新概念英语第二册第45课.pptx

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1、Newwordsandexpressions clear adj.adj.klikli adj.adj.晴朗的晴朗的,清澈的；无愧的清澈的；无愧的,清白的；清楚的清白的；清楚的,明白的；畅通的明白的；畅通的,无阻的无阻的adv.adv.清晰地清晰地,清楚地；完全清楚地；完全,一直一直vi.vi.转晴转晴vt.vt.扫除扫除,清除；清除；(从电脑中从电脑中)消除消除(数据数据)；证明；证明无罪无罪;宣告宣告无罪无罪第1页/共26页conscience n.n.knns 良心，道德心良心，道德心walletn.wlit皮夹，钱夹皮夹，钱夹savingsn.sevz存款存款villagern.vil

2、id村民村民percentpsent百分之百分之 第2页/共26页1 1A clear conscience A clear conscience 问心无愧clearclear在这里的含义为“清白的”、“无罪的”，因此这个短语又可译为“清白的良心”，相当于 a good consciencea good conscience，反义词为 a bad a bad conscienceconscience（感到内疚）。Language points第3页/共26页2 2The whole village soon learnt that a large sum of money had been T

3、he whole village soon learnt that a large sum of money had been lost.lost.整个村子很快知道，有一大笔钱丢失了。（1 1）villagevillage在这里为总称，指“村民”，the the whole villagewhole village指“全村的人”，后面通常跟单数动词（有时也可视为复数）：The whole village The whole village excited by the news.excited by the news.这消息使全村的人兴奋。（2 2）learnlearn在句中的含义为“获悉”、

4、“得知”：我刚刚得知她病了。waswasIve just learnt that she Ive just learnt that she waswas ill.ill.第4页/共26页3 3Sam Benton,the local butcher,had lost his wallet while taking his savings to Sam Benton,the local butcher,had lost his wallet while taking his savings to the post office.the post office.takingtaking为现在分词。

5、与动名词相似，它也可以有自己的宾语、状语等。在连词whilewhile之后，现在分词短语的作用相当于一个时间状语从句：while he was taking his savings to the while he was taking his savings to the post officepost office。现在分词这样用的前提是两个动词的主语是同一个，并且这两个动作通常是同时发生的：他一边打扫房间一边听音乐。如果是主语不一致则必须用从句：我打扫房间时，他在听音乐。He listened to music while cleaning the room.He listened to

6、music while I was cleaning the room.He listened to music while I was cleaning the room.第5页/共26页4 4Sam was sure that the wallet must have been found by one of Sam was sure that the wallet must have been found by one of the villagersthe villagersmustmust用于对过去已发生的事进行推测时，后面的动词要用完成式：When I arrived,he was

7、nt here.When I arrived,he wasnt here.我到这儿的时候他已不在了。他一定早走了。He must have left early.He must have left early.第6页/共26页5 5it contained half the money he had lost,it contained half the money he had lost,我们既可以说 half the moneyhalf the money，也可以说 half of the half of the moneymoney，它们可以互相替代，但是moneymoney前都必须有th

8、ethe，因为是指特定的钱。再如：这面包有一半已变质了。Half the bread/half of the bread was bad.Half the bread/half of the bread was bad.第7页/共26页6 6In time,all Sams money was paid back in this way.In time,all Sams money was paid back in this way.（1）in time可以表示“经过一段时间”或“最终”、“迟早”：In time,he found all the books he needed.一段时间以后，

9、他找到了他需要的所有书。我最终总有一天会把一切都告诉你的。（2）in this way表示“用这样的方式”：你必须注意你的拼写。这样你才能最终成为一个好秘书。You must pay attention to your spelling.In this way,you can become a good secretary in time.Ill tell you everything in time.Ill tell you everything in time.第8页/共26页 被动语态被动语态一、什么是语态？一、什么是语态？语态是英语动词的一种表现形式，用来说明主语和谓语动语态是英语动词

10、的一种表现形式，用来说明主语和谓语动词之间的关系。词之间的关系。二、语态的种类二、语态的种类：（1 1）主动语态）主动语态 （2 2）被动语态）被动语态三、被动语态的构成：三、被动语态的构成：(八种时态下的被动语态）八种时态下的被动语态）第9页/共26页1)am/is/are+done(过去分词过去分词)一般现在时一般现在时2)has/havebeendone现在完成时现在完成时3)am/is/arebeingdone现在进行时现在进行时4)was/weredone一般过去时一般过去时5)hadbeendone过去完成时过去完成时Visitorsareaskednottotouchtheexh

11、ibits.(展品）AllthepreparationsforthetaskhavebeencompletedAnewcinemaisbeingbuilthereIwasgiventenminutestodecide.Bytheendoflastyear,anothernewgymhadbeencompletedinBeijing.第10页/共26页6)was/werebeingdone过去进行时7)shall/willbedone一般将来时8）should/wouldbedone过去将来时被动语态的特殊结构形式1）带情态动词的被动结构其形式为：情态动词be过去分词。Ameetingwasbe

12、ingheldwhenIwasthere.Hundredsofjobswillbelostifthefactorycloses.Thenewswouldbesenttothesoldiersmotherassoonasitarrived.Thebabycanbetakengoodcareofbythebaby-sitter.第11页/共26页5、主动语态变被动语态应注意的问题1.把主动语态变为被动语态时，应保留主动语态原来的时态。如：Sheoftencleansthehouse.Thehouseisoftencleanedbyher.2.有些动词可以有双宾语，在用于被动结构时，通常变为主语的是

13、间接宾语（sb.）HismothergavehimapresentforhisbirthdayHewasgivenapresentbyhismotherforhisbirthday.第12页/共26页3)当“动词+宾语+宾语补足语”结构变为被动语态时，将宾语变为被动结构中的主语，其余不动.Someonecaughttheboysmokingacigarette(香烟）=Theboywascaughtsmokingacigarette.4）在使役动词have,make,get以及感官动词see,watch,notice,hear,feel,observe等变为被动结构时，要加toSomeones

14、awastrangerwalkintothebuilding=Astrangerwasseentowalkintothebuilding.第13页/共26页5)有些相当于及物动词的动词词组，如“动词介词”，“动词副词”等，也可以用于被动结构，但要把它们看作一个整体，不能分开。其中的介词或副词也不能省略。ThemeetingistobeputofftillFriday第14页/共26页一、系动词taste,smell,feel,sound,prove等可用主动形式表达被动意义。如:1这些花闻起来很香。2那听起来很有道理。3那食物尝起来很可口。Theseflowerssmellsweet.That

15、soundsveryreasonable.Thefoodtastesdelicious.第15页/共26页二、某些与cantwont等连用的不及物动词，如move,lock,shut,open等可用主动形式表达被动意义。如：1盒子不能移动。2门不会关。Theboxcantmove.Thedoorwontshut.第16页/共26页三、某些可用来表示主语内在品质或性能的不及物动词，如sell,write,wash,clean,last(耐久),wear(耐穿),等可用主动形式表达被动意义.如:Thiskindoffoodsellswell.这种食物畅销。Thisclothwasheswellan

16、dlastslong.这布料经洗、耐穿。Thefloordoesntcleaneasily.这地板不容易弄干净。第17页/共26页五、形容词worth后面要用动名词的主动形式表示被动意义。如：1小说值得一读。2事情值得做。Thenovelisworthreading.Thethingisworthdoing.第18页/共26页四、在动词require,need,want等动词之后，可用动名词的主动形式表示被动意义。1树需要浇水。2孩子需要照顾。3电视机需要修理。Thetreesneedwatering.Childrenwantlookingafter.TheTVneedsmending.第19

17、页/共26页六、动词不定式的主动形式表示被动意义：1.不定式作定语与被修饰的名词或代词构成不定式作定语与被修饰的名词或代词构成动宾关系时，如：动宾关系时，如：我有许多事情要做。他有几项任务要完成。Ihavealotofthingstodo.Hehasseveraltaskstocomplete.第20页/共26页2.在“系动词+形容词+不定式”结构中，常见句型有：1)n.+be+too+adj.+todoTheplaneistoohightosee.2)n.+be+adj.+enough+todoThebookischeapenoughformetobuy.3)n.+be+adj.+todoT

18、hequestionisnoteasytoanswer.第21页/共26页（一）改写句子（一）改写句子1.Weplanttreesinspringeveryyear._byusinspringeveryyear.2.Shepostedtheletteryesterday._byheryesterday.3.MrTurnergavemeabirthdaypresent._abirthdaypresentbyMrTurner.4.Heisdrawingapicture._byhim.5.Youmayhandinyourhomeworktomorrow._byyoutomorrow.6.Sheisg

19、oingtowritealetter._byher.TreesareplantedTheletterwaspostedIwasgivenApictureisbeingdrawnYourhomeworkmaybehandedinAletterisgoingtobewritten第22页/共26页7.Ihavegivenyouthenewbook._toyou.8.Herbagcannotbefoundbyher._herbag.9.DoyouoftenhearhersingRussiansongs?_Russiansongsbyyou?10.Shedoesntlethersonswiminthe

20、river._intheriverbyher.11.Thebridgewasbeingbuiltbythematthistimelastyear._thebridgeatthistimelastyear.12.Doessheoftensingthesong?_byher?ThenewbookhasbeengivenShecannotfindIssheoftenheardtosingHersonisntlettoswimTheywerebuildingIsthesongoftensung第23页/共26页Fill in the blanks with words according to the

21、 story.The local _,Sam Benton,was taking his _ to the post office but he lost his _.Sam not only received _ three months later,_ received a note as well.The note _:A thief,yes,but only 50 _ a thief!The thief included a note every time he sent Sam more money.The last note said:I am 100 per cent _ now

22、!butchersavingswallethalf his money butsaidper centhonest第24页/共26页pay backpay back（1 1）偿还：All Sams money was paid back in this way.All Sams money was paid back in this way.萨姆全部的钱都用这样的方式还了回来。Yesterday Sam borrowed some money from me and said that he would pay me Yesterday Sam borrowed some money from

23、 me and said that he would pay me back in a week.back in a week.昨天萨姆从我这里借了些钱，并说一周后还我。（2 2）报答；向报复：Youve been very kind to me.How can I pay you back?Youve been very kind to me.How can I pay you back?你对我太好了。我如何报答你呢？He embarrassed me at the party.Ill pay him back someday.He embarrassed me at the party.Ill pay him back someday.在晚会上他让我难堪了。总有一天我会报复他的。第25页/共26页感谢您的观看！第26页/共26页