高中英语语法总结大全-连词.docx

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1、高中英语语法总结大全之连词连词连词是一种虚词，它不能独立担任句子成分而只起连接词与词，短语与短语以及句与 句的作用。连词主要可分为两类：并列连词和从属连词。并列连词用来连接平行的词、词组 和分句。 如：and, but, or, nor, so, therefore, yet, however, fbr, hence, as well as, both.and, not only.but also, either.or, neither.nor, （and）thcn 等等。并列连词与并列结构并列连词引导两个并列的句子。1 ）and 与 or判断改错:（错）They sat down and t

2、alk about something.（错）They started to dance and sang.（错）I saw two men sitting behind and whisper there.（对）They sat down and talked about something.（对）They started to dance and sing.（对）1 saw two men sitting behind and whispering there.解析:第一句：and连接两个并列的谓语，所以talk应改为talked。第二句：and连接两个并列的动词不定式，第二个不定式往往省

3、略to,因此sang应改为 singo第三句：and连接感观动词saw后面的用作的宾补的两个并列分词结构，因此whisper 应改为 whisperingo注意：and还可以和祈使句或名词词组连用表示条件。（or也有此用法）Make up your mind, and youll get the chance.=If you make up your mind, youll get the chance.One more effort, and youll succeed.=If you make one more effort, youll succeed.2）both .and 两者都Sh

4、e plays （both） the piano and the guitar.3）not only.but （also）, as well as 不但而且）She plays not only the piano, but （also） the guitar.注意：not onlybut also关联两个分句时，一个分句因有否定词not而必须倒装。Not only docs he like reading stories, but also he can even write some.4）neither.nor意思为既不也不谓语动词采用就近原则，与nor后的词保持一致。Neither yo

5、u nor he is to blame.比较and和or1）并列结构中，or通常用于否定句，and用于肯定句。2）但有时and也可用于否定句。请注意其不同特点：There is no air or water in the moon.There is no air and no water on the moon.在否定中并列结构用or连接，但含有两个否定词的句子实际被看作是肯定结构，因此 要用ando典型例题I dont like chickenfish.I dont like chicken,I like fish very much.A. and； andB. and； butC. o

6、r； butD. or； and答案C。否定句中表并列用or, but表转折。判断改错：（错）We will die without air and water.（错）Wc cant live without air or water.（对）We will die without air or water.（对）We cant live without air and water.表示选择的并列结构1）。意思为否则”。I must work hard, or Ill fail in the exam.2) either.or意思为或者或者”。注意谓语动词采用就近原则。Either you or

7、 I am right.表示转折或对比1) but表示转折,while表示对比。Some people love cats, while others hate them.典型例题-Would you like to come to dinner tonight?一 Id like to,Im too busy.A. andB. soC. asD. but答案Do but与前面形成转折，符合语意。而表并列的and,结果的so,原因的as都 不符合句意。2)not.but.意思为不是而是not和but后面的用词要遵循一致原则。They were not (he bones of an anima

8、l, but (the bones) of a human being.表原因关系1) for判断改错：(错)For he is ill, he is absent today.(对)He is absent today, for he is ill.for是并列连词，不能置于含两个并列分句的句子的句首，只能将其放在两个分句中间。2) so, thereforeHe hurt his leg, so he couldnt play in the game.注意：a.两个并列连诃不能连用，但therefore, then. yet.可以和并列连词连用。You can watch TV, and

9、or you can go to bed.He hurt his leg, and so / and therefore he couldnt play in the game.b. although. yet.,但 although 不与 but 连用。(错)Although he was weak, but he tried his best to do the work.(对)Although he was weak, yel he tried his best to do (he work.比较so和such其规律由so与such的不同词性决定。such是形容词，修饰名词或名词词组，s

10、o是副 词，只能修饰形容词或副词。so还可与表示数量的形容词many, few, much, little连用，形成固定搭配。so + adj. such + a(n) + n.so + adj. + a(n) + n.such + n. (pl.)so + adj. + n. (pl.)such +n. (pl.)so + adj. + n.不可数such +n.不可数so foolishso foolishsuch a foolso nice a flowerso nice a flowersuch a nice flowerso many/ few flowersso many/ few flowerssuch nice flowersso much/lictle money.so much/lictle money.such rapid progressso many peopleso many peoplesuch a lot of peopleso many已成固定搭配，a lot of虽相当于many,但a lot of为名词性的，只能用such 搭配。so .that与such. that之间的转换既为so与such之间的转换.