雅思阅读判断正误解析.pptx

《雅思阅读判断正误解析.pptx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《雅思阅读判断正误解析.pptx（23页珍藏版）》请在淘文阁 - 分享文档赚钱的网站上搜索。

1、会计学1雅思阅读判断正误解析雅思阅读判断正误解析n nA类考试每次考1-2组，共5-10题左右。n nG类考试一般考3组，20题左右，最多的一次超过30题。所以，G类考生更应重视此种题型。第1页/共23页n n解题步骤解题步骤STEP 1STEP 1：定位，找出题目在原文中的出处。：定位，找出题目在原文中的出处。：定位，找出题目在原文中的出处。：定位，找出题目在原文中的出处。（1 1）找出题目中的关键词，）找出题目中的关键词，最好先定位到原文中的一个段落。将题目中的关键词与原文各段落的小标题或每段话的第一句相对照。最好先定位到原文中的一个段落。将题目中的关键词与原文各段落的小标题或每段话的第一

2、句相对照。有些题目能先定位到原文中的一个段落，这必将大大加快解题时间，并提高准确率。但并不是每个题目都能先定位到原文中的一个有些题目能先定位到原文中的一个段落，这必将大大加快解题时间，并提高准确率。但并不是每个题目都能先定位到原文中的一个段落的。段落的。（2 2）从头到尾快速阅读该段落，根据题目中的其它关键词，在原文中找出与题目相关的一句或几句话。确定一个段落后，答案在该）从头到尾快速阅读该段落，根据题目中的其它关键词，在原文中找出与题目相关的一句或几句话。确定一个段落后，答案在该段落中的具体位置是未知的。所以，需要从头到尾快速阅读该段落，找出该段落中与题目相关的一句话或几句话，通常是一句话。

3、段落中的具体位置是未知的。所以，需要从头到尾快速阅读该段落，找出该段落中与题目相关的一句话或几句话，通常是一句话。（3 3）仔细阅读这一句话或几句话，根据第二大步中的原则和规律，确定正确答案。）仔细阅读这一句话或几句话，根据第二大步中的原则和规律，确定正确答案。（4 4）要注意顺序性，即题目的顺序和原文的顺序基本一致。题目是有顺序的。）要注意顺序性，即题目的顺序和原文的顺序基本一致。题目是有顺序的。n nSTEP 2STEP 2：判断，根据下列原则和规律，确定正确答案。大家可对号入座入座，加快解题的速度和准确率。但大家不要僵化理解。：判断，根据下列原则和规律，确定正确答案。大家可对号入座入座，

4、加快解题的速度和准确率。但大家不要僵化理解。：判断，根据下列原则和规律，确定正确答案。大家可对号入座入座，加快解题的速度和准确率。但大家不要僵化理解。：判断，根据下列原则和规律，确定正确答案。大家可对号入座入座，加快解题的速度和准确率。但大家不要僵化理解。第2页/共23页1 1 TrueTrue第一种情况：题目是原文的同义表达。通常用同义词或同义结构。第一种情况：题目是原文的同义表达。通常用同义词或同义结构。例例 1 1 原文：原文：Few are more than five years old.Few are more than five years old.译文：很少有超过五年的。译文：

5、很少有超过五年的。题目：题目：Most are less than five years old.Most are less than five years old.译文：大多数都小于五年。译文：大多数都小于五年。例例 2 2 原文：原文：Frogs are losing the ecological battle for survival,and Frogs are losing the ecological battle for survival,and biologists are at a loss to explain their demise.biologists are at a

6、 loss to explain their demise.译文：青蛙失去了生存下来的生态竞争能力，生物学家不能解译文：青蛙失去了生存下来的生态竞争能力，生物学家不能解 释它们的死亡。释它们的死亡。题目：题目：Biologists are unable to explain why frogs are dying.Biologists are unable to explain why frogs are dying.译文：生物学家不能解释为什么青蛙死亡。译文：生物学家不能解释为什么青蛙死亡。第3页/共23页1 1 TrueTrue第二种情况：题目是根据原文中的几句话做出推断或归纳。不推断不行

7、，但有时有些同学会走入另一个极第二种情况：题目是根据原文中的几句话做出推断或归纳。不推断不行，但有时有些同学会走入另一个极端，即自行推理或过度推理。端，即自行推理或过度推理。n n例例 1 1 原文：原文：Compare our admission inclusive fare and see how much you save.Compare our admission inclusive fare and see how much you save.Cheapest is not the best and value for money is guaranteed.If you compa

8、re Cheapest is not the best and value for money is guaranteed.If you compare our bargain Daybreak fares,beware-most of our competitors do our bargain Daybreak fares,beware-most of our competitors do not offer an all inclusive fare.not offer an all inclusive fare.题目：题目：Daybreak fares are more expensi

9、ve than most of their competitors.Daybreak fares are more expensive than most of their competitors.例例2 2 原文：原文：For example,it has been demonstrated that rapid response leads to a greater For example,it has been demonstrated that rapid response leads to a greater likelihood of arrest only if response

10、s are in the order of 1-2 minutes after a likelihood of arrest only if responses are in the order of 1-2 minutes after a call is received by the police.When response times increase to 3-4 minutes call is received by the police.When response times increase to 3-4 minutes -still quite a rapid response

11、-the likelihood of an arrest is -still quite a rapid response-the likelihood of an arrest is substantially reduced.substantially reduced.题目：题目：A response delay of 1-2 minutes may have substantial influence on whether A response delay of 1-2 minutes may have substantial influence on whether or not a

12、suspected criminal is caught.or not a suspected criminal is caught.第4页/共23页2.False 第一种情况：题目与原文直接相反。通常用反义词、第一种情况：题目与原文直接相反。通常用反义词、notnot加同义词及反义结构。加同义词及反义结构。n n例例 1 1 原文：原文：A species becomes extinct when the last individual dies.A species becomes extinct when the last individual dies.题目：题目：A species i

13、s said to be extinct when only one individual exists.A species is said to be extinct when only one individual exists.n n例例 2 2原文：原文：It has been successfully used in the United States to provide input into resource It has been successfully used in the United States to provide input into resource expl

14、oitation decisions and assist wildlife managers and there is now enormous exploitation decisions and assist wildlife managers and there is now enormous potential for using population viability to assist wildlife management in potential for using population viability to assist wildlife management in

15、Australias forests.Australias forests.译文：在美国它已经成功地用于支持资源开发和帮助野生生命研究管理者。现译文：在美国它已经成功地用于支持资源开发和帮助野生生命研究管理者。现 在，在使用它对澳大利亚的森林中的野生生物管理上有巨大的潜力。在，在使用它对澳大利亚的森林中的野生生物管理上有巨大的潜力。题目：题目：PVA has been used in Australia for many years.PVA has been used in Australia for many years.译文：译文：PVAPVA已经在澳大利亚使用多年了。已经在澳大利亚使用多

16、年了。Professional Video AssistantProfessional Video Assistant数字视频录像播放机数字视频录像播放机 polyvinyl alcohol polyvinyl alcohol 聚乙烯醇聚乙烯醇Professional Video Assistant Professional Video Assistant 第5页/共23页2.False2.False第二种情况：原文是多个条件并列，题目是其中一个条件（出现第二种情况：原文是多个条件并列，题目是其中一个条件（出现mustmust或或onlyonly）原文是两个或多个情形（通常是两种情形）原文是两

17、个或多个情形（通常是两种情形）都可以，常有都可以，常有bothandbothand、andand、oror及及alsoalso等词。题目是等词。题目是“必须必须”或或“只有只有”其中一个情况，常有其中一个情况，常有mustmust及及onlyonly等词。等词。n n例例 1 1原文：原文：Booking in advance is strongly recommended as all Daybreak tours are subject Booking in advance is strongly recommended as all Daybreak tours are subject

18、to demand.Subject to availability,stand by tickets can be purchased from the to demand.Subject to availability,stand by tickets can be purchased from the driver.driver.n n题目：题目：Tickets must be bought in advance from an authorized Daybreak agent.Tickets must be bought in advance from an authorized Da

19、ybreak agent.n n例例 2 2原文：原文：Since the Winter Games began,55 out of 56 gold medals in the mens Nordic Since the Winter Games began,55 out of 56 gold medals in the mens Nordic skiing events have been won by competitors from Scandinavia or the former skiing events have been won by competitors from Scan

20、dinavia or the former Soviet Union.Soviet Union.题目：题目：Only Scandinavians have won gold medals in the mens winter Olympics.Only Scandinavians have won gold medals in the mens winter Olympics.第6页/共23页2.False2.False第三种情况：原文为人们对与于某样事物的理论或感觉，题目则强调是客观事实或已被证明。原文强调是一种第三种情况：原文为人们对与于某样事物的理论或感觉，题目则强调是客观事实或已被证明

21、。原文强调是一种“理论理论”或或“感觉感觉”，常有、，常有、及等词。题目强调是一种及等词。题目强调是一种“事实事实”，常有，常有factfact及及proveprove等词。等词。n n例例 1 1原文：原文：But generally winter sports were felt to be too specialized.But generally winter sports were felt to be too specialized.题目：题目：The Antwerp Games proved that winter sports were too The Antwerp Game

22、s proved that winter sports were too specialized.specialized.例例 2 2原文：原文：Another theory is that worldwide temperature increases Another theory is that worldwide temperature increases are upsetting the breeding cycles of frogs.are upsetting the breeding cycles of frogs.题目：题目：It is a fact that frogs b

23、reeding cycles are upset by It is a fact that frogs breeding cycles are upset by worldwide increases in temperature.worldwide increases in temperature.第7页/共23页2.False2.False第四种情况：原文和题目中使用了表示不同范围、频率、可能性的词。第四种情况：原文和题目中使用了表示不同范围、频率、可能性的词。原文中常用原文中常用manymany（很多）、（很多）、sometimessometimes（有时）及（有时）及unlikelyu

24、nlikely（不太可能）等词。题目中常用（不太可能）等词。题目中常用allall（全部）、（全部）、usuallyusually（通常）、（通常）、alwaysalways（总是）、及（总是）、及impossibleimpossible（完全不可能）等词。（完全不可能）等词。n n例例 1 1 n n原文：原文：Frogs are sometimes poisonous.Frogs are sometimes poisonous.题目：题目：Frogs are usually poisonous.Frogs are usually poisonous.n n例例 2 2 原文：原文：With

25、out a qualification from a reputable school or university,it is Without a qualification from a reputable school or university,it is unlikely to find a good job.unlikely to find a good job.题目：题目：It is impossible to get a good job without a qualification from a It is impossible to get a good job witho

26、ut a qualification from a respected institution.respected institution.第8页/共23页2.False2.False第五种情况原文中包含条件状语，题目中去掉条件成份。原文中包含条件状语，如第五种情况原文中包含条件状语，题目中去掉条件成份。原文中包含条件状语，如if if、unlessunless或或if notif not也可能也可能是用介词短语表示条件状语如是用介词短语表示条件状语如in,with,but forin,with,but for或或exept forexept for。题目中去掉了这些表示条件状语的成份。这时，

27、答。题目中去掉了这些表示条件状语的成份。这时，答案应为案应为FalseFalse。n n例 1原文：原文：The Internet has often been criticized by the The Internet has often been criticized by the media as a hazardous tool in the hands of media as a hazardous tool in the hands of young computer users.young computer users.题目：题目：The media has often cri

28、ticized the Internet The media has often criticized the Internet because it is dangerous.because it is dangerous.第9页/共23页3.Not Given n n第一种情况：题目中的某些内容在原文中没有提及。题目中的某些内容在原文中找不到依据。第10页/共23页3.Not Given n n第二种情况：题目中涉及的范围小于原文涉及的范围，也就是更具体。原文涉及一个较大范第二种情况：题目中涉及的范围小于原文涉及的范围，也就是更具体。原文涉及一个较大范围的范筹，而题目是一个具体概念。也就是

29、说，题目中涉及的范围比原文要小。围的范筹，而题目是一个具体概念。也就是说，题目中涉及的范围比原文要小。例例1 1原文：原文：Our computer club provides printer.Our computer club provides printer.题目：题目：Our computer club provides color printer.Our computer club provides color printer.n n例例2 2原文：原文：Tourists in Cyprus come mainly from Europe.Tourists in Cyprus come

30、 mainly from Europe.译文：到塞浦路斯旅游的游客主要来自欧洲。译文：到塞浦路斯旅游的游客主要来自欧洲。题目：题目：Tourists in Cyprus come mainly from the UK.Tourists in Cyprus come mainly from the UK.译文：到塞浦路斯旅游的游客主要来英国。译文：到塞浦路斯旅游的游客主要来英国。第11页/共23页3.Not Given n n第三种情况：原文是某人的目标、目的、想法、愿望、保证、发誓等，题目是事实。第三种情况：原文是某人的目标、目的、想法、愿望、保证、发誓等，题目是事实。原文中常用原文中常用ai

31、maim（目的）、（目的）、purposepurpose（目的）、（目的）、promisepromise（保证）、（保证）、swearswear（发誓）及（发誓）及vowvow（发誓）（发誓）等词。题目中用实意动词。等词。题目中用实意动词。例例 原文：原文：He vowed he would never come back.He vowed he would never come back.题目：题目：He never came back.He never came back.第12页/共23页3.Not Given n n第四种情况：题目中有比较级，原文中没有比较。第四种情况：题目中有比较级

32、，原文中没有比较。例例1 1原文：原文：In Sydney,a vast array of ethnic and local In Sydney,a vast array of ethnic and local restaurants can be found to suit all palates restaurants can be found to suit all palates and pockets.and pockets.题目：题目：There is now a greater variety of restaurants There is now a greater varie

33、ty of restaurants to choose from in Sydney than in the past.to choose from in Sydney than in the past.第13页/共23页NOTECENOTECEn n1 1 一定要依据原文，不能凭皆自己的知识。一定要依据原文，不能凭皆自己的知识。原文是判断的唯一根据。所以，无论你对文章内容或背景多么熟悉，或者你的知识多么丰富，都不能原文是判断的唯一根据。所以，无论你对文章内容或背景多么熟悉，或者你的知识多么丰富，都不能凭借自己的知识来确定答案。凭借自己的知识来确定答案。n n例例1 1原文：原文：His ai

34、m was to bring together,once every four years,athletes His aim was to bring together,once every four years,athletes from all countries on the friendly fields of amateur sport.from all countries on the friendly fields of amateur sport.译文：他的目的是把各国的运动员每四年一次聚集到友好的业余运动的译文：他的目的是把各国的运动员每四年一次聚集到友好的业余运动的 赛场上

35、。赛场上。题目：题目：Only amateur athletes are allowed to compete in the modern Olympics.Only amateur athletes are allowed to compete in the modern Olympics.译文：只有业余运动员被允许在现代奥运会中竞争。译文：只有业余运动员被允许在现代奥运会中竞争。第14页/共23页NOTECENOTECEn n2 2 可以依据原文做适当的推断，但不能做无根据的自行推断或过度推断。可以依据原文做适当的推断，但不能做无根据的自行推断或过度推断。有些题目需要根据原文做适当的推断，

36、才能确定正确答案，但必须是根据原文来做推断，不能做毫有些题目需要根据原文做适当的推断，才能确定正确答案，但必须是根据原文来做推断，不能做毫无根据的推理。而且一般来讲，即使有推理，也只推一步，不要推得很深。有些阅读水平好的同学，无根据的推理。而且一般来讲，即使有推理，也只推一步，不要推得很深。有些阅读水平好的同学，如果不掌握前面的规律和方法，做这种题型反而错得更多，主要原因就是想得太多，或推理得太多和如果不掌握前面的规律和方法，做这种题型反而错得更多，主要原因就是想得太多，或推理得太多和太深。太深。第15页/共23页NOTECENOTECEn n3 要注意题目要求答什么。n nTrue/Fals

37、e/Not GivenTrue/False/Not Givenn nT/F/NGT/F/NGn nYes/No/Not GivenYes/No/Not Given第16页/共23页NOTECENOTECEn n4 4 题目中若出现题目中若出现mustmust、onlyonly、allall及及alwaysalways，答案一般不会是，答案一般不会是TrueTrue。题目中出现这些瓷很常见，题目中出现这些瓷很常见，95%95%的答案都不是的答案都不是TrueTrue。笔者只遇到过一次题目中出现了。笔者只遇到过一次题目中出现了mustmust而而答案为答案为TrueTrue的情况。题目中出现上述这

38、些词，答案的情况。题目中出现上述这些词，答案FalseFalse是还是是还是Not GivenNot Given，就不一定，需要根，就不一定，需要根据上面讲的规律再做判断，一般答案是据上面讲的规律再做判断，一般答案是FalseFalse的比例更大一些。不看原文，下面几个题目的答的比例更大一些。不看原文，下面几个题目的答案都是案都是FalseFalse。i.Europeans learned all of what they knew of edible,wild plants from Aborigines.i.Europeans learned all of what they knew o

39、f edible,wild plants from Aborigines.ii.Before the dry plate process short exposures could only be achieved with cameras held in the hand.ii.Before the dry plate process short exposures could only be achieved with cameras held in the hand.第17页/共23页NOTECENOTECEn n5 答案选择有一定的规律。n nA 题目数目在5个或5个以上时，三种答案都

40、要出现。题目数目在5个以下时，则不一定。B 可以连续三题答案都一样，如都是Ture，但还没有连续四题答案都一样。连续三题都一样的情况也不多见，笔者只遇到过两次，一次都是Ture，一次都是Not Given。第18页/共23页NOTECENOTECEn n6.要相信自己的第一感觉，不要轻易改答案。在考试中，除非有特别强的理由，否则不要轻易改答案，人的第一感觉往往是正确的。很多同学都将正确的答案改错了。第19页/共23页 细化判断题步骤细化判断题步骤:1.1.从题干入手，划出定位词，圈出考点词从题干入手，划出定位词，圈出考点词2.2.回原文定位（定位包含定位词的一句话，或上下相关两句话）回原文定位

41、（定位包含定位词的一句话，或上下相关两句话）3.3.比对考点词，做出判断。比对考点词，做出判断。一个判断题通常对应一句话。一个判断题通常对应一句话。一个段落通常包含一个段落通常包含 1-2 1-2 个判断题。个判断题。n nThe plight of the rainforests has largely been ignored by the media.The plight of the rainforests has largely been ignored by the media.n n原文原文:In the face of the frequent and often vivid

42、media coverage,it is likely that children will have formed ideas about rainforests:In the face of the frequent and often vivid media coverage,it is likely that children will have formed ideas about rainforestsn nKey:FKey:Fn nChildren only accept opinions on rainforests that they encounter in their c

43、lassrooms.Children only accept opinions on rainforests that they encounter in their classrooms.n n原文原文:In the face of the frequent and often vivid media coverage,it is likely that children will have formed ideas about rainforests-:In the face of the frequent and often vivid media coverage,it is like

44、ly that children will have formed ideas about rainforests-what and where they are,why they are important,what endangers them-independent of any formal tuition.what and where they are,why they are important,what endangers them-independent of any formal tuition.n nKey:FKey:Fn nIt has been suggested th

45、at children hold mistaken views about the pure science that they study at school.It has been suggested that children hold mistaken views about the pure science that they study at school.n n原文原文:Many studies have shown that children harbour misconceptions about pure,curriculum science.:Many studies h

46、ave shown that children harbour misconceptions about pure,curriculum science.n nKey:TKey:T第20页/共23页The fact that childrens ideas about science form part of a larger framework of ideas means that it is easier to change them.原文:These misconceptions do not remain isolated but become incorporated into a

47、 multifaceted,but organised,conceptual framework,making it and the component ideas,some of which are erroneous,more robust but also accessible to modification.Key:TThe study involved asking children a number of yes/no questions such as Are there any rainforests in Africa?原文:Secondary school children

48、 were asked to complete a questionnaire containing five open-form questions.The second question concerned the geographical location of rainforests.The commonest responses were continents or countries:Africa(given by 43%of children),South America(30%),Brazil(25%).Key:F第21页/共23页Girls are more likely t

49、han boys to hold mistaken views about the rainforests destruction.原文:More girls(70%)than boys(60%)raised the idea of rainforest as animal habitats.Similarly,but at a lower level,more girls(13%)than boys(5%)said that rainforests provided human habitats.Key:NGThe study reported here follows on from a series of studies that have looked at childrens understanding of rainforests.原文:These observations are generally consistent with our previous studies of pupils views about the use and conservation of rainforests.Key:T第22页/共23页