2023年初二下册英语知识点总结.docx

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1、Unit 1 Will peop 1 e have robots?重点语法:一般将来时态的应用d o / does的一般将来时态形式：(shal 1 /w i II) dodo/does的一般将来时态的被动语态:(shal 1 /wi 1 I) be d one一般将来时态的肯定句、否认句、疑问句形式：肯定句例句：Peopl e w i II have robo t s i n a few yea r s.否认句例句:People (wi 1 I n o t/wonz t) hav e robot s i n a f ew ye a rs.一般疑问句例句:Wi llpeoplehaver ob

2、 o t s in a few y e ars?特殊疑问句例句:What wi 1 I people h ave i n a f e w year s ?重点短语:won t = w i I 1 nott heyll = they w i IIshe 1 1 = s h e wi 1 Ihell = h e wil 1I ll = I wi 1 Ifall in 1 o v e wi t h( s b. / s t h.)爱上(某人/某物)be able t o do sth.可以做某事come tru e 实现in t h e futu r e 未来hundreds of数以百计的thou

3、sands of数以千计的look for(sb. /sth.)寻找(某人/某物)wi 1 I would情态动词wi 1 1 的原形和过去式ma y m i ght情态动词may的原形和过去式Re a di n g Strategy(阅读方法)Read i ng Strate gy（阅读方法）Let your ey e s sea n the t ext q u i c kly t o f i nd d e tails that you r e Io oki n g for.（在阅读文章之前，用眼睛“横扫”整篇文章，快速寻找你需要的文章要 点。）Y o u c a n find info r

4、 m a tion q uic k I y wi t h out read i ng the w hole text. （这样你就不用细读整篇文章，就能寻找到你需要的一些信息。）Unit 7 Would you mind turn i ng down th e music?重点语法:m i nd ones doing s t h,介意（某人）做某事 重点短语:not a t all 一点也不t u rn do w n调节使音量变小righ t away = in a minute = at one e 立亥也 立即wa i t in 1 in e排队等候cut i n lin e插队等候 ha

5、snt = h as n o tkeep . . . down压低声音；使缓和at fi r st = fi r st of a II 一方面take c a re当心：小心t a ke c are o f = care abou t = loo k a f ter 关心;照顾 break the r ul e 违规 obey the rule遵守规定put out熄灭p i c k st h . u p捡起某物wa i t to r s b.等候某人 depe n d on依赖；依靠 g e t back = retur n 要问R e adin g S t rateg y （阅读方法）As

6、 w e read, w e need to find top i c sente nee s在我们阅读的时候，我们需要 寻找“主题语句，也就是和文章中心最相关的语句。）Th e se s e nten c es u s u a lly g i ves us a summary, o r o v er a II me a n i n g of each para graph and he1 p u s u nde r stan d whatthe p aragraph is about.（这些语句通常会给我们一些文章 的“概要”，或者每个文段的所故意思，来帮助我们理解段落大意。）Afte r

7、the t op i c se n t e n ce com e s more de t ail and e xplanat i o n .（当主题语句”出现后,该段的 一些解释和细节也就会随之出现。）Unit 8 Wh y do n t you g e t h e r a s c art?重点语法:询问别人为什么要做或者不做某事w hy dont you do sth. = why not do sth.例句:Why do nt you g e t h e r a earner a ? = Why not get h e r a camera?wh a t ab o ut = ho w a

8、bout例句:How about s o me t e n n i s b alls? = Wh a t about some t en n i s ba 1 1 s ?重点短语:f al 1 asl e ep入睡g ive away赠送；分发he a r of = h e ar abo u t 听说t a k e an i n t eres t in = be int e r ested in 对感爱好mak e f r i ends wi t h 与交友m a ke prog re s s取得进步keep - kept- k e pt动词ke e p的原形、过去式和过去分词feed-fed

9、-fed动词feed的原形、过去式和过去分词h e a r hea rd hea r d动词hear的原形、过去式和过去分词R e ading St r ate g y （阅读方法）To u n der s ta n d the im p o r ta n t i d eas fr o m the t e x t, we mu s t ” sum marize .（为了 了解文段最重要的意图，我们必须要进行总结。）D o t his by an s w eri n g who, wh a t, where, why qu e s t ions as you read.（在阅读时，常注意 【可答

10、时间、地点、人物这些基本要素问题，达成总结的目的。）Unit 9 Have yo u ever bee n t o a n amusemen t ?重点语法：现在完毕时态do/ doe s的现在完毕时态形式：（have/ha s） d on edo/ doe s 的现在完毕时态的被动语态：（have/h as） been done 现在完毕时态重要强调过去发生的事情对现在的影响。例句：我去年去过美国，那是我第一次出国。I have eve r bee n t o Am erica. Its the f i r s t time for me t o go abroad.重点短语：have a

11、g r e at time = ha v e a g ood t ime = have fun = enjoy ones e If玩得快乐o n boa r d在船上end up doin g sth .结束做某事a 1 I year round = all o ver the ye a r 终年under s tan d u nd e rst o o d u n d e r stoo d 动词 understa n d 的原 形、过去式和过去分词Read i ng S t rategy （阅读方法）Afte r reading, write down th r ee or more thin

12、gs you have learne d . （在阅 读整篇文章之后，把你学到的三样或更多事物写下来。）We a Iways rememb e r t h i n g sbette r i f we take time to r e flee t.（假如我们花时间去思考一些问题的话，那么我们就能更容易地记住一些事情。）Unit 1 0 It s a n ice day, i s nz t it?重点语法:反意疑问句反意疑问句由肯定陈述句加否认问句构成，或者由否认陈述句加肯定问句构成。例句:H e s a stud e nt, i s nt he?She s not h i s moth e r

13、 , is s he?回答反意疑问句时，要根据事实来回答。若事实是肯定的，则必须用yes回答。若事实是 否认的，则必须用n。回答。例句：你还没有准备好，对吧？You re no t read y , are you?是的，我没有准备好。No, Im not.不，我准备好了。Yes, I am.重点短语：Io o k thro ugh浏览c ome a 1 ong出现泼生get along 相处a t leas t 至少a t mos t至多a t han k -y o u n o te 感谢信forget f orgot forgotten动词for get的原形、过去式和过去分词lit t

14、Ie 1 e ss-least形容词I i ttle的原级、比较级和最高级 many / mu c h -* m o re mos t 形容词 many / much 的原级、比较级和最高级Look at the tit 1 e a n d p ictu r e, and pr e d i ct wha t y ou wil 1 read a bo ut.（看着标题和图片，预知你要阅读那些方面的内容。）This helps y ou g e t ready t o a cqu i re new in f o r m a tio n.（这样可以帮助你获得一些新的信息。）Unit 2 Wh a t

15、 shou I d I do?重点语法:过去将来时态（将来时态的委婉说法）d o / d o es的过去将来时态形式：（should/would） d od o /do e s 的过去将来时态的被动语态：（s hould / w o uld） be done过去将来时态的肯定句、否认句、疑问句形式：肯定句例句:You should write a I e 11 er to h i m.否认句例句:You s hou 1 dnz t write a let t er to h i m.一般疑问句例句:Should I w r it e a Ie t te r t o him?特殊疑问句例句：Wh

16、at sh o u 1 d I do?重点短语：k eep sb. out不让某人进入W h ats w r on g ?= W h ats t h e ma t t er? = Wh a ts the p r oblem?怎么了？out of sty Ie不时髦的；过时的call s b. u p给某人打电话P ay for s t h .为某事付款P art-time job 兼职工作t he s a me a s = b e same （to/with）与同样in style时髦的；流行的get on well w i t h sb. = get a Iong we 1 1 w i th

17、 sb .与某人相 处（好）did nt = d id notc ou 1 dnt = could notas . as p o ssib 1 e 尽也许(eg / as soon a s pos s i b Ie 尽快)all kinds of各种浒多on the one hand 一方面o n the other han d 另一方面ask sb. f o r sth. = a sk s b . to d o s th.请求某人做某事ask sb. n otto do sth.请求某人不要做某事spend (mo ney) o n sth. = spend (m o ney) in d o

18、 i ng st h .花钱做某事sth. co s t sb. (m o n ey)某人花钱为了某事take sb. s om e time to d o sth.花某人时间做某事fi n d o ut 查明find sb. doing sth. 发现某人做某事be an g ry w i th sb.生某人的气be angry at s t h.生某事的气thesame age a s = as o 1 d as与某人年龄同样ha v e f i ght with sb.与某人打架I e a rn t o do sth.学会做某事n ot. until.直至U才compa r e s th

19、.(A) with sth. ( B)把某事(A)与某事(B)作比较its t ime f o r s t h. = i ts time t o d o sth.到该做某事的时间了mayb e adv.或许may be (情态动词+动词原形)也许是s hal 1 shou 1 d 情态动词shall的原形和过去式pay - paid p a i d动词pay的原形、过去式和过去分词Reading St r a tegy(阅读方法)You will 1 earn t o u se n ew wo r ds b e t te r if y ou u sea 1 ear n ers diet ion

20、ary.(时刻学着应用新单词来学习比时刻使用字典这种途径方法更好。)Abilingualdi c tiona r y s o metim e s gi v es the wron g m e an i ng for the s i tuati o n y o uw a nt.(在某些你需要的场合下，一本双语字典有时会给你错误的解释。)U n i t 3 What we r e you d o i n g when t h e UFO a r r i ved?重点语法:过去进行时态d o/does的过去进行时态形式:(was/we re) d o i ngdo / d oe s 的过去进行时态的

21、被动语态：(wa s/we r e) being done过去将来时态的肯定句、否认句和疑问句形式：肯定句例句:I w a s w a Iking down the s tr e et wh e n a UFO land e d.否认句例句：I wa s nt wa 1 king down th e s t r eet wh e n a UFO 1 anded .一般疑问句例句：W e re y ou wal k ing down t h e s t reet w h en a UFO Ian d ed?特殊疑问句例句:What w e r e y ou d o i n g w he n a

22、U F O land e d ?动词when和while 的选择：when后加瞬间动词，w h i 1 e后加延续性动词。例句：T he boy was wal k in g down th e s t r e et when the UFO 1 and e d.=While the b oy was walki n g down the s tr e et, t h e UFO land e d.感慨句结构：(1) How + adj. + t h e +主语+谓语动词= (2)What + (a/an) + a dj. + n. + 主语 + 谓语动词例句:Wha t a beau t i

23、 fu 1 flower i t i s !=H o w beauti f ul th e fl o wer is!Wh a t beaut i fu 1 f lower s the y ar e !=How beaut i ful the flowe r s are!重点短语:get o ut出去;离开take off 起飞 run aw a y逃跑；跑掉 c o me i n进来h ear about = he ar of 听说take place 发生as . . as像同样（eg/as o 1 d as h im像他同样老）any wher e = ev e ry where = he

24、re and t h ere 任何地方thin k about 考虑think of 认为get u p = g e t out o f the bed 起床at th e doc tors 在诊所ever y d ay 每一天e veryd a y adj.平常的most adj.大部分the most最多的i n spa c e在太空中 nation a 1 hero民族英雄all over the world = in the wo r Id 全世界Readin g S trategy （阅读方法）The t i tie ca n be h elpful fo r you t o u n

25、derst a nd a text.（一篇文章的标题可以 帮助你理解整篇文章。）It s al s o a goo d idea to read th e firs t s entence of each para g raph b e fore yo u r ead.（在阅读整篇文章之前，阅读每段的第一句话也是一个很有效的方法。）Unit 4 He sai d I was ha r d -working.重点语法：宾语从句结构：主语+谓语动词+宾语从句（主语+谓语动词 +宾语/表语）例句:一一Im good at English. He s a y s.（改为加宾语从句的复合句）He say

26、 s 1 mgoodat English.注意：主句是一般现在时态，宾语从句的时态不受其影响。例句：He say s m good a t Engl i sh now.He s a ys I was g oo d at m a them a tics when I was young.主句是过去时态,宾语从句也要用过去时态。例句:He said I was good at mat h e matics when I was y o ung ye s terda y.H e sai d Iwas good at Engl i sh now y esterday .宾语从句是客观真理时永远用一般现

27、在时态。例句:Our t eacher says 24 hou r s m a k c a da y .Ou r teach e r sa i d the su n gives us so man y en e r gy y e st e rda y.动词原形不能作主语，必须用其-i ng形式。例句:S he said he Iping o t hers ch a nge d her 1 i fe.重点短语：dire c t s peec h直接引语report e d s p ee c h = ind i rect spe e ch 间接引语f i r st o f a 1 I = at f

28、 i rs t 一方面p a ss o n传递be s u p p osed to do sth.应当做某事be g o o d a t = d o w e II in在某方面做得好in good health身体健康ge t over 克服open up打开carefor = take ca r e of = look a fte r 照料;照顾not any m o re = not any Io n g e r = no longer 不再h a ve a co Id 感冒e n d- o f- y ear exam 年终考试get n e rv o u s 变得紧张to r ge t

29、to do s t h.忘掉做某事（该事未做）forget do i ng sth.忘掉做某事（该事已做）its + a d j. + for sb. + to do sth.做某事对某人来说（加形容词）co n t e xt 上下文Readi n g St r ategy（阅读方法）Fir s t r e a d for mea n in g , n o t for det a il.（一方面理解文段的大体意思，不在于文段的 细节部分。）Yo u c an u n d er s tan d the mea n ing of a word you don t kn ow from the co

30、ntext.（至于不懂的单词，你可以通过上下文来寻找它的对的释义。）U n it 5 I f you g o to th e p art y , y o u* 1 1 hav e a g r e at t i me !重点语法：if引导的条件状语从句结构：主句+ if +条件状语从句i f +条件状语从句+ （ c omma） +主句注意：在if引导的条件状语从句中，主句应用将来时态，状语从句用一般现在时态。例句:Y oull ha v e a g reat tim e if yo u g o to th e pa r ty.=lf y o u go t o the party, y o u

31、1 I h a ve a g r eat time.重点短语：take away拿走around t h e w o r 1 d = all over th e world 在世界各地m a ke a li v ing 谋生all th e t i m e = a 1 way s 一直Wh a ts th e prob lem? = Whats the m a tte r ? = Whats wron g ?怎么 了？in ord e r to do sth.为 了 做某事mak e s b . do $ th.使得某人做某事（t o省略，该结构是一个不带lo的不定式。）make sb. ad

32、j.使得某人（加形容词）mak e sb. do n e使得某人被做be f amous f or为而出名be famous as作为而出名i n c las s在课堂上s p e nd . .（time / money） o n sth. = sp e n d .（time/mon e y） in do i ng sth.花（时间/钱）用于做某事see s b. do sth.看见某人做某事（强调整个过程）s e e s b. doing sth.看见某人做某事（强调偶尔性）sa y sa i d s a id动词say的原形、过去式和过去分词tel 1 - t old t told动词te

33、ll的原形、过去式和过去分词ea t ate eat e n动词 eat的原形、过去式和过去分词spea k sp o k e sp o k e n动词s p eak的原形、过去式和过去分词Uni t 6 How long hav e you b e e n co 1 I e cti n g s he 1 Is?重点语法：现在完毕进行时态do/ d oes的现在完毕进行时态形式:ha v e/h a s been doingd o/doe s的现在完毕进行时态的被动语态:have/h a s been b e i ng done 现在完毕进行时态所应用的场合： 某事从过去发生一直连续到现在都在

34、做过去发生的动作对现在导致影响例:我已上了三年初中。I hav e been in J u ni o r School for 3 years.自从那次他与我谈过心后，我天天都在进步。I ha v e b e e n making p rogr ess s i nee he t a I k ed wit h me t ha t time.现在完毕进行时态的肯定句、否认句和疑问句形式： 肯定句例句：I have been skating for five hours. 否认句例句：I haven7 t been skati n g fo r five hours. 一般疑问句例句：Have y

35、o u b e e n skati n g for five h o urs?特殊疑问句例句：How 1 ong have you been s kati n g?注意:瞬间动词不能和一段时间连用。例句:你借这本书已经多长时间了？How long h a ve y ou be e n k e ep i n g t h i s bo o k?重点短语：ru n ou t of用完;用尽b y the way顺便说说b e intere s ted in do i ng s th.对某事感爱好more than 比多f a r away在远处wo u Id like to d o sth. = w a nt to d o s t h . = f ee 1 like d o ing s t h.想要做某事s e nd sb. sth. = send s th. to s b .把某物赠送给某人in fac t事实上room房间（用于可数名词）;空间（用于不可数名词）c omm o n mor e c ommo n t h e m o st comm o n 形容词 c o mm o的原级、比较级和最高级