As StringString,Optional ByValNode As ObjectObject=Nothing)ProgID 指服务器的 ProgID，Node 代表网络节点，如果是本机则放空即可。连接到服务器后

6、，以下属性需要特别注意：OPCServer.StartTime：服务器的启动时间OPCServer.CurrentTime：服务器的当前时间，各个客户端可以通过这个属性值完成一些同步的操作OPCGroups.DefaultGroupIsActive：以后添加的 Group 是否默认激活OPCGroups.DefaultGroupDeadBand：Group 的默认死区，变化量超过死区后将会触发 DataChange 事件，合理的设置该值可以提高程序性能OPCGroups.Count：下属组（Group）的数量OPCGroups.DefaultGroupLocalID：组（Group）的默认通信

7、区域编号，如 1024OPCGroups.DefaultGroupUpdateRate：组（Group）的默认刷新率，该属性也比较重要OPCGroups.DefaultGroupTimeBias：组（Group）的默认时间偏差(四)：添加组（Group）和项（Item）添加组和项需要用到 Groups.Add 和 Items.AddItem 方法，以下是原型：Function AddAdd(Optional ByValName As ObjectObject=Nothing)As OPCAutomationOPCAutomation.OPCGroupOPCGroupFunction AddIt

8、emAddItem(ByValItemID As StringString,ByValClientHandle As IntegerInteger)As OPCAutomationOPCAutomation.OPCItemOPCItem组也有两个重要的属性 Group.UpdateRate：刷新率，该属性通 Groups 的 UpdateRate 意义一样，如果这个值有设置，则以这个值为准 Group.IsSubscribed：是否使用订阅功能以下是代码段连接到指定的 OPC 服务器PrivateSubbtnConnectServer_Click(ByValsenderAsSystem.Obj

9、ect,ByValeAsSystem.EventArgs)HandlesbtnConnectServer.ClickIfcbbServerList.Text ThenConnectedOPCServer=NewOPCAutomation.OPCServerClass()TryConnectedOPCServer.Connect(cbbServerList.Text)设置组集合的默认属性ConnectedOPCServer.OPCGroups.DefaultGroupIsActive=TrueConnectedOPCServer.OPCGroups.DefaultGroupDeadband=0添

10、加组ConnectedGroup=ConnectedOPCServer.OPCGroups.Add()ConnectedGroup.UpdateRate=3*1000刷新虑，用于下面的 DataChange 事件ConnectedGroup.IsSubscribed=True使用订阅功能添加项GlobalOPCItems(0)=ConnectedGroup.OPCItems.AddItem(Reader_Device.OpenCard,0)GlobalOPCItems(1)=ConnectedGroup.OPCItems.AddItem(Reader_Device.CloseCard,1)Gl

11、obalOPCItems(2)=ConnectedGroup.OPCItems.AddItem(Reader_Device.CardNO,2)RefreshServerStatus()刷新服务器状态CatchexAsExceptionConnectedOPCServer=NothingMessageBox.Show(OPC server connect failed:+ex.Message,OPCSample,MessageBoxButtons.OK)EndTryResetControlStatus()EndIfEndSub(五)：读写操作与事件控制读写操作包括同步和异步两种操作方式，以下是这

12、几个方法的原型：Group 的同步读事件Sub SyncReadSyncRead(ByValSource As ShortShort,ByValNumItems As IntegerInteger,ByRefServerHandles As SystemSystem.ArrayArray,ByRefValues AsSystemSystem.ArrayArray,ByRefErrors AsSystemSystem.ArrayArray,Optional ByRefQualities As ObjectObject=Nothing,OptionalByRefTimeStamps As Obje

13、ctObject=Nothing)Group 的同步写事件Sub SyncWriteSyncWrite(ByValNumItems As IntegerInteger,ByRefServerHandles As SystemSystem.ArrayArray,ByRefValues As SystemSystem.ArrayArray,ByRefErrors As SystemSystem.ArrayArray)Group 的异步读事件Sub AsyncReadAsyncRead(ByValNumItems As IntegerInteger,ByRefServerHandles As Sys

14、temSystem.ArrayArray,ByRefErrors As SystemSystem.ArrayArray,ByValTransactionID As IntegerInteger,ByRefCancelID AsIntegerInteger)Group 的异步写事件Sub AsyncWriteAsyncWrite(ByValNumItems As IntegerInteger,ByRefServerHandles As SystemSystem.ArrayArray,ByRefValues As SystemSystem.ArrayArray,ByRefErrors As Sys

15、temSystem.ArrayArray,ByValTransactionIDAs IntegerInteger,ByRefCancelID As IntegerInteger)如果使用异步的读写操作，那么还需要实现 Group 中的 ReadComplete 和 WriteComplete 两个事件PublicEvent AsyncReadCompleteAsyncReadComplete(ByValTransactionID As IntegerInteger,ByValNumItems As IntegerInteger,ByRefClientHandles As SystemSyste

16、m.ArArrayray,ByRefItemValues AsSystemSystem.ArrayArray,ByRefQualities As SystemSystem.ArrayArray,ByRefTimeStamps As SystemSystem.ArrayArray,ByRefErrorsAs SystemSystem.ArrayArray)PublicEvent AsyncWriteCompleteAsyncWriteComplete(ByValTransactionID As IntegerInteger,ByValNumItems As IntegerInteger,ByRe

17、fClientHandles As SystemSystem.A Arrayrray,ByRefErrors As SystemSystem.ArrayArray)其他相关的重要事件包括：Group 数据变化时的通知事件PublicEvent DataChangeDataChange(ByValTransactionID As IntegerInteger,ByValNumItems As IntegerInteger,ByRefClientHandles As SystemSystem.ArrayArray,ByRefItemValues As SystemSystem.ArrayArray

18、,ByRefQualities As SystemSystem.ArrayArray,ByRefTimeStamps As SystemSystem.ArrayArray)Group 的异步取消事件Public Event AsyncCancelCompleteAsyncCancelComplete(ByValCancelID As IntegerInteger)Server（服务器）关闭通知事件Public Event ServerShutDownServerShutDown(ByValReason As StringString)以下是这些实现的代码段读取卡片指定的块号的值PrivateS

19、ubbtnReadCard_Click(ByValsenderAsSystem.Object,ByValeAsSystem.EventArgs)IfNot(ConnectedGroupIsNothing)ThenTry获取块号DimBlockNoAsShort=CByte(ReadBlockNo.Text)如果要获取数据的块所对应的项还没有创建，就创建它IfGlobalOPCBlockItems(BlockNo)IsNothingThenGlobalOPCBlockItems(BlockNo)=ConnectedGroup.OPCItems.AddItem(Reader_Device.Bloc

20、k&CStr(BlockNo),200+BlockNo)EndIf准备参数数组DimServerResultsAsSystem.ArrayDimServerErrorsAsSystem.ArrayDimServerHandles(1)AsIntegerServerHandles(1)=GlobalOPCBlockItems(BlockNo).ServerHandle读取值ConnectedGroup.SyncRead(OPCAutomation.OPCDataSource.OPCDevice,1,ServerHandles,ServerResults,ServerErrors)IfServer

21、Errors(1)0ThenMsgBox(Read Card Failed:&ServerErrors(1)ElsetxtReadBlockNo.Text=ServerResults(1)EndIfCatchexAsExceptionMessageBox.Show(OPC server Read Card failed:+ex.Message,OPCSample,MessageBoxButtons.OK)EndTryEndIfEndSub写卡片指定块的值PrivateSubbtnWriteCard_Click(ByValsenderAsSystem.Object,ByValeAsSystem.

22、EventArgs)IfNot(ConnectedGroupIsNothing)ThenTry获取块号DimBlockNoAsShort=CByte(WriteBlockNo.Text)如果要写入数据的块所对应的项还没有创建，就创建它IfGlobalOPCBlockItems(BlockNo)IsNothingThenGlobalOPCBlockItems(BlockNo)=ConnectedGroup.OPCItems.AddItem(Reader_Device.Block&CStr(BlockNo),200+BlockNo)EndIf准备参数数组DimServerValues(1)AsOb

23、jectDimServerErrorsAsArrayDimServerHandles(1)AsIntegerServerHandles(1)=GlobalOPCBlockItems(BlockNo).ServerHandleServerValues(1)=txtWriteBlockNo.Text写入值ConnectedGroup.SyncWrite(1,ServerHandles,ServerValues,ServerErrors)IfServerErrors(1)0ThenMsgBox(Write Card Failed:&ServerErrors(1)ElseMsgBox(Write Ca

24、rd Succeed)EndIfCatchexAsExceptionMessageBox.Show(OPC server Write Card failed:+ex.Message,OPCSample,MessageBoxButtons.OK)EndTryEndIfEndSub(六)：断开服务器断开服务器只要使用 OPCServer 的 Disconnect 方法几个，以下是代码段：断开到指定 OPC 服务器的连接PrivateSubbtnDisconnectServer_Click(ByValsenderAsSystem.Object,ByValeAsSystem.EventArgs)les

25、btnDisconnectServer.ClickIfNot(ConnectedOPCServerIsNothing)ThenTryConnectedOPCServer.Disconnect()CatchexAsExceptionMessageBox.Show(OPC server disconnect failed:+ex.Message,OPCSample,MessageBoxButtons.OK)FinallyConnectedOPCServer=NothingResetControlStatus()EndTryEndIfEndSub(七)：相关链接非常好的一个 OPC 技术网站OPC

26、基金会网址国内的一个比较好的 OPC 网站(八)：全部源码Imports System.Runtime.InteropServicesHandPublic Class Form1Dim GlobalOPCServer As OPCAutomation.OPCServerClassDim WithEvents ConnectedOPCServer As OPCAutomation.OPCServerClassDim WithEvents ConnectedGroup As OPCAutomation.OPCGroupClassDim GlobalOPCItems(4)As OPCAutomati

27、on.OPCItemDim GlobalOPCBlockItems(64)As OPCAutomation.OPCItem枚举 OPC 服务器列表Private Sub Form1_Load(ByVal sender As System.Object,ByVal e As System.EventArgs)Handles MyBase.LoadTry GlobalOPCServer=New OPCAutomation.OPCServerClass()Dim ServerList As Object=GlobalOPCServer.GetOPCServersFor index As Short=

28、LBound(ServerList)To UBound(ServerList)加入控件列表中，注意这里使用 LBound 和UBound cbbServerList.Items.Add(ServerList(index)NextIf cbbServerList.Items.Count 0 Then cbbServerList.SelectedIndex=0End If ResetControlStatus()设置控件状态 GlobalOPCServer=NothingCatch Ex As Exception MessageBox.Show(List OPC servers failed:+E

29、x.Message,OPCSample,MessageBoxButtons.OK)End TryEnd Sub连接到指定的 OPC 服务器Private Sub btnConnectServer_Click(ByVal sender As System.Object,ByVal e As System.EventArgs)Handles btnConnectServer.ClickIf cbbServerList.Text Then ConnectedOPCServer=New OPCAutomation.OPCServerClass()Try ConnectedOPCServer.Conne

30、ct(cbbServerList.Text)设置组集合的默认属性 ConnectedOPCServer.OPCGroups.DefaultGroupIsActive=True ConnectedOPCServer.OPCGroups.DefaultGroupDeadband=0添加组 ConnectedGroup=ConnectedOPCServer.OPCGroups.Add()ConnectedGroup.UpdateRate=3*1000 刷新虑，用于下面的 DataChange 事件 ConnectedGroup.IsSubscribed=True 使用订阅功能添加项 GlobalOP

31、CItems(0)=ConnectedGroup.OPCItems.AddItem(Reader_Device.OpenCard,0)GlobalOPCItems(1)=ConnectedGroup.OPCItems.AddItem(Reader_Device.CloseCard,1)GlobalOPCItems(2)=ConnectedGroup.OPCItems.AddItem(Reader_Device.CardNO,2)RefreshServerStatus()刷新服务器状态Catch ex As Exception ConnectedOPCServer=Nothing Message

32、Box.Show(OPC server connect failed:+ex.Message,OPCSample,MessageBoxButtons.OK)End Try ResetControlStatus()End IfEnd Sub服务器断开事件通知Private Sub OnServerShutDown(ByVal Reason As String)Handles ConnectedOPCServer.ServerShutDown btnDisconnectServer_Click(Nothing,New EventArgs()End SubPrivate Sub OnGroupDat

33、aChange(ByVal TransactionID As Integer,ByVal NumItems As Integer,ByRef ClientHandlesAs System.Array,ByRef ItemValues As System.Array,ByRef Qualities As System.Array,ByRef TimeStamps As System.Array)Handles ConnectedGroup.DataChangeFor i As Integer=1 To NumItemsIf Qualities(i)=OPCAutomation.OPCQualit

34、y.OPCQualityGood ThenSelect Case ClientHandles(i)Case 2 txtCardNo.Text=CStr(ItemValues(i)Case 200 测试 7 张卡片 txtValueBlock0.Text=CStr(ItemValues(i)Case 201 txtValueBlock1.Text=CStr(ItemValues(i)Case 202 txtValueBlock2.Text=CStr(ItemValues(i)Case 203 txtValueBlock3.Text=CStr(ItemValues(i)Case 204 txtVa

35、lueBlock4.Text=CStr(ItemValues(i)Case 205 txtValueBlock5.Text=CStr(ItemValues(i)Case 206 txtValueBlock6.Text=CStr(ItemValues(i)Case 207 txtValueBlock7.Text=CStr(ItemValues(i)Case ElseEnd SelectEnd IfNextEnd Sub断开到指定 OPC 服务器的连接Private Sub btnDisconnectServer_Click(ByVal sender As System.Object,ByVal

36、e As System.EventArgs)Handles btnDisconnectServer.ClickIf Not(ConnectedOPCServer Is Nothing)ThenTry ConnectedOPCServer.Disconnect()Catch ex As Exception MessageBox.Show(OPC server disconnect failed:+ex.Message,OPCSample,MessageBoxButtons.OK)Finally ConnectedOPCServer=Nothing ResetControlStatus()End

37、TryEnd IfEnd Sub开卡，并返回卡号Private Sub btnOpenCard_Click(ByVal sender As System.Object,ByVal e As System.EventArgs)If ConnectedGroup IsNot Nothing ThenTry准备参数数组Dim ServerHandles(1)As IntegerDim ServerValues(1)As ObjectDim ServerErrors As System.Array ServerHandles(1)=GlobalOPCItems(0).ServerHandle Serv

38、erValues(1)=1写入值，用于执行 OpenCard 的操作 ConnectedGroup.SyncWrite(1,ServerHandles,ServerValues,ServerErrors)If ServerErrors(1)0 ThenMsgBox(OpenCardError:&ServerErrors(1)End If ServerHandles(1)=GlobalOPCItems(2).ServerHandleDim ServerResult As System.Array读取卡号 ConnectedGroup.SyncRead(OPCAutomation.OPCDataS

39、ource.OPCDevice,1,ServerHandles,ServerResult,ServerErrors)If ServerErrors(1)0 ThenMsgBox(ReadCardNoError:&ServerErrors(1)Else txtCardNo.Text=ServerResult(1)End IfCatch ex As Exception MessageBox.Show(OPC server Open Card failed:+ex.Message,OPCSample,MessageBoxButtons.OK)End Try ResetControlStatus()E

40、nd IfEnd Sub读取卡片指定的块号的值Private Sub btnReadCard_Click(ByVal sender As System.Object,ByVal e As System.EventArgs)If Not(ConnectedGroup Is Nothing)ThenTry获取块号Dim BlockNo As Short=CByte(ReadBlockNo.Text)如果要获取数据的块所对应的项还没有创建，就创建它If GlobalOPCBlockItems(BlockNo)Is Nothing Then GlobalOPCBlockItems(BlockNo)=C

41、onnectedGroup.OPCItems.AddItem(Reader_Device.Block&CStr(BlockNo),200+BlockNo)End If准备参数数组Dim ServerResults As System.ArrayDim ServerErrors As System.ArrayDim ServerHandles(1)As Integer ServerHandles(1)=GlobalOPCBlockItems(BlockNo).ServerHandle读取值 ConnectedGroup.SyncRead(OPCAutomation.OPCDataSource.O

42、PCDevice,1,ServerHandles,ServerResults,ServerErrors)If ServerErrors(1)0 ThenMsgBox(Read Card Failed:&ServerErrors(1)Else txtReadBlockNo.Text=ServerResults(1)End IfCatch ex As Exception MessageBox.Show(OPC server Read Card failed:+ex.Message,OPCSample,MessageBoxButtons.OK)End TryEnd IfEnd Sub写卡片指定块的值

43、Private Sub btnWriteCard_Click(ByVal sender As System.Object,ByVal e As System.EventArgs)If Not(ConnectedGroup Is Nothing)ThenTry获取块号Dim BlockNo As Short=CByte(WriteBlockNo.Text)如果要写入数据的块所对应的项还没有创建，就创建它If GlobalOPCBlockItems(BlockNo)Is Nothing Then GlobalOPCBlockItems(BlockNo)=ConnectedGroup.OPCItem

44、s.AddItem(Reader_Device.Block&CStr(BlockNo),200+BlockNo)End If准备参数数组Dim ServerValues(1)As ObjectDim ServerErrors As ArrayDim ServerHandles(1)As Integer ServerHandles(1)=GlobalOPCBlockItems(BlockNo).ServerHandle ServerValues(1)=txtWriteBlockNo.Text写入值 ConnectedGroup.SyncWrite(1,ServerHandles,ServerVa

45、lues,ServerErrors)If ServerErrors(1)0 ThenMsgBox(Write Card Failed:&ServerErrors(1)ElseMsgBox(Write Card Succeed)End IfCatch ex As Exception MessageBox.Show(OPC server Write Card failed:+ex.Message,OPCSample,MessageBoxButtons.OK)End TryEnd IfEnd Sub重设控件状态Private Sub ResetControlStatus()If ConnectedO

46、PCServer Is Nothing Then btnConnectServer.Enabled=True btnDisconnectServer.Enabled=False btnReadCard.Enabled=False btnWriteCard.Enabled=False btnOpenCard.Enabled=False btnCloseCard.Enabled=False ReadBlockNo.Value=0 WriteBlockNo.Value=0 txtReadBlockNo.Text=txtWriteBlockNo.Text=00000000000000000000000

47、000000000 txtCardNo.Text=txtSrvStartTime.Text=txtSrvCurrTime.Text=txtSrvGroupCount.Text=txtSrvGroupDeadBand.Text=txtSrvGroupDefActive.Text=txtSrvGroupLocalID.Text=txtSrvGroupTimeBias.Text=txtSrvRequestRate.Text=Else btnConnectServer.Enabled=False btnDisconnectServer.Enabled=TrueIf txtCardNo.Text=The

48、n btnReadCard.Enabled=False btnWriteCard.Enabled=False btnOpenCard.Enabled=True btnCloseCard.Enabled=FalseElse btnReadCard.Enabled=True btnWriteCard.Enabled=True btnOpenCard.Enabled=True btnCloseCard.Enabled=TrueEnd IfEnd IfEnd Sub刷新服务器状态属性信息Private Sub RefreshServerStatus()If ConnectedOPCServer IsN

49、ot Nothing Then txtSrvStartTime.Text=ConnectedOPCServer.StartTime.ToString()txtSrvCurrTime.Text=ConnectedOPCServer.CurrentTime.ToString()With ConnectedOPCServer.OPCGroups txtSrvGroupCount.Text=CStr(.Count)txtSrvGroupDeadBand.Text=CStr(.DefaultGroupDeadband)If.DefaultGroupIsActive Then txtSrvGroupDef

50、Active.Text=TrueElse txtSrvGroupDefActive.Text=FalseEnd If txtSrvGroupLocalID.Text=CStr(.DefaultGroupLocaleID)txtSrvGroupTimeBias.Text=CStr(.DefaultGroupTimeBias)txtSrvRequestRate.Text=CStr(.DefaultGroupUpdateRate)End WithEnd IfEnd Sub关闭卡片Private Sub btnCloseCard_Click(ByVal sender As System.Object,