云南省牟定县第一高级中学2021-2022学年高二上学期期末考试英语试题（解析版）.docx

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1、20212022学年上学期期末教育学业质量监测高中二年级英语试卷考生注意：1 .本试卷共150分，考试时间120分钟。2 .请将各题答案填写在答题卡上。第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂 到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分75分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选 项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅 读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例：How much is the shirt?A. 19.15.B.9.I8.

2、 C. 9.15.答案是C。1. Where will the woman most probably spend the evening?A. Out of town. B. At home. C. At a restaurant.2. How much money do the speakers have in all?A. $18. B. $38. C. S28.3. Why did the woman go to the US?A. To do some business. B. To go sightseeing. C. To visit some friends.4. What i

3、s the man speaker?A. A student. B. A manager. C. A teacher.5. What is the probable relationship between the speakers?A. Strangers. B. Friends. C. Neighbors.第二节（共15小题；每小题L5分，满分225分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项 中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小 题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。

4、 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。【导语】本篇是说明文。文章介绍了一种简单实惠的寻找最佳电容离子液的方法。这种方法可以让未来能 源储存和供应问题早日得到解决。【12题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段“Lead author Associate Professor Simone Ciampi from Curlins School of Molecular and Life Sciences said this easy, low-cost method of determining how to produce and keep the highest energy charge in a capa

5、citor （电容器）,could be of great benefit to all scientists, engineers and start-ups looking to solving the energy storage challenges of the future.（该研究的主要作者科廷大学分子与生命科学学院的SimoneCiampi副教授说，这种简单、低成本的方法可以确定如何在电容器中产生并保持最高的能量充电，对所有 希望解决未来能源存储挑战的科学家、工程师和初创企业都有很大的好处。）”可知，这种低成本的方法可 以让科学家们解决能源储备的问题，对所有寻求解决未来能源存储

6、问题的科学家、工程师和初创企业来说 都有益。故选A项。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段第一句 There are thousands of types of ionic liquids, a type of liquid salt, and until now, it was difficult to know which would be best suited for use in a capacitor.（离子液体是一种液态盐”，有 数千种类型，到目前为止，人们还很难知道哪种类型的离子液体最适合用于电容器。）”可知，制造电容器 的困难就在于确定哪一种才是最佳离子液。故选C项。【14题

7、详解】词义推测题o 根据第五段“Using this method, our research found that charging the device for 60 seconds produced a full charge, which did not leak （渗漏）and begin to diminish for at least four days（通过这种方法,我 们的研究发现，给设备充电60秒就能充满电，而且不会渗漏且至少4天内电量才会开始diminish）”可 知，使用这种方法，我们的研究发现给设备充电60秒会产生一个完整的，没有“泄漏”的充电，是在介 绍优点，又因a

8、nd为并列作用，其后也应为介绍优点。结合选项可知，“减少”词义代入合适。故选B 项。【15题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段Curlin University research has found a simple and affordable method to determine which chemicals and types of metals arc best used to store and supply energy, in a breakthrough for any battery-run devices and technologies relying on the fas

9、t and reliable supply of electricity, including smart phones and tablets. （科廷大学的一项研究发现了一种简单而实惠的方法，可以确定哪种化学物质和金属类型最适合用于存储和 供应能源，这对任何依赖快速可靠电力供应的电池驱动设备和技术都是一个突破，包括智能手机和平板电 脑。）”可知，接下来文章主要介绍了这种简单实惠的寻找最佳电容离子液的方法。这种方法可以让未来能 源储存和供应问题早日得到解决。所以短文的最佳标题为“寻找电容器理想离子液体的一种简单而廉价的 方法” o故选D项。第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内

10、容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选 项。With effective measures, travelers around the world are doing their best to reduce the risk of infecting COVID-19.16 Its important to be prepared fbr the possibility. Heres the latest guidance to lead youthrough a stressful situation with ease.What can I do to pr

11、epare for a potential COVID-19 infection?Start by booking flexible transport and accommodation. Read the fine print or call ahead （o see if companies refund last-minute cancellations, allow exchanges, or cover any unforeseen COVID-related costs. 17 Comprehensive travel insurance （hat includes expens

12、es like hotel quarantine （检疫）can prove equally important.18Your insurance that costs you a little extra now may save you thousands of dollars down the road. For those concerned about treatment abroad, some companies provide medical evacuation services to your home country and hospital can be your ch

13、oice because costs, which can be thousands of dollars, can be frustrating.What do I do if I develop COVID-19 symptoms while traveling?If youre experiencing the signs of the coronavirus, prioritize getting tested, then remain isolated （隔而）until you receive the results. Information is power: The soone

14、r youre diagnosed, the sooner you can protect yourself and those around you. Next, tell any close contacts who may have been exposed to the virus. 19How do I isolate?Protect those around you by slaying in a designated quarantine room. 2（） If you must share a space, wear a mask and keep a proper phys

15、ical distance. In addition, ensure you have access to all （he items necessary fbr an extended stay, including essentials like food, waler, necessary medications, and Wi-Fi. If someone is delivering you food, he or she should leave it outside your door.A. But getting infected can still happen.B. If p

16、ossible, using a separate bathroom.C. What can I do if I spend too much dollars?D. Clear communication is the best way to protect everyone.E. Why do I choose travel insurance that covers COVID-19?F. If the health crisis continues to change, the rules change too.G. Next, ensure you have health insura

17、nce covering your travelling abroad.【答案】16.A17.G18. E19. D20. B【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了关于新冠病毒旅行者应该做出的准备，以及如果感染新冠病毒，旅 行者应该采取的做法。【16题详解】上文 44 With effective measures, travelers around the world are doing their best to reduce the risk of infecting COVID-19.”（通过有效措施，世界各地的旅行者正在尽最大努力降低感染新型冠状病毒的风险。）说明旅 行者们已经尽

18、可能采取有效措施降低感染新型冠状病毒的风险，以及下文“Its important to be prepared fbr the possibility.（为这种可能性做好准备是很重要的。）说明，仍然要为感染新冠病毒的可能性做好准备， A项“但感染仍然可能发生。”符合题意。故选A。【17题详解】卜 文 * Comprehensive travel insurance （hat includes expenses like hotel quarantine can prove equally important.n （包括酒店检疫等费用在内的综合旅行保险也同样重要。）说明保险是很重要的，G项中he

19、alth insurance是关键词，要确保你有健康保险，G项“其次，确保您有健康保险覆盖您的出国旅行。”符合题意。故选 Go【18题详解】下文“Your insurance that costs you a little extra now may save you thousands of dollars down the road. For those concerned about treatment abroad, some companies provide medical evacuation services to your home country and hospital

20、can be your choice because costs, which can be thousands of dollars, can be frustrating.v （现在稍微多 花了一点钱的保险费以后可能会为你节省数千美元。对于那些关心国外治疗的人来说，一些公司向你的祖 国提供医疗疏散服务，而医院可以是你的选择，因为成本可能高达数千美元，可能令人沮丧。）说明选择 保险的原因，所以空处应提问为什么选择保险，E项“为什么我选择新型冠状病毒疾病保险？ ”符合题 意。故选E。【19题详解】上文 Information is power: The sooner youre diagnos

21、ed, （he sooner you can protect yourself and those around you. Next, tell any close contacts who may have been exposed to the virus. （信息就是力量：你被诊断得越 早，你就能越早保护自己和周围的人。接下来，告诉任何可能接触过病毒的密切接触者。）说明要告知密 切接触者，与他们沟通，以尽量保护每一个人，D项“清晰的沟通是保护每个人的最佳方式。”符合题 意。故选D。【2（）题详解】上文 Protect those around you by staying in a de

22、signated quarantine room. （待在指定的隔离室里，以保护 你周围的人。）说明尽量要单独隔离，所以空处应继续介绍隔离时候的注意事项，B项“如果可能，使用单 独的浴室。”符合题意。故选B。第三部分语言知识运用（共两节，满分45分） 第一节（共20小题；每小题L5分，满分30分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最 佳选项。Over the last few weeks, I have been back and forth to the hospital and working with my doctors and medic

23、al technicians. I feel very 21 and appreciative of all the great minds and effort involved in 22 my illness. I found I have become 23 grateful to those human beings who invented the many medical24 that have saved so many lives and 25 so much pain.With everything I 26,1 couldnt help thinking about ma

24、ny life-changing 27 （ha（ wehumans have come up with, from the fairly simple stethoscope （听 诊器）to more 28 inventions like X- rays, and other great devices. Of course, one of the biggest, most basic inventions was the 29. It changedthe world in all kinds of ways. Without wheels, wed have no 30, such a

25、s bikes, cars, trains, orairplanes.3J many inventions human beings have invented through the ages, I 32 some verypopular inventions. It is 33 to imagine what if we live without （hem. These 34 things liketape, nails, Post-it notes, DNA testing, the Internet, vaccines, and medical imaging.Some inventi

26、ons were accidental 35 but many were matter of simply trying to solve a problem. Ifwe pay attention to what we experience and really put our 36 to it, there is no reason why we couldntcome up with some new inventions ourselves. Maybe make a list of 37 items, systems, and habits weall have, and then

27、go up and down the list and see if we can pul two or three items together in a way to come up with a new 38 or better way to handle life and the 39 in it. Give it a try and see what wecan come up with. We could 40 ourselves, and others as well!21. A. regretfulB. gralefulC. severeD. pureA. ignoringB.

28、 concemingC. curingD. swapping22. A. painfullyB. speciallyC. frequentlyD. particularlyA. devicesB. antiquesC. curtainsD. manuals23. A. gathcrcdB. thrcatcncdC. relicvcdl）. detectedA. suffered fromB. set downC. packed upl）. went through24. A. inventionsB. shadowsC. editionsD. proofsA. purcB. complcxC.

29、 adorablcl). contradictory25. A. whcelB. trainC. airplaneD. carA. strucluresB. labelsC. vehiclesD. assumptions26. A. DraftingB. ReviewingC. AdaptingD. SeizingA. switchedB. piratedC. leakedD. found27. A. hardB. steadyC. funnyD. safeA. meanB. expandC. includeD. indicate28. A. discoveriesB. statisticsC

30、. patcntsD. observationsA. principlcsB. policicsC. mindsD. effects29. A. distinctB. strangeC. legal I), commonA. currentB. productC. powderD. criterion30. A. challengesB. directionsC. privaciesD. conclusionsA. puzzleB. frightenC. annoyD. surprise【答案】21.B22. C23. D24. A25. C26. D27. A28. B29. A30. C3

31、L B32. D33. A34. C35. A36. C37. D38. B39. A40.D【解析】【分析】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者通过自己在医院治病联想到发明创造对人类生活的重要性，并希望人 们能把智慧用在发明创造上，更好地处理生活和生活中的挑战。(21题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我非常感激并感谢所有伟大的思想和努力参与治疗我的疾病。A.regrelful遗 憾的;B. grateful 感激的;C. severe 严厉的；D. pure 纯净的。根据后文 uappreciative of all the great minds and effort involved in 2 my

32、 illness.n 可知，作者非常感激。故选 B 项。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我非常感激和感激所有伟大的思想和努力参与治疗我的疾病。A. ignoring忽 视；B. concerning 使关心;C. curing 治疗；D. swapping 交换。根据前文 “appreciative” 和后文“my illness可知，此处指治疗作者的疾病。故选C项。【23题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：我发现我已经变得特别感激那些发明了许多医疗设备，拯救了许多生命，减轻 了许多痛苦的人。A. painfully痛苦的;B. specially专门的，特别的；C. frequently经

33、常的；D. particularly 尤其是，特别的。particularly往往着重说明与同类事物不同的个别事物；specially特别(多指为一特别目的 而做），意为“专门地”。根据句意可知，此处表示特别感激那些有此类发明创造的人，而不是其他人。 故选D项。【24题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我发现我已经变得特别感激那些发明了许多医疗设备，拯救了许多生命，减轻 了许多痛苦的人。A. devices设备；B. antiques古董;C. curtains窗帘;D. manuals手册。根据后文“from the fairly simple stethoscope （I听诊器）to more

34、8 inventions like X-rays, and other great devicesn 可知，此处指医疗设备。故选A项。25题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我发现我已经变得特别感激那些发明了许多医疗设备，拯救了许多生命，减轻 了许多痛苦的人。A. gathered聚集;B. threatened威胁；C. relieved缓解，减轻;D. detected发现。根据语 境以及前文“saved so many lives”和后文“so much pain”可知，是减轻痛苦。故选C项。【26题详解】考杳动词短语词义辨析。句意：在经历了这一切之后，我不禁想到了许多改变人类生活的发明，从

35、相当简 单的听诊器到更复杂的发明，如X光，以及其他伟大的设备。A. suffered from遭受；B. set down放下；C. packed up 打包；D. went through 经历。根据语境和前文Over the last few weeks, I have been back and forth to the hospital and working with my doctors and medical technicians.n 可知，作者有了 以上经历后，产生许多 联想。故选D项。【27题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：在经历了这一切之后，我不禁想到了许多改变人类生活的发

36、明，从相当简单的 听诊器到更复杂的发明,如X光,以及其他伟大的设备。A. inventions发明；B. shadows阴影；C. editions 版本；D. proofs证据。根据后文“inventions like X-rays, and other great devices 可知，此处指改变人类生 活的发明创造。故选A项。【28题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在经历了这一切之后，我不禁想到了许多改变人类生活的发明，从相当简单 的听诊器到更复杂的发明，如X光，以及其他伟大的设备。A. pure纯正的；B. complex复杂的；C.adorable可爱的;D. contradicto

37、ry矛盾的。根据前文wfairly simplew可知,此处指“更复杂的”与前文对 应。故选B项。【29题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：当然，最大、最基本的发明之一就是轮子。A. wheel轮子；B. train火车；C.airplane 飞机;D. car 汽车。根据后文 * Without wheels, we have no 10 such as bikes, cars, trains, or airplanes.w可知，此处指最基本的发明轮子。故选A项。【30题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：没有轮子，我们就没有交通工具，比如自行车、汽车、火车或飞机。A.siructures 结构；B.

38、 labels 标签；C. vehicles,交通工具，车辆；D. assumplions 假设。根据后文“bikes, cars, trains, or airplanes”可知，此处指交通工具。故选C项。31题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：回顾人类多年来发明的许多发明，我发现了一些非常流行的发明。A. Drafting 起草；B. Reviewing 回顾,检查；C. Adapting 调整;D. Seizing 抓住。根据后文“many inventions human beings have invented through the ages ”可知，作者回顾人类的发明创造的历史。故选

39、B项。【32题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：回顾人类多年来发明的许多发明，我发现了一些非常流行的发明。A. switched 交换；B. pirated 盗版；C. leaked 泄露；D. found 发现。根据语境和后文“some very popular inventions” 以 及 is 13 to imagine what if we live without them.These 14 things like tape, nails, Post-itnotes, DNA testing, the Internet, vaccines, and medical imaging. ”

40、 可知,此处指作者的发现。故选 D 项。【33题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：很难想象如果我们的生活没有它们会怎样。A. hard困难的；B. steady稳定 的；C. funny 有趣的；D. safe 安全的。根据语境以及后文“to imagine what if we live without them.”可知， 此处强调这些发明的重要性，所以说，很难想象如果没有这些发明，人们怎样生活。故选A项。【34题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这些东西包括胶带、钉子、便利贴、DNA测试、互联网、疫苗和医学成像。A. mean 意思是;B. expand 扩展；C. include 包括；D.

41、indicate 表明。根据后文 u things like tape, nails, Post-it notes, DNA testing, the Internet, vaccines, and medical imagingM 可知，此处指这些发明包括哪些。故选 C 项。【35题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：有些发明是偶然 发现，但许多发明只是为了解决问题。A. discoveries发现；B. sUHislics统计：C. parents专利；D. observations观察。根据常识和前文“Some invenlions”可知，有些发 明是偶然的发现。故选A项。【36题详解】考查名

42、词词义辨析。句意：如果我们关注我们所经历的，并真正用心去做，我们完全可以自己想出一些新 发明。A. principles 规则；B. policies 政策；C. minds 思想，智慧；D. effects 影响。根据后文 “there is no reason why we couldnt come up with some new inventions ourselves.n 可知，此处指把智慧用在发明上，就可 以想出一些新的发明。故选C项。【37题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：也许把我们所有人都有的共同项目、系统和习惯列一个清单，然后上上下 下，看看我们能不能把两个或三个项FI放在一

43、起，想出一个新产品，或者更好的方法来处理生活和生活中 的挑战。A. distinct不同的；B. slrange奇怪的；C. legal合法的；D. common普通的，共同的。根据后文we all have可知，此处指我们所有人所共有有的。故选D项。【38题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：也许把我们所有人都有的共同项目、系统和习惯列一个清单，然后上上下下， 看看我们能不能把两个或三个项目放在一起，想出一个新产品，或者更好的方法来处理生活和生活中的挑 战。A. current潮流;B. product产品；C. powder粉末;D. criterion准则。基于前文分析可知,作者在谈论 发明，

44、根据前文 “things like tape, nails, Post-it notes, DNA testing, the Internet, vaccines, and medical imaging 和后文“I。handle life and ihe 19 in it”可知，此处指发明出新的产品。故选B项。【39题详解】考杳名词词义辨析。句意：也许把我们所有人都有的共同项目、系统和习惯列一个清单，然后上上下下， 看看我们能不能把两个或三个项目放在一起，想出一个新产品，或者更好的方法来处理生活和生活中的挑 战。A. challenges 挑战；B. directions 方向;C. pri

45、vacies 隐私;D. conclusions 结论。根据前文 “many were matter of simply trying to solve a problem ”可知，此处指处理生活中的挑战。故选A项。【40题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：试一试，看看我们能想出什么，我们会给自己和其他人带来惊喜！ A.puzzle使 迷惑；B. frighten 吓唬;C. annoy 惹恼;D. surprise 使惊奇。根据前文 “If we pay alteniion to what we experience and really put our 16 to it, there is n

46、o reason why wc couldnt come up with some new inventions ourselves.”可知，此处指，新的发明会带来惊喜。故选D项。第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入I个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。When the starting signal sounded, Qian Hongyan pushed herself in the pool. She 41(win)the silvermedal in the womens 100-meter breaslsiroke (蛙泳)final in th

47、e 11 th National Games for Persons with Disabilities42 (hold)in Xian, Shaanxi Province.Qian, from Luliang, Yunnan Province, lost both legs. 43 caused that was a traffic accident when she was 4 years old. Since then, she has become well-known tor moving around while balanced on an orange ball,44 (cam

48、) herself a nickname, basketball girl.Qians enthusiasm for swimming 45 (date)back to 2007. At 11 years old, she 46 (invite)by the coach Zhang Honghu to join the swimming club tor people with disabilities. However, without legs, Qian found it difficult to keep balance in water.Swimming without legs i

49、s like handling a boat 47 a rudder （舵）.I tended to sway （摇摆）due to a poor sense of direction,* she said.To help her overcome the difficulty, her coach made a tailor-made training plan for her. Every day, she practiced swimming for al least four 48 （hour）. She made intense efforts to strengthen her arm and balance, 49 helped her successf