2023年人教版高一英语必修一笔记.docx

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1、Unit 1 Friendsh i p课堂笔记1、Y o ui e r d come s to school very up s e t.你的朋友来上学时心情很不好。upset既可以作动词又可以作形容词，在此处是形容词，作补语，用来补充形容主语 your f r ien d来学校时的心情。The farm e r c ame back h ome t i r ed a n d hung r y.那个农民回家时又累又饿。tired and h un gry 修饰主语 t he farmerDont marr y y o u ng,不要早婚。you ng补充修饰省去的主语 youWh o has

2、I eft the door open?谁把门敞开的？open是形容词,补充修饰宾语thedool cant dr i nk it hot.这东西热的我不能喝。hot作补语.修饰宾语it2、You will tell y o ur fiend t hat y o u ae co n c e med abo u t him / her b u t you have t o go to c las s .你会告诉你的朋友你很关心他(或她)，但是你得去上课，be conce r n ed abo u t 为紧张;关心；关注。T h e f amily are a I I cone e rned ab

3、out he r safe t y.(b e concerned about = be wor r i ed about)全家人对她的安全十分紧张。Why is sh e so cone e r ned a bout t h e game?(be concernedabout = b e i n ter e st e d in)她为什么对这场比赛这么关注（重视）？The gi r I h as be e n i n I o ve with a foreigner fora week.这女孩和一个外国人相爰已经一个星期了。同类短语（试比较）：动态状态catch up with sbke e p

4、up with sbget i n touch with sbke e p in touc h with s bget i n t o t r o u b Ieb e i n t r o ubl eg e t m a rri e d to s bbe marri e d t o s b练习用括号里的词语翻译句子：1 .她的成功增添了我们的喜悦(add to)H e s ucc e s s(has) a d d ed toourhapp i ness.2 .李东爱上了短篇小说。(fall i n love)L i Dong has fa I Ien in lovn wi t h s t oies

5、.3 .我得把昨天的报纸仔细读读。(have go t to, go through)I h a v e g ot to go I houqh y estedays news p apes.4 .你应当和她面对面谈谈。(face to face)You should have a talkwithhefree to face.5 .为了出国，他拼命赚钱。(wi t h the pu r p o se o f)He tie s his bes t t o eac mo n ey with t h e purpose of go i ng aboad.Un i t 2 Engli s h arou

6、n d the world课堂笔记1 x more than多于;不仅 not more than 不多于no more tha n 仅仅less than 少于not I ess than 不少于Did you know thee i s more t han one kind of Engl i sh in th e wo r Id? 你知道世界上的英语不只一种吗？Im at r a id sh e i s less than e i g hteen t h i s y ear.恐怕她今年不到18岁。T h ere a r e not m o re than f i tty- four s

7、 tu d e nts i n each c las s .每个班上的学生不多于5 4人“Her si s ter is n o more tha n e I e ve n o I d t h is year.她妹妹今年（仅仅）只有w岁。2、play a. . . role/part i n扮演角色；担任职务play a . part in take a . par t inWo men of Ch i na p I a y an i mpo r t a nt ro I e / p a rt in e very f i eld.中国妇女在各个领域都发挥了重要作用。This ac t or pl

8、ayed a leading par t /role in t his f i Im.这个演员在那部电影中担任主角,We al I t ake/play an act i ve part in sports.我们都积极参与体育锻炼，3x then ever be f ore 比以往任何时候更than be f ore, t han e ver 比以前th a n u s ua I 比平时这些短语常与比较级连用.例如：Torn g o t up earlier this morning than eve r bef o r e .汤姆今天比以往任何时候都起来得早。：2 Most of us s

9、t udy English m u ch harder t h an be f ore/ e ver/usual.我们大多数人学英语比以前用功多了。4、because of介词，“由于”的意思，其后接名词、代词或短语等，不能接句子。bee ause连词，也是“由于”的意思，其后要接句子。The boy di d nt come t o sc hoo I yesterda y because h e was ill.The boy d i d nt come to sc h o o I y esterday be c a use o f his i I In e s s.5、a number o

10、f大的,很多的”意思，修饰可数名词，其后谓语要用复数；t he num berof .的数（数目），谓语要用单数。A numbe r o f f o r e i gners a re going t o our s c h o o I.很多外国人要到我们学校来。The number of th e students of o ur s c ho o I i s 2 5 0 0.我们学校的学生总数是2500人。6、come up 上来过来;生长出；出现发生W i II y ou come u p t o Beij i ng nex t month?你下个月能到北京来吗？They g ot u p

11、 earl y to watch t h e sun com e up.他们早起，为的是看日出。Spri n g has come and th e g r a ss is be g i nning to co me u p .春天到了，草开始长出地面。7、such as , like, for example这三介词语都有“例如”的意思,fo r example在句 首时,后面用逗号隔开，在句中时前后都用逗号隔开；such a s和like用于句中，之后不能用 逗号隔开。English i s a I so spoken in many othe r countries, such as S

12、outh Afri c a, Singapo r eand Malay s ia.其它一些国家也讲英语，比如南非、新加坡和马来西亚,，（此处的such as可换为 like）He I i kes spo r ts very much, fo r examp I e , swimming and s kating.他非常喜欢体育运动.比如游泳和滑冰,8、give a comma n d （名词）= g i ve orders 下命令；c o mma nd sb t o do sth （动词）=o r der sb t o do s t h 命令某人做某事The sold i ers starte

13、 d o u t as soon as t he o f fi c er gave a comm a nd.军官一下命令战士们就出发了。The officer commanded/o r dered th e s oldiers to s et ou t at once.军官命令战士们立即出发，语法：祈使句1、比较:No t pol i tePo 1 i teVery p o 1 iteOpen t h e w i ndow !T u rn off t he TV !Please open the w indow !PI e a se turn off the T V !Wo u 1 d yo

14、 u pie a s e op e n the w i ndow?Wou 1 d you pie a se t u r n o ff th e TV?2、点拨：（间接引语中祈使句的固定搭配）t el I sb t o d o sth告诉某人做某事tel I s b no t t o do sth告诉某人不要做某事t el I s b neve r to do s t h 告诉某人千万别做某事as k sb to do sth 请某人做某事a s k sb not to do sth请某人不要做某事a s k sb never to do sth请某人千万别做某事order/command sb

15、 to do sth 命令某人做某事3、练习：“Look at the b I ackboard , boys ! said the t each er.T：What did the t eacher s ay?S ： The teach e r to I d the boys t o look at the black b oard.Don t throw t he waste pa p e reverywhere , c h i Iden!”said th eman.T ： W h at did t he man say?S : The man t o Id t h e children

16、not to throw t h e waste p aper ev e rywhere.“S tand in lin e , p lease ! S he said to th e guests.T：What d i d she s ay to t he guests?S ： Sh e ask ed the gues ts to startd in lin e .“Never be la t e fo r cla s s a ga i n, Li D ong. Sai d Mr. BlackT：What di d Mr. Bia c k say t o L i Don g ?S ： Mr.

17、B I ack told L i Dong nevet o be late f or class a g ain.4,Put out t h e f i re a s soon a s poss i b I e, yo u n g boys ! comm a nde d t he of f icer.T：What did t he offi c e r command e d ?S：The office r comma n ded the you n g bo y s t o pu t out t h e fire as soon as poss ible .重点词汇1、i n c I u d

18、e包含、涉及including （现在分词）i n eluded （过去分词）There are se v e n p e ople i n my famil y , wh i ch includes my unc I e .我们家共7个人，其中涉及我叔叔。（in elude指整体中包含部分）=Th ere are seven people in my fami I y, includ i ng m y u nc I e.=The r e are s e ve n peo p I e i n m y family, my unci e i ncl u d e d.=T h e re are s

19、e v en peop Ie in my fami I y, and my u n cl e i s i n c I ude d.2、because, because of 由于because是连词，后面接句子，because o f是短语介词，后面接名词或代词口Our manager d i dnt atten d o u r pa r ty bee aus e he was busy. 由于忙，经理没有参与我们的集会.=Our ma n a ge r did n 1 t attend our party b ecau s e of busyn e ss.J ack d i dnt come

20、 to sc hoo I yesterday because he was ill.由于生病，杰克昨天没上学二= Jac k d id nt co me to school yes t e r d a y beca u se of h is i I I n ess.以下短语介词相称于because of的用法，以后会逐渐接触到:th a nks to,owi n g t o.due t o , as a re s u I t of,on accoun t of3、a ctual I y 事实上 =i n f ac t =in reality =as a matt e r o f fa c t

21、= in ef fe c tHe pret e nded t o be r i ch. Actuall y , he h as li t tie m o ney.他假装很富有，其实他没有什么钱=H e p r etended t o be rich. In f a ct, he h a s lit t Ie mone y.=He p r e t en ded to be ri c h. In real i ty, he has I i ttle money.=He pre t e nded t o be r ich . As a mat t er o f fact, he has li 11

22、I e mo n ey.4、presen t adj.现在的;出席的，到场的at pres ent 现在=pesentl y =now易混点:pres ent因意思不同，在句中的位置也不同样。Most people are sa t i s f ied wi t h the prese n t g ove r nmen t .大多数人对本届政府感到满意。Al I t he people p r es en t agre e d to our p I an.所有出席的人都赞成我们的计划。A t present, many people enjoy s ports i n t heir s par

23、e t i me. 现在，很多人喜欢在业余时间锻炼身体。注意：pre s ent出席的，参与的，放在被修饰的名词后边。除此之外,pre sent n.礼物p r esent vt.赠送（注意读音不同）He p r e s ented me a pre sen t at my bi rthday pa rty.5、c ommand sb to do sth/o r der sb to do sth命令某人做某事command和or de均具有“命令”的含义、用法大体相同，两者均指正式下命令，并 且这种命令具有绝对权威性,不得违抗，必须服从，不同之处是，command侧重用于 军事方面.而orde

24、r除可用于军事方面外，还可指一般的命令，并具有规劝的意思，试比较： T h e gene r a I commande d / o r dered his men to at t a c k t he city.将军命令其战士攻打城市。The doctor has ordered her a month s rest in bed.医生要他躺一个月。lfyou make an y more noise, I sh a I I or d er / command you out o f t h e hall.要是你们还吵吵嚷嚷的，我就叫你们滚出大厅.6、request, ask, beg , r

25、eq u i re这几个动词都有“请求，规定”的意思，但有区别。当“请求”讲时,ask最通俗，最口语化。I asked her to sh ut the window.我请她把窗户关上。eques t也是“请求”的意思,但重要用于庄重的发言和文字中，常用于通告中，多用于被动语态.Pas s engers are k i ndly r equeste d n ot to smoke in th e car.乘客请勿在车厢（或汽车内）抽烟.beg是“乞求”的意思，态度很谦恭。规定别人给予较大的帮助。H e kn e w he had hu r t her an d b eg g e d her t

26、o forgive him.他自知伤了她的心而恳求她原谅。requ i re是上对下，长辈对子女或依法进行的某种规定。Before t h e match the p o lice req uired us t o show o ur tic k e t s.比赛之前，警察规定我们出示看票。These books a re req u i r ed r eading.这些书是必读的。7 in the d i rec t ion o f 还是 to the dire ct i on of?英语中表达方向的介词多用to.但是，朝方向,不能说t。t he direction of,要用 in the

27、direction of. The ho r se r an a way i n the directionof theforest.马朝森林方向跑去了。A f ter schoo I t he c hildren wen t home in eve r y dire ct i on.放学之后，同学们朝不同方向回家了。除此之外，常见的表达方向的介词尚有：They will I eave for Bei j ing t h is a ft e moo n .他们下午到北京去。The dog i s comingat the s t r a n ger.狗朝那个陌生人扑去。They swam to

28、w a r ds t he i s I and.他们向小岛游去。The enemy was sur r ounded from di f fere nt directions.敌人被四周八方包围了。Unit 3 Trave I j ourn a I课堂笔记1、Since high school, my sister Wang Wei and IWan。Kun, had dreamed about t a kinga ge a t b ike trip.从高中起，我姐姐王薇和我王坤就一直想作一次自行车旅行。d r eam o f /about doing sth 梦想做某事l t * s a s

29、 mall tow n . You c an ne ver dreamof doing shopp i n g after 5 oclock i nthe e v en i n g.那是个小镇，天天下午五点钟以后你别想逛商店。The gi r I a I ways dre a ms of b eco ming a teac h er li k e her m o t h e r. 这个女孩总是梦想像妈妈同样当个教师，2、 It was my sister who first had the i dea t。 cycle along the Mekong River from wherei t

30、b e g i ns to where it en d s.一方面想到要沿湄公河从源头到终点骑车旅游的是我的姐姐.11 was . . who/that是个强调句型,用来强调句子中除谓语之外的各种成分.以引起听者或读者的注意，强调句型的完整结构是：It is/was+被强调部分+who/that+句中原有其它部分。指人是常用who,也可以用th at,指物或值时间、地点等时用thatolt was Jack who often helped us I earn Eng I i sh last year.是杰克去年经常帮助我们学英语:I t was last year tha t J ac k

31、o f t en h e Ip e d us lea r n E n g I i sh.（止匕 处t h a t不能换为 when）是去年，杰克经常帮助我们学英语.二3、The r she pesuaded me t。buy ore.然后她还说服了我也买了一辆（山地车）。pe r s u ade . to d o = p ersuad e . . . i nto do i n g 说服某人做某事 persuade . no t to do=pers uade . out of doing 说服某人不要做某事l advised him to give u p s moki n g, but I

32、c o u I dnt pers u ade h i m （to do so）.我劝他把烟戒掉，说服不了他,M any adve r t isemen t s t ry to persuade people in t o buying their P roducts.很多广告设法说服人们购买他们的产品。4、Alt h o ugh sh e di d r t k row t h e best way o f oe I ting topi aces, she i n s ist e d t hatwe f i nd t h e s o ucl of th e ri v er an d begin

33、joun ey th e e 虽然她对某些地方的最佳路线并不清楚，她却坚持我们要找到河的源头并从那里开始我 们的行程。3、She said. I d ont want to set d own a sei e s of facts in a d i y I i k e most peopl edo, but I want this diary itself to be my friend. and I shall call my fie ndKitt y ”她说,“我不乐意像大多数人那样在日记中记流水账，我要把这本日记当作我的朋友，我 要把这个朋友称作基蒂。” s e t down 放下=pu

34、t dow nset down 记下 =w r ite down = ta k e down = pu t d ownHe entere d the house, se t down h i s heav y bag, and a sked to r s o me wat e r to dr i n k.他进了屋子，放下沉重的口袋，向人要点水喝。He spoke too fast and I couIdn t set down what he said.他讲得不久我记不下来他所讲的内容。4、I wonder if i ts because I havent been ab I e to be

35、outdoors foso long t h atI ve grown so cazy ab out everything to dow i th nature.我不知道这是不是由于我长期无法出门的缘故，我变得对一切与大自然有关的事物都无 比狂热。此处的i t s because . that .是强调句型，意为“由于所以”O I t wa s because h e was I ate ag a in that his teache r s co I ded him.由于他再次迟到、所以老师责备了他。 Its a II beca use he st u die s h a rd that h

36、e does well in every s ubje c t.完全是由于他学习努力,所以他各门功课成绩优秀。在it is之后表因素的从句中，becaus e不能由since和as替换i nsist后面的从句中常用虚拟语气，从句的谓语由s hou I d+动词原形构成，其中sh ould可以省略。M y pa r ents ins i s ted t hat l(sh o ul d) lea r n m e dici n e i n s t ea d of law.我的父母坚持要我学医,不要学法律, Zhang Hua ins i s t e d th at w e (should) star

37、t at once. 张华坚持要我们立即出发。中学英语中类似的常用动词有1 o个，都是课程标准规定掌握的词汇，可用一、三、四的方法来记，这些动词简称为：一个“坚持”，两个“命令二三个“建议”，四个 “规定”，它们是：1 i n s is t2 order/command3 s u gg e s t/a d vi s e/r e c ommen d4 req u ire/req u e st/demand/d es i re5、She gave me a de t emined lookt he kind hat sa i d she wouI d nt char g e h min d .给了

38、我一个就坚定的眼神一这种眼神表白她是不会改变主意的“determ i ned是形容词,由动词d etemine变化而来，意为“坚定的，坚决的，be dete r mined t o do sth的意思是“决定干某事”。 Hecmother i s a de t e r mined woman who a I way s g ets what s h e wa n t s.他母亲是一个坚定的女人，她总能达成自己的目的，They are de t e r mined to send up a nothe r man -made satellite.他们决定发射另一颗人造卫星。相关链接：“作出决定”

39、的多种表达法1 decide to do sth=2 make a decision to do sth3 de t ermi n e t o do s th=determ i ne on / upon sth = be determined to d o sth4 make u p o n es mind to do s t h6、One e she has made uphemind, nothin。 care harge it.她一旦下了决心，什么也不能使她改变。once作副词时，有“一次”、“曾经”等意思,此处是作连词，连接条件状语从句，意为“一旦”。Once y o uve made

40、 up y our m i n d , you mu s t go o n .一旦你下定决心，就必须坚持下去。Once you show fear, he wil I a t tack you.你一旦显出胆怯，他就会袭击你。7、To cl i mb the mounta i road w a s h ard wok but t o g。 down th e hills was geat fu r .上山很艰难.而下山却很好玩。此句中的动词不定式短语to c I i mb the mountain road和to go down t he hills 都是作主语，一定要注意。造飞机比造火车难得多

41、.： Make a p la n e is much more d i f f i c ult t h an make a train.IE： T o ma k e a pl a n e is m u ch more di f ficul t than t o make a trai n .语法:进行时态表将来表达按原定计划进行某事时.可以使用进行时态表达将来（现在进行时表将来.过去进 行时表过去将来），这种情况常用于表达运动的动词c o me, go ,st ay,arrive, leave 等，或者是表达交通方式、行程安排的动词如fly, walk, r id e ,dri v e（a b

42、us, a taxi） 等。We are leaving at noon .我们中午出发，（已经决定） I was goin g t o play basketball, but i t beg an to r ain.我本来是打算去打篮球的，但下起雨来了。练习1、In t h e follow i ng dialogue, a newspap e r rep orter i s in t e rviewing Wang We i abouthe r plans for th e trip a long t h e M e k o n g Ri v er. However, t he y a

43、re n o t sure aboutsome of t he verb tense s . Please help them complete th eirco nve rs a t i o n.R ： M i s s Wa n g , I hea r that you a re going t o t ravel along the M e k on g R i ver. Thatsr e ally exci t i ng. H a ve you go t ev e ry t hing re a d y ?W : Almo s t.R ：Whe n are y ou g o ing/le

44、a ving?W ： Next Mon day.R : How f a r are you goi n g / leav i neach da y ?W：lt 1 s hard t o say. If the weather is fine, I t hink we II be abIe t o rid7 5 km a day.R：Wh ere are you s t ay i n g at night?W：Usually i n o ur tent, but some t imes in a small ho t el in t own.R : Do you t hink yo u are

45、co m i nq back here soon?W：0h,we aenot c oming ba c k to thi s place. We are going ho me. Thatl I b e amonth la t er.R ： T h ank yo u f or y our time, Mis s Wang. Good luck on your jo u rne y !W ： Thank you.重点词汇1、diary/jo u r n a I 日记diary只有“日记”的意思，是指daily of ev e vt s、thoughts, etc.（对已发生的事 ft或产生的思想

46、等记载），keep adiay记日记:journal的意思较多;记日记”也可说keep a jounal,但 j ournal 多指 daily record of news, events, bus in ess ac c o unts（新闻，事件或商业日记帐等）.He wr i t es a diary in E ngl i sh eve r y day.他天天用英语记日记。We k n ow it f rom his travel jo u rn a I.我们是从他的旅行日记中知道这件事的。2、fare/cost/expen se 费用fare：车费,船费等交通费用cost ：成本:代价

47、;某方面的费用expen se ：（金钱、时间、精力等的）花费，指具体费用时常用复数用括号里的词填空：The battle was won at a great cost of I i fe, only af t er m any soI die r s had b eenk i I led. （fare / cos t）1 h ave no enough money to pay the fare fro m J a p an to China .（fare/mo n ey）1 w a nt t h e be s t clo t hes yo u ca n make, you need spare no exp e v s e. 什ae/ exp e n