小学四年级英语语法题目加语法.pdf

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1、1.名词的数 2.名词的格 第一章 代词 1.人称代词 2.物主代词 第二章 冠词 与 数词 1.冠词 2.数词 第三章 一般现在时态 第四章 现在进行时态 第五章 句型 1 陈述句 2 疑问句 3 祈使句 4 There be 句型与 have has 第六章 总结考试 第一章 名词（Noun）名词的概念 在生活中，我们会接触到各种各样的人和事物，用来表示这些人或事物名称的词就是名词。一、名词的数 名词的数指名词的单数和复数形式。可数名词表示“一个”时用单数，“两个以上”时用复数；不可数名词表示量时，通常用“数词+单位+of+物质名词”的形式，如 a piece of bread(一片面包)

2、，变为复数时，只须将单位名词变为复数，如：two pieces of bread(两片面包)。*名词复数的构成法则 1.一般情况下在词尾加 s.词尾读音 shop-shops(商店)在清辅音后读 s bag-bags(书包)在浊辅音后读 z window-windows(窗户)在元音后读 z 2.以 s,x,sh,ch 结尾的单词在词尾加 es。class-classes(班级)词尾读音 iz box-boxes(盒子)match-matches(比赛)brush-brushes(刷子)3.以“辅音字母+y”结尾的词，变 y 为 i 加 es.story-stories(故事)词尾读音 iz

3、4.以“元音字母+y”结尾的词，在词尾直接加 s key-keys 词尾读音 z monkey-monkeys 5.以“o”结尾的名词，复数一般在词尾加“s”,但个别加“es”tomato-tomatoes(西红柿)词尾读音 z potato-potatoes(土豆)zoo-zoos(动物园)photo-photos(照片)*（以“o”结尾，复数加“es”）口诀：黑人(Negro)英雄(hero)，左手拿着西红柿(tomato)，右手拿着破土豆(potato)，头顶一个大芒果（mango）。6.以 f 或 fe 结尾的词，多数变 f 或 fe 为 ves.leaf-leaves(树叶)词尾读音

4、 vz knife-knives(小刀)*（以 f 或 fe 结尾的单词，需把 f 或 fe 变 ves 的单词）口诀：妻子（wife）持刀（knife）去宰狼（wolf），小偷（thief）吓得发了慌，躲在架下（shelf）保己命，半(half)片树叶（leaf）遮目光。*（以 f 或 fe 结尾的单词，直接加“s”的单词）口诀：长颈鹿(giraffe)站在屋檐(roof)下，左手拿着手绢(handkerchief)，右手拿着高尔夫球(golf)。例：roof-roofs(屋顶)7.不规则名词复数的变化 man-men(男人)tooth-teeth(牙齿)child-children(儿童)

5、mouse-mice(老鼠)foot-feet(脚)woman-women(女人)8.名词单复数形式一样 sheep-sheep(绵羊)deer-deer（鹿）English-English（英国人）Chinese-Chinese（中国人）*（不规则名词变复数）口诀：男人，女人 a 变 e；鹅，足，牙齿 oo 变 ee；其实老鼠也好记 ous 变 ic；孩子加上 ren，鱼鹿绵羊不用记。二、名词所有格的构成法 1.主要是在词尾加 s 构成。如:This is Toms desk.这是汤姆的书桌。That is Mikes book.那是迈克的书。2.如果原名词已经有复数词尾 s,则仅加一个.如

6、:the teachers reading room 教师阅览室 the pupils pencil-boxes 学生们的文具盒 3.如果原词是复数形式，但不是以 s 结尾，变为所有格形式需在后面加上 s。如：the childrens palace 少年宫 mens room 男厕所*名词所有格口诀：名词所有格，s 前面加一撇，复数 s 放在尾，后加一撇就完结，两人共有算一个，后面只加一个撇。名词练习题 一、写出下列名词的复数形式 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 18.life _19.story _ _ 21.baby _ _ _ 24.deer _ _ _

7、 28.English _30.man _ 二、汉译英 1Tom 的足球 _ 2.老师们的自行车_ 3学生们的课桌 _ 4.哥哥的文具盒_ 5姑姑的卡片 _ 6.猴子们的香蕉_ 7蚂蚁们的早餐 _ 8.妈妈的包_ 9姐姐的连衣裙_ 10 女孩们的苹果_ 三、把下列句子翻译成英文 1这些 是 Peter 的篮球吗 _ 2这个是老师的钢笔吗 _ 3有一些书在 Sam 的课桌上。_ 4有一些孩子们在教室里。_ 四、改错（圈出错处，在横线上改正过来）are some butterflys on the table._ is Alice dress._ like tomato very much._ 五

8、、将下列句子变成复数形式。1This dog is brown._ 2.There is a book and a pen on the table._ woman is a teacher._ 能力测试卷（名词）一、将下列名词变成复数形式。tree lesson month apple shirt 2.box bus brush watch class fox life leaf Wife thief boy monkey baby country story radio piano tomato hero 6.child tooth man Sheep English Chinese 二、

9、判断正误，并改正错句，正确的打“”1The house is my brother._ 2.He has visited many country._ 3.They are Englishs._ 4.This is Tom red bike._ 三、选择填空 1There are two _ in the room.A.Chineses B.Englishman old man will have _ out.A.two tooths B.two teeth 3._ are sold in this bookstore.A.Childrens books B.Children books 4.

10、Some friends of _ will come here.A.Johns B.John 5.Can you give me _ A.some papers B.a piece of paper are _ on the floor.A.some box B.some boxes 四、将下列句子变成复数形式。1This sheep is white._ 2.There is a desk and a chair in the room._ man is a doctor._ 第二章 代词 一、人称代词 1人称代词即表示“你、我、他、你们、我们、他们”等的词，它的人称、数和格的变化见下表：

11、数 人称 主格 宾格 单数 第一人称 I me 第二人称 you you 第三人称 he she it him her it 复数 第一人称 We us 第二人称 you you 第三人称 they them 主格与宾格：人称代词有主格和宾格两种形式。主格主要用来做句子的主语；宾格主要用作宾语。人称代词主格用在句首作主语。She is sitting in a bus.她正坐在公共汽车上。人称代词宾格在动词后作宾语。This pen is cant write with it.这支钢笔不好，我没法用它写字。2.人称代词的排列顺序 人称代词并列使用时，通常以下列顺序出现，请熟悉并记忆。1）单数代

12、词：you and I;you and he;he and I;you,he and I 2）复数代词：we and they;we and you;you and they;we,you and they 3）第三人称单数代词：he and she*人称代词排序口诀：人称代词并列观，注意顺序礼貌见；单数人称二、三、一，复数人称一、二、三；麻烦事情“我”站前，其他人称没意见；两性并用为三单，男先女后是习惯。二、物主代词 物主代词是表示所有关系的代词，分为形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词。人称 类别 第一人称 第二人称 第三人称 单数 复数 单数 复数 单数 复数 形容词性 my our you

13、r your his,her,its their 名词性 mine our yours yours his,hers,its theirs 名词性物主代词=形容词性物主代词+名词 例，Whose coat is this 这是谁的上衣 Its hers.是她的。hers=her coat*关于物主代词的口诀：物主代词很重要，译成汉语都有“的”，后面必须加上物，否则就要犯错误，my your his her its our their 不放过。形容词性是基础，除了我的“mine”外，其他词尾“s”性 形物代能力差，出门常把名词加；名物代能力强，常来独去又独往。三、反身代词 反身代词也叫“自身代词

14、”，表示“*自己”。数 人称 第一人称 第二人称 第三人称 单数 myself yourself himself,herself 复数 ourselves yourselves themselves I can do it by myself.我自己能做这件事。*反身代词的构成规律记忆口诀：反身代词有规律，第三人称宾格加，其余开头用物主，复数-ves 替-f 四、指示代词 This(这个)-these(这些)指近处的事物 That(那个)-these(那些)指远处的事物 例，This is a book.这是本书。These are some books.这些是书。That is a car.

15、那是辆小汽车。Those are some cars.那些是小汽车.代词练习题 一、根据题意，用所给词的适当形式填空。1.Mary is a friend of _.(I)2.This is _(she)ruler._(I)is in the bag.3.Her brother is too young to look after _(he)4.This is _(I)book.This book is _(I).5.These pens are _(we).二、填写下列表格。人称代词 我 我们 你，你们 他 她 它 他们 主 格 宾 格 形容词性物主代词 名词性物主代词 反身代词 三、改写下

16、列句子 Eg,This is my book.-The book is mine.1.That is her ruler._ 2.These are their footballs._ 3.This is my backpack._ 4.Those are your boxes._ 四、把下列句子改写成复数。1.This is a butterfly._ 2.That is a bus._ 3.It is a mouse._ 五、改错。is mine lamp._ are ours 3.That are their teacher._ house is my brother._ 5.He ha

17、s visited many country._ 6.They are Chineses._ 7.This is Tom red bike._ 能力测试卷（代词）一、帮下面的好朋友团圆（连线）I 她 its 我们 her 他（她，它）们 we 我 they 你的 their 他（她，它）们 your 她的 she 它的 二、填空 1Shes a teacher.This is _ bag.2.Hes a driver.This is _ taxi.3.I am a boy._ name is Peter.4.-Whats _ name -My name is Tony.5.Its my pup

18、py._ name is Mimi.三、选择()book is not so old as _.A.him B.he C.his D.she()2._ book is it Its _.A.Whoseher B.Whose hers C.Whohers D.Whom her()3.He is a friend of _.A.our B.us C.my D.mine 四、改错 1.I,you and he are all teachers._ 2.This is mine teddy bear._ 3.These are ours bags._ 4.These is their teachers

19、._ 第三章 数词和冠词 一、数词 表示数目和顺序的词叫数词。数词又分基数词和序数词，基数词表示数量，序数词表示顺序。1 最基本的基数词如下表所示：110 1119 20100 1 one 11 eleven 2 two 12 twelve 20 twenty 3 three 13 thirteen 30 thirty 4 four 14 fourteen 40 forty 5 five 15 fifteen 50 fifty 6 six 16 sixteen 60 sixty 7 seven 17 seventeen 70 seventy 8 eight 18 eighteen 80 eig

20、hty 9 nine 19 nineteen 90 ninety 10 ten 100 one hundred*基数词的写法：2199 的两位数，十位与个位之间用连字符“-”。例：21 twenty-one 32 thirty-two 99 ninety nine 百位数：个位数基数词形式加“hundred”，表示几百，在几十几与百位间加上 and。例：101 a hundred and one.320 three hundred and twenty 648six hundred and forty-eight 2序数词的构成 1）一般来说，是由相应的基数词加词尾 th 构成。例，four+

21、th-fourth six+th-sixth seven+th-seventh ten+th-tenth 2）下面这些基数词在变为序数词时，有特殊的变化。例，one-first two-second three-third five-fifth eight-eighth nine-ninth twelve-twelfth 3）十位整数序数词的构成方法是将基数词的词 y 变成 i，然后在加 eth.例，twenty-twentieth thirty-thirtieth forty-fortieth ninety-ninetieth 4）两位或两位以上的基数词变为序数词时，仅将个位数变成序数词。例

22、，twenty one-twenty-first thirty-five-thirty-fifth a hundred and fifty-three-a hundred and fifty-third *基数词变序数词的口诀：基变序，有规律；词尾加上 th（fourth,sixth）一、二、三，单独记；结尾字母 t,d,d；（first，second，third）八去 t,九去 e,（eighth，ninth）；ve 要用 f 替；（fifth，twelfth）整十基数变序数，ty 将 y 变成 i;th 前面有个 e；要是遇到几十几，前用基来后用序。二、冠词 冠词分不定冠词和定冠词两种。a

23、 或 an 是不定冠词，the 是定冠词。a 用在辅音音素之前，如 a desk,a tree;an 用在元音因素之前，如 an apple,an hour,an English book.1.不定冠词（a,an）指人或事物的某一种类，表示“一个”，但不强调数量。She is a teacher.Thats an orange.2.定冠词 the，是特指某（些）人、某（些）物，或指说话人与听话人彼此知道的人或物，或者是在上文提到过的人和事。This is a bus.The bus is big.3.不用冠词的情况：1）专有名词，物质名词，抽象名词前一般不用冠词。如，Chinese,Engli

24、sh,Jim 等。2）名词前已经有 this,that,my,your 等词时，就不再用冠词了。如，that mouse(那只老鼠)3)一些固定词组前不用定冠词。如，at home 在家 go to school 去上学*定冠词 the 的用法记忆口诀：特指、重提和唯一，岛屿、海峡和海湾；海洋、党派、最高级，沙漠、河流与群山；方位、顺序和乐器，年代、团体与机关；船名、建筑和组织，会议、条约与报刊；姓氏复数、国全名，记住定冠 the 加在前。*零冠词用法口诀：月份、星期、节假洲，呼语、头衔职务前；三餐、球类、惯用语，学科、棋类名词前。冠词和数词专项练习 一、在空白处填上适当的冠词，不需要的填“/

25、”。1)at _home 2)go to_ bed 3)go to _school 4)catch _ bad cold 5)have _ good time 6)_red apple 7)_ English book 8)_ spoon 9)_ orange 10)_melon 11)_ eraser 二、选择填空 is _“m”in the word“primary”A.an D./is _ orange bike.D/always takes us half _ hour to have _ long walk after supper.,a B,a,the ,a ,the is _ u

26、seful language in _ world.,the ,the ,/D./,the are going to _ cinema this evening.B./C/a s standing on _ other side of _ river.,a ,the ,a ,the potato is a vegetable,not _ fruit.,an ,a ,the ,/was _ first to come.D./you see _ book on _ table ,a ,an ,an ,the s _ desk Its in _ middle of the room.A./,/B./

27、,a ,/,the is _ friend of mine.B./is _ university near the farm.D./died in _ autumn of 1989.A./have _ book.I t s _ interesting one.I like reading _ books very much.,an,/,/,the ,an,the D./,an,/is _ Childrens Day.D/is _ bag.That is _ eraser.,a ,an ,a D.an,an 四、用代词填空:,_ and _ are all good friends.,you,t

28、hey ,they,we ,they,you ,you,we classroom is big,but _ is much bigger than _.,they,us ,their,our ,theirs,ours ,theirs,we lost _ pen.Will you lend her _ ,yours ,your ,you ,yourself 4.“What are you doing”“I am looking at _ in the mirror”,_ and _ all enjoy music.,you,I ,she,you ,she,I ,you,she 能力测试卷（冠词和

29、数词）一、写出相邻的数词 1.twenty 2.five 3.twelve 4.fifty-eight 5.ninety 6.seventy 7.thirty-eight 8.one hundred 9.one thousand 10.one 二、选择正确答案 are days in a year.A.three hundreds sixty-five B.three hundreds and sixty-five C.three hundred and sixty-five D.three hundred and sixty five are students in this school.

30、A.eight hundreds and forty-six B.eight hundred and forty six C.eight hundred and forty-six D.eight hundred forty-six brother is in .A.Three Class,One Grade B.Class Three,Grade One C.Grade One,Class Three D.class three,grade one was doing some washing .A.at eight yesterday morning B.yesterday morning

31、 eight C.yesterday morning at eight D.by eight yesterday morning are months in a year.December is the month of the year.A.twelve;twelve B.twelve;twelfth C.twelfth;twelve D.twelve;twelveth is the day of the week.A.seventh B.first C.second D.third is season in a year.A.the fourth B.the third C.a third

32、 D.third was to get to school and I was .A.first;ninth B.the first;the ninth C.a first;a ninth D.the second;the ninth s the date today Its .A.Friday B.time to go C.cloudy D.June 4th is the second day,and .A.Tuesday is the fourth B.Thursday is the fifth C.the second is Tuesday D.the second is Thursda

33、y 第四章 一般现在时态 一、一般现在时的定义 一般现在时是表示现在经常反复发生的动作，存在的状态或习惯性的动作的时态。二、一般现在时的结构 一般现在时用行为动词的原形，但第三人称单数作主语时，动词的词尾要加-s 或-es。现在以连系动词 be 和行为动词 read 为例，对一般现在时的肯定句、否定句、疑问句及其简略答语的构成以表格形式加以说明：动词 肯定句 否定句 be I am I am not You/We/They are You/We/They are not He/She/It is.He/She/It is not read I/We/You/They read I/We/You

34、/They/do not read He/She/It reads He/She/It does not read 动词 疑问句 简略答语（肯定）简略答语（否定）be Am I Yes,you are.No,you are not.Are you Yes,I am/we are.No,I am/we are not.Are we Yes,we/you are.No,we/you are not.Are they Yes,they are.No,they are not.Is he Yes,he is.No,he is not.Is she Yes,she is.No,she is not.Is

35、 it Yes,it is.No,it is not.read Do I/we/they read Yes,you/we/they do.No,you/we/they do not.Does he/she/it read Yes,he/she/it does.No,he/she/it does not.连系动词 be 的各种形式常与代词或 not 缩写成一个词。助动词 do，does 一般只有与not 缩写。联系动词 be 缩写形式如下 肯定 缩写 否定 缩写 I am Im I am not Im not You are Youre You are not Youre not/You are

36、nt He is Hes He is not Hes not/He isnt She is Shes She is not Shes not/She isnt It is Its It is not Its not/It isnt We are Were We are not Were not/We arent They are Theyre They are not Theyre not/They arent 动词 do not 的缩写形式为 dont，does not 的缩写形式为 doesnt。二、动词加-s 或-es（动词第三人称单数）当主语是第三人称单数时，谓语动词需加-s 或-es

37、 1 一般在词尾加 s 例：workworks leave-leaves swim-swims 2 以字母 s，x，ch，sh 或 o 结尾的词加-es 例：pass-passes fix-fixes teach-teaches do-does 3 以辅音字母加 y 结尾的词，先变 y 为 i 再加-es 例：study-studies carry-carries fly-flies cry-cries 三、一般现在时的用法 1 表示经常或习惯性的动作。常与 often（经常）,always（总是）,sometimes（有时）,every day（每天）,on Sundays/Mondays

38、等表示频度的时间状语连用。一般现在时的时间状语有：today,often,sometimes,always,usually,every day(week,month,year,),this year,once a week(month,year,)一周（月，年）一次 例句：I get up at 6 oclock every day.He often goes to school by bike.2 表示客观事实，普遍真理。例句：Two and two are four.二加二等于四。The earth moves around the sun.地球绕着太阳转。一般现在时态专项练习 一、写出下

39、列动词的第三人称单数形式 post eat stop jump go like visit pass rise read ride have give write swim study watch fly teach do 二、单项选择()you have a book A Do B.Are C.Is D.Have()Li Lei like to watch TV _.A.Yes,he like.B.No,he doesnt.C.Yes,hed like.D.No,he likes.()doesnt _ her homework in the afternoon.A.doing B.to do

40、 C.does D.do ()_ Mr.Smith _ to England A.do,go B.is,go C.does,go D.does,goes ()5._ she _ home at six every day A.Is,leave B.Does,leave C.Is,leaves D.Does,left 三、用下列动词的适当形式填空 _(get)up at 6 oclock every day.father _(have)a lovely dog._(go)to school on foot._(do)not like watching TV._(play)football eve

41、ry Sunday afternoon.四、按要求完成下列各题 is Saturday.(变成一般疑问句)_ _ Saturday he play basketball every weekend(肯定回答)Yes,_ _.looks like her sister.(变一般疑问句)_ she _ like her sister and Sam look the same.(一般疑问句)_ they _ the same they always go to the movie(电影院)on Sundays (否定回答)No,_ _.五、英汉互译 1.Tom 经常放学后（after school

42、）踢足球。_ 2.我喜欢唱歌。_ 3.He often goes to school on foot._ 4.Children like to play this game._ 5.今天是星期日。_ 能力测试卷（一般现在时）一、写出下列动词的第三人称单数形式 go have swim study rise stop do ride cry go write fly play read come buy give watch work carry 二、用动词的适当形式填空 1.He _(go)to school on foot.2.She _ not like watching TV.(do)3

43、.My father _(have)a lovely dog.4.I often _(get)up at six every morning.5.My mother _(work)in a school.三、英汉互译 1.他经常在周六的时候读英语。_ 2.Peter 每天都帮助妈妈做家务。_ 3.Tom always plays football after school._ 4I get up at six oclock every day._ 5.The coat fits(适合)me very well._ 第五章 现在进行时态 一、现在进行时的定义 现在进行时是表示在现在某一时刻或某段

44、时间正在进行的动作的时态。二、现在进行时的构成 现在进行时由“系动词（am，is，are）+现在分词（动词加-ing 形式）”构成。现在以动词 work 为例，对现在进行时的肯定句、否定句、疑问句及简略答语列表说明：肯 定 句 否 定 句 I am working.I am not working.You are working.You are not working.He/She/It is working.He/She/It is not working.We/You/They are working.We/You/They are not working.疑 问 句 简 略 答 语 Am

45、 I working Yes,you are.No,you are not.Are we working Yes,we/you are.No,we/you arent.Yes,I am.Are you working No,I am not.Yes,we are.No,we are not.Is he/she it working Yes,he/she/it is.No,he/she/it is not.Are they working Yes,they are.No,they are not.三、现在分词的构成 1.一般在动词原形末尾加-ing。stay-staying do-doing l

46、isten-listening 2.以不发音的字母 e 结尾的动词，先去掉 e，再加-ing。make-making ride-riding give-giving 3.以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节词，先双写这个辅音字母，再加-ing。put-putting sit-sitting run-running 4.以 ie 为重读音节结尾的单词，先去掉 e，把 i 变为 y，再加 ing。lie-lying die-dying 四、现在进行时的用法 1.表示现在或说话时正在进行的动作，常和下列时间状语连用：now,at this moment,at present,these days(year

47、s),this term 有时也与 look,listen 等连用。例句：Look,what are the monkeys eating 看，那些猴子在吃什么 2.表示当前一直或反复在进行的动作或难以终止的动作。例句：They are running and jumping all the time.他们一直在跑啊跳啊。现在进行时态专项练习 一、写出下列动词的现在分词形式 stay _ do _ listen _ suffer _ work _ spend _ look _ make _ take _ give _ ride _ please _ refuse _ close _ opera

48、te _ die _ put _ sit _ run _ tie _ win _ begin _ open _ lie _ 二、用所给动词的适当形式填空 1.Mary and Lucy are _(dance)now.2.Listen!Someone is _(play)the piano in the next room.3.He is _(sweep)the floor at the moment.4.Look!The cat _ _(eat)the fish on the table.5.A:_ you _(study)French B:Yes,I am.6.She often _(da

49、nce)after school.7.My father and mother _ _(swim)in the pond.8.My sister is _(fly)a kite in the garden.9.We are _(watch)TV now.10.Be quiet!The baby _ _(sleep)now.三、改错 1.We are cleanning our classroom._ 2.She is sing in the next room._ 3.What am you doing _ 4.Mary is comeing back from 5.He often flyi

50、ng kites on Sundays._ 6.They is reading books now._ 7.My brother is plays the guitar now._ 8.Sally is danceing in the room._ 9.I watching TV at home now._ 10.Do you listening the radio now _ 四、英汉互译 1.他正在教室里做作业。_ 2.We are reading English now._ 3.Peter 和 Billy 正在操场上（in the playground）打篮球。_ 4.Look!A bi