八年级下册Unit8HaveyoureadTreasureIslandyet现在完成时讲解.docx

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1、现在完成时讲解构成：肯定式：主语+助动词have/has+动词的过去分词.疑问式：助动词Have/Has+主语+动词的过去分词？否定式：主语+助动词have/has + nol +动词的过去分词.过去分词规则变化：a）一般情况下，直接加 ed,（work-worked wateriwatered, finish-finished 等;）b）以“辅音字母+ y”结尾的动词，把y变成i再加ed,（carry- -carriedstudyistudied等;）c）以辅+元+辅结尾且中读的动词，要双写最后一个辅音字母，再加ed。（stop-stopped, shopshopped）d）以不发音的e结尾

2、的动词，只加d （过去分词不规则变化表： 二、用法：用法一：表示过去（已经、曾经或从未）发生的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果。标志词： already, never, ever,just, yet,before, once/twice/数字 + times例：I have cleaned my room.我已打扫了房间（房间现在是干净的，不需要打扫了）They have left.-他们已经离开了，也就是说现在他们人不在这里I have never had a car （我从未有过汽车。）I have been there twice.a） already往往用于肯定句，用在疑问句时表示强调或

3、加强语气；yet用于否定句和疑问句。 He has already left here.他已经离开这里了。 Has he already left here?他（真的）已经离开这里了吗？（表示加强语气）, My teachers havent had breakfast yet.我的老师们还没有吃早饭。, Have you written to your parents yet?你已经给你父母写过信了吗？b） never是否定词，表示“从来没有”，而ever表示“曾经”We have never been to the Great Wall.我们从来没有去过长城。 Have you ever

4、been to Canada?你们曾经去过加拿大吗？c） just用于句中，表示“刚刚”Eve just had breakfast.我刚吃完早饭。 Wha（ have they just done?他们刚刚做 了什么？d） before用于句末，表示“以前”, Pve seen it before.我以前见过它。练习：用 never, ever, already before, just 或 yet 填空。4.1 have seen him before, so I have no idea about him.2. Jack has finished his homework.3. Hav

5、e you seen （he film? -No, I have seen it.4. Has the bus left? -Yes, it has left.5. Would you like to go to the zoo with me? Yes, but I have been there has gone to, has been to, has been in 的区别:1. have/has箕one to去了某地（还在某地没回来）Where is your father?你爸爸在哪里？He has gone to Shanghai.他去上海了。2. havc/has been t

6、o曾经去过（已回，已不在去过的地方）+次数（once/twice/数字+times）My father has been to Shanghai 3 times.我爸爸去过上海 3 次。画线提问： has your father been to Shanghai?3. have/has been in待了多久（去了，现在仍在所待的地方）+ for +时间段/+ since +时间点My father has been in Shanghai for iwd monlhs/ since two monihs ago.我爸已经在上海待 了 两个月 了。 画线提问：has your father b

7、een in Shanghai?注意：注意遇到四个地点副词要去掉Win,这四个地点副词是：here ,lhere ,home .abroad练习：用 have gone to / have been to / have been in / went to 填空。1 .you ever Disneyland?2 . How many times you Disneyland ?1.1 Nanjing since two years agoMr. Li Hong Kong. And hell come back in two days.4. 一How long you Disneyland ?Fo

8、r three days. I the theme park last Sunday.5. My father HongKong two weeks ago.6. My father HongKong in 2023.7. My father HongKong since 2023.8. My father HongKong twice.9. My father Hong Kong and he hasnt conic back yet.10. Wheres Lucy?She has to a restaurant for lunch.11. Have you to this park bef

9、ore.用法二：表示过去已经开始，并一直持续到现在的动作或状态。标志词：up to now,so far,for +时间段since+时间点I have learnt English for more than ten years.我已经学了 10 多年的英语。She has swum since half an hour ago.我已经游泳了半个小时a） for +一段时间Eg. I have been here for 5 weeks.我在这里 5 周了。Hes studied English fbr 3 years.他学习英语 3 年了。b） since +（表示过去某一时间的）时间点/

10、单词/词组/从句（一般过去时）Eg. I have been here since 2000.我自从 2000 年开始在这里。I have been here since 5 years ago.我自从 5 年前就在这里。I have been here since I graduated in 2000.我自从 2（X）0 年毕业就在这里。注：1）对for或since引导的时间状语提问必须用how long,决不能用when.Eg. I have lived here fbr 10 years.画线提问：have you lived here?注2）:短暂性动词不能和for或since引导的

11、时间状语连用，当然也不能用于how long引导的问句中Eg.（误）1 have left there for 5 years.（正）1 have been away there for 5 years.为了表述这种意思，我们常用相应的延续性动词来代替短暂性动词。become be, begin-* have, borrow -* keep, buy have, go out - be out come （go, arrive, get） be indie be dead.finish-* be over, join-* be in （be a member of ）leave-* be aw

12、ay （ from），open-* be open close-* be closed练习：选用for和since填空： havent seen each other a long time,father has been in the Party 10 years ago.film has been on 20 minutes.Green has worked here he came to China,grandparents have been dead several years.6. Its five years we met last time.三、与一般过去时的用法比较1现在完成

13、时和一般过去时都是说过去的事情，但现在完成时注意的不是事情本身，而是强调事情与现在保持 的某种密切联系（如现在的结果，影响，一直延续到现在等），祁表示中去的时间连用|；而一般过去时,则只讲 述发生在过去的动作和事情与现在没有关系,|常与表示过去的时间连用eg： He has bought an English-Chinese dictionary.他已经买了 本英汉字典。He bought an English-Chinese dictionary.他曾买过一本英汉字典。第一句用现在完成时时态，想表达意为：“He bought an English-Chinese dictionary. An

14、d he still has it “过 去他买了一本英汉字典，现在他还有这本字典”.第二句用过去时只叙述过去他买过一本英汉字典这一事实，至于现在他是否有这本字典并未强 调说明。2.常与一般过去时连用的典型的表示过去时间的状语： yesterday（昨天），the day before yesterday（前天），juslnow（刚才），时间+ ago, lasl +时间 等；eg: The plane took off ten minutes ago. We finished our task last week .现在完成时练习题一.单项选择I have been living here

15、1999.A. for B. after C. in D. sincehave you been playing the guitar? For 5 years.A. How soon B. How long C. How far D. How oftenmay I keep these books? For two weeks.A. How often B. How far C. How long D. How soonhave you been here? Ive been here for months.A. How long B. How often C. How muchD. How

16、 manyThe boy TV all morning.A. has watched B. had watched C. has been watching D. watchedHow long you stamps? Since two years ago.A. have, collected B. did, collect C. have , been collecting D. are, collectingare still working in the fields. They for two hours.A. was working B. has been working C. w

17、orked D. are workinglooks tired. Oh , he for three hours.A. have been skating B. have been skated C. has been skating D. has been skatedHe it for two hours, and he is still watching now.A. has been B watching C. has been watching D. is watchingThe famous writer one new book in the past two years.A.

18、is writing B. was writingC. wrote D. has writtenPotter is a very nice film . 1 it twice.A. will see B. have seen C. saw D. seefather the Party since 1978.A. joined B. has joined C. was in D. has been in long have you here? About two months.A. been B. gone C. come D. arrived up! The play for ten minu

19、tes.A. has begun B had begun C. has been on D. began15 It ten years since he left the army.A. is B. has C. will D. was二.句型转换：have been watching the football match for half an hour.(划线提问) you been watching the football match?2. He has been studying Japanese for two years.(同义句转换) He has been studying

20、Japanese two years.3. We started the party two hours ago.(划线提问) you the party?4. The old man last year.He for a year, (die)(动词填空)Do you swim every day?(用 for two hours 改写) you for two hours.Gao left an hour ago.(同义句转换)Miss Gaoan hourmother has been a Party member for three years .(同义句)Her motherthe Party three years 三、动词填空.you(clean) the room? Yes, we(do) that already. When you(do) it? We(do) it an hour ago.he(see) this film yet? Yes. When he(see) it?He it last week.3. How many times you(be) there?