专题09情态动词(虚拟语气)-2023年高考英语一轮复习《考点题型技巧》精讲与精练高分突破系列(通用)(解析版).docx
《专题09情态动词(虚拟语气)-2023年高考英语一轮复习《考点题型技巧》精讲与精练高分突破系列(通用)(解析版).docx》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《专题09情态动词(虚拟语气)-2023年高考英语一轮复习《考点题型技巧》精讲与精练高分突破系列(通用)(解析版).docx(16页珍藏版)》请在淘文阁 - 分享文档赚钱的网站上搜索。
1、专题09情态动词(虚拟语气)考点题型技巧考向分析复习建议考点导航答题技巧 T青态动tXk题型_单项选择 题型分叫题型二语法填空题型三完型填空检测训练V.英语中常用的情态动词主要有 can, could, may. might, must, will, would, shall, should,ought to, dare, need, used to, had better等。在学习情态动词时应注意以下几点:同一,情态动词表示不同的意义的情况;情态动词后跟各种形式的用法;尤其要注意”情态动词+完成式”是高考中的重点所在。对虚拟语气的考查重点在于根据句子的语境灵活多样地运用虚拟语气,宾语从句中虚
2、拟语气的应用,交际用语中为表示委婉而使用的虚拟语气,含蓄条件句中的虚拟语气,以及特殊句型中的虚拟语气等。0复习建议情态动词:1 .掌握情态动词的基本用法;2 .掌握情态动词表达情感、态度、语气等方面的用法。虚拟语气:适宜饲养的牲畜。分析句子,简单句中除了提示词外无其余动词,故此处需用动词的时态。 逻辑主语和提示词之间表示主动逻辑。by+过去时间译为“到为止”,后面的句子用过 去完成时。故填had discovered.4 .New methods 65. (mean)that fewer people worked in farming.【答案】meant【解析】考查时态。句意:新方法意味着更
3、少的人从事农业。分析句子,主句部分无其他动 词,故此处需填时态。文章的整体时态是过去时,根据时态一致原则此处也应为过去时。逻 辑主语和动词之间表示主动关系。所以此处填过去时的主动形式。故填meant。5 .The 80,000 objects collected by Sir Hans Sloane, for example,38. (form) the core collectionof the British Museum39 (which/that) opened in 1759.【答案】formed【解析】考查动词时态。句意:例如,汉斯斯隆爵士的8万件藏品构成了 1759年开馆的大 英
4、博物馆的核心藏品。此处是谓语动词,根据时间状语E1759可知,应使用一般过去时。 故填 formed oH检测训练I、单项选择.Poor Mr. Perkins had to wait patiently until his car was the only one that in the parkinglot.A. leftB. would leave C. was leftD. had been left【答案】C【解析】考查动词时态语态。句意:可怜的珀金斯先生不得不耐心地等着,直到他的车成为 停车场里唯一剩下的车。ihat引导定语从句,从句中做主语,故从句谓语动词与先行词保持 人称和数的
5、一致,先行词是the only one, one指代上文提到的car,且car与leave是动宾关 系,故用被动语态,排除A、B项;根据上文的had to wait until his car was可推断,leave 动作发生在had to wait之后,与was时间一致,用一般过去时,故排除D。故选Ccto give you just a surprise quiz but on second thought I chose to let you reflect onyour exercises.A. had intendedB. has intendedC. intendedD. has
6、 been intended【解析】考查时态。句意:我本打算给你一个惊喜测验,但经过仔细考虑,我选择让你反思 一下你的练习。根据 I chose to let you reflect on your exercises.可知,had intended to do sth”本 打算做某事,实际上却未做符合句意。故此题选A。1.1 hate to say this but you need to stop doing things like this because they me all thetime.A. disturbB. have disturbed C. disturbedD. arc
7、 disturbing【答案】D【解析】考查动词时态。句意:我讨厌这样说,但是你需要停止这做这些事情,因为它们老 是打扰了我。根据句意及时间状语all the time可知,使用现在进行时,与打the time(一直) 搭配,表示厌恶。故选D。4 .Charlies wheelchair out of power. He drove it into my office and looked for a place tocharge it.A. runB. have runC. had runD. was running【答案】D【解析】考查动词时态。句意:查理的轮椅快没电了。他把它开进我的办公
8、室,找了个地 方充电费。根据下文 He drove it into my office and looked for a place to charge il.可知,轮椅快 没电,run out 0代耗尽;用光”,用进行时表示“即将用光”,故选D。5 . You really did a good job,Robcrt!I was just doing my job and anyone in my position the same like me.A. might doB. could doC. should have done D. would have done【答案】D【解析】考查情
9、态动词。句意:罗伯特,你真棒!-我只是做了我该做的事情,任何一个跟 我站在同一角度的人都会这么做的。分析句子可知,此处表示对过去的虚拟,故应用would have doneo 故选 D。6 .Thcy might have found a better hotel if they a few more kilometers.A. drove B. would drive C. were to drive D. had driven【答案】D【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意:如果他们多开几公里的话,他们也许会找到一个更好的旅馆。 由“they might have found a better hot
10、el”可知,该句是表示对过去的虚拟。if a few more kilometers是条件句部分,表示对过去的虚拟,条件句部分要用过去完成时态,故D选项正确。7 . If the new safety system to use, the accident would never have happened.A. had been putB. were putC. should be putD. would be put【答案】A【解析】考杳虚拟语气。根据句意可知是对过去情况的虚拟,从句用had done形式,故答 案选Ao句意:如果新的安全系统已投入使用的话,这次事故就不会发生了。8.1 w
11、as wearing a seatbell. If I hadnt been wearing one, I.A. were injuredB. would be injuredC. had been injuredD. would have been injured【答案】D【解析】句意:我当时系着安全带。如果我没有系安全带,我就会受伤了。使用虚拟语气, 根据if条件句用的had done,可知,主句用would have done表示对过去情况的虚拟,而且 I和injure是被动关系。故选D。9.1 f we(he flight yesterday, we would be enjoying
12、 our holiday on the beachA. had caughtB. caughtC. have caughtD. would catch【答案】A【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意:如果我们昨天赶上飞机的话,现在我们正在海滩享受我们的 假日了。根据时间状语yesterday可知,从句表示与过去事实相反,故用had + v-ed。故选A。 点睛:本题考查虚拟语气。虚拟语气重要做题原则:根据题干中主句或从句中动词形式判断 所考查的动词的虚拟时间,一般要保持一致,但要注意错综时间虚拟语气要根据各自所表示 的虚拟时间做出调整。本题就是错综条件虚拟语气,从句与过去事实相反,故用had + v-ed
13、, 主句与现在事实相反。10.1 f it for his invitation the other day, I should not be here now.A. had not beenB. should not beC. were not to beD. should not have been【答案】A【解析】本句属于错综条件句的虚拟语气。if从句表示与过去事实相反,所以使用过去完成 时,主句表示与现在事实相反,所以使用情态动词+动词原形”。句意:如果不是因为前 几天他的邀请,我现在就不会在这里了。故A正确。11 .not for the support of ihe teacher
14、s, the student could not overcome her difficulty.A. It wereB. Were itC. It wasD. Was it【答案】B【解析】考杳虚拟语气。根据主句could not overcome可知此处是省略if的虚拟语气和倒装, 所以were应放于主语it之前,陈述句应为If it were not.,故选B项。句意:要不是老 师们的支持,这个学生不可能克服困难。12 .What a pity! You missed the sightseeing, or we a good time together.A. hadB. will ha
15、veC. would have hadD. had had【答案】C【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意:真遗憾!你错过了这次观光,否则,我们本应该在一起度过 一段愉快时光的。根据上文,可知是对过去事情的虚拟,与过去事实相反的假设。其句子结 构为:从句:If+.主语+过去完成时+其他,主句:主语+should(would, could, might)+现在完成 时+其他,故选C。13.1 cant find my purse. I it in the supermarket yesterday, but Im not sure.A. should leaveB. must have leftC. mig
16、ht leaveD. could have left【答案】D【解析】考查情态动词表推测和虚拟语气。句意:我不能找到我的钱包了,昨天我有可能把 它落到超市了,但我不确定。根据句中时间状语yesterday可知,是对过去事情的推测,故 用情态动词+ have done,再根据后句but not sure.可知,此推测为不能肯定的推测,故用 情态动词could,表示“可能故选D。14.Without his wartime experiences, Hemingway his famous novel A Farewell to Arms.A. didnt writeB. hadnt writte
17、nC. wouldnt writeD. wouldnt have written【答案】D【解析】本题是含蓄条件句。句意:没有他战时的经验,海明威就不可能写出著名的小说永 别武器。根据without his wartime experience没有战时的经历,可知表示对于过去的否定 猜测,故主句用would have done,因此选D项。II、单句改错下列各句均有一处错误,请标出并改正。(-)1.1 f my brother was here, everything would be all right.2. If he hadnt been caught in the storm yest
18、erday, he will not be ill now.3. Therefore we strongly suggested that similar events arc held every year, bad laThe answer sheet must cut from (he newspaper and sent to China Daily after the deadline.4. We must found ways to protect our environmentSome people who dont like to talk much are not neces
19、sarily shy; they must just be quiet people.5. It?s the office! So you may know eating is not allowed here.-Oh, sorry.6. If you made better use of your time, you might have learned more.7. Eye doctors recommend that a childs first eye exam was at the age of six months old.8. It mustn, t be the vocabu
20、lary that caused you the problem in the exercise because you know a lot of words.【参考答案】l.was-werc句意,要是我哥哥在这儿的话,一切都没问题了。此句为话引导的虚拟条件句. 表示对现在的虚拟。从句用一般过去时,be用were.2. will-woukl考在虚拟语气。句意:如果他昨天没有遇到风易,他现在就不会生病了。这是 一个错综条件的虚拟语气。从句根据yesterday可以看出是对过去的虚拟,用过去完成时, 而主句根据时间状语now看出是对现在的虚拟。故用would do.3. are-be考查虚拟话气
21、。句意:因此我们强烈建议类似的活动应该每年都举行。Suggest意为 “建议”时,后面的从句用should do的形式或者省略shouldomust后面加be。句意:答题纸必须是从报纸上剪下来的,并且在截至口期前寄送至中国口 报。根据句意。这里应该用被动语志。nust do的被动语态是must be done.后面的sent和cul 共用一个be动词,所以sent前可以省略。4. found-find句息:我们必须找到保护环境的方法。此处must为情态动间,情态动词后接动 词原形。5. must-may句意:,些不爱说话的人并不是真的害羞。他们可能只是比较安静,由句意可知这里表示不确定的推测,
22、故用情态动词may。6. may-must句意:这里是办公室。所以你必须知道在这儿吃东西是不被允许的。哦,对不 起。结合语境可知,这里表示命令.因此要用must。7. made前加had句意:假若你将自己的时间利用得更好一些,你本可以学到更多东西的。 根据句意可知此处订引导虚拟条件句,表示对过去的虚拟,故从每应用过去完成时。8. was-be句意:眼科医生建议孩子应在六个月大时进行第一次明期检查。recommend表建议 主张后接从句用(should) do的虚报语气。9. musnYOukhft句意不可能是词汇导教你在考试中出这个问题,因为你知道很多单间。mustnt do表禁止,结合语境可
23、知,此处使用couldnt表时对过去事情有把握的推测。(二)l.Td rather you saw the film yesterday.2.It is time that I go to pick up my daughter at school.3.1 wish I knew the truth of the matter.4.If you listened to the doctor, you would be all right now.5.You could do better, but you didnt try your best.6.1f we took the other r
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