专题11名词性从句-2023年高考英语一轮复习《考点题型技巧》精讲与精练高分突破系列（通用）（解析版）.docx

《专题11名词性从句-2023年高考英语一轮复习《考点题型技巧》精讲与精练高分突破系列（通用）（解析版）.docx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《专题11名词性从句-2023年高考英语一轮复习《考点题型技巧》精讲与精练高分突破系列（通用）（解析版）.docx（20页珍藏版）》请在淘文阁 - 分享文档赚钱的网站上搜索。

1、专题11名词性从句考点题型技巧韦向分析 复习建议 考点导航 答题技巧名词性从句名词性从句题型分类题型一单项选择 题型二短文改错 题型三语法填空 题型四书面表达检测训练名词性从句是高考的热点，对于名词性从句考纲要求掌握以下内容：掌握主语从句、宾 语从句、表语从句的基本用法，了解同位语从句的基本用法。要求考生在复习备考中应该掌 握名词性从句的基本用法；一些易混引导词的辨析；句子的语序、否定前移；名词性从句和 定语从句、状语从句的辨析等。号复习建议1 .掌握宾语从句的用法:2 . 了解同位语从句的用法;3 .掌握表语从句的用法；4 .掌握主语从句的用法；5 .如何正确选择引导词。Paragraph

2、2:Linda was surprised by this lovely action.答案One possible version:A few hours later, another knock. Linda glanced out of the window and to her surprise, there at the door was the same lady, back again. Really annoyed this time, Linda opened the door but before she could speak, with a concerned look

3、 on her face, the young lady handed Linda a warm pot, saying, Im so sorry I disturbed you earlier. I thought you may like (his homemade chicken soup. Hopefully it might make you feel a little better. (74)Linda was surprised by this lovely action. Being new to the area, she didnt know any neighbors,

4、so the gesture was all the more appreciated. She could only smile embarrassedly and sincerely thanked her. With that, the lady left. After she related this story to me, I thought about how touching this deed really was. Especially in todays world where, sadly, kindness and thoughtfulness seen so rar

5、e. I also realized that thinking about others and showing kindness is the real meaning of love. (76)【解析】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者讨厌那些上门推销产品的人，然而通过作者的朋友琳达 在复活节的一次经历之后，改变了作者对这些入侵者的看法和态度。朋友琳达在经历过离 婚之后，独自定居到东波士顿的一个新社区。一天早晨，在她生病时，一位手持传单和电视 模型的女士敲她的门。琳达剧烈地咳嗽着，犹豫地打开门，告诉女士她不需要推销的东西。 之后女士默默的离开了。1 .段落续写：由第一段首句内容“几小时后，

6、又有人敲门。”可知，第一段可描写琳达发现敲门的人还是 那位女士，她给琳达带了鸡汤。由第二段首句内容“琳达被这个可爱的动作吓了一跳。”可知，第二段可描写琳达对自己之 前的行为感到尴尬的同时，对于女士的热情帮助表示感激。2 .续写线索：敲门生气道歉带着鸡汤惊讶愧疚感谢我的改变【题型三语法填空】1. Li is not without criticism. Some people have expressed skepticism because it is unbelievable she looks so perfect after a long day of work in the field

7、s.【答案】that【解析】考查主语从句。有些人表示怀疑，因为在野外工作了一天之后，她看起来如此完美, 这令人难以置信。此处是一个主语从句，it为形式主语，真正的主语为空格处引导的从句， 从句不缺成分，且意义完整，故应用that。故填that。2. Il has been proved eating vegetables in childhood helps to protect you against seriousillness in later life.【答案】that【解析】考查连接词。句意：已经证实，儿童时期食用蔬菜有助于保护你免受后期生活中重 大疾病的侵扰。分析句子可知，it是形

8、式主语，而proved后面的从句才是该句的真正主语， 即为主语从句，且从句语义和结构都完整，故用连接词that,故填Ihat。3. What students do at college seems to matter much more than 8 they go.【答案】where【解析】考查宾语从句。句意：学生在大学里做什么似乎比去哪里（哪所大学）更重要。这 里表达去哪所大学，表示地点，作状语。故用where。4.1m not sure 61 is more frightened, me or the female gorilla（大猩猩）that suddenlyappears ou

9、t of nowhere. Im walking on a path in the forest in the Central African Republic.【答案】which/who【解析】考查宾语从句。句意：我不确定哪一个更害怕，我，还是突然出现的雌性大猩猩。 此处为宾语从句，空格处表示选择，所以用which或者who”5.While they are rare north of 88,there is evidence 61 they range all the way across the Arctic, and as far south as James Bay in Canad

10、a.【答案】that【解析】考查同位语从句。根据句子结构分析可知，主句为therebe句型，且结构完整，空 格后为同位语从句，解释说明中心词evidence的内容，故填that。【题型四单句改错】The games my parents taught me where I was a child turned out to be very useful later in my life.【答案】where改为when【解析】考查宾语从句的连接词。句意：当我是个孩子的时候我父母教给我的纸牌游戏在我 日后的生活中证明非常有用。宾语从句连接词并不是表示地点状语，而是时间状语。故把 where 改为

11、when。H检测训练I、单项选择.The student completed this experiment to make come true Professor Joseph hadsaid.A. thatB. whatC. whenD. where【答案】B【解析】考查名词性从句。句意：为了使约瑟夫教授所说的成为现实，这个学生完成了这个 实验。Professor Joseph had said作make的宾语从句，该从句中，空处在从句中作 said的宾语,表示”所说的话”,因此应用what引导该从句。故选B。2.0ver thousands of years, they began to

12、 depend less on 57 could be hunted or gathered from the wild, and more on animals they had raised and crops they had sown.【答案】what【解析】考查名词性从句。句意：在几千年的时间里，他们开始减少对我们从野外采集的猎 物的依赖，而更多地依赖他们饲养的动物和播种的庄稼。分析句子，宾语从句部分缺主语， 所以引导词应为“连接代词:根据句意，此处缺“什么”之意。故填what。1.1 t is by no means clear the local government will

13、do with the buildings of poorquality.A. whatB. howC. whetherD. which【答案】A【解析】考查名词性从句。句意：目前还不清楚当地政府将如何处理这些质量差的建筑。分 析句子，在形式主语中，真正的主语部分缺“will do”的宾语。名词性从句，若从句部分缺主 语。则引导词用“连接代词乂因句意缺“什么”之意。故选A项。4 . The designers are over the moon. Whats up?一Theyve reached an agreement on the bonuses arc to be divided lat

14、er.A. whyB. howC. whereD. when【答案】B【解析】考查宾语从句。句意：这些设计者们兴高采烈的。怎么了？他们刚刚就奖 金怎么分配达成了一致。分析句子可知，空白处与其后句子一起作介词。n的宾语，属于宾 语从句，空白处需要引导词，其中句子成分完整，结合句意考虑用连接副词how作方式状 语，表示“如何”。故选B项。【点睛】宾语从句连接词的判断是一个重要考点，一般分为三种类型：1.由Ihat引导，that在句中无 实意，只起连接作用，其后接一般的陈述句；2.由whether, if引导，在句中表示“是否，其 后句子可以还原成一般疑问句；3.由wh-系列的连接副词和连接代词引导

15、，这些词在句中都 要担任一定的成分，连接代词担任主、宾、表等成分，连接副词则担任状语。在具体题目中 进行选择时，首先判断宾语从句中是否缺少成分，该小题中就可以看到不缺主、宾、表等成 分，结合选项是缺少状语，这时就可以结合句意进行排除选择，从而得出正确答案。5 .makes our school famous is more than 90% of the students have been admittedto universities.A. What; thatB. Which; because C. That; what D. What; because【答案】A【解析】考查名词性从句。

16、句意：使我们学校出名的是，超过90%的学生都被大学录取了。 分析可知，句子为“主系表”结构，分别用主语从句和表语从句做相应的句子成分，主语从句 中缺主语且表示“什么”的含义，所以用whal引导；表语从句中引导词在句中不做任何成分, 没有实际意义，所以用Ihal引导。故选A项。6.once-grcat cities fell into ruins.A. WhatB. WhyC. WhetherD. That【答案】B【解析】考查名词性从句。句意：玛雅文明为何崩溃至今仍是个谜。曾经伟大的城市变成.了 废墟。分析句子结构可知，本句为主语从句，从句缺少原因状语，所以用连接词why引导。 故选B。7 .

17、People may think （hat dinosaurs were big, green with hard skin covering their bodies. But in fact, it seems that dinosaurs appeared very different from we think.A. whichB. thatC. whoD. what【答案】D【解析】考查宾语从句。句意：人们可能认为恐龙体型巨大，呈绿色，身体覆盖着坚硬的皮 肤。但事实上，恐龙似乎和我们想象的很不一样。在宾语从句“we think”中缺少think的宾语， 且是指对恐龙的想象，所以应用w

18、hat引导。故选D,.Air pollution is a big problem. 1 wonder we can do about it.A. whetherB. whatC. howD. that【答案】B【解析】考查宾语从句连接词。句意：空气污染是个大问题。我想知道我们能做些什么。分 析句子成分可知，“we can do about it”为宾语从句，该从句中缺少动词do的宾语，意 为“什么”，所给选项中，“whether（是否广、“how（如何）”和“that（无意义）”均不能充当此成分， 且意思不符，所以排除A、C和D项，故选9.is known to all is that th

19、e outstanding academic atmosphere, as well as various festivals and sports,many students to our school.A. It： drawB. Which： draw C. What： draws D. As： draws【答案】C【解析】考查名词性从句和主谓一致。句意：众所周知，优秀的学术氛围，以及各种节日和 体育活动，吸引了很多学生来我们学校。分析句子可知，第一空引导主语从句，从句缺少主 语，指物，所以连接词what； as well as连接两个主语，谓语动词的形式由前一个主语决定， 因此draw的

20、形式是由the outstanding academic atmosphere确定的,结合语境可知,此处为 一般现在时，故谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故选C。10.students do at the college matters much more than where they travel.A. WhichB. WhereC. WhatD. When【答案】C【解析】考查主语从句。句意：学生在大学里做什么比他们去哪里旅行更重要。空处引导主 语从句，从句中缺少宾语，表示“什么”应用what引导。故选C。11.Believe it or not, your parents have exp

21、erienced you have experienced as childrenand teenagers.B. whichC. whatD. that【答案】C【解析】考查名词性从句。句意：信不信由你，你的父母经历过你童年和青少年时期的经历。 分析句子结构，谓语动词have experienced后面为宾语从句，空处引导宾语从句，从句缺:少 宾语，需用连接代词what引导。故选C。12.More than I ()0 students have entered for the competition, and gains the most pointswill be the winner.

22、A. anyoneB. the oneC. whoD. whoever【答案】D【解析】考查主语从句。句意：有100多名学生参加了这次比赛，任何得分最多的人就是获 胜者。空处引导主语从句，从句中缺少主语，表示“无论谁，任何人应用whoever。故选D。 13.Its unwise to leave can be lifbs most important decisionfuture careerentirely toluck.A. whichB. thatC. whatD. how【答案】C【解析】考查宾语从句。句意：把人生中最重要的决定未来的职业生涯完全留给运 气是不明智的。分析句子结构，“

23、can be lifes most important decision”位于动词leave 后面，为宾语从句，从句缺少主语，需用连接代词what引导。故选C。14 .Jenny has got it takes to be a good actress. In other words, she has the potential tobecome famous.A. whatB. whenC. thatD. how【答案】A【解析】考查名词性从句。句意：珍妮具有一名好演员所需要的品质。换句话说，她有成名 的潜力。A.whal连接代词，表示“什么”；在名词性从句中作主语、宾语和表语；B.whe

24、n连 接副词，表示“什么时候”；在名词性从句中作状语；C.that从属连词，在名词性从句中不作 成分；D.how连接副词，表示“如何:在名词性从句中作状语。分析句子可知，got后面接 宾语从句，设空处在从句中作宾语，结合选项，选项A符合题意，故选A。II、语法填空.Going to Mount Huangshan reminds me of the popular Beatles song The Long and Winding Road”.is so breathtaking about the experience is the out-of-this-world scenes.【答案】

25、What【解析】考查主语从句。句意：这次经历的惊人之处在于这世界之外的景色。此处是主语从 句，从句缺乏主语，应用what引导，指代“经历的事情故填Whal。15 .0ver thousands of years, they began to depend less on could be hunted or gatheredfrom the wild, and more on animals they had raised and crops they had sown.【答案】what【解析】whai,考查宾语从句。空格处是介词on后的宾语从句，从句缺少主语，因此要用 what,意为“的东西

26、”。16 .Another benefit of exercise is it will improve your bodys immune system, making youbetter prepared to fight off infection.【答案】that【解析】考查表语从句。句意：锻炼的另一个好处是它会提高你身体的免疫系统，让你更好 地对抗感染。此处为表语从句，从句中不缺少成分，句意完整，故应用只起连接作用的that 引导。故填that。17 .While they are rare north of 88, there is evidence they range all

27、the way across theArctic, and as far south as Janies Bay in Canada.【答案】that【解析】此处缺引导同位语从句的连接词that,说明evidence的具体内容，“证据表明19.1 （ is possible caffeine may cause birth defects （缺陷）in humans, too.【答案】that【解析】分析句子结构可知，该句是一个主从复合句，il作形式主语，that从句为真正的主 语。2O.Have you ever wondered you would do to solve math pro

28、blems if you didift have acalculator or computer or even pencil and paper?【答案】what【解析】考查名词性从句。句意：你有没有想过，如果你没有计算器或电脑，甚至没有铅笔 和纸，你会做什么来解决数学问题？ you would do to solve math problems为宾语从 句，从句中do后缺少宾语，表示“什么，故填what。21.Spanish sport newspaper Marca noted that Wu has answered those who doubted his move to （he

29、club andhis quick adaptation to La Liga （西甲）has surprised many people”.【答案】thai【解析】考查宾语从句。句意：西班牙体育报纸马卡报指出，吴回应了那些质疑他转会 的人，并称“他对西甲的快速适应让很多人感到惊讶此处引导宾语从句，从句句意完整、 成分齐全，应用只起连接作用、无实意的Ihal引导。故填Ihat。22.Thcsc 30(X)-ycar-old symbols, jiaguwcn, were carved on turtle shells or bones of animals, and can give us i

30、nsight into ancient Chinese saw the world around them and into their greatcreativity.【答案】how【解析】考查宾语从句。句意见上一题。根据空格前的介词into可知，此处为宾语从句。 在宾语从句中，句子不缺成分，表“如何”含义，所以用连接副词how引导宾语从句。故填 howo23.I like the most arc the traditional wet markets, restaurants offering various dishes and the numerous cultural activi

31、ties that are available there.【答案】What【解析】考查名词性从句。句意：我最喜欢的是传统的菜市场，提供各种各样菜肴的餐馆和 众多的文化活动。分析可知，该句为主语从句做主语，从句缺宾语，表示“我最喜欢的是”， 因此用what引导，句首字母需大写。故填What。24.It also raises questions about European governments arc doing enough to keep up andcare for such buildings.【答案】whether【解析】考查宾语从句连接词。句意：这也引发了一些问题，即欧洲各国政

32、府是否有足够的 努力来维持和维护这些建筑。空格处引导宾语从句，作介词about的宾语，根据句意，空格 处句子成分齐全，由上文的queslion可知，用whether”是否”符合题意，故填whether。25 .The ideal nap depends on you want from that nap.【答案】what【解析】考查宾语从句。在宾语从句中缺少want的宾语，所以用what引导。故填what。26 .The students returned lo school with a sense of achievement, a feeling they helped people i

33、n need.【答案】that【解析】考查连接词。句意同上。此处为同位语从句，从句中不缺少成分，故应用ihal。故填 thato.Use some simple techniques to distract from the issue and hopefully with time, the person wont be able to remember he is supposed to forget.【答案】what【解析】考查宾语从句。分析该句结构可知，空处引导宾语从句，且在从句中作动词forget 的宾语，故用what导该宾语从句，表示随着时间流逝，这个人就不会记得他应当忘记的事 情

34、了。故填what。27 .There will be challenges ahead, however, which is we are fully preparing for all possibilities.【答案】why【解析】考查名词性从句。句意：然而，前方会有挑战，这就是为什么我们正为各种可能性 做好充分准备。表语从句中，缺少原因状语，所以用连接副词why。故填why。28 .If she had vision for three days, Xiong said, she would like to see with her eyes thepiano (hat accompa

35、nies her for more than a decade looks like.【答案】what【解析】考查宾语从句。句意：熊小姐说，如果她能有三天的视力，她想亲眼看看陪伴她十 多年的钢琴是什么样子的。宾语从句中缺少介词like的宾语，且是指物。故填what。30.1 first have to remove all the rotten parts, and sometimes,is left isnt enough for my designs.【答案】what【解析】考查主语从句。句意：首先我必须移除所有腐烂的部分，有时，剩下的部分不足以 满足我的设计。此处为主语从句，从句中缺少主

36、语，指事物应用whal引导。故填what。31.we feed our bodies feeds our eyes.【答案】What【解析】考查连词。句意：我们喂给身体的东西喂给眼睛。本句为主语从句，从句中缺少宾 语，且指代“东西”，故填What。32.The ideal nap depends on you want from that nap.【答案】What【解析】考查宾语从句。在宾语从句中缺少want的宾语，所以用what引导。故填what。33.Be sure to be with a strong awareness that you are you eat!【答案】what【解析

37、】考查连词。句意：一定要有一个强烈的意识，你吃什么就是什么!本句为表语从句， 引导词在从句中作eat的宾语，表示“你吃的东西”，故填whal。34.But its not the fact Only people with bad handwriting are attracted to the medical field.【答案】that【解析】考查名词性从句。句意：但这并不是说只有书写不好的人才会被医学领域所吸引。 分析句子结构可知，所填词引导同位语从句，解释说明fact的具体内容，从句中不缺少成分 且意义完整，故用that引导。故填ihat。35.1 wanted to see for

38、myself what happened/ said Terry. couldnt imagine it is like tolose your home and everything that you know and the powerful effect the hurricane had on those people.【答案】what【解析】考查连接词。句意：我无法想象失去你的家和你所知道的一切是什么样子，也无法 想象飓风对那些人的强大影响。此处为宾语从句，从句中缺少宾语，结合句意可知应用what. 故填whatoIII、完形填空Yungang Grottoes (石窟)in Dat

39、ong. Shanxi Province, are a world cultural heritage (遗产) site with a history that (go) back more than 1,500 years. In Yungangs 45 big grottoes and more than 200 small grottoes, roughly 59,000 figures of the Buddha, 2_：_ (be) a priceless treasure of human culture.3. because of the effects of climate

40、change and natural disasters, the grottoes face damage year after year. Thanks to (advance) digital technology, researchers are busy “duplicating(复 制)the Yungang Grottoes in an attempt to preserve the precious cultural relics (遗物).Employing 3D laser scanning technology, the researchers5. (digital) r

41、ecord the shapes, colors and other fine details of the grottoes and later reproduce6. by using 3D printing technology.The new technology could enable more people7, (access) the cultural relics despite the distance. In June, 2020, the Zhejiang University Cultural Relics Research Institute and Yungang

42、 Grottoes Research Institute together copied and pasted” Cave No. 12 of the Yungang Grottoes for an8. (exhibit) in Hangzhou, in which is the worlds first 3D-printed 1:1 “copy of a grotto.These Yungang9, (researcher) attempt is a good example of technology helping to preserve魏考房考点01名词性从句连接词的用法名词性从句的连

43、接词有从属连词that/whether/if,连接代词 what/who/which/whose/whatever/whocver/whomevcr/whichcver，连接副词 where/when/why/how/wherever/whenevero1 .that的用法。(1)主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句中用ihai但不能省略。(2)一般情况下，宾语从句中的引导词ihat可省略，但在以下几种情况中that一般不省略：当that从句和主句谓语动词之间有插入语时；有多个that引导的从句时，第一个that可以省略，而其他的that常不可省略：介词except, but, besides, i

44、n等后跟that引导的宾语从句时；当when, who, what, where, why, how等引导的从句与that引导的从句作主句谓语动 词的并列宾语时。(3)that和what的区别。that引导名词性从句时，在主从句中不担当任何句子成分，也没有任何含义；而what 引导名词性从句时，在主从句中都要充当一定的句子成分，what可以分解成定语从句中的 先行词+关系代词”，即常说的”先行词+ that ”。(4)同位语从句与定语从句中that的区别。同位语从句中的连接词that只起连接作用，在从句中不担当任何句子成分；而定语从句 中的关系代词thai在句中作宾语或主语，与先行词有修饰关系

45、。如果句子是同位语从句，就应用连接词Ihal而不能用which。同位语从句一般放在表具体含义的名词 后解释说明名词的含义或内容,如以下名词：news, fact suggestion, truth, plan, belief, doubt* possibility idea等,而定语从句只是对先行词的限定和修饰。2 .vhether 和 if 的用法。It all depends on whether they will come back.(2)后面直接跟or nol时用whether。主语从句、表语从句中只能用whether cultural heritage. It is hoped 1

46、0. the new digitalized technologies will facilitate the “rebirth“ of the cultural relics, and bring them to more places worldwide.【答案】1 . goes2. are3. But 4. advanced5. digitally6. them7. to access8. exhibition9. researchersthat【解析】这是一篇说明文。山西大同云冈石窟是世界文化遗产，距今已有1500多年的历史。 文章主要介绍研究人员使用数字技术复制云冈石窟，希望保存这些

47、遗产。1 .考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：山西大同的云冈石窟是世界文化遗产，可追溯至1500 多年前。句子陈述客观事实用一般现在时，且定语从句修饰先行词history,从句中谓语动词 与先行词保持一致，应用第三人称单数形式。故填goes。2 .考查主谓一致。句意：云冈的45个大石窟和200多个小石窟中，大约有5.9万尊佛像， 是人类文化中无价的财富。句子陈述客观事实用一般现在时，主语为“45 big grottoes and more than 200 small grottoes,谓语动词用复数。故填are。3 .考查连词。句意：但是由于气候变化和自然灾难的影响，石窟一年年地面临着破坏。上

48、文提到石窟的价值，结合空后“石窟一年年地面临着破坏”可知，上下文是转折关系，应用 but,句首单词首字母要大写。故填But。4 .考查形容词。句意：由于先进的数字技术，研究人员正忙于“复制云冈石窟，试图保护 珍贵的文物。修饰后文名词短语digital technology,应用形容词advanced,作定语。故填 advanced。5 .考查副词。句意：利用3D激光扫描技术，研究人员将石窟的形状、颜色和其他细节数 字记录下来，然后使用3D打ER技术进行复制。修饰后文动词record应用副词digitally,作 状语。故填digitally。6 .考查代词。句意：利用3D激光扫描技术，研究人员将石窟的形状、颜色和其他细节数 字记录下来，然后使用3D打印技术进行复制。此处指对上文提到的“shapes, colors and other fine details of the grottoes”进行复制，作宾语，应用代词them。故填them。7 .考查非谓语动词。句意：这项新技术可以让更多的人在距离遥远的情况卜接触到文物。 结合句意表示“让某人能够做某