专题04阅读理解（夹叙夹议）【晨读晚练】近五年高考真题把脉2023年高考命题思路（全国卷新高考卷）.docx

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1、专题04阅读理解（夹叙夹议）01晨读词汇Significant 重要的shut down 关闭elegant优雅的make up our minds 卜,定决心conflict冲突，矛盾at the same time 同时cant help doing 情不自禁diversity多样性is attached lo依恋于，依附于speed up 力口速dynamic精力充沛的,有活力的at the cost of以为代价Compromise 让步02晨读原文题源（2022全国）Sometime in （he early 1960s, a significant thing happened i

2、n Sydney, Australia. The city discovered its harbor. Then, one after another, Sydney discovered lots of things |hai were just sort of （here （定 i.；从 句 broad parks, superb beaches, and a culturally diverse population. But it is the harbor （hat makes the city （衬 调句）.Andrew Reynolds, a cheerful fellow i

3、n his early 30s, pilots Sydney ferryboats fbr a living. I spent the whole morning shuttling back and forth across the harbor. After our third run Andrew shut down the engine, and we went our separate ways he for a lunch break, I to explore the city.TH miss these old boats/ he said as we parted.“How

4、do you mean? 1 asked.“Oh, theyre replacing them with catamarans. Catamarans arc faster, but theyre not so clcgan|, and theyre not fiin to pilot. But thats progress, I guess.”Everywhere in Sydney these days, change and progress arc the watchwords （口 号），and traditions are at （he risk of （he ridicule o

5、f their peers. In looking for the stories of discovery, I found the stories of these people and how their lives changed our view of the world.We are repeatedly willing to imagine we have found most of what is left to discover. We 1 used to think that insects were the smallest organisms （生物），and that

6、 nothing lived deeper than six hundred meters. Yet, when something new turns up. more often than not. we do not even know its name.03晚练I was 1. in the middle of the Amazon （亚马逊）with my wife, who was there as a medical researcher. Wc flew on a small plane to a faraway village. We did not speak the lo

7、cal language, did not know the customs, and more often than not, did not entirely recognize the food. We could not have felt more 2,foreign.We were raised on books and computers, highways and cell phones, but now we were living in a village without running water or electricity It was easy for us to

8、go to sleep at the end of the day feeling a little misunderstood.Then one perfect Amazonian evening, with monkeys calling from beyond the village green, we played soccer. I am not good at soccer, but that evening it was wonderful. Everyone knew the rules. We all spoke the same language of passes and

9、 shots. We understood one another perfectly. As darkness came over the field and the match ended, the goal keeper, Juan, walked over to me and said in a matter-of-fact way, “In your home, do you have a moon too?” I was surprised.After I explained to Juan that yes, wc did have a moon and yes, it 3.wa

10、s very similar to his, I felt 4.a sort of awe at the possibilities that existed in his world, in Juans world, each village could have its own moon. In Juans world, the unknown and undiscovered was vast and 5.marvelous. Anything was possible.In our society, we know that Earth has only one moon. We ha

11、ve 6.looked atour planet from every angle and found all of the wildest things left to find. I can, from my computer at home, pull up satellite images of Juans village. There are no more continents and no more moons to search for, little left to discover. At least it seems that way.Yet, as I thought

12、about Juans question, I was not sure how much more wc could really rule out. 1 am, in part, an ant biologist, so my thoughts 7.turncd to what we know about insect life and I knew that much in the world of insects remains unknown. How much, though? How ignorant are we? The question of what we know an

13、d do not know constantly 8.bothered me.I began collecting newspaper articles about new species, new monkey, new spider., and on and on they appear. My drawer quickly filled. I began a second drawer for more general discoveries: new cave system discovered with dozens of nameless species, four hundred

14、 species of bacteria found in the human stomach. The second drawer began to fill and as it did I wondered whether there were bigger discoveries out there, not just species, but life that 9.depends on things thought to be useless, life even without DNA.I started a third drawer for these big discoveri

15、es. It fills more slowly, but all the same, it fills.In lO.looking into the stories of biological discovery, 1 also began to find something else, 1 l.a collection of scientists, usually I2.brilliant occasionally half-mad, who made the discoveries. Those scientists very often see the same things that

16、 other scientists see, but (hey pay more attention to (hem, and they focus on (hem to the point of exhaustion, and at the risk of the ridicule of their peers. In looking for the stories of discovery, I found the stories of these people and how their lives changed our view of the world.We 13.are repe

17、atedly willing to imagine we have found most of what is left to discover. We 14.used to think that insects were the smallest organisms (生物)，and that nothing lived deeper than six hundred meters. Yet, when something new 15.turns up, 16.more often than not, wc do not even know its name.1 .How did the

18、author feel on his arrival in the Amazon?A.Out of place B.Full of joy.C.Sleepy.D.Regretful.2 .What made that Amazonian evening wonderful?A.He learned more about the local language.B.Thcy had a nice conversation with each other.C.Thcy understood each other while playing.D.He won the soccer game with

19、the goal keeper.3 .Why was the author surprised at Juans question about the moon?A.The question was too straightforward.B.Juan knew so little about (he world.C.The author didnt know how to answer.D.Thc author didnt think Juan was sincere.4 . What was the authors initial purpose of collecting newspap

20、er articles?A.Tb sort outwhat we have known.B.To deepen his research into Amazonians.C.To improve his reputation as a biologist.D.lb learn more about local cultures.5 .How did those brilliant scientists make great discoveries?A.They shifted their viewpoints frequently.B.They followed other scientist

21、s closely.C.They often criticized their fellow scientists.D.They conducted in-depth and close studies.6 .What could be the most suitable title for the passage?A.The Possible and the Impossible .B.The Known and the Unknown .C.The Civilized and the Uncivilized .D.The Ignorant and the Intelligent.【答案】l

22、.A 2.C 3.B 4.A 5.D 6.B【解析】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者和妻子来到了亚马逊，妻子是一名医学研究者。一踏上这里，作者感 到非常不适应，通过与当地人的接触，作者了解一些人对外部的世界并不了解。在生物多样性发现的过程 中，作者意识到，很多东西是人类已知的，还有很多是人类未知的.1 .推理判断题。根据第一段“We didnt speak the local language, did not know the customs and more often than not, didnt entirely recognize the food. We couldnt have fel

23、t more fbreign.可知，我们不会说当地的语言，不了解当 地的风俗习惯，而且往往我们不能完全认识食物，我们感觉非常陌生。由此可知，作者一到达亚马逊感觉 格格不入。故选A项。2 .细节理解题。根据第三段“Everyone knew the rules. We all spoke the same language of passes and shots. We understood one another perfectly.可知，每个人都知道规则，在传球和射门方面，我们说着同样的语言，彼此 非常了解。由此可知，踢球时他们的彼此理解使得他们的亚马逊夜晚很美好。故选C项。3 .推理判断题

24、。根据第四段“In Juans world, the unknown and undiscovered was vast and marvelous.“可知，在胡 安的世界里，未知的东西和未被发现的东西是浩瀚而神奇的。由此判断，胡安对这个世界知之甚少。故选B 项。4 .推理判断题。根据第七段“I began collecting newspaper articles about new species, new spider.,and on and on they appear, my drawer quickly filled, I began a second drawer for mor

25、e general discoveries: new cave system discovered with dozens of nameless species .I started a third drawer for these big discoveries.“可知， 我开始收集 报纸上关于新物种、新蜘蛛的文章它们源源不断地出现，我的抽屉很快就填满了。我开始用第二个抽 屉来储存更普遍的发现:在新的洞穴系统发现了几十个无名的物种我还为这些重大发现准备了第三个抽 屉。由此判断，作者收集报纸文章的初始FI的是为了分类我们所知道的事情。故选A项。5 .细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“but the

26、y pay more attention to them ,and they focus on them to the point of exhaustion ,and at the risk of the ridicule of their peers.”可知，但他们更多地关注这些发现,他们把注意力集中 在这些发现上直到精疲力竭的地步，冒着被同龄人嘲笑的风险。由此可知，杰出的科学家进行深入细致的 研究，做出重大的发现。故选D项。6 .主旨大意题。通读全文可知，作者和妻子来到了亚马逊。踏上这里，作者感到非常不适应，通过与当地 人的接触，作者了解到一些人对外部的世界并不了解。在对这里的风土人情和

27、多样化生物的研究过程中， 作者提高了认识，意识到很多东西是人类已知的，还有很多是人类未知的。所以短文的最佳标题为“已知和 未知的事物:故选B项。曷01晨读词汇as long as 只要enthusiastic 热情的took on呈现pick out挑选，辨认bond关系filled them withform generation to generation 一代又一代encourage readers to 鼓励做.afford to买得起purchase 购买see libraries as 把看作put together组合，装配，放在一起Cooperative 合作的Uneasy不安

28、的Inseparable不可分开的Casual随意的acting out把付诸行动call on号召Sponsor 赞助Purchase 购买02晨读原文题源2020年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试卷IIwas alwaysI have a special place in my heart for libraries. I have for.as long as I can remember.ories were like air to me and whienthusiastic reader, sometimes reading up to three books a day as a c

29、hild. St， other kids played ball or went to parties, I lived out adventures through the books I checked out from the library.My first job was working at the Ukiah Library when I was 16 years old .It was a drcam job and I didnieaninj in my life. I hadnieaninj in my life. I hadeverything from shelving

30、 books to reading to the children for story lime.As I grew older and became a mother, the library took on a new place and several children and books were our main source（来源）of entertainment. It was a big deal for us to load up and go to the local library, where my kids could pick out books to read o

31、r books they wanted me to read to them.I always read ,using different voices ,as though I were acting out the stories with my voice and they loved it !It was a special time to bondwith my children and it filled them with the wonderment of books .Now, I see my children taking their children to the li

32、brary and I love that the excitement of going to the library lives on tbnn generation to generation.As a novelist, Tve found a new relationship with libraries. I encourage readers lo go to their local library when they cant afford topurchase a book. I see libraries as a safe haven（避风港）for readers an

33、d writers, a bridge that helps put together a reader with a book. Libraries, in （heir own way, help fight book piracy（盗版行为）and think all writers should support libraries in a significant way when they can. Encourage readers to use the library. Share library announcements on your social media. Freque

34、nt them and talk about them when you can03晚练I have a special place in my heart for libraries. I have fbr.as long as I can remember. I was always an enthusiastic reader, sometimes reading up to three books a day as a child. Stories were like air to me and while other kids played ball or went to parti

35、es, I lived out adventures through the books I checked out from the library.My first job was working at the Ukiah Library when I was 16 years old .It was a dream job and I did everything from shelving books to reading to the children for story time.As 1 grew older and became a mother, the library to

36、ok on a new place and an added meaning in my life. I had several children and books were our main source（来源）of entertainment. It was a big deal for us to load up and go lo the local library, where my kids could pick out books to read or books they wanted me lo read to them.I always read ,using diffe

37、rent voices ,as though I were acting out the stories with my voice and they loved it !It was a special time to bondwith my children and it filled them with the wonderment of books .Now, I see my children taking their children to the library and I love that the excitement of going to the library live

38、s on form generation to generation.As a novelist, Ive found a new relationship with libraries. I encourage readers to go to their local library when they cant aflbrd to purchase a book. I see libraries as a safe haven（避风港）for readers and writers, a bridge that helps put together a reader with a book

39、. Libraries, in their own way, help fight book piracy（盗版行:为）and 1 think all writers should support libraries in a significant way when they can. Encourage readers to use the library. Share library announcements on your social media. Frequent them and talk about them when you can.7 .Which word best d

40、escribes the authors relationship with books as a child?A.Cooperative.Uneasy.C.Inseparable.D.Casual.What docs the underlined phrase “an added meaning inparagraph 3 refer to?A.Pleasure from working in the library.B.Joy of reading passed on in （he family.C.Wonderment from acting outthe stories.D.A clo

41、ser bond developed with the readers.8 .What does the authorcall on other writers to do?.Sponsor book fairs.B.Write for social media.C.Support libraries.D.Purchase her novels.9 .Which can be a suitable title for the text?A.Reading: A Source of KnowledgeB.My Idea about writingC.Library: A Haven for th

42、e YoungD.My Love of the Library【答案】7.C 8.B 9.C I0.D【解析】本文是夹叙夹议文。文章讲述了作者是一个热情的读者，孩提时热衷读书，第一份工作在图书馆。 有了孩子以后，一家人去图书馆读书，阅读的习惯代代传承下去。作为小说家，作者呼吁其他作家支持图 书馆，宣传图书馆。7 .推理判断题。根据第一段的 I was always an enthusiastic reader, sometimes reading up to three books a day as a child. Stories were like air to me and while

43、other kids played ball or went to parties. I lived out adventures through the books I checked out from the library.（我一直是一个热情的读者，孩提时，有时候每天读多达三本 书。故事对我来说就像空气，而其他孩子则打球或参加聚会。我通过从图书馆借阅来的书籍经历冒险）可推 断，作者小时候与书是密不可分的。故选C。8 .词句猜测题。根据上文As I grew older and became a mother可知,我长大了成了 ,位母亲，结合下文I had several children

44、 and books were our main source （来源）of entertainment. It was a big deal for us to load up and go to the local library, where my kids could pick out books to read or books they wanted me to read to them（我有几个 孩子，书是我们娱乐的主要来源。对于我们来说，坐上车去当地的图书馆是件大事，在那里我的孩子们可 以挑选要阅读的书或者想让我给他们读的书）可推断，作者成了母亲以后，带着孩子去图书馆，孩子挑选

45、书 籍来阅读，或者作者读给他们听，因此可知图书馆在作者的生活中又增添了新的意义，阅读的乐趣在家庭 中代代相传故选B。9 .细节理解题。根据最后一段的 I think all writers should support libraries in a significant way when they can. Encourage readers to use the library. Share library announcements on your social media. Frequent them and talk about them when you can.（我认为所有的作家

46、都应该在他们可以的时候以有意义的方式支持图书馆。鼓励读 者使用图书馆。在社交媒体上分享图书馆公告。可以的时候常去图书馆，谈论图书馆）可知，作者呼吁其他 的作家们支持图书馆。故选C。10 .主旨大意题。纵观全文可知，文章讲述了作者是一名热情地读者，孩提时喜欢阅读，工作在图书馆。有 了孩子以后，一家人去图书馆读书，阅读的习惯代代传承下去，作为小说家，作者呼吁其他作家支持图书 馆，宣传图书馆。因此推断全文围绕“作者对图书馆的爱”展开讲述。故D项“我对图书馆的爱”为最佳标题。 故选D。increasingly rare. Shirley Fitzgerald, the citys official h

47、istorian, told me that in its rush to modemity in the 1970s, Sydney swept aside much of its past, including many of its finest buildings. Sydney is confused about itself? she said. We cant seem to make up our minds whether we want a modern city or a traditional one. Its a conflict that we arent gett

48、ing any better at resolving （解决）On the other hand, being young and old at the same time has its attractions. I considered this when I met a thoughtful young businessman named Anthony. 4Many people say that we lack culture in this country, he told me. “Whal people forget is that the Italians, when they came to Australia, brought 2000 years of their culture, the Greeks some 3000 years, and the Chinese more still. Weve got a foundation built on ancient cultures but with a drive and dynamism of a young country. It?s a pretty hard combination to beat.”He is right, but I cant help wish