新世纪英语专业本科生综合教程第二第册.pptx

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1、Watch the video clip and answer the following questions.1.Are the electronic equipment still functioning when Chuck lands on the shore after the air crash?2.What is the situation on the island?Pre-reading Activities-Audiovisual supplement 1Audiovisual SupplementCultural InformationNo,they are all br

2、oken after being soaked in the seawater.There is no trace of human living,and it is just an isolated island.第1页/共139页Pre-reading Activities-Audiovisual supplement 2Audiovisual SupplementCultural Information第2页/共139页Id,ego and super-ego are the three parts of human psyche.1.Id,Ego and Super-ego(propo

3、sed by Sigmund Freud)Cultural information 1Audiovisual SupplementCultural InformationId:the impulsive,child-like portion of the psyche that operates on the“pleasure principle”only taking into account what it wants and disregards all consequencesSuper-ego:working in contradiction to the id striving t

4、o act in a socially appropriate manner,whereas the id just wants instant self-gratification第3页/共139页Ego:Cultural information 2Audiovisual SupplementCultural Informationacting according to the reality principle,i.e.it seeks to please the ids drive in realistic ways that will benefit in the long term

5、rather than bringing grief attempting to exact a balance between the impractical hedonism of the id and the equally impractical moralism of the super-egothe part of the psyche that is usually reflected most directly in a persons actions第4页/共139页Significance:Being aware of these parts of human psyche

6、 can help us better understand ourselves.For example,once our instinct(id)drives us to do something unethical,the super-ego will run counter to this attempt by relating to social morals.The result of this is the ego of us presented before the public,balanced by two forces.Reflect yourselves to see i

7、f these concepts make sense.Cultural information 2Audiovisual SupplementCultural Information第5页/共139页 It is a short story,and the characters in it are mired in a tough situation.When ones existence is threatened,most probably the hidden animal in our nature might jump out.It is up to us to decide wh

8、ether we would let loose our evil nature or resort to something more powerful to conquer this intent.In this short story,the author offers us a possible solution for what we should resort to our commitment to a certain post,i.e.our responsibility for people under our leadership.When the divine half

9、of our self is at the risk of being overwhelmed by the beast half or the bright side of our human nature is at the risk of being overshadowed by the dark side,this kind of commitment or responsibility might have the power toGlobal Reading-Structural analysisRhetorical FeaturesText AnalysisStructural

10、 Analysis第6页/共139页ennoble the human spirit and prevent us from being merely beastly.The ending of the story is quite an idealistic one:when“I”passed the responsibility on to Barrett,the beast in his body suddenly receded or fell tamed under its charm,the consequence of which was that all men were mi

11、raculously rescued before any beastlike deeds were committed.It shows the authors good wish as well as his optimistic view of human nature in critical situations.Global Reading-Structural analysisRhetorical FeaturesText AnalysisStructural Analysis第7页/共139页Structural analysisThe first part(Paragraphs

12、1-2)is the introductory part of the story,and it leaves certain suspense for readers to carry on.The second part(Paragraphs3-23)the author narrates and describes in detail the desperate situation they were in and the responsibility Snyder shouldered.1)In terms of organization,the article clearly fal

13、ls into three main parts:Rhetorical FeaturesText AnalysisThe third part(Paragraphs24-28)is the end of the story.Structural Analysis第8页/共139页Structural analysis2)In the story,we perceive the turn of Jeff Barrett:a strong and dangerous man,a constant threat to the hope of the survivors on the lifeboat

14、 the person to keep the order and protect the water when Snyder was asleep The author wants to convey that how a sense of responsibility could be aroused by ones position.Text AnalysisRhetorical FeaturesStructural Analysis第9页/共139页Rhetorical FeaturesRhetorical devices used in the story the extensive

15、 employment of phrases,either independently or dependently:There wasnt much in it after twenty days.Maybe a pint.(Paragraph 4)used to make the information contained in the previous sentence more concreteJeff Barrett was the nearest one.A constant threat.(Paragraph 9)a sort of appositivee.g.Rhetorica

16、l FeaturesText AnalysisIndependent Phrases Structural Analysis第10页/共139页Rhetorical FeaturesRhetorical FeaturesText AnalysisDependent Phrases(placed immediately after a sentence)Theyd stopped that long ago,too weak to go on.(Paragraph 7)a further explanation of the previous sentenceThe bosns mate was

17、 a heavy man,bald,with a scarred and brutal face.(Paragraph 9)a prepositional phrase which further describes the mane.g.Structural Analysis第11页/共139页Detailed reading 1-2Detailed Reading“Take Over,Bosn!”Oscar Schisgall1 Hour after hour I kept the gun pointed at the other nine men.From the lifeboats s

18、tern,where Id sat most of the twenty days of our drifting,I could keep them all covered.If I had to shoot at such close quarters,I wouldnt miss.They realized that.Nobody jumped at me.But in the way they all glared I could see how theyd come to hate my guts.2 Especially Barrett,whod been bosns mate;B

19、arrett said in his harsh,cracked voice,“Youre a fool,Snyder.Y-you cant hold out forever!Youre half asleep now!”第12页/共139页Detailed reading3-43 I didnt answer.He was right.How long can a man stay awake?I hadnt dared to shut my eyes in maybe seventy-two hours.Very soon now Id doze off,and the instant t

20、hat happened theyd jump on the little water that was left.4 The last canteen lay under my legs.There wasnt much in it after twenty days.Maybe a pint.Enough to give each of them a few drops.Yet I could see in their bloodshot eyes that theyd gladly kill me for those few drops.As a man I didnt count an

21、y more.I was no longer third officer of the wrecked Montala.I was just a gun that kept them away from the water they craved.And with their tongue swollen and their cheeks sunken,they were half crazy.Detailed Reading第13页/共139页Detailed reading5-65 The way I judged it,we must be some two hundred miles

22、east of Ascension.Now that the storms were over,the Atlantic swells were long and easy,and the morning sun was hot so hot it scorched your skin.My own tongue was thick enough to clog my throat.Id have given the rest of my life for a single gulp of water.6 But I was the man with the gun the only auth

23、ority in the boat and I knew this:once the water was gone wed have nothing to look forward to but death.As long as we could look forward to getting a drink later,there was something to live for.We had to make it last as long as possible.If Id given in to the curses,wed have emptied the last canteen

24、days ago.By now wed all be dead.Detailed Reading第14页/共139页Detailed reading7-97 The men werent pulling on the oars.Theyd stopped that long ago,too weak to go on.The nine of them facing me were a pack of bearded,ragged,half-naked animals,and I probably looked as bad as the rest.Some sprawled over the

25、gunwales,dozing.The rest watched me as Barrett did,ready to spring the instant I relaxed.8 When they werent looking at my face they looked at the canteen under my legs.9 Jeff Barrett was the nearest one.A constant threat.The bosns mate was a heavy man,bald,with a scarred and brutal face.Hed been in

26、a hundred fights,and theyd left their marks on him.Detailed Reading第15页/共139页Detailed reading10-1510 Barrett had been able to sleep in fact,hed slept through most of the night and I envied him that.His eyes wouldnt close.They kept watching me,narrow and dangerous.11 Every now and then he taunted me

27、in that hoarse,broken voice:12 “Why dont you quit?You cant hold out!”13 “Tonight,”I said.“Well ration the rest of the water tonight.”14 “By tonight some of usll be dead!We want it now!”15 “Tonight,”I said.Detailed Reading第16页/共139页Detailed reading16-1816 Couldnt he understand that if we waited until

28、 night the few drops wouldnt be sweated out of us so fast?But Barrett was beyond all reasoning.His mind had already cracked with thirst.I saw him begin to rise,a calculating look in his eyes.I aimed the gun at his chest and he sat down again.17 Id grabbed my Luger on instinct,twenty days ago,just be

29、fore running for the lifeboat.Nothing else would have kept Barrett and the rest away from the water.18 These fools couldnt they see I wanted a drink as badly as any of them?But I was in command here that was the difference.I was the man with the gun,the man who had to think.Each of the others could

30、afford to think only of himself;I had to think of them all.Detailed Reading第17页/共139页Detailed reading19-2119 Barretts eyes kept watching me,waiting.I hated him.I hated him all the more because hed slept.He had that advantage now.He wouldnt keel over.20 And long before noon I knew I couldnt fight any

31、 more.My eyelids were too heavy to lift.As the boat rose and fell on the long swells,I could feel sleep creeping over me like paralysis.I bent my head.It filled my brain like a cloud.I was going,going 21 Barrett stood over me,and I couldnt even lift the gun.In a vague way I could guess what would ha

32、ppen.Hed grab the water first and take his drop.By that time the others would be screaming and tearing at him,and hed have to yield the canteen.Well,there was nothing more I could do about it.Detailed Reading第18页/共139页Detailed reading22-2522I whispered,“Take over,bosn.”23Then I fell face down in the

33、 bottom of the boat.I was asleep before I stopped moving 24When a hand shook my shoulder,I could hardly raise my head.Jeff Barretts hoarse voice said,“Here!Take your share o the water!”25Somehow I propped myself up on my arms,dizzy and weak.I looked at the men,and I thought my eyes were going.Their

34、figures were dim,shadowy;but then I realized it wasnt because of my eyes.It was night.The sea was black;there were stars overhead,Id slept the day away.Detailed Reading第19页/共139页Detailed reading26-2826 So we were in our twenty-first night adrift the night in which the tramp Croton finally picked us

35、up but now,as I turned my head to Barrett there was no sign of any ship.He knelt beside me,holding out the canteen,his other hand with gun steady on the men.27 I stared at the canteen as if it were a mirage.Hadnt they finished that pint of water this morning?When I looked up at Barretts ugly face,it

36、 was grim.He must have guessed my thoughts.28 “You said,Take over,bosn,didnt you?”he growled.“Ive been holding off these apes all day.”He hefted the Luger in his hand.“When youre boss-man,”he added,“in command and responsible for the rest you you sure get to see things different,dont you?”Detailed R

37、eading第20页/共139页Do you think Snyder could control the situation?(Paragraphs 1-2)Detailed reading1-2-QuesionNo.This was a situation of confrontation of one versus nine.At present Snyder was in control because he had the gun,but considering the fact that he hadnt slept for seventy-two hours and was al

38、ready half asleep,he could hardly hold on.If he should ever doze off,he would easily find himself on the losing side.Detailed Reading第21页/共139页What was the cause of the confrontation?(Paragraphs 3-23)Detailed reading3-QuesionAfter drifting on the sea for twenty days,the ten survivors of a ship wreck

39、age were dying from thirst.The only canteen left gave them the hope to keep on.Knowing their hope would evaporate once the last drop of water was gone,Snyder,the man in command,was pointing his gun at these thirsty men to prevent them from taking their gulp.But the other men,not realizing his well-m

40、eant will,were glaring at the water,ready to spring up at every minute,take hold of it and gulp it down.Detailed Reading第22页/共139页Detailed reading4-QuesionDetailed ReadingWhy did Snyder insist that they wait till night for the last few drops of water?(Paragraphs 3-23)According to Snyder,the water dr

41、unk in the sun would be sweated out very fast,but if it were taken down at night,it would last longer.第23页/共139页What made Barrett give up his chance of drinking the water?(Paragraphs 24-28)Detailed reading24-QuesionBarrett explained that he was given the responsibility to take others out of danger w

42、hen Snyder handed him the gun and said,“Take over,bosn.”Once given the authority,he would learn to view things from a different angle.Detailed Reading第24页/共139页Detailed reading28 ActivityClass ActivityDebate:Do you believe that in critical moments a persons commitment to certain leading position wil

43、l overcome his/her nature which is mostly selfish?Both the affirmative side and the negative side should illustrate your argument with examples from history or your own experience.Detailed Reading第25页/共139页stern Detailed reading2 sterne.g.Go and stand in/at the stern of the boat.Detailed Readingn.th

44、e rear end of a ship or boate.g.a stern headmaster/parent/police officera.hard,grim,or severe in manner and characterSynonym:austere,exacting,firm,harsh,severe,strict第26页/共139页Detailed reading2-gutsguts n.e.g.Oh,I have a terrible pain in the guts.It feels like food poisoning.Detailed Reading1.the in

45、ternal organs of the abdomen2.courage or determinatione.g.You need a lot of guts to admit your mistake in the presence of your boss.自己创业是需要勇气的。Practice:It takes guts to start a new business on your own.第27页/共139页pounce v.Detailed reading1 pounceCollocation:pounce on/upone.g.The cat was hiding in the

46、 bushes,ready to pounce.e.g.We saw the tiger about to pounce on the goat.Detailed Readingspring or fly down suddenly in order to seize something第28页/共139页Detailed reading1 canteenDetailed Readinge.g.There is little water left in the canteen.canteen n.1.a small,usu.leather container in which water or

47、 other drink is carried2.a place serving food and drink in a factory,an office,a school,etc.e.g.Students prefer to eat in the school canteen because there is a wide variety of foods on the menu,which changes every day.第29页/共139页Detailed reading1 rationDetailed Readinge.g.The government had to ration

48、 the food during the war.ration v.limit the amount of something that each person is allowed to have咖啡每天只能喝两杯。Practice:Coffee is rationed to two cups a day.第30页/共139页Detailed reading1 stare 1Detailed Readinge.g.She was staring into the distance.stare v.gaze fixedlye.g.gaze at the moon;gaze into his e

49、yesComparison:gaze,stare,gape,glare,peer,ogle2.To stare is to gaze fixedly;the word can indicate curiosity,boldness,insolence,or stupidity.e.g.The old couple stared at them in disbelief.stare into the distance1.Gaze refers to prolonged looking that is often indicative of wonder,fascination,awe,or ad

50、miration.第31页/共139页Detailed reading2 stare 2e.g.Tourists are gaping at the sights.Detailed Readinge.g.She glared furiously at him when he contradicted her.e.g.He peered through his spectacles at the contract.3.Gape suggests a prolonged open-mouthed look reflecting amazement,awe,or lack of intelligen