新课标下高中英语阅读技能教学.pptx
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1、2/12/20231讲座提纲讲座提纲高中英语阅读教学中需要注意的一些基本概念及问题What is reading?How do we read?(12 assumptions)高中英语阅读教学中的12大阅读微技能及案例分析高中英语大阅读大阅读教学模式第1页/共118页2/12/20232对于对于What is reading?的理解的理解除了Intensive Reading和Extensive Reading之外,是否了解Silent reading和Oral reading之间的区别是什么?它们各自主要是锻炼学生哪些技能?Silent Reading和Oral Reading之间的区别对高
2、中英语阅读教学的启示是什么?如何确定每堂阅读课的阅读目的?以及由此决定的阅读课堂教学设计思路?新教材课堂阅读教学如何操作效率更高?(课堂阅读教学的目的如何确定以及如何设计阅读教学程序)第2页/共118页对于对于How do we read?的理解?的理解如何深刻理解和把握高中英语课程标准中对阅读能力的要求?学生的阅读困难有哪些?高效阅读的基本特点是什么?如何系统指导学生高效地进行阅读?2/12/20233第3页/共118页高中英语教师对高中英语课程标准中要求的阅读技能的微技能教学是否都熟练把握?对于高考考查的所有阅读技能,是否从高一到高二,乃至到高三,系统地培养学生?2/12/20234第4页
3、/共118页如果系统地培养了学生,老师能否拿出从高一第一堂阅读课到高三最后一堂阅读课上,班级所有学生的不同阅读速度记录表以及阅读理解率记录?而这个记录是体现课程标准中关于“面向全体学生 注重个体差异”和“特别注重培养学生自主学习、主动探究的学习方式”的具体而重要体现!2/12/20235第5页/共118页2/12/20236高中英语课程的总目标高中英语课程的总目标1 1使学生在义务教育阶段英语学习的基础上,进一步明确英语学习的目的,发展自主学习自主学习和合作学习合作学习的能力;形成有效的英语学习策略英语学习策略;培养学生的综合语言运用能力。第6页/共118页2/12/20237高中英语课程的总
4、目标高中英语课程的总目标2 2高中英语课程应强调在进一步发展学生综合语言运用能力的基础上,着重提高学生用英语获取信息、处理信息、分析问题和解决问题的能力,特别注重提高学生用英语进行思维和表达的能力;第7页/共118页2/12/20238高考考察的阅读技能高考考察的阅读技能理解主旨要义理解文中具体信息根据上下文推断生词的词义作出简单判断和推理理解文章的基本结构理解作者的意图和态度第8页/共118页2/12/20239高中英语课程标准高中英语课程标准要求的阅读技能要求的阅读技能理解文章主旨和作者意图(七级)能从一般文字材料中获取主要信息(六级)能从一般性文章中获取和处理主要信息(七级)能利用上下文
5、和句子结构猜测词义(六级)能通过上下文克服生词困难,理解语篇意义(八级)能根据上下文线索预测故事情节的发展(六级)能通过文章中的线索进行推理(七级)能识别不同文体的特征(八级)能通过分析句子结构理解难句和长句(八级)能理解文章主旨和作者意图(七级)能理解阅读材料中不同的观点和态度(八级)第9页/共118页2/12/202310根据上下文推断生词的词义根据上下文推断生词的词义虽然词汇属于语言知识范畴,但是,我国高中生英语词汇学习的主要目的是为了阅读的,其次是为了写作;因此,词汇学习必须融入到大量而高效的英语阅读中才能够得到最终解决和实现;听和读是词汇学习的输入(也就是课程标准中提到的“听、读是理
6、解的技能”),说和写是词汇学习的输出(“说和写是表达的技能”);因此,在日常学习中,既要注意听说读写四项技能的综合训练,又要把大部分时间和精力放在阅读和写作上;第10页/共118页2/12/202311根据上下文推断生词的词义根据上下文推断生词的词义处理生词的策略(Active,receptive and throwaway vocabulary)判断重要词汇判断需要猜测的生词利用定义理解生词利用同义词、反义词和释义猜测生词利用语法猜测生词利用构词法猜测生词利用指示代词猜测生词利用尝试猜测生词第11页/共118页2/12/202312理解词的非字面含义分析词义利用上下文线索猜测词义使用词汇图学
7、习词汇利用分类信息猜测生词利用词典利用缩略语第12页/共118页2/12/202313从教学的角度来说,高中英语教师课堂阅读教学过程中是如何处理词汇的:A.阅读之前让学生快速浏览生词和短语,然后解释;(扫清词汇障碍)B.阅读之前让学生快速浏览生词和短语;C.阅读之前让学生快速浏览指定的生词和短语;D.阅读之前不让学生看生词和短语;E.在阅读前、阅读中和阅读后分别处理不同的词汇;F.Sample:Sample:第13页/共118页2/12/202314第14页/共118页2/12/202315第15页/共118页2/12/202316第16页/共118页2/12/202317第17页/共118页
8、2/12/202318第18页/共118页2/12/202319第19页/共118页2/12/202320第20页/共118页2/12/202321第21页/共118页2/12/202322第22页/共118页2/12/202323第23页/共118页2/12/202324第24页/共118页2/12/202325第25页/共118页2/12/202326第26页/共118页2/12/202327第27页/共118页新课程高中英语技能教学的基本课型新课程高中英语技能教学的基本课型听说课(Listening&Speaking)阅读课(Reading)读写课(Reading&Writing)Int
9、egrated Skills要尽量改变或者防止将高中阅读课变成听说课或者语言知识课进行教学。2/12/202328第28页/共118页2/12/202329课文的主要功能是作为语言知识点的载体吗课文的主要功能是作为语言知识点的载体吗?课文的首要功能不是作为知识的载体,课文首先是用来阅读的;阅读的目的主要是培养阅读能力,其次是提供语言输入和文化输入(注意:不同课型的不同侧重问题);没有必要详细讲解课文中的语言点。如果教师以讲解语言点和词汇知识为主,那教师就只起了一个字典的作用。第29页/共118页2/12/202330新课程的要求新课程的要求1、知识与技能有机融合;2、强调知识的建构,而不是知识
10、的接受;3、以学生的学习活动为主,教师的讲解只起着辅助作用;第30页/共118页2/12/202331新模式之一新模式之一1、激活、共享已有知识与经验;2、接触、体验、理解新知识和新经验;3、学习重点知识与技能;4、实际语言运用。第31页/共118页time when you are not working or studying and can relax and do things you enjoy:Most people now enjoy shorter working hours and more leisure time.2/12/202332第32页/共118页Free run
11、ningFree runningWhat is the meaning of free runningfree running?When do you do free runningfree running?Who would like to do free runningfree running?2/12/202333第33页/共118页2/12/202334第34页/共118页2/12/202335第35页/共118页Free runningFree running trailer large.mov2/12/202336第36页/共118页2/12/202337第37页/共118页2/1
12、2/202338What is reading?What is reading?Longman Dictionary of Language Teaching&Applied Linguistics:Intensive reading&Extensive readingSilent reading&Oral readingReading&Reading SkillsReading&Reading comprehension第38页/共118页2/12/202339What is reading?What is reading?Longman Dictionary of Language Tea
13、ching&Applied Linguistics:1、perceiving a written text in order to understand its content.This can be done silently (silent reading).The understanding that results is called reading comprehension.第39页/共118页2/12/2023402、saying a written text aloud(oral reading).This can be done with or without an unde
14、rstanding of the contents.第40页/共118页2/12/202341How do we read?How do we read?From readers to effective readersFrom effective readers to reading teachersFrom reading teachers to effective reading teachers第41页/共118页2/12/202342第42页/共118页2/12/202343第43页/共118页How do we read?How do we read?1.Reading has o
15、nly one purpose,i.e.to get information.2.Reading is a silent activity.Reading aloud does not help much with understanding.3.Reading with a purpose is more effective than reading without a purpose.4.When we read,our eyes are constantly moving from letter to letter,word to word and sentence to sentenc
16、e.5.Reading mainly is an individual activity.6.We need to read and understand all the words in order to understand a text.第44页/共118页How do we read?How do we read?7.We read everything at the same speed.8.When reading in a foreign language,we mentally translate everything in order to understand.9.It i
17、s helpful to use a dictionary to find the meaning of all new words while reading.10.The lack of cultural knowledge may affect the rate of reading comprehension.11.Possessing a large amount of vocabulary is the key for reading comprehension.12.Reading can best be improved by being engaged in reading
18、and reading more.第45页/共118页2/12/202346How do we read?How do we read?1.Reading has only one purpose,i.e.to get information.2.Reading is a silent activity.Reading aloud does not help much with understanding.3.Reading with a purpose is more effective than reading without a purpose.4.When we read,our ey
19、es are constantly moving from letter to letter,word to word and sentence to sentence.5.Reading mainly is an individual activity.6.We need to read and understand all the words in order to understand a text.第46页/共118页2/12/202347Assumption 1:FalseGetting information is the most important,but not the on
20、ly purpose of reading.Sometimes we read for pleasure,i.e.,when we read literary works.It is suggested “pleasurable reading悦读悦读”helps ESL/EFL students best.第47页/共118页2/12/202348According to Wallace(1992),“an important by-product of reading for pleasure in any language is fluency”and Fluency in readin
21、g is a premise for increasing motivation for language learners to read more.第48页/共118页2/12/202349How do we read?How do we read?1.Reading has only one purpose,i.e.to get information.2.Reading is a silent activity.Reading aloud does not help much with understanding.3.Reading with a purpose is more eff
22、ective than reading without a purpose.4.When we read,our eyes are constantly moving from letter to letter,word to word and sentence to sentence.5.Reading mainly is an individual activity.6.We need to read and understand all the words in order to understand a text.第49页/共118页2/12/202350Assumption 2:Tr
23、ue.Reading aloud is considered more useful for pronunciation practice,listening comprehension,dictation,etc.but it is not a common real-world activity.第50页/共118页2/12/202351Reading aloud in the classroom does not often help students to focus on the meaning of the text because the students have to con
24、centrate on pronunciation,intonation,pausing and the recognition of new words.第51页/共118页2/12/202352Remember,even mouthing can slow down reading and affect understanding.第52页/共118页2/12/202353 Reading aloud Reading aloud Silent reading Silent reading mannerUtterance of every wordSilentspeedUsually slo
25、wUsually fastpurposeUsually to share informationUsually to get informationSkills involvedPronunciation and intonationSkimming,scanning,predictingGuessing unknown wordsUnderstanding detailsUnderstanding relations between sentences and between paragraphsUnderstanding referencesUnderstanding inferences
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