Unit2BridgingCultures基础知识学案（教师版）人教版高中英语选择性必修第二册.docx

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1、【人教版2019选择性必修第二册Unit 2 Bridging Cultures基础知识【课前检查】单句语法填空1 .Cheer up! You neednt feel(frustrate) at your failure in the exam.2.Officials say that few citizens(infect) with the virus owing to effective prevention now.3 .These are just some(proof) that we could do for the program.4 .Thcse events(severe

2、) affect our environment as well as human health.5 .Carbon emissions from human activities are partly to blame our warming planet.6 . The police think there may be a link the two cases.7 .The countiy has to import most of its raw(material).8 . Moreover, in his use of maps and statistics, John Snow(t

3、ransform) the way that scientists study diseases.9.1 could trace my family tree back the 17lh century.10. Frank Hurley, a confident and(gift) Australian photographer who knew the Antarctic, was hired to make the images全国卷 II)It rains so hard and it looks it will last long.11. Fve just read a moving

4、story. Thats my face is bathed in tears.12. You are saying that everyone has already had equal rights, and this is I disagree.13. . Researchers are working on making a form of medicine that can be taken directly into ones lungs, (decrease) the chance of side effects.14. The puzzle of the librarian w

5、as wallet it was and how to return it.1.1 1 have times when I feel(frustrate) and wish I could get away, to anywhere, just have a change of scenery for a minute! (2020山东高考模拟卷).They help the body defend itself against some kinds of(infect).(四川卷)17 .His presence meant that I had an unexpected teaching

6、(assist) in class whose creativity would infect other siudents.(全国卷 11).With the widespread use of the Internet, communications across the world have(steady) developedover the years.(2020天津 5 月卷)18 .Challenging work that requires lots of analytical(think), planning and other managerial skills mighth

7、elp your brain stay sharp as you age.(2020浙江 7 月卷)Keys: 1 .frustrated 2.are infected 3.proofs (同类型拓展 belief、chief、roof) 4.severely 5.for6. between 7. materials 8. transformed 9. to 10. gifted 11. that 12. why 13. where 14 .to decrease 15. whose 16.frustrated 17. infections 18. assistant 19. steadily

8、 20 thinking语法填空Stephen Hawking, who tried 32.(explain) some of the most complicated questions of life while himself working under the shadow of a poor physical condition, has died at the age of 76. He died 33.(peace) at his home in Cambridge in the early hours of Wednesday. The UKs Press Associatio

9、n时，导师跟她解称说，如果引用别人的观点就一定要注明，不过导师主要是想知道她自己是怎么想的！ 句式分析：名词性短语the first time (that)在此作连词，引导时间状语从句，表示“第一次时【归纳拓展】(1) the first lime用作连词引导时间状语从句,意为“第一次时”，而for the first lime是介词短语,意为“第一次”，在句子中作状语。(2)引导时间状语从句的短语或词还有 every time, each time, the last time, the moment, the minute, immediately, directly等，起从属连词的作用。

10、即学即练：(1)我第一次见到她时，她穿着一条红裙子。(2)第一次给旅行团作讲解时，我感觉很糟。Keys: (1) The first time I saw her, she wore a red skirt. (2) I felt bad the first time I talked to a group.3 .原句复现】Cooperating with people from diverse cultural backgrounds helps us view the world from different angles and thus gives us more insight in

11、to our own culture.与来自不同文化背景的人合作有助我们从不同的 视角看世界，进而让我们对自己的文化有更深入的了解。句式分析：句中 Cooperating with people from diverse cultural backgrounds 为动词 ing 形式作主语, 【归纳拓展】(1)动词ing形式是一种非谓语形式，其可以在句子中充当除谓语动词以外的多种成分，除了作主语 外，还可以作宾语、表语等。(2)动词ing形式作主语时(特别是较长时)，经常可以换用形式主语it的句式。动词ing形式作主语时，谓语动词要用单数形式。即学即练：(1)做不像说那么容易。(2)眼见为实c

12、Keys: (1) Doing is not so easy as saying. Seeing is believing.4 .原句复现】He is still too young to know how to act and talk on such occasions.他还太年轻，不知遒如何 在这样的场合行动和交谈。该句中使用了 too . to .结构，意为“太而不能”，too后面跟形容词(或副词)，to后加动词原形。【归纳拓展】即学即练：(1) The old gentleman was too heavy me to help stand up.(2) I should be on

13、ly too glad(give) you all the information I can.(3)他太小，还分不清是非。Keys: (1) for(2) to give (3) He is too young to know right from wrong.5 .(原句复现】No matter which country you go to, you will end up feeling like an outsider.不管你去哪个国家, 你最终都会觉得自己是个局外人。本句中“no matter+which”引导让步状陪从句。【归纳拓展】即学即练:(1) No matter plan

14、 you adopt, you will encounter difficulties.(2)smokes here will be punished.Keys: (1) which(2) Whoever6.【原句复现】At first, Xie Lei had no idea what she should say, but what surprised her was that shefound herself speaking up in class after just a few weeks.刚开始,谢蕾不知道该说什么，但使她惊奇的是,没过几周，她就 能在课堂上大胆发言了。【归纳拓展

15、】“find+宾语+宾补”结构形式归纳：Xfind+宾语+过去分词表示被动或完成(现在分词表示主动和正在进行)find+it+形容词/名词+to do(il是形式宾语，to do是真正的宾语)即学即练:(1 )The old man found his hometown much(change).(2)When he came to himself, he found himself(lock) in the room.(3)Hc found the text very(interest).(4)Some students find easy to understand English gra

16、mmar.Keys: (l)changed (2)locked (3)interesting (4)it语法名词性从句一、名词性从句的连接词引导名词性从句的连接词有三个连词、五个连接代词、四个连接副词。连接词词形词意在从句中所作成分连词thatXXwhether/ if是否X连接代词vvho(ever)（无论）谁（主格）主语、表语、宾语whom(ever)（无论）谁（宾格）表语、宾语whose(evcr)（无论）谁的（所有格）定语what(ever)（无论）什么主语、宾语、表语、定语which(ever)（无论）哪个主语、宾语、定语连接副词when(ever)（无论）什么时候状语where(e

17、ver)（无论）在哪里状语how(ever)（无论）怎样、多么状语二、名词性从句的辨析why为什么状语（-）主语从句主语从句是指在句中作主语的从句，位置与陈述句的主语相同。l.lhal引导主语从句，在从句中不充当任何成分，仅起连接作用，但不可省略。That you will win the medal seems unlikely.2 .whether引导的主语从句既可放在句首也可放在句尾，但if引导的主语从句只能放在句尾，前面需要用it作形式主语。Whether the sports meeting will be held is not certain now.Whether the wo

18、rk can be completed on time is doubtful.=It is doubtful whether/if the work can be completed on time.3 .若主语部分结构较长，可以使用形式主语it,把真正的主语从句放了后面。It is announced that our school is going to start an activity of “Crazy English, before daily morning exercises.It is necessary that people should learn to face t

19、he reality.（二）宾语从句在主从复合句中作宾语的从句叫宾语从句。宾语从句在句中可以作及物动词、介词或一些形容词的宾语。Lthat引导宾语从句，既无语法功能，也无词汇意义，常被省略。但多个并列从句出现时，第一个小at可以 省略，其他的不能省略。She said （that） she would conic here and that I should wait for her till Monday.1.1 f和whether引导宾语从句的区别：在动词不定式之前只能用whethero在whether.or not的固定搭配中，只用whether在介词后，只能用whether。作disc

20、uss的宾语时,只能用whethero宾语从句放在句首表示强调时，只能用whether。3 .带复合宾语（宾语+宾语补足语）的句子，that引导的宾语从句经常移到句子后面，而用it作形式宾语。4 .表示喜欢、憎恶等心理活动的动词后习惯上先加个形式宾语il,再接宾语从句。例如：hate, dislike, love, dont mind, feel like, appreciate, rely on, count on, see to 等。We think it possible that you can finish the work today.5 .宾语从句的否定转移：Ihink, bel

21、ieve, suppose, imagine等动词后的宾语从句中的否定词要转移到主句中， 即主句的谓语动词用否定式，而从句的谓语动词用肯定式。I dont think we need to waste much time on it.（三）表语从句表语从句在复合句中作表语，出现在连系动词之后，般结构为“主语+连系动词+表语从句可接表语从 句的连系动词有be, look, remain, seem等。1.1 hat在引导表语从句时无词义，在从句中不充当任何成分，仅起连接作用，不可以省略。The fact remains that we arc still not advanced enough.

22、2 .wheiher可引导表语从句，但if却通常不用于引导表语从句。His first question was whether Tom had arrived yet.3 .引导表语从句的引导词还可用because, as if, as though, as。The sky is overcast with dark clouds.lt seems as if it is going to rain soon.（四）同位语从句在复合句中用作同位语的从句叫同位语从句。它一般跟在某个名词后面，用来说明前面名词的具体 内容。常见的这类名词有:fact, news, hope, truth, ide

23、a, suggestion, thought, question, promise, order, problem, belief, word. message, information, proof, announcement, desire, doubt, proposal, advice, possibility 等。1. 同位语从句和定语从句的区别Jim got to know the news that the whole village was in great dangcr.（that 引导同位语从句，解释说明 the news 的 内容）同位语从句定语从句功能不同对名词加以补充

24、说明与先行词是修饰与被修饰的关系，起连接作用that不作成分，只起连接作用，不可省略作主语或宾语，起连接作用；并且作从句的宾 语时可省略whcthcr/how/what起连接作用，其中whether不作成分， 而how和what作成分不引导定语从句其他wh类词作成分；起连接作用；有自己的含 义，但与先行词无关作成分；起连接作用；没有自己的含义，但是 代替先行词在从句中作成分Do you know the news（that/which）Jim told me?（that/which 引导定语从句，且在从句中作宾语三、it作形式主语或形式宾语的名词性从句（一）主语从句中以it作形式主语的四种常用

25、句型Lit +不及物动词的适当形式+从句It seems that.好像是It happened that.碰巧It follows that.由此可见It has turned out that.结果2. It+be+及物动词的过去分词+从句It is said that.据说It is reported that.据报道It is believed that.人们认为It is hoped （hat.大家希望It has been proved that.已证明3. It+bc+名词（词组）+从句It is a fact that.事实是It is good news that是好消息。I

26、t is a question that是个问题。It is common knowledge that是常识。It is a fact that smoking is a danger to health.吸烟危害健康，这是事实。4. It+be+形容词+从句It is necessary that.有必要It is clear that.很清楚It is （un）likely that.很（不太）可能It is important that.重要的是（二）宾语从句中以it作形式宾语的两种常用句型1 .带复合宾语（宾语+宾语补足语）的句子，that引导的宾语从句经常移到句子后面，而用it作形

27、式宾语。Wc think it possible that you can finish the work today.我们认为你今天能够完成这项工作。2 .表示喜欢、憎恶等心理活动的动词或短语后习惯上先跟一个形式宾语il,再接宾语从句。如：hate、enjoy dislike、love dont mind、feel like、appreciaterely on、count on see to take （认为）、owe 等。【查漏补缺】I.单词拼写Many people lost their jobs because of the economic（衰退）.1. Computer progr

28、amming needs someone with a（合逻辑的）mind.2. Parents are supposed to teach their children to（表现）properly in public.3. It is important for us to（增强）physical exercise after class.4. It occurred to my nephew that he could（抓住）this opportunity to ask for help.5. The money he got wouldnt pay the four years of

29、 tuition and life（费用）.6. Many parents and coaches dont fbcus on the process but on the（效果）of the match.7. Though being a social failure, the little tramp was（乐观的）and always kind to others.Keys: 1.depression 2.1ogical 3. behave 4. strengthen 5. grasp 6. expenses 7. outcome 8. optimisticII.选词填空engage

30、in, set up, be familiar with, be eager to, speak up, participate in, be used to, be involved inIn order to draw the teachers attention, the boy express himself in English class.1. One of （he best theme parks you is Disneyland.2. He has been living in the south for five years and the soft climate the

31、re.3. Last week thousands of people the opening ceremony.4. One of (he best ways to build up your body is to some sports activities.5. Her mother wants to every area of her life.6. Our English teacher asked the shy little girl to.7. For all three years I have been working for others. Pm hoping I my

32、own business someday.Keys: l.was eager to 2. are familiar with 3. has been used to 4. participated in5. engage in 6. be involved in 7. speak up 8. will set upIII.单句语法填空1 .My Fair Lady is adapted a Greek story Pygmalion by George Bernard Shaw.2 .The little boy made an(adapt) to his new school finally

33、.3 .Human beings will continue to adapt the changing climate.1.1 t is necessary fbr us the climate here as soon as possible.1.2 ts a comfort to me(know) that she is safe.6 .A cup of hot milk on a cold night is real comfort.7 .As far as I know, he has been an active(participate) in the discussion.8 .

34、Everyone in the class is expected (o participate actively these discussions.9 .He was(engage) to my sister.Keys: Lfrom 2.adaptation 3.to 4. to 5. to know 6.a 7.participant 8.in 9.engagedIV.单句写作1 .你不一定在第一次尝试的时候就成功。(the first time)2 .这是他第三次拜访他朋友的家。(it is the. time that)3 .通过窗户我们可以看到孩子们在院子里玩耍。(see sb.

35、doing)4 .为了对中国文化有更多的了解，对内容的了解是很重要的。(importance)5 .我们和汤姆都将去海南度假。(as well as)Keys: 1.You wont necessarily succeed the first time you try.2.1t is the third time that he has visited his friends home.3.Through the window we can see the children playing in the yard.4.1n order to have much knowledge of Chi

36、nese culture, it is of importance for you to be aware of the content.5.We as well as Toni are going to Hainan to spend our holiday.V.单句语法填空1 .Lucy couldnt recall happened five days ago.1.1 realized that I had been transported into the future of was still my hometown.3 . Howe ver, I lost sight of Wan

37、g Ping when we reached looked like a large market because oftoomany carriages flying by in all directions.4 .While they are rare north of 88,there is evidence they range all the way across the Arctic, and asfarsouth as James Bay in Canada.5 .What students do at college seems to matter much more than

38、 they go.6 .As natural architects, the Pueblo Indians figured out exactly thick (he adobe walls needed to be to makethecycle work on most days.7 .Success partially depends on you have the patience to do simple things perfectly.8.1 lost my cell phone yesterday. Can you tell me I can buy one?9.It neve

39、r occurred to me you could succeed in persuading him to change his mind.10.breaks the law will be punished.Keys: 1.what 2.what 3.what 4.that S.where 6.how 7.whether 8.where 9.that 10.WhoeverVI.名词性从句句子翻译1 .我已经读了这个通知，我们学校广播站需要两名英语播音员。2 .谁能赢得这场比赛还不得而知。3 .你通过考试了，真棒。4 .她总是在想怎样能把工作做好。5 .看起来他们会赢得这场比赛。Keys:

40、 1.1 have read the notice that our school radio station needs two English announcers.2. Who will win the match is still unknown.3. Its splendid that you passed your exam.4. She always thinks of how she can work well.5. It seems that they will win the game.【梳理优化】词汇【词性转化】1. overwhelming adj.无法抗拒的；巨大的；

41、压倒性的overwhelmingly adv.压倒性地homesickness n.思乡病；乡愁homesick adj.思乡的；想家的；患怀乡病的2. motivate vt.激发；激励motivation n.动力；积极性;动机-motivated adj.积极的；主动的advise v.建议；出主意advisor n.顾问3. reason n.原因;理由一reasonable adj.有道理的;合情理的expect v.预料；预期expectation n.期望；预期；期待expectable adj.可预期的4. apply v.申请； 请求叩plicant n.申请人expose

42、vt使接触；使体验；显露：使暴露于（险境）exposure n.接触：体验；暴露；揭露5. depart v.起程；出发departure n.离开；启程；出发behave vt.表现vi.& vt.表现得体;有礼貌一behavio（u）r n.举止，行为6. sincere adj.真诚的;诚挚的sincerely adv.真诚地;诚实地sincerity n.诚挚：真诚strength n.力量;长处strengthen vi.& vt.加强；增强;巩固7. logic n.逻辑-logical adj.合乎逻辑的；合情合理的logically adv.逻辑上；合乎逻辑地optimism

43、n.乐观；乐观主义optimistic adj.乐观的一optimisticaHy 乐观地8. cooperate vi.合作；协作：配合cooperation n.合作；协作；协助;配合surrounding adj.周围的；附近的一surroundings n. pL环境；周围的事物语法名词性从句【强化巩固】【基础知识练习】I.单词拼写效果验证1. Before you get the job, you need to acquire a kind of（资格）.2. Only a person far away from home knows what（乡愁）is.1.1 read it

44、 quite by accident in the latest（版本）of The Global.4. The consumer asked the business for a（合理的）explanation of the rise in price.5. After all, your bed is likely one of the most（舒适的）spaces in your home.6. The reason why we delay is that we find （he work too（巨大的）for us.7. My（雄心）is to be admitted into

45、a key university. Therefore, I did everything to review all the subjects.8. The present situation is very（复杂的）,so I think it will take me some time to figure out its reality. Keys: 1 .qualification 2.homesickness 3. editiond.reasonable 5 fortable 6.overwhelniing 7. ambition 8. complexII.选词填空particip

46、ate in； speak up； feel at home； engage in； get involved in； adapt to； in comfort； speak of l.If you thought that wasnt fair, why didnt you?2 .Many more firms are the growth of demand on the world markets.3 .He a serious study of the problem yesterday.4 .power, we could use yours if you still have it

47、.5 .This will enable the audience to sit while watching the shows.1.1 once, because I recognized familiar faces.7 .He doesnt want to this dispute.8 .Thc world will be different, and wc will have to he prepared to the change.Keys: 1.speak up 2.participating in 3.engagcd in 4.Speaking of 5.in comfort 6.felt at home 7.get involved in8.adapt toHl.单句语法填空1.1 had some difficulty at first(recall) why vc were there.2. There will soon be a shortfall in supply of(qualify) young people.3. Ill talk to them, but I wont feel(comfort) about it.4. We cuuently have six(tutor) availa