专业英语8Translationofverb.ppt

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1、动词的翻译n动词是任何语言中最重要的词类。英语中动词主要用来作句子的谓语，也可构成非谓语动词形式等。n按句子中的结构不同，动词译法如下：q谓语动词的译法q非谓语动词的译法q情态动词的译法q时态翻译2/13/20231谓语动词的译法n直译qVoltage regulating devices maintain the voltage at receiving end within permissible limits.q调压装置保持接收端的电压在允许值内qEinstein claimed that matter and energy are interchangeable,so that the

2、re is no“absolute”time and space.q爱因斯坦宣称物质和能量可以相互转化，因此没有“绝对的”时间和空间2/13/20232谓语动词的译法n引申qThe expense of such an instrument has discouraged its use.q这种仪器高昂的价格使其应用受到限制。qElectrics deals with the activities and uses of free electrons.q电学研究自由电子的行为及用途2/13/20233谓语动词的译法n转换qThe new technology is based on the b

3、ehavior of electrons in layers of semiconductor materials only a few millionths of a millimeter thickq这种新技术的基础是电子在仅有几个毫微米厚的半导体材料层中的奇特性能qThis paper aims at discussing the discovery of new energy sources.q本文的目的在于探讨新能源的发现2/13/20234谓语动词的译法n省译qThe charged capacitor behaves as a secondary batteryq充了电的电容器（

4、的行为）就像蓄电池一样。qThe power plant gives factories its constant supply of electricity.q该发电厂源源不断地向各工厂提供电力2/13/20235谓语动词的译法n搭配不同的词，译法也不同 reduce the pressure 减少压力 reduce the temperature 降低温度 reduce the time 缩短时间 reduce prices 削减定价 reduce the weight 减轻重量2/13/20236非谓语动词的译法n非谓语动词不单独做谓语，不受主词限定，没有人称与数的变化，起着各种不同的语

5、法功用。n英语中非谓语动词有三种q动名词q分词q不定式。2/13/20237动名词的译法n英语中动名词既有动词特征，又有名词特征，在句子中可以做主语、表语、宾语和定语等。qHeating semiconductors means increasing their conductivity.q加热半导体就意味着增加了半导体的电导率qBeing small and light makes transistors more advantageous to vacuum tubesq由于体积小，重量轻，晶体管要优于真空管2/13/20238分词的译法n英语的分词有现在分词和过去分词两种q现在分词表示“

6、主动”和“进行”的意义q过去分词表示“被动”和“完成”的意义nInducing current：施感电流 ninduced current：感应电流nBoiling water：沸水 nboiled water：开过的水2/13/20239分词的译法n分词作定语qThis driving force tending to produce the motion of electrons through a circuit is called an electromotive force or，for short.q这种能使电子在电路中运动的驱动力称之为电动势或简称.n分词作宾语补足语qOne w

7、att of power will keep a current of one ampere flowing in a circuit under a pressure of one volt.q一瓦电可以使一安培电流在电压为一伏的回路中流动2/13/202310分词的译法n分词作时间状语qWorking in that power plant,I learnt a lot from the engineers.q在那个电厂工作时，我从工程师们那里学到了许多东西n分词作原因状语qKnowing the voltage and resistance,we were able to find th

8、e current.q知道了电压和电阻，便可求出电流2/13/202311分词的译法n分词作条件状语qHeated,water will change to vapour.q如果受热，水就会变成蒸汽n分词作让步状语qHaving been repaired several times,the generator cannot work yet.q这个发电机虽然已经修了好几次，可还是不能用2/13/202312分词的译法n分词作结果状语qWe can increase the length of the wire,thus increasing its resistanceq我们可以增加导线的长

9、度，从而增大其电阻n分词独立结构的译法qSimple substances consists of atoms,each substances having its special atoms.q单一物质都是由原子组成的，每种物质都有其特有的原子2/13/202313不定式的译法n不定式作主语qTo transmit electromagnetic waves takes energy.q电磁波的传输需要能量qTo start a body moving requires a greater force than to keep it.q要让一个物体开始运动，需要一个比维持其运动还要大的力2/

10、13/202314不定式的译法n不定式作表语和宾语qOur task is to make a 300kW generator.q我们的任务是制造一台300千瓦的发电机qWe find it possible to transform a.c.into d.c.by using a rectifier.q我们发现能用整流器把交流电变为直流电2/13/202315不定式的译法n不定式作宾语补足语qConductors allow a large number of electrons to move freely.q导体允许大量的电子自由运动n不定式作定语qThere are different

11、 ways to charge a bodyq有各种不同的使物体带电的方法2/13/202316不定式的译法n不定式作目的状语qTo meet our production needs,more and more electric power will be generated.q为了满足生产的需要，将生产越来越多的电力n不定式作结果状语qA resistor is placed parallel with another only to make the current greater.q一个电阻器与另一个电阻器并联，从而使电流变大2/13/202317不定式的译法n不定式作原因状语qWe

12、are very glad to have taken part in the 2nd phase electrical engineering construction.q我们很高兴参加了二期电气工程的建设n不定式作其他状语qLoss of control is most likely to occur on inductive loadsq这种失控现象在电感负载时最可能发生2/13/202318情态动词的译法n英语的情态动词主要有can，could，may，might，must，ought to等。此外，在一定场合shall，should，will，would，need，dare等也可作情

13、态动词。n情态动词不能单独作句子的谓语，主要与动词原形连用。2/13/202319can和couldnElectricity can drive motorsn电能驱动马达nYou can turn on the lightn你可以开灯nHe couldnt be over sixtyn他不可能有60多岁nI cannot have said son我绝不会说这样的话2/13/202320may和mightnIf he comes here,he may help usn如果他来到这儿，他或许可以帮助我们nIf he were here,he might help usn他要是在这里，他或许能

14、帮助我们nIf he had been here,the breakdown might have been fixed.n如果他当时在这儿的话，这故障也许早就排除了2/13/202321shall和shouldnA spare set of brushes should be of proper rating.n备用电刷组应该有适当的额定值nSafety precaution should be observed at all time.n必须时刻遵守安全操作规程nYou should have been more careful.n你本当更加仔细些nWe use insulators fo

15、r fear that electricity should leak away from the wiren我们使用绝缘体，以免漏电2/13/202322will，would，mustnThis current changing,the magnetic field will change.n如果这一电流变化，则磁场也会变化。nShort circuits would cause very strong currents to flow.n短路会产生非常大的电流nHe must have fixed the breakdown.n他一定已经排除了故障2/13/202323动词时态的翻译n一般

16、现在时qTwo negative charges repel each other,and so do two positive chargesq两个负电荷相斥，两个正电荷也是如此n一般过去时qI used that instrument yesterdayq我昨天用过那个仪器2/13/202324动词时态的翻译n一般将来时qIn this article,we shall discuss the important effects accompanying the motion of electric charges.q在本文中，我们将讨论电荷运动有关的重要效应n过去将来时qHe said

17、he would visit our power plant.q他说他将参观我们电厂2/13/202325动词时态的翻译n现在完成时qSo far,we have produced many transformersq目前，我们已经生产出了许多变压器n过去完成时qBy yesterday we had dismantled all the old transformers and voltage stabilizers.q到昨天，我们已经拆除了所有旧的变压器和稳压器n将来完成时qBy the end of this year,the new generating unit will have

18、been put into operation.q到年末，新机组将投入运行2/13/202326动词时态的翻译n现在进行式qThey are developing a new product.q他们正在开发一种新的产品n过去进行式qWhen I came to see him he was repairing a superheater.q我来看他时，他正在修理一个过热器2/13/202327动词时态的翻译n现在完成进行式qThe electric motor has been running for ten hoursq电动机已连续运转了十个小时了n过去完成进行式qIt was said that the engineers in this hydropower station had been trying to find a way to economically store a large quantity of electric power these last few years.q据说这些年来，这个水电站的工程师们一直在试图找到一种能够低成本存储大量电的方法2/13/202328